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| 1 | Diagnostic endoscopic ultrasonography:Assessment of safety and prevention of complications显示文摘Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) has gained wide acceptance as an important, minimally invasive diagnostic tool in gastroenterology, pulmonology, visceral surgery and oncology. This review focuses on data regarding risks and complications of non-interventional diagnostic EUS and EUS-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB). Measures to improve the safety of EUS und EUS-FNB will be discussed. Due to the specific mechanical properties of echoendoscopes in EUS, there is a low but noteworthy risk of perforation. To minimize this risk, endoscopists should be familiar with the specific features of their equipment and their patients' specific anatomical situations (e.g., tumor stenosis, diverticula). Most diagnostic EUS complications occur during EUS-FNB. Pain, acute pancreatitis, infection and bleeding are the primary adverse effects, occurring in 1% to 2% ofpatients. Only a few cases of needle tract seeding and peritoneal dissemination have been reported. The mortality associated with EUS and EUS-FNB is 0.02%. The risks associated with EUS-FNB are affected by endoscopist experience and target lesion. EUS-FNB of cystic lesions is associated with an increased risk of infection and hemorrhage. Peri-interventional antibiotics are recommended to prevent cyst infection. Adequate education and training, as well consideration of contraindications, are essential to minimize the risks of EUS and EUS-FNB. Restricting EUS-FNB only to patients in whom the cytopathological results may be expected to change the course of management is the best way of reducing the number of complications. | Christian Jenssen Maria Victoria Alvarez-Sánchez Bertrand Napoléon Siegbert Faiss | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，34： | 33 |
| 2 | Induction of antiproliferative effect by diosgenin through activation of p53, release of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and modulation of caspase-3 activity in different human cancer cells显示文摘Previously, we demonstrated that a plant steroid, diosgenin, altered cell cycle distribution and induced apoptosis in the human osteosarcoma 1547 cell line. The objective of this study was to investigate if the antiproliferative effect of diosgenin was similar for different human cancer cell lines such as laryngocarcinoma HEp-2 and melanoma M4Beu cells. Moreover, this work essentially focused on the mitochondrial pathway. We found that diosgenin had an important and similar antiproliferative effect on different types of cancer cells. In addition, our new results show that diosgenininduced apoptosis is caspase-3 dependent with a fall of mitochondrial membrane potential, nuclear localization of AIF and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage. Diosgenin treatment also induces p53 activation and cell cycle arrest in the different cell lines studied. | Cecile CORBIERE Bertrand LIAGRE Faraj TERRO Jean-Louis BENEYTOUT | 2004 | Cell Research2004，14，3： | 29 |
| 3 | Review:DNA-damage response network at the crossroads of cell-cycle checkpoints, cellular senescence and apoptosis显示文摘Tissue homeostasis requires a carefully-orchestrated balance between cell proliferation, cellular senescence and cell death. Cells proliferate through a cell cycle that is tightly regulated by cyclin-dependent kinase activities. Cellular senescence is a safeguard program limiting the proliferative competence of cells in living organisms. Apoptosis eliminates unwanted cells by the coordinated activity of gene products that regulate and effect cell death. The intimate link between the cell cycle, cellular senes- cence, apoptosis regulation, cancer development and tumor responses to cancer treatment has become eminently apparent. Extensive research on tumor suppressor genes, oncogenes, the cell cycle and apoptosis regulatory genes has