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| 1 | A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns显示文摘发展史长通知了蕨类植物分类。当我们推断进化的树的能力改善了,针对认出生来的组的分类变得逐渐地预兆、稳定。这里,我们为 lycophytes 和蕨纲植物提供一个现代、全面分类,在下面,利用一条基于社区的途径类水平。我们 monophyly 用作主要标准让 taxa,而且目的识别保存两个广泛地被接受的存在 taxa 和界限并且与我们蕨类植物发展史的理解一致。总共,这个分类对待一在 337 个类, 51 个家庭, 14 目,和二个班估计了 11 916 种类。这个分类没在 lycophyte 和蕨纲植物上作为最后的词被打算分类,而是当前的假设的概括陈述,源于最好的可得到的数据并且在问题由熟悉植物的那些大多数塑造了。我们希望它将在蕨类植物上为最近的文学的那些想要的参考用作一个资源发展史和分类,为指导未来调查的一个框架,和推进讲话的刺激。 | Eric Schuettpelz Harald Schneider Alan R. Smith Peter Hovenkamp Jefferson Prado Germinal Rouhan Alexandre Salino Michael Sundue Thafs Elias Almeida Barbara Parris Emily B. Sessa Ashley R. Field Andre Luis de Gasper Carl J. Rothfels Michael D. Windham Marcus Lehnert Benjamin Dauphin Atsushi Ebihara Samuli Lehtonen Pedro Bond Schwartsburd Jordan Metzgar Li-Bing Zhang Li-Yaung Kuo Patrick J. Brownsey Masahiro Kato Marcelo Daniel Arana Francine C. Assis Michael S. Barker David S. Barrington Ho-Ming Chang Yi-Han Chang Yi-Shan Chao Cheng-Wei Chen De-Kui Chen Wen-Liang Chiou Vinicius Antonio de Oliveira Dittrich Yi-Fan Duan Jean-Yves Dubuisson Donald R. Farrar Susan Fawcett Jose Maria Gabriel y Galan Luiz Armando de Araujo Goes-Neto Jason R. Grant Amanda L. Grusz Christopher Haufler Warren Hauk Hai He Sabine Hennequin Regina Yoshie Hirai Layne Huiet Michael Kessler Petra Korall Paulo H. Labiak Anders Larsson Blanca Leen Chun-Xiang Li Fay-Wei Li Melanie Link-Perez Hong-Mei Liu Ngan Thi Lu Esteban I. Meza-Torres Xin-Yuan Miao Robbin Moran Claudine Massi Mynssens Nathalie Nagalingum Benjamin Ollgaard Alison M. Paul Jovani B. de S. Pereira Leon R. Perrie Monica Ponce Tom A. Ranker Christian Schulz Wataru Shinohara Alexander Shmakov Erin M. Sigel Filipe Soares de Souza Lana da Silva Sylvestre Weston Testo Luz Amparo Triana-Moreno Chie Tsutsumi Hanna Tuomisto IvAn A. Valdespino Alejandra Vasco Raquel Stauffer Viveros Alan Weakley Ran Wei Stina Weststrand Paul G. Wolf George Yatskievych Xiao-Gang Xu Yue-Hong Yan Liang Zhang Xian-Chun Zhang Xin-Mao Zhou | 2016 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2016，54，6： | 44 |
| 2 | Portal vein thrombosis, mortality and hepatic decompensation in patients with cirrhosis: A meta-analysis显示文摘AIM: To determine the clinical impact of portal vein thrombosis in terms of both mortality and hepatic decompensations(variceal hemorrhage, ascites, portosystemic encephalopathy) in adult patients with cirrhosis.METHODS: We identified original articles reported through February 2015 in MEDLINE, Scopus, Science Citation Index, AMED, the Cochrane Library, and relevant examples available in the grey literature. Two independent reviewers screened all citations for inclusion criteria and extracted summary data. Random effects odds ratios were calculated to obtain aggregate estimates of effect size across included studies, with 95%CI.RESULTS: A total of 226 citations were identified and reviewed, and 3 studies with 2436 participants were included in the meta-analysis of summary effect. Patients with portal vein thrombosis had an increased risk of mortality(OR = 1.62, 95%CI: 1.11-2.36, P = 0.01). Portal vein thrombosis was associated with an increased risk of ascites(OR = 2.52, 95%CI: 1.63-3.89, P < 0.001). There was insufficient data available to determine the pooled effect on other