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| 1 | Carcinogenesis on the background of liver fibrosis: Implications for the management of hepatocellular cancer显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is now the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally and many patients have incurable disease. HCC predominantly occurs in the setting of liver cirrhosis and is a paradigm for inflammation-induced cancer. The causes of chronic liver disease promote the development of transformed or premalignant hepatocytes and predisposes to the development of HCC. For HCC to grow and progress it is now clear that it requires an immunosuppressive niche within the fibrogenic microenvironment of cirrhosis. The rationale for targeting this immunosuppression is supported by responses seen in recent trials with checkpoint inhibitors. With the impact of immunotherapy, HCC progression may be delayed and long term durable responses may be seen. This makes the management of the underlying liver cirrhosis in HCC even more crucial as studies demonstrate that measures of liver function are a major prognostic factor in HCC. In this review, we discuss the development of cancer in the setting of liver inflammation and fibrosis, reviewing the microenvironment that leads to this tumourigenic climate and the implications this has for patient management. | Joanne Marie O'Rourke Vandana Mridhu Sagar Tahir Shah Shishir Shetty | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，39： | 8 |
| 2 | Viral hepatitis prevalence in patients with active and latent tuberculosis显示文摘AIM: To assess the prevalence of hepatitis B virus(HBV) and hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection and association with drug induced liver injury(DILI) in patients undergoing anti-tuberculosis(TB) therapy.METHODS: Four hundred and twenty nine patients with newly diagnosed TB- either active disease or latent infection- who were due to commence antiTB therapy between September 2008 and May 2011 were included. These patients were prospectively tested for serological markers of HBV, HCV and human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infections- hepatitis B core antigen(HBc Ag), hepatitis B surface antigen(HBs Ag), hepatitis B e antigen, Ig G and Ig M antibody to HBc Ag(anti-HBc), HCV Ig G antibody and HIV antibody using a combination of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blot assay and polymerase chain reaction techniques. Patients were reviewed at least monthly during the TB treatment initiation phase. Liver function tests were measured prior to commencement of antiTB therapy and 2-4 wk later. Liver function tests were also performed at any time the patient had significant nausea, vomiting, rash, or felt non-specifically unwell. Fisher's exact test was used to measure significance in comparisons of proportions between groups. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS: Of the 429 patients, 270(62.9%) had active TB disease and 159(37.1%) had latent TB infection. 61(14.2%) patients had isolated anti-HBc positivity, 11(2.6%) were also HBs Ag positive and 7(1.6%) were HCV-antibody positive. 16/270 patients with active TB disease compared to 2/159 patients with latent TB infection had markers of chronic viral hepatitis(HBs Ag or HCV antibody positive; P = 0.023). Similarly the proportion of HBs Ag positive patients were significantly greater in the active vs latent TB infection group(10/43 vs 1/29, P = 0.04). The prevalence of chronic HBV or HCV was significantly higher than the estimated United Kingdom prevalence of 0.3% for each. We found no association between DILI and presence of serological markers of HBV or HCV. Three(5.3%) patients with serological markers of HBV or HCV infection had DILI compared to 25(9.5%) patients without; P = 0.04.CONCLUSION: Viral hepatitis screening should be considered in TB patients. DILI risk was not increased in patients with HBV/HCV. | Hesam Ahmadi Nooredinvand David W Connell Mahmoud Asgheddi Mohammed Abdullah Marie O'Donoghue Louise Campbell Melissa I Wickremasinghe Ajit Lalvani Onn Min Kon Shahid A Khan | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，29： | 7 |
