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| 1 | 成人在线学习自我效能感量表编制及测量显示文摘互联网时代,在线学习方式的应用会越来越普遍。学习者的自我效能感既是学习者对学习效果的自我评估,又是学习者进一步学习的动力,因此,研究在线学习的自我效能感因素及编制在线学习的自我效能感量表很有必要。目前,已有的自我效能感量表局限于在校生面授学习、在校生在线学习及成人面授学习三种方式,而成人在线学习的自我效能感量表还缺乏相关研究。为此,通过采用网络问卷方法针对成人在线学习进行数据收集,并应用探究式分析方法进行因子分析,采用信度检验与效度检验,最终得到成人在线学习自我效能感量表是由学习能力、学习意志、学习技术三个维度、23个题项组成。基于不同的背景变量,应用本量表测量我国成人在线学习的自我效能感发现,性别、学历、收入对成人在线学习自我效能感有显著影响,而年龄、地区、职业、职位对成人在线学习自我效能感没有显著影响。 | Jessica Li 王辞晓 吴峰 | 2015 | 远程教育杂志2015，33，6： | 42 |
| 2 | 英国农业面源污染防控对我国的启示显示文摘当前,世界范围内正面临着粮食增产与维护和改善农业生态环境质量的挑战,治理面源污染是其中的重要内容。通过对英国面源污染治理的防治技术、技术推广体系和相关政策措施方面的系统整理和分析,就我国相应工作提出建议和对策。结合我国当前一控两减三基本的农业资源和环境对策,今后应主要通过源头控制和过程拦截两种手段,注重化肥的减量优化以及有机无机配合使用,强调土地利用管理、农业结构调整以及种养结合,开发和实施符合各地实际情况的面源污染防控技术和措施。发挥非政府形式技术服务体系在面源污染防控中的重要作用,利用政府补贴、生态补偿等经济手段鼓励农户和农业企业主动防控氮磷物质的损失和对水土系统的污染。相关技术文件和规定应更加具体、明确、具有更好的操作性,依托现代信息手段等进行面源污染数据的收集、传输和分析,并在政策制定过程中统筹考虑。将面源污染纳入国家经济和社会发展的总体规划,与产业优化、经济发展指标完善等宏观政策统一,逐步提升生态文明的建设质量,促进我国社会和经济的可持续发展。 | 刘坤 任天志 吴文良 孟凡乔 Jessica Bellarby Laurence Smith | 2016 | 农业环境科学学报2016，35，5： | 34 |
| 3 | Distribution of high-risk human papillomavirus genotype prevalence and attribution to cervical precancerous lesions in rural North China显示文摘Objective: Precise prevention is more desired for cervical cancer due to the huge population, high prevalence of human papillomavirus(HPV) infection in China and the vision of screen-and-treat strategies in low-and middleincome countries(LMICs). Considerations of combining type-specific prevalence and attribution proportion to high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia are informative to more precise and effective region-specific cervical cancer prevention and control programs. The aim of the current study was to determine the genotype distribution of HPV and attribution to cervical precancerous lesions among women from rural areas in North China.Methods: A total of 9,526 women participated in the cervical cancer screening project in rural China. The samples of women who tested positive for HPV were retested with a polymerase chain reaction(PCR)-based HPV genotyping test. The attribution proportion of specific high-risk human papillomavirus(HR-HPV) types for different grades of cervical lesions was calculated by using the type contribution weighting method.Results: A total of 22.2%(2,112/9,526) of women were HR-HPV positive and HPV52(21.7%) was the most common HR-HPV genotype, followed by HPV58(18.2%), HPV53(18.2%) and HPV16(16.2%). The top three genotypes detected in HR-HPV-positive cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN)1 were HPV16(36.7%), HPV58(20.4%), HPV56(15.3%). Among CIN2+, the most frequent genotypes were HPV16(75.6%), HPV52(17.8%),HPV58(16.7%). HPV16, 56, 58, 53, 52, 59, 68, and 18 combined were attributed to 84.17% of all CIN1 lesions,and HPV16, 58, and 52 combined were attributed to 86.98% of all CIN2+ lesions.Conclusions: The prevalence of HR-HPV infection among women from rural areas in North China was high and HPV16, HPV58, HPV52 had paramount attributable fraction in CIN2+. Type-specific HPV prevalence and attribution proportion to cervical precancerous lesions should be taken into consideration in the development of vaccines and strategy for screening in this population. | Shuang Zhao Xuelian Zhao Shangying Hu Jessica Lu Xianzhi Duan Xun Zhang Feng Chen Fanghui Zhao | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Cancer Research2019，31，4： | 30 |