markers of decompensation including gastroesophageal variceal bleeding or hepatic encephalopathy. CONCLUSION: Portal vein thrombosis appears to increase mortality and ascites, however, the relatively small number of included studies limits more generalizable conclusions. More trials with a direct comparison group are needed. | Jonathan G Stine Puja M Shah Scott L Cornella Sean R Rudnick Marwan S Ghabril George J Stukenborg Patrick G Northup | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，27： | 42 |
| 3 | GDNF-Enhanced Axonal Regeneration and Myelination Following Spinal Cord Injury is Mediated by Primary Effects on Neurons显示文摘我们先前研究表明胶质细胞源性神经营养因子(GDNF)联合施万细胞移植能促进脊髓损伤后轴突再生和髓鞘形成。然而,GDNF介导这一过程的细胞靶点尚不清楚。在此,我们报道了GDNF可增加在体再生轴突的数目和直径,并促进体外背根神经节神经元的轴突向外生长,提示GDNF对神经元有直接作用。在施万细胞-背根神经节神经元共培养下,GDNF显著增加施万细胞生成的髓鞘数目;GDNF处理对孤立培养的施万细胞增殖无作用,但可促进已与神经轴突有突触联系的施万细胞增殖;GDNF可增加孤立施万细胞中分子量为140kDa的神经细胞黏附分子(NCAM)的表达,但对黏附分子L1表达或神经营养因子NGF、NT3及BDNF分泌没有影响。总之,这些结果支持假设:GDNF提高轴突再生和施万细胞髓鞘形成主要是通过GDNF对神经元的直接作用介导的,并且提示GDNF联合施万细胞移植可能是促进脊髓损伤后轴突再生和髓鞘形成的有效策略之一。 | LIQUN ZHANG ZHENGWEN MA GEORGE M. SMITH XUEJUN WEN YELENA PRESSMAN PATRICK M. WOOD AND XIAO-MING XU | 2009 | 神经损伤与功能重建2009，4，4： | 25 |
| 4 | Regression of cirrhosis during treatment with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for chronic hepatitis B: a 5-year open-label follow-up study显示文摘 | Patrick Marcellin Edward Gane Maria Buti Nezam Afdhal William Sievert Ira M Jacobson Mary Kay Washington George Germanidis John F Flaherty Raul Aguilar Schall Jeffrey D Bornstein Kathryn M Kitrinos G Mani Subramanian John G McHutchison E Jenny Heathcote | 2012 | The Lancet2012，，： | 14 |
| 5 | Nature:揭示干细胞惊人异质性显示文摘论文作者George Daley教授说:"这是一项非常基础的研究,但它阐明了多能性状态广泛性。我们捕获了干细胞不同状态的详细分子谱。"研究人员通过采用多种变量如不同的化学物质、培养环境和遗传敲除来扰乱多能干细胞,研究人员探究了它们的发育景观。随后,他们分析了每个细胞的遗传组成,观察了每个细胞多能状态的微小波动。他们发现内部、化学和环境信号影响干细胞方式的许多细微差异,揭示出了复杂的发育调控因子"决策"回路。 | Roshan M.Kumar Patrick Cahan Alex K.Shalek Rahul Satija A.Jay Daley Keyser Hu Li Jin Zhang Keith Pardee David Gennert John J.Trombetta Thomas C.Ferrante Aviv Regev George Q.Daley James J. Collins | 2014 | 岭南现代临床外科2014，14，6： | 10 |
| 6 | Incidence and analysis of radial head and neck fractures显示文摘AIM: To investigate several complications like persistent radial head dislocation, forearm deformity, elbow stiffness and nerve palsies, associated with radial head fractures. METHODS: This study reviewed the clinical records and trauma database of this level Ⅰ Trauma Center and identified all patients with fractures of the radial head and neck who where admitted between 2000 and 2010. An analysis of clinical records revealed 1047 patients suffering from fractures of the radial head or neck classified according to Mason. For clinical examination, range of motion, local pain and overall outcome were assessed. RESULTS: The incidence of one-sided fractures was 99.2% and for simultaneous bilateral fractures 0.8%. Non-operative treatment was performed in 90.4%(n = 947) of the cases, surgery in 9.6%(n = 100). Bony union was achieved in 99.8%(n = 1045) patients. Full satisfaction was achieved in 59%(n = 615) of the patients. A gender related significant difference(P = 0.035) in Mason type distribution-type Ⅲ fractures were more prominent in male patients vs type Ⅳ fractures in female patients-was observed in our study population. CONCLUSION: Mason typeⅠfractures can be treated safe conservatively with good results. In type Ⅱ to Ⅳ surgical intervention is usually considered to be indicated. | Florian M Kovar Manuela Jaindl Gerhild Thalhammer Schuster Rupert Patrick Platzer Georg Endler Ines Vielgut Florian Kutscha-Lissberg | 2013 | World Journal of Orthopedics2013，4，2： | 9 |