revealed how the DNA damage-sensing and -signaling pathways, referred to as the DNA-damage response network, are tied to cell proliferation, cell-cycle arrest, cellular senescence and apoptosis. DNA-damage responses are complex, involving “sensor” proteins that sense the damage, and transmit signals to “transducer” proteins, which, in turn, convey the signals to numerous “effector” proteins implicated in specific cellular pathways, including DNA repair mechanisms, cell-cycle checkpoints, cellular senescence and apoptosis. The Bcl-2 family of proteins stands among the most crucial regulators of apoptosis and performs vital functions in deciding whether a cell will live or die after cancer chemotherapy and irradiation. In addition, several studies have now revealed that members of the Bcl-2 family also interface with the cell cycle, DNA repair/recombination and cellular senescence, effects that are generally distinct from their function in apoptosis. In this review, we report progress in understanding the molecular networks that regulate cell-cycle checkpoints, cellular senescence and apoptosis after DNA damage, and discuss the influence of some Bcl-2 family members on cell-cycle checkpoint regulation. | SCHMITT Estelle PAQUET Claudie BEAUCHEMIN Myriam BERTRAND Richard | 2007 | Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology)2007，8，6： | 17 |
| 4 | Damage control orthopaedics: State of the art显示文摘Damage control orthopaedics(DCO) originally consisted of the provisional immobilisation of long bone-mainly femur-fractures in order to achieve the advantages of early treatment and to minimise the risk of complications, such as major pain, fat embolism, clotting, pathological inflammatory response, severe haemorrhage triggering the lethal triad, and the traumatic effects of major surgery on a patient who is already traumatised(the 'second hit' effect). In recent years, new locations have been added to the DCO concept, such as injuries to the pelvis, spine and upper limbs. Nonetheless, this concept has not yet been validated in well-designed prospective studies, and much controversy remains.Indeed, some researchers believe the indiscriminate application of DCO might be harmful and produce substantial and unnecessary expense. In this respect, too,normalised parameters associated with the acid-base system have been proposed,under a concept termed early appropriate care, in the view that this would enable patients to receive major surgical procedures in an approach offering the advantages of early total care together with the apparent safety of DCO. This paper discusses the diagnosis and treatment of severely traumatised patients managed in accordance with DCO and highlights the possible drawbacks of this treatment principle. | Enrique Guerado Maria Luisa Bertrand Juan Ramon Cano Ana María Cerván Adolfo Galán | 2019 | World Journal of Orthopedics2019，10，1： | 16 |
| 5 | Review of endoscopic radiofrequency in biliopancreatic tumours with emphasis on clinical benefits, controversies and safety显示文摘Most pancreatic cancers and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas are unresectable at the time of diagnosis, and even in case of a resectable cancer, for elderly or patients with coexistent comorbidities, surgery is not an option. Current treatment alternatives in these scenarios are very limited. Biliary stenting with selfexpanding metal stents(SEMS) is the mainstay palliative treatment of biliary obstruction due to unresectable pancreatic cancer or cholangiocarcinoma. Nevertheless, more than 50% of SEMS become occluded after 6 mo due to tumour over- and ingrowth, leading to hospital readmissions and reinterventions that significantly impair quality of life. Regimes of chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy also provide minimal survival benefits. Therefore, novel therapies are eagerly awaited. Radiofrequency(RF) energy causes coagulative necrosis leading to local destruction of the accessed malignant