| 4 | Epinephrine injection therapy versus a combination of epinepnrine injection and endoscopic hemoclip in the treatment of bleeding ulcers显示文摘AIM: To assess the efficacy of hemoclip application in combination with epinephrine injection in the treatment of bleeding peptic ulcers and to compare the clinical outcomes between patients treated with such a combination therapy and those treated with epinephrine injection alone.METHODS: A total of 293 patients (211 males, 82females) underwent endoscopic therapy for bleeding peptic ulcers. Of these, 202 patients (152 males, 50females) received epinephrine injection therapy while 91patients (59 males, 32 females) received combination therapy. The choice of endoscopic therapy was made by the endoscopist. Hemostatic rates, rebleeding rates, need for emergency surgery and 30-d mortality were the outcome measures studied.RESULTS: Patients who received combination therapy were significantly older (mean age 66±16 years, range24-90 years) and more suffered from chronic renal failure compared to those who received epinephrine injection therapy alone (mean age 61±17 years, range 21-89 years).Failure to achieve permanent hemostasis was 4% in the group who received epinephrine injection alone and 11%in the group who received combination therapy. When the differences in age and renal function between the two treatment groups were taken into account by multivariate analysis, the rates of initial hemostasis,rebleeding rates, need for surgery and 30-d mortality for both treatment options were not significantly different.CONCLUSION: Combination therapy of epinephrine injection with endoscopic hemoclip application is an effective method of achieving hemostasis in bleeding peptic ulcer diseases. However, superiority of combination therapy over epinephrine injection alone, could not be demonstrated. | Tju-Siang Chua Kwong-Ming Fock Tay-Meng Ng Eng-Kiong Teo Jessica Yi-Lyn Tan Tiing-Leong Ang | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，7： | 27 |
| 5 | 桑枝总黄酮的抗氧化活性研究显示文摘目的研究桑枝总黄酮于无细胞系统中的直接抗氧化活性和干预细胞后的体外抗氧化活性。方法桑枝总黄酮经提取和D101大孔树脂纯化后获得,并用紫外分光光度法测定。采用DPPH法、ABTS法和FRAP法分析桑枝总黄酮的直接抗氧化活性且用trolox做阳性对照;采用ABTS法、FRAP法和Griess法分别测定桑枝总黄酮干预AngII诱导内皮细胞模型和LPS协同IFN-γ诱导巨噬细胞模型中的抗氧化活性。结果桑枝总黄酮于100μg/mL剂量对ABTS自由基清除能力>对DPPH自由基清除能力>对铁离子的还原能力;在AngII诱导内皮细胞ECV304模型中显示清除ABTS自由基的能力,且强于对铁离子的还原能力;同时能显著降低LPS协同IFN-γ诱导巨噬细胞中亚硝酸盐的量。结论桑枝总黄酮于体外直接测定或干预细胞后均显示具有抗氧化活性。 | 章丹丹 高月红 Jessica Tao Li 潘一峰 卞卡 | 2011 | 中成药2011，33，6： | 27 |
| 6 | Microglia regulation of synaptic plasticity and learning and memory显示文摘Microglia are the resident macrophages of the central nervous system.Microglia possess varied morphologies and functions.Under normal physiological conditions,microglia mainly exist in a resting state and constantly monitor their microenvironment and survey neuronal and synaptic activity.Through the C1 q,C3 and CR3'Eat Me'and CD47 and SIRPα'Don't Eat Me'complement pathways,as well as other pathways such as CX3 CR1 signaling,resting microglia regulate synaptic pruning,a process crucial for the promotion of synapse formation and the regulation of neuronal activity and synaptic plasticity.By mediating synaptic pruning,resting microglia play an important role in the regulation of experience-dependent plasticity in the barrel cortex and visual cortex after whisker removal or monocular deprivation,and also in the regulation of learning and memory,including the modulation of memory strength,forgetfulness,and memory quality.As a response to brain injury,infection or neuroinflammation,microglia become activated and increase in number.Activated microglia change to an amoeboid shape,migrate to sites of inflammation and secrete proteins such as cytokines,chemokines and reactive oxygen species.These molecules released by microglia can lead to synaptic plasticity and learning and memory deficits associated with aging,Alzheimer's disease,traumatic brain injury,HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder,and other neurological or mental disorders such as autism,depression and post-traumatic stress disorder.With a focus mainly on recently published literature,here we reviewed the studies investigating the role of resting microglia in synaptic plasticity and learning and memory,as well as how activated microglia modulate disease-related plasticity and learning and memory deficits.By summarizing the function of microglia in these processes,we aim to provide an overview of microglia regulation of synaptic plasticity and learning and memory,and to discuss the possibility of microglia manipulation as a therapeutic to ameliorate cognitive deficits associated with aging,Alzheimer's disease,traumatic brain injury,HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder,and mental disorders. | Jessica Cornell Shelbi Salinas Hou-Yuan Huang Miou Zhou | 2022 | Neural Regeneration Research2022，17，4： | 26 |