| 3 | Molecular detection of Helicobacter pylori antibiotic resistance in stool vs biopsy samples显示文摘AIM To compare(1) demographics in urea breath test(UBT) vs endoscopy patients; and(2) the molecular detection of antibiotic resistance in stool vs biopsy samples.METHODS Six hundred and sixteen adult patients undergoing endoscopy or a UBT were prospectively recruited to the study. The Geno Type Helico DR assay was used to detect Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) and antibiotic resistance using biopsy and/or stool samples from CLOpositive endoscopy patients and stool samples from UBT-positive patients. RESULTS Infection rates were significantly higher in patients referred for a UBT than endoscopy(overall rates: 33% vs 19%; treatment-na?ve patients: 33% vs 14.7%, respectively). H. pylori-infected UBT patients were younger than H. pylori-infected endoscopy patients(41.4 vs 48.4 years, respectively, P < 0.005), with a higher percentage of H. pylori-infected males in the endoscopy-compared to the UBT-cohort(52.6% vs 33.3%, P = 0.03). The Geno Type Helico DR assay was more accurate at detecting H. pylori infection using biopsy samples than stool samples [98.2%(n = 54/55) vs 80.3%(n =53/66), P < 0.005]. Subset analysis using stool and biopsy samples from CLO-positive endoscopy patients revealed a higher detection rate ofresistance-associated mutations using stool samples compared to biopsies. The concordance rates between stool and biopsy samples for the detection of H. pylori DNA, clarithromycin and fluoroquinolone resistance were just 85%, 53% and 35%, respectively. CONCLUSION Differences between endoscopy and UBT patients provide a rationale for non-invasive detection of H. pylori antibiotic resistance. However, the Geno Type Helico DR assay is an unsuitable approach. | Denise E Brennan Joseph Omorogbe Mary Hussey Donal Tighe Grainne Holleran Colm O'Morain Sinéad M Smith Deirdre McNamara | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，41： | 6 |
| 4 | Decreased expression of hyperpolarisation-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 3 in Hirschsprung's disease显示文摘AIM: To determine if hyperpolarisation-activated nucleotide-gated(HCN) channels exist in human colon, and to investigate the expression of HCN channels in Hirschsprung's disease.METHODS:We investigated HCN1,HCN2,HCN3 and HCN4 protein expression in pull-through specimens from patients with Hirschsprung’s disease(HSCR,n=10)using the proximal-most ganglionic segment and distalmost aganglionic segment,as well as in healthy control specimens obtained at the time of sigmoid colostomy closure in children who had undergone anorectoplasty for imperforate anus(n=10).Fluorescent immunohistochemistry was performed to assess protein distribution,which was then visualized using confocal microscopy.RESULTS:No HCN1 channel expression was observed in any of the tissues studied.Both HCN2 and HCN4proteins were found to be equally expressed in the aganglionic and ganglionic bowel in HSCR and controls.HCN3 channel expression was found to be markedly decreased in the aganglionic colon vs ganglionic colon and controls.HCN2-4 channels were seen to be expressed within neurons of the myenteric and submucosal plexus of the ganglionic bowel and normal controls,and also co-localised to interstitial cells of Cajal in all tissues studied.CONCLUSION:We demonstrate HCN channel expression in human colon for the first time.Reduced HCN3expression in aganglionic bowel suggests its potential role in HSCR pathophysiology. | Anne Marie O’Donnell David Coyle Prem Puri | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，18： | 4 |