tissue and has an established role in the treatment of malignancies in several solid organs, especially liver cancers. However, pancreatic and extrahepatic biliary cancers are not easily accessed by a percutaneous route, making the procedure dangerous. Over the past five years, the development of dedicated devices compatible with endoscopic instruments has offered a minimally invasive option for RF energy delivery in biliopancreatic cancers. Emerging experience with endoscopic RF ablation(RFA) in this setting has been reported in the literature, but little is known about its feasibility, efficacy and safety. A literature review makes it clear that RFA in biliopancreatic tumours is feasible with high rates of technical success and acceptable safety profile. Although available data suggest a benefit of survival with RFA, there is not enough evidence to draw a firm conclusion about its efficacy. For this reason, prospective randomized trials comparing RFA with standard palliative treatments with quality-of-life and survival endpoints are required. Anecdotal reportshave also highlighted a potential curative role of RFA in small pancreatic tumours and benign conditions, such as ductal extension of ampullomas, intrahepatic adenomas or non-tumoural biliary strictures. These newest indications also deserve further examination in larger series of studies. | María-Victoria Alvarez-Sánchez Bertrand Napoléon | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，37： | 16 |
| 6 | Laparoscopic ultrasonography as an alternative to intraoperative cholangiography during laparoscopic cholecystectomy显示文摘AIM To assess the role of laparoscopic ultrasound(LUS) as a substitute for intraoperative cholangiography(IOC) during cholecystectomy.METHODS We present a MEDLINE and Pub Med literature search, having used the key-words 'laparoscopic intraoperative ultrasound' and 'laparoscopic cholecystectomy'. All relevant English language publications from 2000 to 2016 were identified, with data extracted for the role of LUS in the anatomical delineation of the biliary tract, detection of common bile duct stones(CBDS), prevention or early detection of biliary duct injury(BDI), and incidental findings during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Data for the role of LUS vs IOC in complex situations(i.e., inflammatory disease/fibrosis) were specifically analyzed. RESULTS We report data from eighteen reports, 13 prospective non-randomized trials, 5 retrospective trials, and two meta-analyses assessing diagnostic accuracy, with one analysis also assessing costs, duration of the examination, and anatomical mapping. Overall, LUS was shown to provide highly sensitive mapping of the extra-pancreatic biliary anatomy in 92%-100% of patients, with more difficulty encountered in delineation of the intra-pancreatic segment of the biliary tract(73.8%-98%). Identification of vascular and biliary variations has been documented in two studies. Although inflammatory disease hampered accuracy, LUS was still advantageous vs IOC in patients with obscured anatomy. LUS can be performed before any dissection and repeated at will to guide the surgeon especially when hilar mapping is difficult due to fibrosis and inflammation. In two studies LUS prevented conversion in 91% of patients with difficult scenarios. Considering CBDS detection, LUS sensitivity and specificity were 76%-100% and 96.2%-100%, respectively. LUS allowed the diagnosis/treatment of incidental findings of adjacent organs. No valuable data for BDI prevention or detection could be retrieved, even if no BDI was documented in the reports analyzed. Literature analysis proved LUS as a safe, quick, non-irradiating, costeffective technique, which is comparatively well known although largely under-utilized, probably due to the perception of a difficult learning curve. CONCLUSION We highlight the advantages and limitations of laparoscopic ultrasound during cholecystectomy, and underline its value in difficult scenarios when the anatomy is obscured. | Alexandra Dili Claude Bertrand | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，29： | 16 |