| 7 | Colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease:What is the real magnitude of the risk?显示文摘The association between inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) and colorectal cancer(CRC) has been recognised since 1925 and still accounts for 10%-15% of deaths in IBD.IBD-associated CRC(IBD-CRC) affects patients at a younger age than sporadic CRC.The prognosis for sporadic CRC and IBD-CRC is similar,with a 5-year survival of approximately 50%.Identifying at risk patients and implementing appropriate surveillance for these patients is central to managing the CRC risk in IBD.The increased risk of colorectal cancer in association with IBD is thought to be due to genetic and acquired factors.The link between inflammation and cancer is well recognised but the molecular biology,immune pathobiology and genetics of IBD-CRC are areas of much ongoing research.This review examines the literature relating to IBD-CRC,focusing on the incidence of IBD-CRC and examining potential risk factors including age at diagnosis,gender,duration and extent of colitis,severity of inflammation,family history of sporadic CRC and co-existent primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC).Confirmed risk factors for IBD-CRC are duration,severity and extent of colitis,the presence of co-existent PSC and a family history of CRC.There is insufficient evidence currently to support an increased frequency of surveillance for patients diagnosed with IBD at a younger age.Evidence-based guidelines advise surveillance colonoscopy for patients with colitis 8 to 10 years after diagnosis,with the interval for further surveillance guided by risk factors(extent of disease,family history of CRC,post-inflammatory polyps,concomitant PSC,personal history of colonic dysplasia,colonic strictures).There is a move away from using random colonic biopsies towards targeted biopsies aimed at abnormal areas identified by newer colonoscopic techniques(narrow band imaging,chromoendoscopy,confocal microendoscopy). | Jessica K Dyson Matthew D Rutter | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，29： | 22 |
| 8 | Current knowledge on diabetic retinopathy from human donor tissues显示文摘According to the American Diabetes Association,diabetes was the seventh leading cause of death,and diabetic retinopathy the leading cause of blindness in working age adults in the United States in 2010.Diabetes is characterized by hyperglycemia associated with either hypoinsulinemia or insulin resistance,and over time,this chronic metabolic condition may lead to various complications including kidney failure,heart attacks,and retinal degeneration.In order to better understand the molecular basis of this disease and its complications,animal models have been the primary approach used to investigate the effects of diabetes on various tissues or cell types of the body,including the retina.However,inherent to these animal models are critical limitations that make the insight gained from these models challenging to apply to the human pathology.These difficulties in translating the knowledge obtained from animal studies have led a growing number of research groups to explore the diabetes complications,especially diabetic retinopathy,on tissues from human donors.This review summarizes the data collected from diabetic patients at various stages of diabetic retinopathy and classifies the data based upon their relevance to the main aspects of diabetic retinopathy:retinal vasculature dysfunction,inflammation,and neurodegeneration.This review discusses the importance of those studies to discriminate and establish the relevance of the findings obtained from animal models but also the limitations of such approaches. | Jessica H Eisma Jennifer E Dulle Patrice E Fort | 2015 | World Journal of Diabetes2015，6，2： | 19 |
