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| 1 | Liver immunology and its role in inflammation and homeostasis显示文摘当一个非免疫学的机关首先从事了新陈代谢的、滋养的存储和 detoxification 活动,人的肝通常被察觉。然而,我们现在知道健康的肝也是复杂免疫学的一个地点活动象非造血的房间人口一样由一个多样的有免疫力的房间全部剧目调停了。在疾病得非的肝,新陈代谢并且织物改变功能要求发炎的元素。在有到饮食、微生物引起的产品的常规暴露的联合,这发炎为过多的有免疫力的激活创造潜力。在这复杂微型环境,肝的免疫系统容忍无害的分子当同时对可能的传染代理人仍然保持警惕时,恶意的房间或纸巾损坏。在到由病原体或织物损坏的挑战的适当有免疫力的激活之上,解决发炎的机制是必要的维持肝动态平衡。清除 ‘ 的失败; dangerous’刺激或调整适当地激活的有免疫力的机制导致病理学的发炎和纤维变性,肝硬化和最终的肝失败的进步发展描绘的破坏织物动态平衡。肝的煽动性的机制因此在健康的成年的肝有角色的一个系列;他们是必要的维持织物和机关动态平衡并且 dysregulated,肝病理的关键司机与长期的感染, autoimmunity 和恶意被联系。在这评论,我们在正常的肝动态平衡探索发炎和煽动性的调停人的变化感觉并且求婚作为一条治疗学的途径肝特定的有免疫力的规定小径指向治疗肝疾病。 | Mark W Robinson Cathal Harmon Cliona O'Farrelly | 2016 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2016，13，3： | 65 |
| 2 | Evaluating the performance of nanostructured materials as lithium-ion battery electrodes显示文摘锂离子房间的性能重重地依赖于主机电极的能力从本地结构提供并且释放 Li+ 离子。当电极材料的选择可以定义象房间潜力和能力那样的参数时,置闰的过程可以被率身体上限制固态 Li+ 散开。在锂离子电极的增加的散开率可以在散开路径通过减小被完成,由一可伸缩各自的电极尺寸完成了。另外,一些电极可以经历与收费并且排出联系的大体积变化,的紧张,可以更好通过 nanostructuring 被提供。主机的失败可以导致本地结构的 pulverisation 和能力的快速的损失提供如此的卷变化。在这篇评论文章,我们寻求在 nanostructured 锂离子电池体系结构(阳极和阴极) 的开发加亮很多重要获得,作为潜在的下一代的电气化学的精力存储设备的驱动程序。 | Mark J. Armstrong Colm O'Dwyer William J. Macklin Justin. D. Holmes | 2014 | Nano Research2014，7，1： | 23 |
| 3 | Association of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D levels with semen and hormonal parameters显示文摘维生素 D 层次包括繁殖混乱被连接了到各种各样的健康结果。这研究的目的是探索在浆液维生素 D 水平(25-hydroxy-vitamin D,或 25OHD ) 和精液和神经质的参数之间的协会。这是包括了从一般人口为精子发生的学习招募的 170 个健康的人的代表性的研究。完成的将军和繁殖健康问询表,和捐赠的血和精液取样的人。主要措施是神经质的(全部、免费的睾丸激素,性荷尔蒙绑定血球素, estradiol ,刺激滤泡的荷尔蒙和 luteinizing 荷尔蒙)并且精液参数,调整( n=147 )好久,身体团索引( BMI ),季节,白酒吸入并且吸烟,在与维生素 D 层次的范畴的关系,决定了 priori 。学习人口的吝啬的年龄是 29.0 ± 8.5 年和吝啬的 BMI 是 24.3 ± 3.2 kg m −2 。吝啬的 25OHD 是 34.1 ± 15.06 ng ml −1 。BMI 与 25OHD 显示出一个否定协会。精子集中,进步活动性,精子形态学,和全部的日益增多地能动的精子数的精子在有 ‘ 的人是更低的; 25OHD ≥ 50 ng ml −1' 什么时候与有 ‘ 的人相比; 20 ng ml −1≤25OHD<50 ng ml −1' 。全部的精子计数和全部的进步能动精子计数在有 ‘ 的人是更低的; 25OHD < 20 ng ml −1' 什么时候与有 ‘ 的人相比; 20 ng ml −1≤25OHD<50 ng ml −1' 。各种各样的神经质的参数的调整工具没在 25OHD 的不同范畴显示出统计差别。在结论,在高度和底层的浆液维生素 D 层次能否定地与精液参数被联系。 | Ahmad O Hammoud A Wayne Meikle C Matthew Peterson Joseph Stanford Mark Gibson Douglas T Carrell | 2012 | Asian Journal of Andrology2012，14，6： | 19 |
| 4 | 超重与男性生殖能力研究进展:睡眠呼吸暂停,一个新领域显示文摘肥胖会对男性生殖产生负面影响,主要是因为肥胖与低睾酮水平和促性腺激素改变有关。男性肥胖已经被发现与男性生育力下降有关,但由于影响的性质和程度不同,肥胖与精子参数相关性的数据存在争议。一些新研究领域的出现,如遗传多态性和睡眠呼吸暂停,将有助于解释研究结果的差异性。已经发现睡眠紊乱与男性睾酮生成的变化和性腺功能低下有关,也可能与勃起功能障碍有关。睡眠紊乱与不育和精子参数的关系还有待研究。忠有性腺功能低下和不育的男性应该进行睡眠呼吸暂停症的筛查。对肥胖和睡眠呼吸暂停的治疗可以改善睾酮水平和勃起功能。 | Ahmad O Hammoud Douglas T Carrell Mark Gibson C Matthew Peterson A Wayne Meikle | 2012 | Asian Journal of Andrology2012，14，1： | 11 |
| 5 | Rectal nitric oxide as biomarker in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease: Responders versus nonresponders显示文摘瞄准:探索直肠的氮的氧化物(没有) 作为处理的简历标记,在 ulcerative (UC ) 和 Crohn 的反应是疾病(CD ) ,并且检验在之间的关系直肠没有,没有 synthases (NOS ) 的粘膜表示,和支持 inflammatory cytokines。方法:有 UC 的 22 个病人并且 24 在类固醇治疗期间与 CD 被监视。直肠没有层次被测量,临床的活动在天被估计 1, 3, 7 和 28。NOS 和支持 inflammatory cytokines 的粘膜存在被免疫组织化学和 RT-PCR 分析。结果:显著地显示的活跃 UC 和 CD 增加了直肠没有层次(10950 +/- 1280 每十亿分开的 7610 和 5040 +/-(ppb ) ,分别地) 作为与控制相比(154 +/- 71 ppb, P <
0.001 ) 。直肠不在 UC 和 CD 与疾病活动微弱地相关(r = 0.34 为 UC 和 r = 0.48 为 CD, P <
0.01 ) 。在 12 个病人,一堂类固醇倔强的功课导致了结肠切除术。仅仅稍微有的这些病人没增加层次(UC:620 +/- 270 ppb;CD:1260 +/- 550 ppb ) 与那些相比与治疗学的回答(UC:18860 +/- 530 ppb, P <
0.001;CD:10060 +/- 3200 ppb, P <