| 7 | 模块店中店显示文摘这是建筑师啥迪德为高端服装品牌NEILBARRETT设计的装置“店中店”,这些装置放置在首尔和香港的店中.哈迪德计划为每间店都设计一个雕塑,这种单件的展示物是从更大的人造景观中切割下来的,被做成模块,安装到每间店铺中。虽然每个单件都是独立的,但它们也像树的分枝一样,是一个更大物体的单独组成部分。 | Jacob Virgile Simon Bertrand | 2013 | 设计2013，26，5： | 11 |
| 8 | 基于攻击行为预测的网络防御策略显示文摘为了有效阻止网络攻击行为,提出一种基于攻击行为预测的网络攻击防御方法.针对入侵者的攻击行为具有强的随机性和不确定性,部署高交互蜜罐网络,采集入侵者攻入主机后的攻击数据,构建攻击状态转移图;利用隐马尔可夫模型(HMM)具有较为精确的似然度概率计算的特点,设计网络攻击行为预测模型.以攻击行为预测模型为核心,结合常用的入侵防御系统,构建主动防御策略,并开发相应的原型系统,将之部署到真实的网络系统中进行攻击实验.通过累计5个月真实数据的训练和验证,预测模型的准确率达到80%.结果表明该策略具有良好的网络攻击对抗性,可有效地用于预防网络攻击. | 任午令 赵翠文 姜国新 David Maimon Theodore Wilson Bertrand Sobesto | 2014 | 浙江大学学报(工学版)2014，48，12： | 10 |
| 9 | H2O2-Activated Up-Regulation of Glutathione in Arabidopsis Involves Induction of Genes Encoding Enzymes Involved in Cysteine Synthesis in the Chloroplast显示文摘谷胱甘肽在对 H2O2 的反应是在细胞的氧化还原作用动态平衡并且,因此的一个关键播放器,但是调整激活氧化的谷胱甘肽合成的因素仍然是不清楚的。我们在有条件的 Arabidopsis 过氧化氢酶缺乏的异种(cat2 ) 调查了导致 H2O2 的谷胱甘肽合成。植物为 5 在提高的 CO2 从种子被种 ? 星期,然后处于短天或长天的条件转了到空气。处于任何条件在提高的 CO2 或野类型的植物比作 cat2,到在两个光周期的空气的 cat2 的转移在小时以内引起了叶谷胱甘肽水池的可测量的氧化。氧化在随后的天继续并且被谷胱甘肽的累积伴随。这效果在在短天内转移到空气的 cat2 是更强壮的,并且没被连接到可引出的活动或涉及谷胱甘肽合成的承诺的小径的抄本编码酶的可估计的增加。相反,它被丝氨酸, O-acetylserine,和半胱氨酸的增加伴随。在代谢物的这些变化被编码腺苷 phosphosulfate reductase (4 月) 的基因的正式就职伴随,特别地, APR3,以及编码 chloroplastic 的特定的丝氨酸 acetyltransferase 基因(SAT2.1 ) 坐了。标记这些基因的正式就职仅仅在处于短天的条件转移到空气的 cat2 被观察,在半胱氨酸和谷胱甘肽累积是很戏剧的的地方。不同于另外的容纳的基因,它在 cat2 显示出可以忽略的正式就职,相对许多 4 月和 SAT2.1 抄本密切为 H2O2 发信号与标记抄本被相关。一起,数据在谷胱甘肽合成的导致氧化剂的起来规定加重半胱氨酸合成的重要性并且建议叶绿体在这些情形下面做重要贡献到半胱氨酸生产。 | Guillaume Queval Dorothée Thominet Hélène Vanacker Myroslawa Miginiac-Maslow Bertrand Gakière Graham Noctor | 2009 | Molecular Plant2009，2，2： | 10 |
| 10 | Digital Earth’s Nervous System for crisis events:real-time Sensor Web Enablement of Volunteered Geographic Information显示文摘Digital Earth(DE)is a powerful metaphor for the organisation and access to digital information through a multi-scale three-dimensional representation of the globe.Recent progress gave a concrete body to this vision.However,this body is not yet self-aware:further integration of the temporal and voluntary dimension is needed to better portray the event-based nature of our world.We thus aim to extend DE vision with a Nervous System in order to provide decision makers with improved alerting mechanisms.Practical applications are foreseen for crisis management,where up-to-date situational awareness is needed.While it is traditionally built through trusted sources,citizens can play a complementary role by providing geo-referenced information known as Volunteered Geographic Information(VGI).Although workflows have been implemented to create,validate and distribute VGI datasets for various thematic domains,its exploitation in real time and its integration into existing concepts of DE,such as spatial data infrastructures,still needs to be further addressed.In this paper we suggest to bridge this gap through Sensor Web Enablement for VGI,where VGI sensing becomes a sense of the DE’s Nervous System.We discuss this approach and its applicability in the context of a forest fire scenario. | Bertrand De Longueville Alessandro Annoni Sven Schade Nicole Ostlaender Ceri Whitmore | 2010 | International Journal of Digital Earth2010，3，3： | 8 |
| 11 | 用法国小麦粉制作中国面条的研究Ⅰ.实验室制作挂面显示文摘将 1 0种典型的法国商品面粉和我国的 5种面条专用粉作对比 ,在实验室研究了法国小麦粉制作挂面的适宜性 .通过揉混仪测定 ,与粉质仪吸水率对比分析 ,结果表明 :制作食品时的实际吸水率与粉质吸水率没有相关性 .法国小麦粉制作的挂面存在的缺陷主要表现在色泽、麸星、表观状态等外观品质上 ,这与法国小麦粉的低加工精度和高出粉率有关 .低蛋白质含量的法国小麦粉仍具有制作挂面的良好品质 :烹煮时间短 ,硬度适中 ;筋力强、弹性足 ,耐咀嚼性好 ;不粘条、不粘牙 ,爽口滑溜 . | 赵仁勇 J P Leygue 刘长虹 R Bertrand | 2002 | 郑州工程学院学报2002，23，1： | 8 |
| 12 | 已确诊冠心病患者的治疗及预后:关于冠状动脉血运重建的欧洲心脏调查 | Lenzen M. J. Boersma E. Bertrand M. E. W. Wijns 刘少伟 | 2005 | 世界核心医学期刊文摘(心脏病学分册)2005，0，12： | 8 |
