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| 1 | Transforming growth factor-β and fibrosis显示文摘Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), a prototype of multifunctional cytokine, is a key regulator of extracellular matrix (ECM) assembly and remodeling. Specifically, TGF-β isoforms have the ability to induce the expression of ECM proteins in mesenchymal cells, and to stimulate the production of protease inhibitors that prevent enzymatic breakdown of the ECM. Elevated TGF-β expression in affected organs, and subsequent deregulation of TGF-β functions, correlates with the abnormal connective tissue deposition observed during the onset of fibrotic diseases. During the last few years, tremendous progress has been made in the understanding of the molecular aspects of intracellular signaling downstream of the TGF-β receptors. In particular, Smad proteins, TGF-β receptor kinase substrates that translocate into the cell nucleus to act as transcription factors, have been studied extensively. The role of Smad3 in the transcriptional regulation of typeⅠcollagen gene expression and in the development of fibrosis, demonstrated both in vitro and in animal models with a targeted deletion of Smad3, is of critical importance because it may lead to novel therapeutic strategies against these diseases. This review focuses on the mechanisms underlying Smad modulation of fi brillar collagen expression and how it relates to fi brotic processes. | Franck Verrecchia Alain Mauviel | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，22： | 113 |
| 2 | 空间句法在城市规划中应用的局限性及改善和扩展途径显示文摘空间句法是一种在建筑领域认可度比较高的定量研究方法。近来得到城市规划领域关注,并广泛应用于城市规划理论和实践的探索。然而国外地理学空间分析领域对空间句法理论方法在城市规划中的应用一直存在争议。但随着近年来理论自身的不断修正和其他学科的不断扩展,增强了空间句法理论方法在城市规划应用的适应性。现着重从地理空间分析的视角讨论空间句法在城市规划中应用的局限性,同时回顾空间句法方法自身的近期发展,以及地理空间分析领域对其方法的扩充和发展。 | 肖扬 Alain Chiaradia 宋小冬 | 2014 | 城市规划学刊2014，，5： | 84 |
| 3 | Clay minerals in surface sediments of the Pearl River drainage basin and their contribution to the South China Sea显示文摘Clay minerals have played a significant role in the study of the East Asian monsoon evolution in the South China Sea by being able to track oceanic current variations and to reveal contemporaneous pa- leoclimatic changes prevailing in continental source areas.As one of the most important rivers input- ting terrigenous matters to the northern South China Sea,the Pearl River was not previously paid at- tention to from the viewpoint of clay mineralogy.This paper presents a detailed study on clay minerals in surface sediments collected from the Pearl River drainage basin(including all three main channels, various branches,and the Lingdingyang in the estuary)by using the X-ray diffraction(XRD)method. The results indicate that the clay mineral assemblage consists dominantly of kaolinite(35%-65%), lesser abundance of chlorite(20%-35%)and illite(12%-42%),and very scare smectite