0.05 ) 。结论:直肠没有水平是在是的 IBD 的治疗反应的一个有用简历标记低没有层次预言差的临床的回答到类固醇治疗。 | Tryggve Ljung Sofie Lundberg Mark Varsanyi Catharina Johansson Peter T Schmidt Max Herulf Jon O Lundberg Per M Hellstr(o|¨)m | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，21： | 10 |
| 6 | Pain sensation in pancreatic diseases is not uniform: The different facets of pancreatic pain显示文摘AIM: To systematically characterize specific pain patterns in the most frequent pancreatic diseases.METHODS: Pain in patients with chronic pancreatitis(n = 314), pancreatic cancer(n = 469), and other pancreatic tumors(n = 249) including mucinous(n = 20) and serous cystadenoma(n = 31), invasive(n = 37) and non-invasive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia(IPMN; n = 48), low stage(n = 18) and high stage neuroendocrine neoplasia(n = 44), and ampullary cancer(n = 51) was registered and correlated with clinicopathological data. Survival times were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Patients alive at the follow-up time were censored. Survival curves were compared statistically using the log-rank test.RESULTS: Forty-nine point one percent of pancreatic cancer patients revealed no pain, whereas in chronic pancreatitis only 18.3% were pain free. In contrary, moderate/severe pain was registered in 15.1% in pancreatic cancer patients that was increased in chronic pancreatitis with up to 34.2%. Serous cystadenoma was asymptomatic in most cases(58.1%), whereas 78.9% of all mucinous cystadenoma patients suffered pain. In neuroendocrine neoplasia pain was not a key clinical symptom since 64% of low stage neuroendocrine neoplasia and 59% of high stage neuroendocrine neoplasia patients were pain free. Cancer localization in the pancreatic body and patients with malignant pancreatic neoplasms were associated with more severe pain. Tumor grading and stage did not show any impact on pain. Only in pancreatic cancer, pain was directly associated with impaired survival.CONCLUSION: Pancreatic pain depicts different patterns of abdominal pain sensation according to the respective pancreatic disorder and does not allow a unification of the term pancreatic pain. | Jan G D'Haese Mark Hartel Ihsan Ekin Demir Ulf Hinz Frank Bergmann Markus W Büchler Helmut Friess Güralp O Ceyhan | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，27： | 8 |
| 7 | Anti-tumour necrosis factor agent and liver injury:literature review,recommendations for management显示文摘Abnormalities in liver function tests,including transient and self-limiting hypertransaminasemia,cholestatic disease and hepatitis,can develop during treatment with anti-tumour-necrosis-factor(TNF)therapy.The optimal management of liver injury related to antiTNF therapy is still a matter of debate.Although some authors recommend discontinuing treatment in case of both a rise of alanine aminotransferase more than5 times the upper limit of normal,or the occurrence of jaundice,there are no standard guidelines for the management of anti-TNF-related liver injury.Bibliographical searches were performed in Pub Med,using the following key words:inflammatory bowel disease(IBD);TNF inhibitors;hypertransaminasemia;drugrelated liver injury;infliximab.According to published data,elevation of transaminases in patients with IBD treated with anti-TNF is a common finding,but resolution appears to be the usual outcome.Anti-TNF agents seem to be safe with a low risk of causing severe drugrelated liver injury.According to our centre experience,we found that hypertransaminasemia was a common,mainly self-limiting finding in our IBD cohort and was not correlated to infliximab treatment on both univariate and