| 13 | Rescue associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy after portal embolization: Our experience and literature review显示文摘AIM To report a single-center experience in rescue associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy(ALPPS), after failure of previous portal embolization. We also performed a literature review.METHODS Between January 2014 and December 2015, every patient who underwent a rescue ALPPS procedure in Toulouse Rangueil University Hospital, France, was included. Every patient included had a project of major hepatectomy and a previous portal vein embolization(PVE) with insufficient future liver remnant to body weight ratio after the procedure. The ALPPS procedure was performed in two steps(ALPPS-1 and ALPPS-2), separated by an interval phase. ALPPS-2 was done within 7 to 9 d after ALPPS-1. To estimate the FLR, a computed tomography scan examination was performed 3 to 6 wk after the PVE procedure and 6 to 8 d after ALPPS-1. A transcystic stent was placed during ALPPS-1 and remained opened duringthe interval phase, in order to avoid biliary complications. Postoperative liver failure was defined using the 50-50 criteria. Postoperative complications were assessed according to the Dindo-Clavien Classification.RESULTS From January 2014 to December 2015, 7 patients underwent a rescue ALPPS procedure. Median FLR before PVE, ALPPS-1 and ALPPS-2 were respectively 263 cc(221-380), 450 cc(372-506), and 660 cc(575-776). Median FLR/BWR before PVE, ALPPS-1 and ALPPS-2 were respectively 0.4%(0.3-0.5), 0.6%(0.5-0.8), and 1%(0.8-1.2). Median volume growth of FLR was 69%(18-92) after PVE, and 45%(36-82) after ALPPS-1. The combination of PVE and ALPPS induced a growth of median initial FLR of +408 cc(254-513), leading to an increase of +149%(68-199). After ALPPS-2, 4 patients had stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ complications. Three patients had more severe complications(one stage Ⅲ, one stage Ⅳ and one death due to bowel perforation). Two patients suffered from postoperative liver failure according to the 50/50 criteria. None of our patients developed any biliary complication during the ALPPS procedure.CONCLUSION Rescue ALPPS may be an alternative after unsuccessful PVE and could allow previously unresectable patients to reach surgery. Biliary drainage seems to reduce biliary complications. | Charlotte Maulat Antoine Philis Bérénice Charriere Fatima-Zohra Mokrane Rosine Guimbaud Philippe Otal Bertrand Suc Fabrice Muscari | 2017 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2017，8，4： | 7 |
| 14 | 以飞人的眼晴看世界——独特的贝特朗高空摄影显示文摘春季,卢森堡博物馆举办了一个大型的高空摄影展览,摄影家在博物馆的门口悬挂了110幅巨幅照片,让所有过路的行人都能免费欣赏照片。“我的照片不是为了展览,而是对地球的反映。”摄影家的这个鲜明的主题吸引了众多的参观者,两周内的参观人数高达7万, | 赵凌 Yann Arthus Bertrand | 2007 | 大美术2007，，2： | 7 |
| 15 | Anterior rectopexy for full-thickness rectal prolapse: Technical and functional results显示文摘AIM:To assess effectiveness, complications, recurrence rate, and recent improvements of the anterior rectopexy procedure for treatment of total rectal prolapse.METHODS:MEDLINE, Pub Med, EMBASE, and other relevant database were searched to identify studies.Randomized controlled trials, non-randomized studies and original articles in English language, with more than 10 patients who underwent laparoscopic ventral rectopexy for full-thickness rectal prolapse, with a follow-up over 3 mo were considered for the review.RESULTS:Twelve non-randomized case series studies with 574 patients were included in the review.No surgical mortality was described.Conversion was needed in 17 cases(2.9%), most often due to difficult adhesiolysis.Twenty eight patients(4.8%) presented with major complications.Seven(1.2%) mesh-related complications were reported.Most frequent complications were urinary tract infection and urinary retention.Mean recurrence rate was 4.7% with a median follow-up of 23 mo.Improvement of constipation ranged from 3%-72% of the patients and worsening or new onset occurred in 0%-20%.Incontinence improved in 31%-84% patients who presented fecal incontinence at various stages.Evaluation of functional score was disparate between studies.CONCLUSION:Based on the low long-term recurrence rate and favorable outcome data in terms of low de novo constipation rate, improvement of anal incontinence, and low complications rate, laparoscopic anterior rectopexy seems to emerge as an efficient procedure for the treatment of patients with total rectal prolapse. | Jean-Luc Faucheron Bertrand Trilling Edouard Girard Pierre-Yves Sage Sandrine Barbois Fabian Reche | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，16： | 7 |