occurrences (generally<5%).Their respective distribution does not present any obvious difference throughout the Pearl River drainage basin.However,downstream the Pearl River to the northern South China Sea,the clay mineral assemblage varies significantly:kaolinite decreases gradually,smectite and illite increase gradually.Additionally,illite chemistry index steps down and illite crystallinity steps up.These varia- tions indicate the contribution of major kaolinite,lesser illite and chlorite,and very scarce smectite to the northern South China Sea from the Pearl River drainage basin.The maximum contribution of clay minerals from the Pearl River is 72%to the northern margin and only 15%to the northern slope of the South China Sea.In both glacials and interglacials,kaolinite indicates that the ability of mechanical erosion occurred in the Pearl River drainage basin. | LIU ZhiFei Christophe COLIN HUANG Wei CHEN Zhong Alain TRENTESAUX CHEN JianFang | 2007 | Chinese Science Bulletin2007，52，8： | 33 |
| 4 | Nitrate Transport, Sensing, and Responses in Plants显示文摘氮(N) 是影响植物生长和开发的必要 macronutrient。N 是叶绿素,氨基酸, nucleic 酸,和第二等的代谢物的一个重要部件。硝酸盐是在土壤的最丰富的 N 来源之一。因为硝酸盐和其它 N 营养素经常正在限制,植物开发了复杂机制在可变环境保证营养素的足够的供应。硝酸盐全神贯注于根并且由硝酸盐 transporters 动员了到另外的机关。硝酸盐察觉到激活局部地并且在整个植物水平在分子、新陈代谢、生理、发展的回答之上侵犯的发信号的小径。与 genomics 技术和基因工具的来临,在我们硝酸盐和另外的 N 滋养的回答的理解的重要进展在过去的十年被完成了。而且,从单个种利用在分叉的个人在场的自然多型性的技术在揭开是必要的新部件。然而,仍然在我们硝酸盐发信号怎么在植物影响生物过程的理解有差距。而且,我们仍然缺乏识别的所有规章的因素怎么交往的一个综合看法或串音安排植物典型地展出的无数 N 回答。在这评论,我们提供由哪个硝酸盐全部被察觉到并且搬运植物的机制的更新的概述。我们讨论发信号的部件并且怎么在植物局部地并且全球性为发展回答与神经质的小径察觉到串音的硝酸盐。理解硝酸盐怎么在植物影响植物新陈代谢,生理学,和生长和开发对为持续农业改进庄稼关键。 | Jose A. O'Brien Andrea Vega Eleonore Bouguyon Gabriel Krouk Alain Gojon Gloria Coruzzi Rodrigo A. Gutierrez | 2016 | Molecular Plant2016，9，6： | 32 |
| 5 | Quaternary clay mineralogy in the northern South China Sea (ODP Site 1146) —— Implications for oceanic current transport and East Asian monsoon evolution显示文摘Measurement of clay mineralogy at ODP Site 1146 in the northern South China Sea (SCS) indicates that illite, chlorite, and kaolinite contents increased during glacials and smectite content increased during interglacials. The smectite/(illite+chlorite) ratio and the smectite abundance were determined as mineralogical indicators for the East Asian monsoon evolution. At a 10 ka timescale, prevailing southeasterly surface oceanic currents during interglacials transported more smectite from the south and east areas to the north, showing a strengthened summer monsoon circulation, whereas dominated counter-clockwise surface currents during glacials carried more illite and chlorite from Taiwan as well as from the Yangtze River via the Luzon Strait to the northern SCS, indicating a strongly intensified winter monsoon. Based on a 100 ka timescale, a linear correlation between the smectite/(illite+chlorite) ratio and the sedimentation rate reflects that the