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| 1 | 限制热量摄入6个月对超重者寿命指标、代谢调节及氧化应激的影响——随机对照试验AuthorAffiliations:PenningtonBiomedicalResearchCenter.LouisianaStateUniversity.BatonRouge;andGarvan.InstituteforMedicalResearch.Dadinghurst,AustraIia(DrHeilbronn).显示文摘背景:长期限制热量摄入可延长啮齿类动物的寿命。但是,尚未有研究观测长期限制人体热量是否会影响其寿命及氧化应激指标,降低代谢率。
目的:在超重但不肥胖(体重指数为25—30)的人群中研究限制热量6个月伴/不伴运动对其产生的影响。
设计、地点及参试者:于2002年3月至2004年8月在位于路易斯安娜州首府巴顿鲁治的研究中心对48名不好动的健康人进行随机对照研究。
干预:参试者在6个月内随机分为4个组:对照组(饮食可维持体重);限制热量组(限制基线所需能量的25%);限制热量+运动组(限制12.5%的热量+运动增加12.5%的能耗);极低热量饮食组(每日摄入890keal,直至体重减少15%,随后采用维持体重的饮食)。
主要观测指标:机体组成;硫酸脱氢表雄酮(dehydroepiandrostemne sulfate,DHEAS)、葡萄糖及胰岛素水平;蛋白羰基化合物;DNA损伤;24小时能耗;核心体温。
结果:6个月时各组体重变化的均值(标准误)为:对照组-1.0%(1.1%);限制热量组-10.4%(0.9%);限制热量+运动组-10.0%(0.8%);极低热量饮食组-13.9%(0.7%)。6个月时,各干预组空腹血糖水平较基线明显降低(P均〈0.01),而DHEAS和葡萄糖水平没有改变。限制热量组及限制热量+运动组核心体温有所下降(P均〈0.05)。对机体组成进行校正后发现,对照组24小时静息能耗无变化,但限制热量组(-135kcal/d[42kcal/d])、限制热量+运动组(-117kcal/d[52kcal/d])和极低热量饮食组(-125kcal/d[35kcal/d])24小时静息能耗有所下降(P均〈0.008)。上述“代谢调节”(超出预计值的-6%)与对照组相比存在显著差异(P〈0.05)。6个月时,各组蛋白羰基化合物的浓度较基线时无变化,而各干预组DNA损伤有所减少(P〈0.005)。
结论:我们的研究结果显示,长期限制热量可降低人类寿命的2种指标(即空腹胰岛素水平和体温)。此外,我们的研究结果还支持下述理论,即限制热量能降低代谢率,且超过缩小代谢面积产生的相应效应。我们尚需开展远期研究来评价限制热量能否延缓人类衰老过程。 | Leonie K. Heibronn Lilian de Jonge Madlyn I. Frisard James P. DeLany D. Enette Larson-Meyer Jennifer Rood Tuong Nguyen Corby K. Martin Julia Volaufova Marlene M. Most Frank L. Greenway Steven R. Smith Walter A. Deutsch Donald A. Williamson Eric Ravussin 顾佳(译) | 2006 | 美国医学会杂志(中文版)2006，25，5： | 18 |
| 2 | 手控与靶控输注瑞芬太尼用于自主呼吸患者的比较研究显示文摘背景丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼联合输注用于保留自主呼吸患者的深度镇静时常常会发生一些副反应,尤其是呼吸抑制。这些副反应的产生可能与药物的组合以及给药技术有关。靶控输注(TCI)可能会优化给药方法。因此,在这项对择期结肠镜检术患者进行的前瞻性随机双盲研究中,我们试图回答以下两个问题:第一,使用丙泊酚的同时加用瑞芬太尼是否利大于弊。第二,与手控输注相比,靶控输注瑞芬太尼是否可以减少副反应的发生。方法接受择期结肠镜检术的患者被随机分组:接爱手控持续输注瑞芬太尼细(MCI)(0.125μg·kg^-1·min^-1的速度持续输注2分钟后改为0.05μg·kg^-1·min^-1的速度持续输注),靶控输注瑞芬太尼组(TCI)(1ng/ml),或安慰剂组(生理盐水靶控输注或以相应的速度手控持续输注)。所有患者都接受丙泊酚靶控输注,调整靶浓度至相应水平使得患者处于深度镇静、对语言指令无反应的同时保留自主呼吸且不需要辅助通气。结果安慰剂组发生沐动、咳嗽和呃逆、暂时干扰检查操作的人数显著多于研究绍、各组间血流动力学和苏醒指标没有显著临床差异.靶控输注瑞芬太尼减少了丙泊酚的用量。使用瑞芬太尼时,靶控输注组(TCI)与手控输注组(MCI)相比,呼吸减弱和呼吸暂停的发生率明显减低(TCI:n=7,MCI:n=16,P〈0.05).结论瑞芬太尼和丙泊酚联合应用于保留自主呼吸的深度镇静时比单独丙泊酚能提供更好的结肠镜检术条件与手控输注瑞芩太尼相比,靶控输注瑞芬太昆可以减少丙泊酚的用量并减少呼吸暂停和呼吸抑制的发生率(TCI:n=7,MCI:n=16,P〈0.05). | Annelies T. Moerman Luc L. Herregods Martine M. De Vos Eric P. Mortier Michel M. R. F. Struys 蒋琦亮(译) 吴镜湘(校) 徐美英(校) | 2010 | 麻醉与镇痛2010，，1： | 3 |
| 3 | Quality Improvement Guidelines for the Treatment of Lower Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis with Use of Endovascular Thrombus Removal显示文摘 | Suresh Vedantham Patricia E. Thorpe John F. Cardella Clement J. Grassi Nilesh H. Patel Hector Ferral Lawrence V. Hofmann Bertrand M. Janne d’Othée Vittorio P. Antonaci Elias N. Brountzos Daniel B. Brown Louis G. Martin Alan H. Matsumoto Steven G. Meranze | 2006 | Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology2006，，3： | 3 |
| 4 | Recent US Food and Drug Administration warnings on hepatitis B reactivation with immune‐suppressing and anticancer drugs: Just the tip of the iceberg?显示文摘 | Adrian M. Bisceglie Anna S. Lok Paul Martin Norah Terrault Robert P. Perrillo Jay H. Hoofnagle | 2015 | Hepatology2015，，2： | 2 |
| 5 | Report of the 1995 World Health Organization/International Society and Federation of Cardiology Task Force on the Definition and Classification of Cardiomyopathies显示文摘 | P. : Richardson W. Rapporteur: McKenna M. Committee: Bristow B. Maisch B. Mautner J. O'Connell E. Olsen G. Thiene J. Consultant: Goodwin I. WHO Staff: Gyarfas I. Martin P. Nordet | 1996 | Circulation1996，，5： | 2 |