| 16 | Contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasound imaging: Basic principles, present situation and future perspectives显示文摘Over the last decade, the development of stabilised microbubble contrast agents and improvements in available ultrasonic equipment, such as harmonic imaging, have enabled us to display microbubble enhancements on a greyscale with optimal contrast and spatial resolution. Recent technological advances made contrast harmonic technology available for endoscopic ultrasound(EUS) for the first time in 2008. Thus, the evaluation of microcirculation is now feasible with EUS, prompting the evolution of contrast-enhanced EUS from vascular imaging to images of the perfused tissue. Although the relevant experience is still preliminary, several reports have highlighted contrast-enhanced harmonic EUS(CHEUS) as a promising noninvasive method to visualise and characterise lesions and to differentiate benign from malignant focal lesions. Even if histology remains the gold standard, the combination of CH-EUS and EUS fine needle aspiration(EUS-FNA) can not only render EUS more accurate but may also assist physicians inmaking decisions when EUS-FNA is inconclusive,increasing the yield of EUS-FNA by guiding the puncture with simultaneous imaging of the vascularity.The development of CH-EUS has also opened up exciting possibilities in other research areas,including monitoring responses to anticancer chemotherapy or to ethanolinduced pancreatic tissue ablation,anticancer therapies based on ultrasound-triggered drug and gene delivery,and therapeutic adjuvants by contrast ultrasound-induced apoptosis.Contrast harmonic imaging is gaining popularity because of its efficacy,simplicity and noninvasive nature,and many expectations are currently resting on this technique.If its potential is confirmed in the near future,contrast harmonic imaging will become a standard practice in EUS. | María-Victoria Alvarez-Sánchez Bertrand Napoléon | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，42： | 7 |
| 17 | Comparison of traditional Chinese medicine education between China's Mainland and Australia —a case study显示文摘OBJECTIVE: To analyze and compare the curriculum and delivery of a Chinese and Australian university-level Chinese medicine program. METHODS: A review of Pub Med and the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure for relevant educational papers was undertaken. Online and paper documents available at the University of Technology Sydney(UTS) and the Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(CDUTCM) were read and analyzed. In addition, in-depth interviews with academics from the two universities were conducted during 2014 to 2015. RESULTS: The two Chinese medicine programs share the common goal of providing health services to the local community, but differ in some aspects when the curricula are compared. Areas such as student profile, curriculum structure, teaching approaches and education quality assurance were found to be different. The UTS program adopts a 'flipped learning' approach with the use of educational technology aiming at improving learning outcomes. On the other hand, the CDUTCM has better clinical facilities and specialist physician resources. CONCLUSION: A better understanding of the different curricula and approaches to Chinese medicine education will facilitate student learning and educational outcomes. | Ji Chen Bertrand Loyeung Chris Zaslawski Fan-rong Liang Wei-hong Li | 2016 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2016，14，4： | 6 |