| 9 | Climate Change’s Role in Disaster Risk Reduction’s Future:Beyond Vulnerability and Resilience显示文摘A seminal policy year for development and sustainability occurs in 2015 due to three parallel processes that seek long-term agreements for climate change, the Sustainable Development Goals, and disaster risk reduction.Little reason exists to separate them, since all three examine and aim to deal with many similar processes, including vulnerability and resilience. This article uses vulnerability and resilience to explore the intersections and overlaps amongst climate change, disaster risk reduction, and sustainability. Critiquing concepts such as 'return to normal'and 'double exposure'demonstrate how separating climate change from wider contexts is counterproductive. Climate change is one contributor to disaster risk and one creeping environmental change amongst many, and not necessarily the most prominent or fundamental contributor. Yet climate change has become politically important, yielding an opportunity to highlight and tackle the deep-rooted vulnerability processes that cause 'multiple exposure'to multiple threats. To enhance resilience processes that deal with the challenges, a prudent place for climate changewould be as a subset within disaster risk reduction. Climate change adaptation therefore becomes one of many processes within disaster risk reduction. In turn, disaster risk reduction should sit within development and sustainability to avoid isolation from topics wider than disaster risk. Integration of the topics in this way moves beyond expressions of vulnerability and resilience towards a vision of disaster risk reduction’s future that ends tribalism and separation in order to work together to achieve common goals for humanity. | Ilan Kelman JC Gaillard Jessica Mercer | 2015 | International Journal of Disaster Risk Science2015，6，1： | 19 |
| 10 | Circadian rhythms in liver metabolism and disease显示文摘Mounting research evidence demonstrates a significant negative impact of circadian disruption on human health. Shift work, chronic jet lag and sleep disturbances are associated with increased incidence of metabolic syndrome, and consequently result in obesity, type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia.Here, these associations are reviewed with respect to liver metabolism and disease. | Jessica M.Ferrell John Y.L.Chiang | 2015 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2015，5，2： | 18 |
| 11 | Overview of HIV drug resistance and its implications for China显示文摘 | Maria Au Jessica Haberer | 2006 | Chinese Medical Journal2006，，23： | 15 |
| 12 | Effect of precut sphincterotomy on post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis:A systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘AIM:To conduct a systemic review and meta-analysis to investigate the role of early precut technique.Multiple randomized controlled trails(RCTs)have reported conflicting results of the early precut sphincterotomy.METHODS:MEDLINE/PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Database of Systematic Reviews,and recent abstracts from major conference proceedings were searched(June 2013).Randomized and non-randomized studies comparing early precut technique with prolonged standard methods were included.Pooled estimates of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)pancreatitis(PEP),cannulation and adverse events were analyzed by using odds ratio(OR).Random and fixed effects models were used as appropriate.Publication bias was assessed by funnel plots.Heterogeneity among studies was assessed by calculating I2 measure of inconsistency.RESULTS:Seven randomized and seven non-randomized trials met inclusion criteria.Meta-analysis of RCTs showed a decrease trend for PEP with early precut sphincterotomy but was not statistically significant(OR=0.58;95%CI:0.32-1.05;P=0.07).No heterogeneity was noted among the studies with I2 of 0%.CONCLUSION:Early precut technique for common bile duct cannulation decreases the trend of post-ERCP pancreatitis. | Abhishek Choudhary Jessica Winn Sameer Siddique Murtaza Arif Zainab Arif Ghassan M Hammoud Srinivas R Puli Jamal A Ibdah Matthew L Bechtold | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，14： | 13 |