| 5 | 老年人处方遗漏筛查工具第2版(中文版)显示文摘近年来我国老年人口数量迅速增加,2013年老年人口突破2亿大关。老年人常伴有多种疾病且同时服用多种药物,容易出现药物相互作用和药物不良反应,所以老年人用药问题是医务人员关注的重点。老年人不适当用药问题主要包括两个方面:老年人需要避免使用的药物和老年人需要使用而未使用的药物。 | Denis O'Mahony David O'Sullivan Stephen Byrne Marie Noelle O'Connor Cristin Ryan Paul Gallagher 侯凯旋 邢晓璇 闫素英 | 2017 | 药物不良反应杂志2017，19，5： | 4 |
| 6 | 室外空气污染、早产和低出生体重:世界卫生组织孕产妇和围产期保健全球调查分析显示文摘[背景]吸入细颗粒物(颗粒物直径≤2.5μm,PM2.5)能诱发氧化应激和炎症反应,并有可能导致早产和其他不良的围产期结局。[目的]检测2004—2008年,世界卫生组织在全球22个国家中进行的孕产妇和围产期保健调查中,室外PM2.5是否与不良妊娠结局相关。[方法]以有新生儿出生的各医疗诊所周围50 km为半径的圆弧缓冲区计算室外PM2.5的长期均值(2001—2006年)。应用广义估计方程确定诊所的PM2.5水平与个体的早产和低出生体重之间的相关性,调整个人、诊所和国家水平的季节性因素及潜在的混杂因素。另外还对各国中的相关性进行了研究。[结果]在所有国家中,调整季节性因素后,PM2.5与早产无关联,但是与低出生体重相关[PM2.5的第四个四分位数段(〉20.2μg/m3)与第一个四分位数(〈6.3μg/m3)相比,比值比(OR)=1.22;95%CI:1.07-1.39]。中国是PM2.5测量值范围最大的国家,早产和低出生体重均仅与PM2.5的最高四分位数段相关,提示可能存在阈值效应(PM2.5≥36.5μg/m3与PM2.5〈12.5μg/m3相比,早产和低出生体重比值比分别为:OR=2.54;CI:1.42-4.55和OR=1.99;CI:1.06-3.72)。[结论]室外PM2.5浓度与低出生体重相关,但与早产不相关。在快速发展的国家中,例如中国,最高的空气污染水平可能与两个结局都相关。 | Nancy L.Fleischer Mario Merialdi Aaron van Donkelaar Felipe Vadillo-Ortega Randall V.Martin Ana Pilar Betran Jo?o Paulo Souza Marie S.O'Neill 王晓宇 汪源 金泰廙 | 2014 | 环境与职业医学2014，31，12： | 4 |
| 7 | Autophagy and the Integrated Stress Response显示文摘 | Guido Kroemer Guillermo Mari?o Beth Levine | 2010 | Molecular Cell2010，，2： | 3 |
| 8 | ARFI, FibroScan?, ELF, and their combinations in the assessment of liver fibrosis: A prospective study显示文摘 | Gonzalo Crespo Guillermo Fernández-Varo Zoe Mari?o Gregori Casals Rosa Miquel Stella M. Martínez Rosa Gilabert Xavier Forns Wladimiro Jiménez Miquel Navasa | 2012 | Journal of Hepatology2012，，2： | 3 |
| 9 | Phytoplankton functional groups as indicators of human impacts along the River Loire (France)显示文摘 | András Abonyi Maria Leit?o Anne Marie Lan?on Judit Padisák | 2012 | Hydrobiologia2012，，1： | 2 |
| 10 | Appropriateness of outpatient gastrointestinal endoscopy in a non-academic hospital显示文摘AIM:To assess the appropriate use and the diagnostic yield of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and colonoscopy in this subgroup of patients.METHODS:In total,789 consecutive outpatients referred for gastrointestinal(GI) endoscopy [381 for esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD) and 408 for colonoscopy] were prospectively enrolled in the study.The American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy(ASGE) guidelines were used to assess the relationship between appropriateness and the presence of relevant endoscopic f indings.RESULTS:The overall inappropriate rate was 13.3%.The indications for EGD and colonoscopy were,respectively,appropriate in 82.7% and 82.6% of the exams,uncertain in 5.8% and 2.4% and inappropriate in 11.5% and 15%.The diagnostic yield was signif icant higher forEGDs and colonoscopies judged appropriate and uncertain when compared with those considered inappropriate(EGD:36.6% vs 36.4% vs 11.4%,P = 0.004;Colonoscopy:24.3% vs 20.0% vs 3.3%,P = 0.001).Of the 25 malignant lesions detected,all but one was detected in exams judged appropriate or uncertain.CONCLUSION:This study shows a good adherence to ASGE guidelines by the referring physicians and a significant increase of the diagnostic yield in appropriate examinations,namely in detecting neoplastic lesions.It underscores the importance that the appropriateness of the indication assumes in assuring high-quality GI endoscopic procedures. | Joo Mangualde Marie I Cremers Ana M Vieira Ricardo Freire lia Gamito Cristina Lobato Ana L Alves Fátima Augusto Ana P Oliveira | 2011 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2011，3，10： | 2 |