winter monsoon has prevailed in the northern SCS in the intervals 2000—1200 ka and 400—0 ka and the summer monsoon did the same in the interval 1200—400 ka. The evolution of the summer monsoon provides an almost linear response to the summer insolation of Northern Hemisphere, implying an astronomical forcing of the East Asian monsoon evolution. | 刘志飞 Alain Trentesaux Steven C.Clemens 汪品先 | 2003 | Science China Earth Sciences2003，46，12： | 23 |
| 6 | Neutrophil depletion-but not prevention of Kupffer cell activation-decreases the severity of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis显示文摘瞄准:为了决定嗜中性的弄空和 Kupffer 房间抑制是否可能联合,他们的 protective 完成尖锐胰腺炎的严厉到减少。方法:老鼠有 cerulein 管理导致尖锐胰腺炎并且是有任何一个反老鼠 neutrophil 浆液或金轧氯化物(GdCl3 ) 的 pretreated 阻止 Kupffer 房间激活,或两个处理。损害在胰和肺被估计。Myeloperoxidases (军邮局) 估计了嗜中性的渗入。Interleukin-6 (IL-6 ) 和 IL-10 在浆液,胰,肺和肝被测量。结果:在有尖锐胰腺炎的老鼠,嗜中性的弄空减少了胰腺炎和联系胰腺炎的肺损害的严厉。在由 GdCl3 的激活的 Kupffer 房间有更少的保护的效果,尽管 IL-6 和 IL-10 集中显著地被减少。嗜中性的弄空带的普雷茨氏疗法没被 Kupffer 房间在激活提高,两个处理没联合他们的保护的效果。结论:当 Kupffer 房间激活的角色是不太明显的时,我们的结果在在尖锐胰腺炎加重机关损害证实激活的 neutrophils 的角色。 | Catherine M Pastor Alain Vonlaufen Fabianna Georgi Antoine Hadengue Philippe Morel Jean-Louis Frossard | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，8： | 22 |
| 7 | 血游离脂肪酸水平对SD大鼠主动脉舒张功能的影响显示文摘目的 研究血游离脂肪酸 (FFA)水平升高是否可以导致内皮细胞依赖性血管舒张功能异常。方法 FFA组雄性SD大鼠采用脂肪乳 +肝素静脉输注 ,升高血FFA水平 2~ 4倍。对照组动物仅输入生理盐水。处死大鼠后取出主动脉置于器官浴槽中 ,通过张力转换器、放大器以及电子计算机记录主动脉环的张力 ,观察离体主动脉环对乙酰胆碱或硝普钠的舒张反应。结果 试验组对乙酰胆碱的舒张反应明显受损 ,而对硝普钠的舒张反应两组无差别。结论 血FFA水平升高可直接导致内皮细胞依赖性血管舒张反应受损 ,这可能是胰岛素抵抗患者大血管病变危险性高的因素之一。 | 余叶蓉 朱锦舒 吴永刚 Alain D Baron | 2002 | 中华内分泌代谢杂志2002，18，1： | 21 |
| 8 | Preparation and Properties of Cellulose Nanomaterials显示文摘Cellulose is the most abundant biomass material in nature and it is mainly extracted from natural or lignocellulosic fibers.After purification,cellulose fibers exhibit two interesting features for their further transformation into nanomaterials:a hierarchical and multi-level strcture,and a semicrystalline microstructure.Different forms of cellulose nanomaterials,resulting from a top-down deconstructing strategy(cellulose nanocrystals(CNCs),cellulose nanofibrils(CNFs))or bottom-up strategy(bacterial cellulose(BC))can be prepared.Multiple mechanical shearing actions applied to cellulosic fibers release more or less the nanofibrils individually.A controlled strong acid hydrolysis treatment can be applied to cellulosic fibers allowing dissolution of non-crystalline domains.Such cellulose nanomaterials have been the focus of an exponentially increasing number of works or reviews devoted to understand such materials and their applications.They have a high potential for an emerging industry.In the nanoscale,cellulose exhibits specific properties broadening the applications of this naturally occurring polymer.An overview of existing methods for the preparation of cellulose nanomaterials and their specific properties that outperform and contrast with cellulose in the microscale is proposed. | Alain Dufresne | 2020 | Paper And Biomaterials2020，5，3： | 19 |