| 7 | Emergency department procedural sedation for primary electrical cardioversion — a comparison with procedural sedations for other reasons显示文摘BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation(AF) is the most common arrhythmia treated in the emergency department(ED), with primary electrical cardioversion(PEC) the preferred method of rhythm control. Anecdotally, patients undergoing ED procedural sedation(EDPS) for PEC differ from those requiring EDPS for other procedures: they are at higher risk of adverse events, and require fewer drugs and lower doses. We attempt to verify this using an EDPS registry at a Canadian, tertiary care teaching hospital.METHODS: This is a retrospective review of patients that underwent EDPS for the period of June 2006 to September 2014. We compared demographics, medication use and intra-procedural adverse events between those receiving EDPS for PEC for AF compared to that for other indications. We report the asssociation between AEs and predictors using logistic regression.RESULTS: A total of 4 867 patients were included, 714 for PEC for AF and 4 153 for other indications. PEC patients were more likely male(58.5% vs. 47.1%), older(59.5 years vs. 48.1 years), and less likely to be ASA I(46.6% vs. 69.0%). PEC patients received smaller doses of propofol and less likely to receive adjuvant analgesic therapy(11.5% vs. 78.2%). PEC patients were more likely to experience hypotension(27.6% vs. 16.5%) but respiratory AEs(apnea, hypoxia and airway intervention) were not different.CONCLUSION: EDPS for PEC differs from that conducted for other purposes: patients tend to be less healthy, receive smaller doses of medication and more likely to suffer hypotension without an increase in respiratory AEs. These factors should be considered when performing EDPS. | Michael Butler Patrick Froese Peter Zed George Kovacs Robert Mac Kinley Kirk Magee Mary-Lynn Watson Samuel G.Campbell | 2017 | World Journal of Emergency Medicine2017，8，3： | 6 |
| 8 | Three-Year Efficacy and Safety of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Treatment for Chronic Hepatitis B显示文摘 | E. Jenny Heathcote Patrick Marcellin Maria Buti Edward Gane Robert A. De Man Zahary Krastev George Germanidis Samuel S. Lee Robert Flisiak Kelly Kaita Michael Manns Iskren Kotzev Konstantin Tchernev Peter Buggisch Frank Weilert Oya Ovunc Kurdas Mitchell L | 2011 | Gastroenterology2011，，1： | 5 |
| 9 | AME证据系列001--转化医学协会:脓毒症诊断和早期识别的临床实践指南显示文摘脓毒症是一种由感染引起的异质性疾病,感染触发了一系列复杂的局部或者全身的免疫炎症反应,引起多器官功能衰竭,发病率和病死率显著升高。由于至今仍然没有诊断脓毒症的金标准,所以脓毒症的临床诊断仍是一个难题。因此,脓毒症的临床诊断需要不断改变来满足临床和研究的要求。然而,尽管有许多新型的生物标记和筛选工具去预测脓毒症发生的风险,但是这些措施的诊断价值和有效性不足以让人满意,并且没有充分的证据去建议临床使用这些新技术。因此,脓毒症的临床诊断标准需要定期更新去适应不断产生的新证据。这篇综述旨在呈现当前脓毒症的诊断和早期识别方面的最新研究证据。临床运用不同的诊断方法的推荐意见依赖于推荐、评价、发展和评估分级体系(Grades of Recommendation Assessment,Development and Evaluation,GRADE),因为大部分的研究是观察性研究,并没有对这些方法进行可靠评估,采用的是两步推理方法。未来需要更多研究来确认或者反驳某一特殊的指标检测,同时应该直接采用相关病人的结果数据。 | Zhongheng Zhang Nathan J.Smischney Haibo Zhang Sven Van Poucke Panagiotis Tsirigotis Jordi Rello Patrick M.Honore Win Sen Kuan Juliet June Ray Jiancang Zhou You Shang Yuetian Yu Christian Jung Chiara Robba Fabio Silvio Taccone Pietro Caironi David Grimaldi Stefan Hofer George Dimopoulos Marc Leone Sang-Bum Hong Mabrouk Bahloul Laurent Argaud Won Young Kim Herbert D.Spapen Jose Rodolfo Rocco 张建成(译) 尚游(译) 钟鸣(校) | 2016 | 临床与病理杂志2016，36，10： | 5 |