multivariate analyses.An algorithm for the management of liver impairment occurring during antiTNF treatment is also proposed and this highlights the need of a multidisciplinary approach and suggests liver biopsy as a key-point in the management decision in case of severe rise of transaminases.However,hepatic injury is generally self-limiting and drug withdrawal seems to be an exception. | Roberta Elisa Rossi Ioanna Parisi Edward John Despott Andrew Kenneth Burroughs James O'Beirne Dario Conte Mark Ian Hamilton Charles Daniel Murray | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，46： | 7 |
| 8 | 高通量天然产物化学和毛细管核磁共振探头技术的应用显示文摘介绍了近几年为高通量药物筛选构建大型天然产物样品库的高通量天然产物化学,即多通道平行高效液相制备和平行液质联用分析技术;详细介绍了核磁共振新技术即体积小和质量灵敏度高的毛细管核磁共振探头技术,该探头技术的成功应用使得天然产物样品库中活性化合物的结构鉴定所需样品量降低到前所未有的微克级水平;展望了源于中药的天然产物作为小分子探针开展脑功能方面的化学基因组学研究。 | 胡金锋 Gary R.Eldridge 余亦华 Mark O'Neil-Johnson | 2008 | 化学进展2008，20，4： | 6 |
| 9 | Panitumumab and irinotecan versus irinotecan alone for patients with KRAS wild-type, fluorouracil-resistant advanced colorectal cancer (PICCOLO): a prospectively stratified randomised trial显示文摘 | Matthew T Seymour Sarah R Brown Gary Middleton Timothy Maughan Susan Richman Stephen Gwyther Catherine Lowe Jennifer F Seligmann Jonathan Wadsley Nick Maisey Ian Chau Mark Hill Lesley Dawson Stephen Falk Ann O’Callaghan Kim Benstead Philip Chambers Alfred | 2013 | Lancet Oncology2013，，8： | 6 |
| 10 | Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography for pediatric choledocholithiasis: Assessing the need for endoscopic intervention显示文摘AIM:To assess pediatric patients for choledocholithiasis.We applied current adult guidelines to identify predictivefactors in children.METHODS:A single-center retrospective analysis was performed at a tertiary children's hospital.We evaluated 44 consecutive pediatric patients who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiography(ERCP) for suspected choledocholithiasis.Patients were stratified into those with common bile duct stones(CBDS) at ERCP vs those that did not using the American Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy(ASGE) guidelines(Very Strong and Strong criteria) for suspected CBDS.RESULTS:CBDS were identified in 84% at the time of ERCP.Abdominal ultrasound identified CBDS in 36% of patients.Conjugated bilirubin ≥ 0.5 mg/d L was an independent risk factor for CBDS(P = 0.003).The Very Strong(59.5%) and Strong(48.6%) ASGE criteria identified the majority of patients(P = 0.0001).A modified score using conjugated bilirubin had a higher sensitivity(81.2% vs 59.5%) and more likely to identify a stone than the standard criteria,odds ratio of 25.7 compared to 8.8.Alanine aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyl transferase values identified significant differences in a subset of patients with odds ratio of 4.1 and 3.25,respectively.CONCLUSION:Current adult guidelines identified the majority of pediatric patients with CBDS,but specific pediatric guidelines may improve detection,thus decreasing risks and unnecessary procedures. | Douglas S Fishman Bruno P Chumpitazi Isaac Raijman Cynthia Man-Wai Tsai E O’Brian Smith Mark V Mazziotti Mark A Gilger | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2016，8，11： | 6 |