| 9 | Cushing's ulcer in traumatic brain injury显示文摘 | Biteghe-bi-Nzeng Alain 王运杰 | 2008 | Chinese Journal of Traumatology2008，11，2： | 18 |
| 10 | SiC连续纤维增强钛基复合材料研究显示文摘采用SCS-6SiC连续纤维和箔-纤维-箔法制备SiC长纤维增强的TC4和Ti40基复合材料,研究复合材料的微观组织结构。结果表明:采用925℃的固化工艺制备长纤维SiC/TC4和SiC/Ti40复合材料是合适的;SiC/TC4和SiC/Ti40复合材料的界面反应层厚度分别为0.8μm和0.6μm,基体与纤维的界面结合良好;在SiC/Ti40复合材料两纤维间区域存在TiC析出物。 | 赵永庆 周廉 Alain Vassel | 2003 | 稀有金属材料与工程2003，32，3： | 17 |
| 11 | TP-650颗粒增强钛基复合材料的性能与组织特征显示文摘研究了TP-650颗粒增强钛基复合材料的性能与组织.结果表明复合材料的室温静拉伸强度随热处理温度的升高而增加.经炉冷处理TP-650棒材的室温拉伸强度比油冷或空冷处理的要高.TP-650的使用温度比传统高温钛合金IM1834,Ti-1100要高50℃~100℃.500℃以上,复合材料表现出良好的高温稳定性能.显微组织显示了TiC颗粒弥散分布,复合材料组织均匀,TiC和基体冶金结合,界面较小. | 毛小南 周廉 周义刚 Alain Vassel 张鹏省 于兰兰 | 2004 | 稀有金属材料与工程2004，33，6： | 16 |
| 12 | 法国的生态博物馆显示文摘 | 阿兰·茹贝尔(Alain Joubert) 张晋平(译) | 2005 | 中国博物馆2005，，3： | 16 |
| 13 | Inflammatory bowel disease and airway diseases显示文摘Airway diseases are the most commonly described lung manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD). However,the similarities in disease pathogenesis and the sharing of important environmental risk factors and genetic susceptibility suggest that there is a complex interplay between IBD and airway diseases. Recent evidence of IBD occurrence among patients with airway diseases and the higher than estimated prevalence of subclinical airway injuries among IBD patients support the hypothesis of a two-way association. Future research efforts should be directed toward further exploration of this association,as airway diseases are highly prevalent conditions with a substantial public health impact. | Maria Vutcovici Paul Brassard Alain Bitton | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，34： | 15 |
| 14 | Antisense MMP-9 RNA inhibits malignant glioma cell growth in vitro and in vivo显示文摘The matrix-degrading metalloproteinases (MMPs), particularly MMP-9, play important roles in the pathogenesis and development of malignant gliomas. In the present study, the oncogenic role of MMP-9 in malignant glioma cells was investigated via antisense RNA blockade in vitro and in vivo. TJ905 malignant glioma cells were transfected with pcDNA3.0 vector expressing antisense MMP-9 RNA (pcDNA-AS-MMP9), which significantly decreased MMP-9 expression, and cell proliferation was assessed. For in vivo studies, U251 cells, a human malignant glioma cell line, were implanted subcutaneously into 4-to 6-week-old BALB/c nude mice. The mice bearing well-established U251 gliomas were treated with intratumoral pcDNA-AS-MMP9-Lipofectamine complex (AS-MMP-9-treated group), subcutaneous injection of endostatin (endostatin-treated group), or both (combined therapy group). Mice treated with pcDNA (empty vector)-Lipofectamine served as the control group. Four