| 10 | Long-term Therapy With Adefovir Dipivoxil for HBeAg-Negative Chronic Hepatitis B for up to 5 Years显示文摘 | Stephanos J. Hadziyannis Nicolaos C. Tassopoulos E. Jenny Heathcote Ting–Tsung Chang George Kitis Mario Rizzetto Patrick Marcellin Seng Gee Lim Zachary Goodman Jia Ma Carol L. Brosgart Katyna Borroto–Esoda Sarah Arterburn Steven L. Chuck | 2006 | Gastroenterology2006，，6： | 3 |
| 11 | 直接评估吗啡刺激糖尿病人隐静脉内皮一氧化氮释放减少显示文摘to directly measure in real time basal and stimulated levels of NO released from human saphenous vein endothelium and to quantify the expression of the μopiate receptor, which has been linked with NO release. METHODS: Saphenous vein segments from patients with type 2 diabetes ( n = 12) and patients without diabetes (n =8) were obtained. The release of NO was measured directly from the endothelium using a NO-specific amperometric probe. NΩ-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 0.1 mmol/L), a NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor, or morphine (1 μmol/L), a stimulant, was administered and the measurements were repeated. Values were reported relative to the mean initial measurement of NO release from diabetic endothelium, which was defined as the relative zero level of NO release. A RT-PCR was then performed on the endothelium to measureμ opiate receptor expression. RESULTS: Diabetic patients (n = 12) showed a relative and significantly diminished basal level of released NO, (0.049± 0.012) nmol/L, compared | Thomas V BILHNGER, James A VOSSWINKEL, Patrick CADET, Christos M RIALAS, Harold I MAGAZINE, George B STEFANO(Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Hospital and Medical Center, HSC, T19-080, Stony Brook, New York 11794-8191 Neuroscience Research Institute, State University of New York College at Old Westbury, Old Westbury, New York , USA) | 2002 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2002，23，2： | 3 |
| 12 | Cyclophosphamide-induced reproductive toxicity: Beneficial effects of Helichrysum odoratissimum(Asteraceae) in male Wistar rats显示文摘Objective: Cyclophosphamide(CP) is commonly used to treat some cancers, but its clinical efficacy is also linked with testicular toxicity. We investigated the effects of aqueous extract(AE) and methanolic extract(ME) of Helichrysum odoratissimum for reducing CP-induced reproductive toxicity in male rats.Methods: In addition to a normal control(group 1), drugs or vehicles were administered orally to seven groups(n = 5) of rats that had already received 4-weeks of pre-treatment with CP(5 mg/[kgád], per oral administration);group 2 received CP + distilled water(10 m L/[kgád]);group 3 received CP + 5% tween 80(10 m L/[kgád]);group 4 received CP + clomiphene citrate(0.25 mg/[kgád]);groups 5 and 6 received CP + AE(50 and 100 mg/[kgád]) and groups 7 and 8 received CP + ME(50 and 100 mg/[kgád]). Animals were sacrificed on day 15, and body and sexual organ weights, sperm characteristics, testosterone level and testicular histology were evaluated.Results: