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| 1 | 产后出血的预防和处理指南显示文摘目的:为产后出血(PPH)的预防和临床处理作一综述,为临床医师提供预防和处理产后出血的指南。涉及方面:预防、适当干预、使其影响最小化的方法。结果:建立常规,便于临床医师鉴别可能的高危人群,一旦发生产后过多出血,可指导临床如何迅速处理。证据:遵循加拿大定期健康检查办公室制定的证据等级。评估:由产科专家完善。利弊和成本:评估子宫收缩药和其他积极处理措施的方便性、正确性、有效性和安全性。建议:根据证据的等级,本指南分等级列出了12条建议。确认:按照MeSH词表推荐的postpartum haemorrhage在medline上查询相关文献,在Cochrane图书馆查找相关研究文献,并参考the ALARMcourse Manual。发起人:由产科临床实践委员会制定和综述,并由SOGC(加拿大妇产科协会)委员会批准。 | Nan Schuurmans MD FRCSC, Edmonton AB Catherine MacKinnon MD FRCSC, Brantford ON Carolyn Lane MD CCFP Calgary AB Duncan Etches MD CCFP Vancouver BC 刘铭(译) 段涛(译) | 2007 | 现代妇产科进展2007，16，3： | 152 |
| 2 | 未破裂颅内动脉瘤患者管理指南美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会针对医疗专业人员的指南显示文摘目的这份更新版指南旨在为未破裂颅内动脉瘤患者的管理提供全面的循证建议。方法写作组采用系统文献回顾(1977年1月至2014年6月),参考同期已发表的循证指南、个人文件和专家意见来总结现有的证据,指出现有知识的差距;如果合适,则根据美国心脏协会( American Heart Association, AHA)标准做出推荐。本指南经过了包括卒中委员会领导层以及AHA科学声明监督委员会在内的广泛同行评议,然后由AHA科学咨询和协调委员会审批通过。结果本指南对未破裂颅内动脉瘤患者的医疗诊治提出了循证建议,涉及临床表现、自然史、流行病学、危险因素、筛查、诊断、影像学以及手术和血管内治疗的转归。 | B. Gregory Thompson Robert D. Brown Sepideh Amin-Hanjani Joseph P. Broderick Kevin M. Cockroft E. Sander Connolly Gary R. Duckwiler Catherine C. Harris Virginia J. Howard S. Claiborne (Clay) Johnston Philip M. Meyers Andrew Molyneux Christopher S. Ogilvy Andrew J. Ringer James Torner 肖国栋 徐加平 石际俊 尤寿江 张霞 刘慧慧 曹勇军 | 2015 | 国际脑血管病杂志2015，23，8： | 127 |
| 3 | Extensive translation of circular RNAs driven by N6-methyladenosine显示文摘广泛的 pre-mRNA 拼接背在人的 transcriptome 产生众多的圆形的 RNA (circRNAs ) 。然而,这些 circRNAs 的生物功能仍然保持大部分不清楚。这里,我们报导那 N 6-methyladenosine (m 6 一) , RNA 的最丰富的基础修正,在人的房间从 circRNAs 支持蛋白质翻译的有效开始。我们发现那一致 m 6 A 主题在 circRNAs 和单个 m 6 一个地点是足够的驾驶翻译开始。这 m 6A 驱动的翻译要求开始因素 eIF4G2 和 m 6 读者 YTHDF3,并且被 methyltransferase METTL3/14 提高,在热吃惊之上由 demethylase FTO,和 upregulated 禁止了。通过介绍的 polysome 的进一步的分析,计算预言和集体 spectrometry 揭示那 m 6 circRNAs 的 A 驱动的翻译是普遍的,与有翻译潜力的几百内长的 circRNAs。我们的学习扩展人的 transcriptome 的编码风景,并且在对环境应力的细胞的回答建议导出 circRNA 的蛋白质的一个角色。 | Yun Yang Xiaojuan Fan Miaowei Mao Xiaowei Song Ping Wu6,7 Yang Zhang Yongfeng Jin Yi Yang Ling-Ling Chen Yang Wang Catherine CL Wong Xinshu Xiao Zefeng Wang | 2017 | Cell Research2017，27，5： | 246 |
| 4 | Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy显示文摘Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a pregnancy-specific liver disorder characterized by maternal pruritus in the third trimester, raised serum bile acids and increased rates of adverse fetal outcomes. The etiology of ICP is complex and not fully understood, but it is likely to result from the cholestatic effects of reproductive hormones and their metabolites in genetically susceptible women. Equally unclear are the mechanisms by which the fetal complications occur. This article reviews the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, etiology and management of ICP. | Victoria Geenes Catherine Williamson | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，17： | 55 |