or eight weeks later, the volume and weight of tumor, MMP-9 expression, microvessel density and proliferative activity were assayed. We demonstrate that pcDNA-AS-MMP9 significantly decreased MMP-9 expression and inhibited glioma cell proliferation. Volume and weight of tumor, MMP-9 expression, microvessel density and proliferative activity in the antisense-MMP-9-treated and therapeutic alliance groups were significantly lower than those in the control group. The results suggest that MMP-9 not only promotes malignant glioma cell invasiveness, but also affects tumor cell proliferation. Blocking the expression of MMP-9 with antisense RNA substantially suppresses the malignant phenotype of glioma cells, and thus can be used as an effective therapeutic strategy for malignant gliomas. | Cuiyun Sun Qian Wang Hongxu Zhou Shizhu Yu Alain R. Simard Chunsheng Kang Yanyan Li Yanling Kong Tongling An Yanjun Wen Fudong Shi Junwei Hao | 2013 | Neuroscience Bulletin2013，29，1： | 14 |
| 15 | 胰岛素对游离脂肪酸所致大鼠内皮依赖性血管舒张功能损害的影响显示文摘目的 探讨游离脂肪酸 (FFA)是否可独立直接地导致内皮细胞功能异常以及增强胰岛素作用 ,能否缓解FFA所致的内皮功能异常。方法 将SD雄性大鼠 2 9只 ,分为 4组。对照组大鼠 5只经颈静脉插管输入生理盐水 ;FFA组 9只采用脂肪乳 +肝素静脉输注 ,升高血FFA水平 2~ 4倍 ;Ins组 5只用正常血糖高胰岛素钳夹技术输入短效胰岛素 ;FFA +Ins组 10只 ,在脂肪乳 +肝素静脉输注的同时用胰岛素钳夹技术输入胰岛素。输液结束后处死动物 ,取出主动脉置于器官池中 ,通过力转换器、放大器以及电子计算机记录主动脉环的张力 ,观察离体主动脉环对乙酰胆碱或硝普钠的舒张反应。结果 对照组及Ins组内皮依赖性血管舒张功能 (EDV)良好 ,FFA组EDV明显受损 ,FFA +Ins组EDV介于对照组与FFA组之间。各组动物非内皮依赖性血管舒张功能无明显差别。结论 由于循环中FFA水平升高可直接导致内皮细胞功能异常 ,因此推测FFA具有致动脉粥样硬化的作用 ,而升高血中胰岛素浓度有助于部分缓解FFA所致的内皮依赖性血管舒张功能异常。 | 余叶蓉 Zhu Jinsu Wu Yonggang Alain D.Baron | 2002 | 中华医学杂志2002，82，6： | 13 |
| 16 | Normal and abnormal spine and thoracic cage development显示文摘Development of the spine and thoracic cage consists of a complex series of events involving multiple metabolic processes, genes and signaling pathways. During growth, complex phenomena occur in rapid succession. This succession of events, this establishment of elements, is programmed according to a hierarchy. These events are well synchronized to maintain harmonious limb, spine and thoracic cage relationships, as growth in the various body segments does not occur simultaneously at the same magnitude or rate. In most severe cases of untreated progressive earlyonset spinal deformities, respiratory insufficiency and pulmonary and cardiac hypertension(cor pulmonale), which characterize thoracic insufficiency syndrome(TIS), can develop, sometimes leading to death. TIS is the inability of the thorax to ensure normal breathing. This clinical condition can be linked to costo-vertebral malformations(e.g., fused ribs, hemivertebrae, congenital bars), neuromuscular diseases(e.g., expiratory congenital hypotonia), Jeune or Jarcho-Levin syndromes or to 50% to 75% fusion of the thoracic spine before seven years of age. Complex spinal deformities alter normal growth plate development, and vertebral bodies become progressively