| 11 | Potential relevance of pig gut content transplantation for production and research显示文摘It is becoming increasingly evident that the gastrointestinal microbiota has a significant impact on the overall health and production of the pig.This has led to intensified research on the composition of the gastrointestinal microbiota,factors affecting it,and the impact of the microbiota on health,growth performance,and more recently,behavior of the host.Swine production research has been heavily focused on assessing the effects of feed additives and dietary modifications to alter or take advantage of select characteristics of gastrointestinal microbes to improve health and feed conversion efficiency.Research on faecal microbiota transplantation(FMT) as a possible tool to improve outcomes in pigs through manipulation of the gastrointestinal microbiome is very recent and limited data is available.Results on FMT in humans demonstrating the transfer of phenotypic traits from donors to recipients and the high efficacy of FMT to treat Clostridium difficile infections in humans,together with data from pigs relating GI-tract microbiota composition with growth performance has likely played an important role in the interest towards this strategy in pig production.However,several factors can influence the impact of FMT on the recipient,and these need to be identified and optimized before this tool can be applied to pig production.There are obvious inherent biosecurity and regulatory issues in this strategy,since the donor's microbiome can never be completely screened for all possible non-desirable microorganisms.However,considering the success observed in humans,it seems worth investigating this strategy for certain applications in pig production.Further,FMT research may lead to the identification of specific bacterial group(s) essential for a particular outcome,resulting in the development of banks of clones which can be used as targeted therapeutics,rather than the broader approach applied in FMT.This review examines the factors associated with the use of FMT,and its potential application to swine production,and includes research on using the pig as model for human medical purposes. | Nuria Canibe Mark O’Dea Sam Abraham | 2019 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2019，10，3： | 6 |
| 12 | Inflammatory processes in the liver: divergent roles in homeostasis and pathology显示文摘The hepatic immune system is designed to tolerate diverse harmless foreign moieties to maintain homeostasis in the healthy liver.Constant priming and regulation ensure that appropriate immune activation occurs when challenged by pathogens and tissue damage.Failure to accurately discriminate,regulate,or effectively resolve inflammation offsets this balance,jeopardizing overall tissue health resulting from an either overly tolerant or an overactive inflammatory response.Compelling scientific and clinical evidence links dysregulated hepatic immune and inflammatory responses upon sterile injury to several pathological conditions in the liver,particularly nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and ischemia-reperfusion injury.Murine and human studies have described interactions between diverse immune repertoires and nonhematopoietic cell populations in both physiological and pathological activities in the liver,although the molecular mechanisms driving these associations are not clearly understood.Here,we review the dynamic roles of inflammatory mediators in responses to sterile injury in the context of homeostasis and disease,the clinical implications of dysregulated hepatic immune activity and therapeutic developments to regulate liver-specific immunity. | Ola Ahmed Mark W.Robinson Cliona O’Farrelly | 2021 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2021，18，6： | 5 |