| 6 | Histomorphologic Tumor Regression and Lymph Node Metastases Determine Prognosis Following Neoadjuvant Radiochemotherapy for Esophageal Cancer: Implications for Response Classification显示文摘 | Paul M. Schneider Stephan E. Baldus Ralf Metzger Martin Kocher Rudolf Bongartz Elfriede Bollschweiler Hartmut Schaefer Juergen Thiele Hans P. Dienes Rolf P. Mueller Arnulf H. Hoelscher | 2005 | Annals of Surgery2005，，5： | 2 |
| 7 | Subnormothermic Machine Perfusion for Ex Vivo Preservation and Recovery of the Human Liver for Transplantation显示文摘 | B. G. Bruinsma H. Yeh S. ?zer P. N. Martins A. Farmer W. Wu N. Saeidi S. Op den Dries T. A. Berendsen R. N. Smith J. F. Markmann R. J. Porte M. L. Yarmush K. Uygun M.‐L. Izamis | 2014 | American Journal of Transplantation2014，，6： | 2 |
| 8 | Inflammation as a Risk Factor for Atrial Fibrillation显示文摘 | Ronnier J. Aviles David O. Martin Carolyn Apperson-Hansen Penny L. Houghtaling Pentti Rautaharju Richard A. Kronmal Russell P. Tracy David R. Van Wagoner Bruce M. Psaty Michael S. Lauer Mina K. Chung | 2003 | Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association2003，，24： | 2 |
| 9 | Report of the 1995 World Health Organization/International Society and Federation of Cardiology Task Force on the Definition and Classification of Cardiomyopathies显示文摘 | P. : Richardson W. Rapporteur: McKenna M. Committee: Bristow B. Maisch B. Mautner J. O’Connell E. Olsen G. Thiene J. Consultant: Goodwin I. WHO Staff: Gyarfas I. Martin P. Nordet | 1996 | Circulation1996，，5： | 2 |
| 10 | Resveratrol Does Not Benefit Patients with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease显示文摘 | Veronique S. Chachay Graeme A. Macdonald Jennifer H. Martin Jonathan P. Whitehead Trisha M. O’Moore-Sullivan Paul Lee Michael Franklin Kerenaftali Klein Paul J. Taylor Maree Ferguson Jeff S. Coombes Gethin P. Thomas Gary J. Cowin Carl M.J. Kirkpatrick Joh | 2014 | Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology2014，，： | 2 |
| 11 | Endoscopic balloon dilation compared with sphincterotomy for extraction of bile duct stones显示文摘 | James A. DiSario Martin L. Freeman David J. Bjorkman Padraic MacMathuna Bret T. Petersen Philip E. Jaffe Thomas G. Morales Lee J. Hixson Stuart Sherman Glen A. Lehman M. Mazen Jamal Firas H. Al-Kawas Mukul Khandelwal Joseph P. Moore Gregory A. Derfus Priy | 2004 | Gastroenterology2004，，： | 2 |
| 12 | Encyclopedia of Autographa californica Nucleopolyhedrovirus Genes显示文摘The Autographa californica multiple capsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) was the first baculovirus for which the complete nucleotide sequence became known. Since then 15 years lapsed and much research has been performed to elucidate putative functions of the annotated open reading frames of this virus and this endeavour is still ongoing. AcMNPV is the most well-known and well-studied baculovirus species, not in the least for its application as a vector for the high-level expression of foreign genes in insect cells. This article is the first monograph of a single baculovirus and gives a current overview of what is known about the 151 AcMNPV ORFs, including (putative) function and temporal and spatial presence of transcripts and protein. To date 60 ORFs have a proven function, another 19 ORFs have homologs for which functions are known in other baculoviruses and 72 ORFs are still enigmatic. This paper should assist the reader in quickly finding the essentials of AcMNPV. | David P. A. Cohen Martin Marek Bryn G. Davies Just M. Vlak Monique M. van Oers | 2009 | Virologica Sinica2009，24，5： | 2 |
| 13 | Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia: Relapse-Free Survival Is Determined by Karyotype and Comorbidities显示文摘 | Hesham Eissa Ted A. Gooley Mohamed L. Sorror Franchesca Nguyen Bart L. Scott Kristine Doney Keith R. Loeb Paul J. Martin John M. Pagel Jerry P. Radich Brenda M. Sandmaier E. Houston Warren Rainer Storb Frederick R. Appelbaum H. Joachim Deeg | 2011 | Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation2011，，： | 2 |