distorted, perpetuating the disorder. Therefore, many scoliotic deformities can become growth plate disorders over time. This review aims to provide a comprehensive review of how spinal deformities can affect normal spine and thoracic cage growth. Previous conceptualizations are integrated with more recent scientific data to provide a better understanding of both normal and abnormal spine and thoracic cage growth. | Federico Canavese Alain Dimeglio | 2013 | World Journal of Orthopedics2013，4，4： | 12 |
| 17 | 氯化咪唑基离子液体对柴油中含氮化合物选择性脱除作用研究显示文摘通过N-甲基咪唑和烷基氯的季铵化反应合成出了咪唑环N上烷基取代基碳链长度或者饱和度不同的4种离子液体:氯化1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑(BMImCl)、氯化1-烯丙基-3-甲基咪唑(AlMImCl)、氯化1-苯甲基-3-甲基咪唑(BzMImCl)和氯化-1-辛基-3-甲基咪唑(OcMImCl)。以含咔唑(CAR)和二苯并噻吩(DBT)的甲苯-正十二烷烃溶液作为模拟柴油,测定CAR和DBT在这些离子液体中的相对分配系数,考察了离子液体对氮和硫化物的萃取脱除选择性。结果表明,在这些离子液体中CAR比DBT有更高的分配系数;4种离子液体比较,BMImCl和AlMImCl对CAR的分配系数分别达46和14,对氮和硫化合物的萃取脱除选择性SN/S分别达到125和38。测定了离子液体在模拟柴油的溶解度,发现这4种离子液体在甲苯和正十二烷烃模拟柴油中的溶解度有显著的差别,其中BMImCl和AlMImCl的溶解度相当且都很小。综合结果显示BMImCl具有最佳性能。实验还比较了BMImCl对不同碱性氮杂环化合物的萃取效果,发现其对含硫化合物和碱性含氮化合物的萃取效率随着模拟柴油中甲苯的质量分数的增加而降低,而对中性含氮化合物表现出高萃取效率,且几乎不受甲苯质量分数的影响。对一种含有361 mg·kg-1N和3598 mg·kg-1S的工业柴油,BMImCl对其对中性含氮化合物的萃取效率达到38%,而对相对含量高约十倍的含硫化合物的萃取率仅约有1.7%。综合上述结果表明,氯化1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑盐离子液体对柴油中的中性含氮化合物具有高选择性脱除作用。 | 谢莉莉 陈旬 王绪绪 付贤智 Alain Favre-Reguillon Stephane Pellet-Rostaing Marc Lemaire | 2008 | 无机化学学报2008，24，6： | 12 |
| 18 | 源于近端股骨间充质干细胞免疫抑制作用的研究显示文摘目的探讨源于成人近端股骨的间充质干细胞(MSC)是否具有免疫抑制功能,为临床移植物抗宿主病的防治寻找理想的细胞储备库。方法从全髋关节置换术患者的近端股骨中分离并培养MSC,将不同数量的细胞直接或以Transwell法加入混合淋巴细胞反应(MLR)中,检测MSC对外周血淋巴细胞(PBL)增殖水平的影响。以ELISA法及抗体中和法探讨细胞因子TGFβ1在MSC免疫调节中的作用。结果3×103、1×104、3×104、1×105个源于近端股骨的MSC对PBL增殖的抑制率分别为62%±18%、38%±4%、31%±16%、28%±12%,与采自髂骨骨髓穿刺物MSC的抑制作用相比差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05),后者对PBL的增殖抑制率为58%±12%、37%±8%、28%±6%、27%±6%;以0.2μm的微孔膜对MSC与MLR进行分隔,3×104及1×104个MSC对PBL的增殖抑制率为36%±8%和53%±12%;在ELISA实验中,MSC单独培养,MSC与MLR直接接触,或经Transwell共培养的这3种上清中转化生长因子(TGF)β1的表达水平差异无统计学意义,加入浓度递增的TGFβ1抗体不能逆转MSC对PBL增殖的抑制作用。结论源于近端股骨的MSC具有一定的免疫抑制功能,除TGFβ1外其他可溶性因子可能介导这一作用。 | 张翼鷟 Loic Fouillard Alain Chapel Morad Bensidhoum Christelle Mazurier Aish Nasef Sandrine Bouchet Manuel Lopez Dominique Thierry Norbert Cclaucle Gorin 达万明 | 2005 | 中华医学杂志2005，85，39： | 11 |
| 19 | 小麦入磨水分和硬度对研磨特性的影响显示文摘在间歇式实验制粉系统上研究了硬度和水分调节对小麦研磨特性的影响。皮磨系统对入磨水分的变化敏感 ,随着水分的增加 ,小粒度麦渣心的提取率基本保持不变 ,而大粒度麦渣心的提取率显著降低 ;皮磨系统面粉出率增加 ,面粉灰分也降低 ;细麸皮的出率基本保持不变 ,而粗麸皮的出率显著增加。用硬麦获得的麦渣、麦心的数量显著高于软麦的 ,特别是大粒度麦渣心的数量 ,小粒度麦渣心的数量基本一样 ;硬麦在皮磨系统面粉的出率低于软麦 ,而总出粉率高于软麦 ;硬麦的细麸皮和次粉的出率和软麦基本一致 ,而粗麸皮的出率显著低于软麦。水分调节和硬度对小麦研磨特性的影响相似。 | 赵仁勇 Alain Cretois | 2003 | 中国粮油学报2003，18，2： | 10 |
| 20 | 聚合物乳液的粒径及粒径分布对乳液粘度及固体含量的影响显示文摘合成了4种粒径分别为75nm、135nm、340nm和477nm的单分散乳液。研究了上述单分散乳液以及它们的共混物的流变行为,并与合成的多分散乳液进行比较。实验结果表明:对多分散的聚合物乳液,当大粒子的质量分数为80%时,聚合物粒子的堆砌密度最大,固体含量最高,乳液粘度最小; | 储富祥 Alain GUYOT | 1999 | 涂料工业1999，29，5： | 10 |
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