| 13 | Tenascin C upregulates interleukin-6 expression in human cardiac myofibroblasts via toll-like receptor 4显示文摘AIM:To investigate the effect of Tenascin C(TNC)on the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and matrixmetalloproteinases in human cardiac myofibroblasts(CMF).METHODS:CMF were isolated and cultured from patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.Cultured cells were treated with either TNC(0.1μmol/L,24 h)or a recombinant protein corresponding to different domains of the TNC protein;fibrinogen-like globe(FBG)and fibronectin typeⅢ-like repeats(TNⅢ5-7)(both 1μmol/L,24 h).The expression of the proinflammatory cytokines;interleukin(IL)-6,IL-1β,TNFαand the matrix metalloproteinases;MMPs(MMP1,2,3,9,10,MT1-MMP)was assessed using real time RT-PCR and western blot analysis.RESULTS:TNC increased both IL-6 and MMP3(P<0.01)mR NA levels in cultured human CMF but had no significant effect on the other markers studied.The increase in IL-6 mR NA expression was mirrored by an increase in protein secretion as assessed by enzymelinked immunosorbant assay(P<0.01).Treating CMF with the recombinant protein FBG increased IL-6mR NA and protein(P<0.01)whereas the recombinant protein TNⅢ5-7 had no effect.Neither FBG nor TNⅢ5-7 had any significant effect on MMP3 expression.The expression of toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)in human CMF was confirmed by real time RT-PCR,western blot and immunohistochemistry.Pre-incubation of cells with TLR4neutralising antisera attenuated the effect of both TNC and FBG on IL-6 mR NA and protein expression.CONCLUSION:TNC up-regulates IL-6 expression in human CMF,an effect mediated through the FBG domain of TNC and via the TLR4 receptor. | Azhar Maqbool Emma J Spary Iain W Manfield Michaela Ruhmann Lorena Zuliani-Alvarez Filomena O Gamboa-Esteves Karen E Porter Mark J Drinkhill Kim S Midwood Neil A Turner | 2016 | World Journal of Cardiology2016，8，5： | 4 |
| 14 | Magnetic resonance angiography for the primary diagnosis of pulmonary embolism: A review from the international workshop for pulmonary functional imaging显示文摘Pulmonary contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography(CE-MRA) is useful for the primary diagnosis of pulmonary embolism(PE). Many sites have chosen not to use CE-MRA as a first line of diagnostic tool for PE because of the speed and higher efficacy of computerized tomographic angiography(CTA). In this review, we discuss the strengths and weaknesses of CEMRA and the appropriate imaging scenarios for the primary diagnosis of PE derived from our unique multiinstitutional experience in this area. The optimal patient for this test has a low to intermediate suspicion for PE based on clinical decision rules. Patients in extremis are not candidates for this test. Younger women(< 35 years of age) and patients with iodinated contrast allergies are best served by using this modality We discuss the history of the use of this test, recent technical innovations, artifacts, direct and indirect findings for PE, ancillary findings, and the effectiveness(patient outcomes) of CE-MRA for the exclusion of PE. Current outcomes data shows that CE-MRA and NM V/Q scans are effective alternative tests to CTA for the primary diagnosis of PE. | Nanae Tsuchiya Edwin JR van Beek Yoshiharu Ohno Hiroto Hatabu Hans-Ulrich Kauczor Andrew Swift Jens Vogel-Claussen Jürgen Biederer James Wild Mark O Wielpütz Mark L Schiebler | 2018 | World Journal of Radiology2018，10，6： | 4 |