| 18 | A literature survey on smart cities显示文摘Rapid urbanization creates new challenges and issues, and the smart city concept offers opportunities to rise to these challenges, solve urban problems and provide citizens with a better living environment. This paper presents an exhaustive literature survey of smart cities. First, it introduces the origin and main issues facing the smart city concept, and then presents the fundamentals of a smart city by analyzing its definition and application domains. Second, a data-centric view of smart city architectures and key enabling technologies is provided. Finally, a survey of recent smart city research is presented. This paper provides a reference to researchers who intend to contribute to smart city research and implementation. | YIN ChuanTao XIONG Zhang CHEN Hui WANG JingYuan COOPER Daven DAVID Bertrand | 2015 | Science China(Information Sciences)2015，58，10： | 5 |
| 19 | Single-cell profiling reveals the trajectories of natural killer cell differentiation in bone marrow and a stress signature induced by acute myeloid leukemia显示文摘Natural killer(NK)cells are innate cytotoxic lymphoid cells(ILCs)involved in the killing of infected and tumor cells.Among human and mouse NK cells from the spleen and blood,we previously identified by single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNAseq)two similar major subsets,NK1 and NK2.Using the same technology,we report here the identification,by single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNAseq),of three NK cell subpopulations in human bone marrow.Pseudotime analysis identified a subset of resident CD56^(bright) NK cells,NK0 cells,as the precursor of both circulating CD56dim NK1-like NK cells and CD56^(bright) NK2-like NK cells in human bone marrow and spleen under physiological conditions.Transcriptomic profiles of bone marrow NK cells from patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML)exhibited stress-induced repression of NK cell effector functions,highlighting the profound impact of this disease on NK cell heterogeneity.Bone marrow NK cells from AML patients exhibited reduced levels of CD160,but the CD160high group had a significantly higher survival rate. | Adeline Crinier Pierre-Yves Dumas Bertrand Escalière Christelle Piperoglou Laurine Gil Arnaud Villacreces Frédéric Vély Zoran Ivanovic Pierre Milpied Émilie Narni-Mancinelli Éric Vivier | 2021 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2021，18，5： | 5 |
| 20 | Innate and adaptive immune responses toward nanomedicines显示文摘Since the commercialization of the frst liposomes used for drug delivery,Doxil/Caelyx® and Myocet®,tremendous progress has been made in understanding interactions between nanomedicines and biological systems.Fundamental work at the interface of engineering and medicine has allowed nanomedicines to deliver therapeutic small molecules and nucleic acids more effciently.While nanomedicines are used in oncology for immunotherapy or to deliver combinations of cytotoxics,the clinical successes of gene silencing approaches like patisiran lipid complexes(Onpattro®)have paved the way for a variety of therapies beyond cancer.In parallel,the global severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)pandemic has highlighted the potential of mR NA vaccines to develop immunization strategies at unprecedented speed.To rationally design therapeutic and vaccines,chemists,materials scientists,and drug delivery experts need to better understand how nanotechnologies interact with the immune system.This review presents a comprehensive overview of the innate and adaptative immune systems and emphasizes the intricate mechanisms through which nanomedicines interact with these biological functions. | Iara Maíra de Oliveira Viana Sabrina Roussel Joan Defrêne Eliana Martins Lima Frédéric Barabé Nicolas Bertrand | 2021 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2021，11，4： | 5 |
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