| 13 | A comparison of the clinical, demographic and psychiatric profiles among patients with erosive and non-erosive reflux disease in a multi-ethnic Asian country显示文摘AIM: To examine the clinical spectrum of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and compare erosive (ERD) with non-erosive (NERD) in terms of clinical, demographic and psychiatric profiles.METHODS: Patients with reflux symptoms were enrolled and stratified to NERD and ERD after endoscopy (LA classification). Patients with ERD presenting with dyspepsia were included. Patients on proton pump inhibitors (PPI) or H2 receptor antagonists before endoscopy were excluded.Demographic data, Helicobacter pylori (H pylon) status and presence of minor psychiatric morbidity (based on General Health Questionnaire-28) were analyzed. RESULTS: Among 690 patients screened, 533 were eligible for analysis (male to female ratio: 3:2; Chinese: 75.4%; Malay: 9.8%; Indian: 14.8%). Clinical spectrum of GERD: N: 40.5%; A: 46%; B: 9.2%; C: 2.1%; D: 0.6%; Barrett's esophagus: 1.7%. Compared to patients with NERD, patients with ERD were significantly older (45 vs 39.4 years), more likely to be male (64.4% vs 53.7%),tended to smoke (19.6% vs 9.7%), less likely to haveminor psychiatric morbidity (26.4 vs 46.7%) and were more likely to respond to PPI (79.7 vs66.8%). There wasalso a trend towards a higher BMI (24.5 vs 23.5). Race,alcohol consumption and H pylori status were not significant.On multivariate analysis, age and presence of minor psychiatric morbidity remained with significant differences. CONCLUSION: The majority of patients who have typical symptoms of GERD have NERD or mild erosive reflux disease. Compared to patients with erosive reflux disease, patients with NERD were younger and had a higher prevalence of minor psychiatric morbidity. | Tiing-Leong Ang Kwong-Ming Fock Tay-Meng Ng Eng-Kiong Teo Tju-Siang Chua Jessica Tan | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，23： | 12 |
| 14 | 利用回交导入系剖析水稻苗期和分蘖期耐盐性的遗传重叠显示文摘以籼稻品种IR64为受体,来自伊朗的粳稻农家品种Binam为供体培育的99个BC2F8回交导入系为材料,定位了水稻在2叶1心期和分蘖期控制耐盐相关性状的数量性状基因座(QTL).共检测到影响苗期叶片盐害级别、幼苗存活天数和地上部钾、钠离子浓度的QTL13个,影响分蘖期株高、分蘖数和地上部鲜重的QTL22个.多数分蘖期QTL对盐胁迫表现出明显的表达差异,根据表达情况将这些QTL分成3组,第1组为在对照条件下表达的11个QTL;第2组为在对照和盐胁迫条件下共同表达的5个QTL,其中有3个(QPh5,QPh8,QTn9)在两种环境下的基因效应大小和方向一致,其表达受盐胁迫影响较小;第3组为受盐胁迫诱导表达的6个QTL.检测到13个影响胁迫与对照差值即性状稳定性的QTL,除QPh4,QTn2和QFw2a外,其余10个基因座增加性状稳定性或提高耐盐性的等位基因均来自Binam.上述受盐胁迫影响较小的3个QTL和影响性状稳定性的13个QTL对耐盐性有贡献,属耐盐QTL.比较苗期和分蘖期耐盐QTL的分布,发现多数(69%)影响苗期和分蘖期的耐盐QTL在遗传上相互独立,仅在第1,2,8和11染色体的4个相同或相邻区域定位到影响两个时期的耐盐QTL,表明苗期和分蘖期的耐盐性存在部分的遗传重叠.通过标记辅助选择将苗期和分蘖期的重要耐盐QTL进行累加,或针对苗期和分蘖期的重叠耐盐QTL进行选择,有可能培育出苗期和分蘖期均耐盐的水稻品种. | 藏金萍 孙勇 王韵 杨静 李芳 周永力 朱苓华 REYS Jessica FOTOKIAN Mohammadhosein 徐建龙 黎志康 | 2008 | 中国科学(C辑)2008，38，9： | 11 |
| 15 | 主要发达国家空间规划体系的经验与启示显示文摘从生存主导的农业空间开发、生活主导的工业空间利用到品质导向的生态空间保护,是各国社会经济发展过程中,国土空间变化的共同规律。通常城市化水平到50%以后,国土空间问题凸显,空间规划继土地利用规划、城市与区域规划之后产生,并逐步形成国家空间规划体系。 | 蔡玉梅 Jessica A Gordon 谢秀珍 | 2018 | 中国土地2018，，5： | 10 |
| 16 | Gastrointestinal complications of diabetes mellitus显示文摘Diabetes mellitus affects virtually every organ system in the body and the degree of organ involvement depends on the duration and severity of the disease,and other co-morbidities.Gastrointestinal(GI) involvement can present with esophageal dysmotility,gastro-esophageal reflux disease(GERD),gastroparesis,enteropathy,non alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) and glycogenic hepatopathy.Severity of GERD is inversely related to glycemic control and management is with prokinetics and proton pump inhibitors.Diabetic gastroparesis manifests as early satiety,bloating,vomiting,abdominal