| 15 | Linaclotide Improves Abdominal Pain and Bowel Habits in a Phase IIb Study of Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome With Constipation显示文摘 | Jeffrey M. Johnston Caroline B. Kurtz James E. MacDougall Bernard J. Lavins Mark G. Currie Donald A. Fitch Chris O’Dea Mollie Baird Anthony J. Lembo | 2010 | Gastroenterology2010，，6： | 3 |
| 16 | CpG Island methylation in sporadic colorectal cancers and its relationship to microsatellite instability显示文摘 | Nicholas Hawkins Mark Norrie Kay Cheong Elisa Mokany Su-Lyn Ku Alan Meagher Terence O’connor Robyn Ward | 2002 | Gastroenterology2002，，： | 2 |
| 17 | Risk and trust in the cultural industries显示文摘 | Mark Banks Andy Lovatt Justin O’Connor Carlo Raffo | 2000 | Geoforum2000，，4： | 2 |
| 18 | Omentum facilitates liver regeneration显示文摘AIM:To investigate the mechanism of liver regeneration induced by fusing the omentum to a small traumatic injury created in the liver. We studied three groups of rats. In one group the rats were omentectomized; in another group the omentum was left in situ and was not activated,and in the third group the omentum was activated by polydextran particles. METHODS:We pre-activated the omentum by injecting polydextran particles and then made a small wedge wound in the rat liver to allow the omentum to fuse to the wound. We monitored the regeneration of the liver by determining the ratio of liver weight/body weight,by histological evaluation (including immune staining for cytokeratin-19,an oval cell marker),and by testing for developmental gene activation using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS:There was no liver regeneration in the omentectomized rats,nor was there significant regeneration when the omentum was not activated,even though in this instance the omentum had fusedwith the liver. In contrast,the liver in the rats with the activated omentum expanded to a size 50% greater than the original,and there was histologically an interlying tissue between the wounded liver and the activated omentum in which bile ducts,containing cytokeratin-19 positive oval cells,extended from the wound edge. In this interlying tissue,oval cells were abundant and appeared to proliferate to form new liver tissue. In rats pre-treated with drugs that inhibited hepatocyte growth,liver proliferation was ongoing,indicating that regeneration of the liver was the result of oval cell expansion. CONCLUSION:Activated omentum facilitates liver regeneration following injury by a mechanism that depends largely on oval cell proliferation. | Ashok K Singh Nishit Pancholi Jilpa Patel Natalia O Litbarg Krishnamurthy P Gudehithlu Perianna Sethupathi Mark Kraus George Dunea Jose AL Arruda | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，9： | 2 |
| 19 | Recommendations for Comprehensive Stroke Centers: A Consensus Statement From the Brain Attack Coalition显示文摘 | Mark J. Alberts Richard E. Latchaw Warren R. Selman Timothy Shephard Mark N. Hadley Lawrence M. Brass Walter Koroshetz John R. Marler John Booss Richard D. Zorowitz Janet B. Croft Ellen Magnis Diane Mulligan Andrew Jagoda Robert O’Connor C Michael Cawley | 2005 | Stroke2005，，7： | 2 |
| 20 | Systemic chemotherapy with or without cetuximab in patients with resectable colorectal liver metastasis: the New EPOC randomised controlled trial显示文摘 | John Primrose Stephen Falk Meg Finch-Jones Juan Valle Derek O’Reilly Ajith Siriwardena Joanne Hornbuckle Mark Peterson Myrddin Rees Tim Iveson Tamas Hickish Rachel Butler Louise Stanton Elizabeth Dixon Louisa Little Megan Bowers Sian Pugh O James Garden D | 2014 | Lancet Oncology2014，，6： | 2 |
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