| 11 | Natural History of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Tumors of the Pancreas: Actuarial Risk of Malignancy显示文摘 | Philippe Lévy Vincent Jouannaud Dermot O’Toole Anne Couvelard Marie Pierre Vullierme Laurent Palazzo Alain Aubert Philippe Ponsot Alain Sauvanet Frédérique Maire Olivia Hentic Pascal Hammel Philippe Ruszniewski | 2006 | Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology2006，，4： | 2 |
| 12 | Guidelines for the prevention of intravascular catheter-related infections显示文摘 | Naomi P. O’Grady Mary Alexander Lillian A. Burns E. Patchen Dellinger Jeffrey Garland Stephen O. Heard Pamela A. Lipsett Henry Masur Leonard A. Mermel Michele L. Pearson Issam I. Raad Adrienne G. Randolph Mark E. Rupp Sanjay Saint | 2011 | AJIC: American Journal of Infection Control2011，，4： | 2 |
| 13 | One-Year Clinical Results With the Slow-Release, Polymer-Based, Paclitaxel-Eluting TAXUS Stent: The TAXUS-IV Trial显示文摘 | Gregg W. Stone Stephen G. Ellis David A. Cox James Hermiller Charles O’Shaughnessy James Tift Mann Mark Turco Ronald Caputo Patrick Bergin Joel Greenberg Jeffrey J. Popma Mary E. Russell | 2004 | Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association2004，，16： | 2 |
| 14 | Effect of donor–recipient HLA matching at HLA A, B, C, and DRB1 on outcomes after umbilical-cord blood transplantation for leukaemia and myelodysplastic syndrome: a retrospective analysis显示文摘 | Mary Eapen John P Klein Guillermo F Sanz Stephen Spellman Annalisa Ruggeri Claudio Anasetti Maria Brown Richard E Champlin Joan Garcia-Lopez Gareth Hattersely Gesine Koegler Mary J Laughlin Gerard Michel Samir K Nabhan Franklin O Smith Mary M Horowitz Eli | 2011 | Lancet Oncology2011，，13： | 2 |
| 15 | Prognostic Significance of Myocardial Fibrosis in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy显示文摘 | Rory O’Hanlon Agata Grasso Michael Roughton James C. Moon Susan Clark Ricardo Wage Jessica Webb Meghana Kulkarni Dana Dawson Leena Sulaibeekh Badri Chandrasekaran Chiara Bucciarelli-Ducci Ferdinando Pasquale Martin R. Cowie William J. McKenna Mary N. Shep | 2010 | Journal of the American College of Cardiology2010，，11： | 2 |
| 16 | A prospective feasibility study of sub-millisievert abdominopelvic CT using iterative reconstruction in Crohn’s disease显示文摘 | Siobhan B O’Neill Patrick D Mc Laughlin Lee Crush Owen J O’Connor Sebastian R Mc Williams Orla Craig Anne Marie Mc Garrigle Fiona O’Neill Jackie Bye Max F. Ryan Fergus Shanahan Michael M Maher | 2013 | European Radiology2013，，： | 2 |
| 17 | Effect of intensive treatment of hyperglycaemia on microvascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes: an analysis of the ACCORD randomised trial显示文摘 | Faramarz Ismail-Beigi Timothy Craven Mary Ann Banerji Jan Basile Jorge Calles Robert M Cohen Robert Cuddihy William C Cushman Saul Genuth Richard H Grimm Bruce P Hamilton Byron Hoogwerf Diane Karl Lois Katz Armand Krikorian Patrick O'Connor Rodica Pop-Bus | 2010 | The Lancet2010，，9739： | 2 |
| 18 | Bone morphogenetic protein-2 and transforming growth factor-beta 2 interact to modulate human bone marrow stromal cell proliferation and differentiation显示文摘 | Fromigue O Marie P J Lomri A | 1998 | J Cell Biochem1998，68，： | 1 |
| 19 | Preferential Oxidation of Carbon Monoxide in the Presence of Hydrogen (PROX) over Noble Metals and Transition Metal Oxides: Advantages and Drawbacks显示文摘 | Nicolas Bion Florence Epron Máximo Moreno Fernando Mari?o Daniel Duprez | 2008 | Topics in Catalysis (-)2008，，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2008 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee显示文摘 | Wayne Rosamond Katherine Flegal Karen Furie Alan Go Kurt Greenlund Nancy Haase Susan M. Hailpern Michael Ho Virginia Howard Brett Kissela Steven Kittner Donald Lloyd-Jones Mary McDermott James Meigs Claudia Moy Graham Nichol Christopher O’Donnell Veroniqu | 2008 | Circulation2008，，4： | 1 |
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