pain and erratic glycemic control.Gastric emptying scintigraphy is considered the gold standard test for diagnosis.Management includes dietary modifications,maintaining euglycemia,prokinetics,endoscopic and surgical treatments.Diabetic enteropathy is also common and management involves glycemic control and symptomatic measures.NAFLD is considered a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome and treatment ismainly lifestyle measures,with diabetes and dyslipidemia management when coexistent.Glycogenic hepatopathy is a manifestation of poorly controlled type 1 diabetes and is managed by prompt insulin treatment.Though GI complications of diabetes are relatively common,awareness about its manifestations and treatment options are low among physicians.Optimal management of GI complications is important for appropriate metabolic control of diabetes and improvement in quality of life of the patient.This review is an update on the GI complications of diabetes,their pathophysiology,diagnostic evaluation and management. | Babu Krishnan Shithu Babu Jessica Walker Adrian B Walker Joseph M Pappachan | 2013 | World Journal of Diabetes2013，4，3： | 10 |
| 17 | New advances in molecular mechanisms and emerging therapeutic targets in alcoholic liver diseases显示文摘Alcoholic liver disease is a major health problem in the United States and worldwide. Chronic alcohol consumption can cause steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis, cirrhosis and even liver cancer. Significant progress has been made to understand key events and molecular players for the onset and progression of alcoholic liver disease from both experimental and clinical alcohol studies. No successful treatments are currently available for treating alcoholic liver disease; therefore, development of novel pathophysiological-targeted therapies is urgently needed. This review summarizes the recent progress on animal models used to study alcoholic liver disease and the detrimental factors that contribute to alcoholic liver disease pathogenesis including miRNAs, S-adenosylmethionine, Zinc deficiency, cytosolic lipin-1β, IRF3-mediated apoptosis, RIP3-mediated necrosis and hepcidin. In addition, we summarize emerging adaptive protective effects induced by alcohol to attenuate alcohol-induced liver pathogenesis including FoxO3, IL-22, autophagy and nuclear lipin-1α. | Jessica A Williams Sharon Manley Wen-Xing Ding | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，36： | 10 |
| 18 | Efficacy of small-volume simethicone given at least 30 min before gastroscopy显示文摘AIM To evaluate the efficacy of 5 m L simethicone solution in decreasing gastric foam if given at least 30 min before gastroscopy.METHODS This was a randomized, placebo controlled, endoscopist blinded study performed at Changi General Hospital. Patients were at least 21 years old, had no prior sur-gical resection of the upper gastrointestinal tract, and scheduled for elective diagnostic gastroscopies. The primary outcome was the total mucosal visibility score(TMVS) which was evaluated using Mc Nally score. The sample size was calculated to be 24 per group(SD 2.4, 80% power, P < 0.05, 2-sample t test). RESULTS Fifty-four patients were randomised to receive either simethicone [1 m L liquid simethicone(100 mg) in 5 m L of water] or placebo(5 m L of water) at least 30 min before their gastroscopy. Six accredited consultants conductedthe gastroscopy, and the interobserver agreement of scoring TMVS was good with a Kappa statistic of 0.73. The simethicone group had significantly better mean TMVS compared to placebo(5.78 ± SD 1.65 vs 8.89 ± SD 1.97, P < 0.001). The improvement was statistically significant for the duodenum and the gastric antrum, angularis, body, and fundus. Percent 51.9 of patients in the simethicone group had a TMVS of 4(no bubbles at all) to 5(only 1 area with minimal bubbles), while in the placebo group 3.7% of patients had TMVS of 4 or 5. The number needed to treat was 2.1 to avoid a TMVS of 6 