The CP-treated group showed a significant reduction(P < 0.001) in the body and seminal vesicle weights, testosterone level, sperm count, sperm motility and sperm viability, but elevated(P < 0.001)sperm morphological abnormalities and testicular structure alterations, compared to the control group.Interestingly, these detrimental effects of CP were reversed by treatment with H. odoratissimum extracts.For instance, both extracts and all doses of H. odoratissimum significantly increased the sperm count(P < 0.001), sperm motility(AE, 50 mg/kg, P < 0.05;ME, 50 and 100 mg/kg, P < 0.05) and sperm viability(AE, 50 mg/kg, P < 0.001;ME, 50 and 100 mg/kg, P < 0.001) compared to the CP group. H. odoratissimum also improved plasmatic and intratesticular testosterone levels and prevented histological alterations of the testes.Conclusion: H. odoratissimum might be considered as an alternative drug to alleviate/prevent reproductive damage in cancer patients receiving CP chemotherapy. | Pierre Watcho Ismaelle Rosine Mpeck Patrick Brice Deeh Defo Modeste Wankeu-Nya Esther Ngadjui Georges Romeo Bonsou Fozin Pierre Kamtchouing Albert Kamanyi | 2019 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2019，17，5： | 3 |
| 13 | Dual-color deep-tissue three-photon microscopy with a multiband infrared laser显示文摘Multiphoton microscopy combined with genetically encoded fluorescent indicators is a central tool in biology.Threephoton(3P)microscopy with excitation in the short-wavelength infrared(SWIR)water transparency bands at 1.3 and 1.7μm opens up new opportunities for deep-tissue imaging.However,novel strategies are needed to enable in-depth multicolor fluorescence imaging and fully develop such an imaging approach.Here,we report on a novel multiband SWIR source that simultaneously emits ultrashort pulses at 1.3 and 1.7μm that has characteristics optimized for 3P microscopy:sub-70 fs duration,1.25 MHz repetition rate,and μJ-range pulse energy.In turn,we achieve simultaneous 3P excitation of green fluorescent protein(GFP)and red fluorescent proteins(mRFP,mCherry,tdTomato)along with third-harmonic generation.We demonstrate in-depth dual-color 3P imaging in a fixed mouse brain,chick embryo spinal cord,and live adult zebrafish brain,with an improved signal-to-background ratio compared to multicolor twophoton imaging.This development opens the way towards multiparametric imaging deep within scattering tissues. | Khmaies Guesmi Lamiae Abdeladim Samuel Tozer Pierre Mahou Takuma Kumamoto Karolis Jurkus Philippe Rigaud Karine Loulier Nicolas Dray Patrick Georges Marc Hanna Jean Livet Willy Supatto Emmanuel Beaurepaire Frédéric Druon | 2018 | Light(Science & Applications)2018，7，1： | 3 |
| 14 | Human immune cells' behavior and survival under bioenergetically restricted conditions in an in vitro fracture hematoma model显示文摘骨头骨折愈合的起始的煽动性的阶段为愈合的过程的结果代表关键步。然而,开始这个煽动性的阶段的机制和在破裂地点在场的有免疫力的房间的功能糟糕被理解。以便在破裂 hematoma 以内学习早事件,我们建立了一在里面 vitro 破裂 hematoma 模型:我们有教养的 hematomas 在 bioenergetically 控制的条件下面在 vitro 在全部的新潮的关节造形术(THA ) 期间在腿节的截骨术(人工的骨头破裂) 期间形成。这个模型允许我们在跟随破裂的早阶段期间监视有免疫力的房间人口,房间幸存和 cytokine 表示。而且,这个模型使我们能改变 bioenergetical 条件以便模仿在里面 vivo 状况,它被假定被组织缺氧描绘并且限制了营养素的数量。用这个模型,我们发现有免疫力的房间经由 angiogenic 因素, chemoattractants 和支持 inflammatory 分子的表示适应组织缺氧。另外,联合了氧的限制,滋养的供应与 myeloid 的比较提高了淋巴细胞的选择幸存导出的房间(即, neutrophils ) 。笔记,非限制的 bioenergetical 条件没关于 cytokine 表示或有免疫力的房间子集的不同幸存率显示出任何类似的效果。在结论,我们发现 bioenergetical 条件在导致骨折愈合的起始的煽动性的阶段的关键因素之中并且因此是为在早破裂 hematoma 影响有免疫力的房间的幸存和功能的一个关键步骤。 | Paula Hoff Patrick Maschmeyer Timo Gaber Tabea Schiitze Tobias Raue Katharina Schmidt-Bleek Rene Dziurla Saskia Schellmann Ferenz Leonard Lohanatha Eric Rohner Andrea Ode Gerd-Riidiger Burmester Georg N Duda Carsten Perka Frank Buttgereit | 2013 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2013，10，2： | 3 |