| 14 | Soluble TNF-α receptor 1 and IL-6 plasma levels in humans subjected to the sleep deprivation model of spaceflight显示文摘 | William T. Shearer James M. Reuben Janet M. Mullington Nicholas J. Price Bang-Ning Lee E.O’Brian Smith Martin P. Szuba Hans P.A. Van Dongen David F. Dinges | 2001 | The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology2001，，1： | 2 |
| 15 | Effects of kinetin and nitrogen on growth rates, pigment and protein contents in wild and phycoerythrin-deficient strains of Hypnea musciformis (Rhodophyta)显示文摘 | Aline P. Martins Nair S. Yokoya Maria Angela M. Carvalho Estela M. Plastino | 2008 | Journal of Applied Phycology2008，，5： | 1 |
| 16 | Proximal humeral fracture fixation: locking plate construct ± intramedullary fibular allograft显示文摘 | Roxanne M. Chow Farhana Begum Lauren A. Beaupre Jason P. Carey Samer Adeeb Martin J. Bouliane | 2012 | Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery2012，，7： | 1 |
| 17 | Estimates of the Annual Net Carbon and Water Exchange of Forests: The EUROFLUX Methodology显示文摘 | M. Aubinet A. Grelle A. Ibrom ü. Rannik J. Moncrieff T. Foken A.S. Kowalski P.H. Martin P. Berbigier Ch. Bernhofer R. Clement J. Elbers A. Granier T. Grünwald K. Morgenstern K. Pilegaard C. Rebmann W. Snijders R. Valentini T. Vesala | 2000 | Advances in Ecological Research2000，，： | 1 |
| 18 | Generic Issues on Broad-Scale Soil Monitoring Schemes: A Review显示文摘Numerous scientific challenges arise when designing a soil monitoring network (SMN), especially when assessing large areas and several properties that are driven by numerous controlling factors of various origins and scales. Different broad approaches to the establishment of SMNs are distinguished. It is essential to establish an adequate sampling protocol that can be applied rigorously at each sampling location and time. We make recommendations regarding the within-site sampling of soil. Different statistical methods should be associated with the different types of sampling design. We review new statistical methods that account for different sources of uncertainty. Except for those parameters for which a consensus exists, the question of testing method harmonisation remains a very difficult issue. The establishment of benchmark sites devoted to harmonisation and inter-calibration is advocated as a technical solution. However, to our present knowledge, no study has addressed crucial scientific issues such as how many calibration sites are necessary and how to locate them. | D. ARROUAYS B. P. MARCHANT N. P. A. SABY J. MEERSMANS T. G. ORTON M. P. MARTIN P. H. BELLAMY R. M. LARK M. KIBBLEWHITE | 2012 | Pedosphere2012，22，4： | 1 |
| 19 | ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 Guidelines for Management of Patients With Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death显示文摘 | Douglas P. Zipes A. John Camm Martin Borggrefe Alfred E. Buxton Bernard Chaitman Martin Fromer Gabriel Gregoratos George Klein Arthur J. Moss Robert J. Myerburg Silvia G. Priori Miguel A. Quinones Dan M. Roden Michael J. Silka Cynthia Tracy Sidney C. Smit | 2006 | Journal of the American College of Cardiology2006，，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Dry deposition of gaseous elemental mercury to plants and soils using mercury stable isotopes in a controlled environment显示文摘 | Andrew P. Rutter James J. Schauer Martin M. Shafer Joel E. Creswell Michael R. Olson Michael Robinson Ryan M. Collins Andrew M. Parman Tanya L. Katzman Justin L. Mallek | 2010 | Atmospheric Environment2010，，4： | 1 |
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