and more. The simethicone group also had a significantly shorter procedure time with less volume of additional flushes required during gastroscopy to clear away obscuring gastric foam.CONCLUSION With a premedication time of at least 30 min, 5 m L simethicone can significantly decrease gastric foam, decrease the volume of additional flushes, and shorten gastroscopy time. | Mingjun Song Andrew Boon Eu Kwek Ngai Moh Law Jeannie Peng Lan Ong Jessica Yi-Lyn Tan Prem Harichander Thurairajah Daphne Shih Wen Ang Tiing Leong Ang | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics2016，7，4： | 10 |
| 19 | Duodenal gangliocytic paraganglioma with lymph node metastases: a case report and comparative review of 31 cases显示文摘Gangliocytic paraganglioma(GP) is a rare tumor of uncertain origin most often located in the second portion of the duodenum. It is composed of three cellular components: Epithelioid endocrine cells, spindlelike/sustentacular cells, and ganglion-like cells. While this tumor most often behaves in a benign manner, cases with metastasis are reported. We describe the case of a 62-year-old male with a periampullary GP with metastases to two regional lymph nodes who was successfully treated with pancreaticoduodenectomy. Using Pub Med, EMBASE, EBSCOhost MEDLINE and CINAHL, and Google Scholar, we searched the literature for cases of GP with regional lymph node metastasis and evaluated the varying presentations, diagnostic workup, and disease management of identified cases. Thirty-one cases of GP with metastasis were compiled(30 with at least lymph node metastases and one with only distant metastasis to bone), with age at diagnosis ranging from 16 to 74 years. Ratio of males to females was 19:12. The most common presenting symptoms were abdominal pain(55%) and gastrointestinal bleeding or sequelae(42%). Twenty-five patients underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy. Five patients were treated with local resection alone. One patient died secondary to metastatic disease, and one died secondary to perioperative decompensation. The remainder did well, with no evidence of disease at follow-up from the most recent procedure(except two in which residual disease was deliberately left behind). Of the 26 cases with sufficient histological description, 16 described a primary tumor that infiltrated deep to the submucosa, and 3 described lymphovascular invasion. Of the specific immunohistochemistry staining patterns studied, synaptophysin(SYN) stained all epithelioid endocrine cells(18/18). Neuron specific enolase(NSE) and SYN stained most ganglion-like cells(7/8 and 13/18 respectively), and S-100 stained all spindle-like/sustentacular cells(21/21). Our literature review of published cases of GP with lymph node metastasis underscores the excellent prognosis of GP regardless of specific treatment modality. We question the necessity of aggressive surgical intervention in select patients, and argue that local resection of the mass and metastasis may be adequate. We also emphasize the importance of pre-surgical assessment with imaging studies, as well as post-surgical follow-up surveillance for disease recurrence. | Sahara J Cathcart Aaron R Sasson Jessica A Kozel Jennifer M Oliveto Quan P Ly | 2017 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2017，5，6： | 9 |
| 20 | Cosmetic outcome and surgical site infection rates of antibacterial absorbable (Polyglactin 910) suture compared to Chinese silk suture in breast cancer surgery: a randomized pilot research显示文摘背景市场以后的学习是比较 triclosan 涂的 VICRYL 的化妆结果的这 multicenter 的主要目的 * 有为修改的基的皮肤闭合的中国丝绸缝术的正缝术乳房切除术。一个第二等的目的是估计经历修改激进的乳房切除术的 .Methods 病人随机被分到涂的 VICRYL 的外科的地点感染(SSI ) 的发生 * 正抗菌剂(Polyglactin 910 ) 缝术或中国丝绸缝术。化妆结果在天手术后地被评估 12 (蛐吗?? | ZHANG Zhong-tao ZHANG Hong-wei FANG Xue-dong WANG Li-ming LI Xiao-xi LI Ya-fen SUN Xiao-wei Judith Carver Dorella Simpkins Jessica Shen Martin Weisberg | 2011 | Chinese Medical Journal2011，，5： | 9 |
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