| 15 | Development of new electromagnetic suspension-based high-speed Maglev vehicles in China:Historical and recent progress in the field of dynamical simulation显示文摘High-speed Maglev is a cutting-edge technology brought back into the focus of research by plans of the Chinese government for the development of a new 600 km/h Maglev train.A Chinese‐German cooperation with industrial and academic partners has been established to pursue this ambitious goal and bring together experts from multiple disciplines.This contribution presents the joint work and achievements of CRRC Qingdao Sifang,thyssenkrupp Transrapid,CDFEB,and the ITM of the University of Stuttgart,regarding research and development in the field of high‐speed Maglev systems.Furthermore,an overview is given of the historical development of the Transrapid in Germany,the associated development of dynamical simulation models,and recent developments regarding high-speed Maglev trains in China. | Sansan Ding Peter Eberhard Georg Schneider Patrick Schmid Arnim Kargl Yong Cui Ullrich Martin Xin Liang Chao Huang Markus Bauer Florian Dignath Qinghua Zheng | 2023 | International Journal of Mechanical System Dynamics2023，3，2： | 3 |
| 16 | Long-term Therapy With Adefovir Dipivoxil for HBeAg-Negative Chronic Hepatitis B for up to 5 Years显示文摘 | Stephanos J. Hadziyannis Nicolaos C. Tassopoulos E. Jenny Heathcote Ting–Tsung Chang George Kitis Mario Rizzetto Patrick Marcellin Seng Gee Lim Zachary Goodman Jia Ma Carol L. Brosgart Katyna Borroto–Esoda Sarah Arterburn Steven L. Chuck | 2006 | Gastroenterology2006，，6： | 2 |
| 17 | Relation of circulating MicroRNA-133a concentrations with myocardial damage and clinical prognosis in ST-elevation myocardial infarction显示文摘 | Ingo Eitel Volker Adams Patrick Dieterich Georg Fuernau Suzanne de Waha Steffen Desch Gerhard Schuler Holger Thiele | 2012 | American Heart Journal2012，，： | 2 |
| 18 | Increased hepatic iron concentration in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is associated with increased fibrosis显示文摘 | D.Keith George Stefano Goldwurm Graeme A. Macdonald Lex L. Cowley Neal I. Walker Patrick J. Ward Elizabeth C. Jazwinska Lawrie W. Powell | 1998 | Gastroenterology1998，，2： | 2 |
| 19 | Gap filling strategies for long term energy flux data sets显示文摘 | Eva Falge Dennis Baldocchi Richard Olson Peter Anthoni Marc Aubinet Christian Bernhofer George Burba Reinhart Ceulemans Robert Clement Han Dolman André Granier Patrick Gross Thomas Grünwald David Hollinger Niels-Otto Jensen Gabriel Katul Petri Keronen And | 2001 | Agricultural and Forest Meteorology2001，，1： | 2 |
| 20 | Laparoscopic versus open resection of gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the stomach显示文摘 | Kristel Vogelaere Anne Hoorens Patrick Haentjens Georges Delvaux | 2013 | Surgical Endoscopy2013，，5： | 2 |
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