| 5 | Natural history of chronic hepatitis B:Phases in a complex relationship显示文摘Chronic hepatitis B(CHB)is a condition of globalprevalence and its sequelae include cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.The natural history of CHB isa complex interplay of virological,environmental andhost factors.The dynamic relationship between thevirus and host evolves over the duration of the infection and different phases of the disease have been observed and described.These have been conceptualizedin terms of the state of balance between the host immune system and the hepatitis B virus and have beengiven the labels immune tolerant,immune clearance,immune control and immune escape although othernomenclature is also used.Host factors,such as age atinfection,determine progression to chronicity.Virological factors including hepatitis B viral load,mutationsand genotype also have an impact on the adverseoutcomes of the infection,as do hepatotoxic cofactorssuch as alcohol.Our understanding of the natural history of CHB has evolved significantly over the past fewdecades and characterizing the phase of disease ofCHB remains an integral part of managing this virus in the clinic. | Catherine MN Croagh John S Lubel | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，30： | 32 |
| 6 | 学前语言教育的新取向:重视儿童学业语言的发展显示文摘目前国际语言与教育的研究特别关注儿童学业语言的发展和教育。学业语言是儿童语言发展过程中所学习运用的一种特别的语言能力。学业语言是一种可以通过口头语言进行交流,但是具有书面语言特征的语言。学前阶段儿童的学业语言发展具有自身的年龄特点。幼教工作者应该认识到阅读是通向儿童学业语言成长的重要途径;应在阅读基础上或者围绕某个学习内容开展拓展性讨论;应关注说明性讲述活动,帮助学前儿童系统使用学业语言进行表达。 | 周兢 陈思 Catherine Snow Paola Uccelli | 2014 | 学前教育研究2014，，6： | 28 |
| 7 | Genotypes and viral variants in chronic hepatitis B: A review of epidemiology and clinical relevance显示文摘The Hepatitis B Virus(HBV) has a worldwide distribu-tion and is endemic in many populations. It is constantly evolving and 10 genotypic strains have been identified with varying prevalences in different geographic regions. Numerous stable mutations in the core gene and in the su-rface gene of the HBV have also been identified in untreated HBV populations. The genotypes and viral variants have been associated with certain clinical featu-res of HBV related liver disease and Hepatocellu-lar carcinoma. For example Genotype C is associated withlater hepatitis B e antigen(HBe Ag) seroconversion, and more advanced liver disease. Genotype A is associated with a greater risk of progression to chronicity in adu-lt acqu-ired HBV infections. Genotype D is particu-larly associated with the precore mu-tation and HBe Ag negative chronic hepatitis B(CHB). The genotypes prevalent in parts of West Africa, Central and Sou-th America, E, F and H respectively, are less well stu-died. Viral variants especially the Basal Core Promotor mutation is associated with increased risk of fibrosis and cancer of the liver. Althou-gh not cu-rrently part of rou-tine clinical care, evalu-ation of genotype and viral variants may provide u-sefu-l adju-nctive information in predicting risk abou-t liver related morbidity in patients with CHB. | Catherine MN Croagh Paul V Desmond Sally J Bell | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，3： | 24 |
| 8 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and T-cell responses: what we do and don't know显示文摘Granulocyte 巨噬细胞刺激殖民地的因素(GM-CSF ) 是一个重要造血的生长因素和有免疫力的调节的人。GM-CSF 也在各种各样的传播白血球的功能的活动有深刻效果。它被许多房间类型在收到有免疫力的刺激之上包括 T 房间,巨噬细胞, endothelial 房间和成纤维细胞生产。尽管 GM-CSF 局部地被生产,它能以一种 paracrine 方式行动到在主人防卫提高他们的功能的成员传播 neutrophils,单核白血球和淋巴细胞。最近的集中的调查为它增加树枝状的房间(DC ) 成熟和功能以及巨噬细胞活动的能力作为一个有免疫力的助手在 GM-CSF 的应用程序上被集中。在经历化疗的癌症病人对待嗜中性白血球减少症临床上被使用,在在治疗期间的爱滋病病人,并且在在骨髓移植以后的病人。有趣地, GM-CSF-deficient 老鼠的造血的系统看起来正常;最重要的变化在一些特定的 T 房间回答。尽管 GM-CSF 的分子的克隆用 T 房间的 cDNA 图书馆被执行, T 房间在激活以后生产 GM-CSF,是众所周知的,在 T 房间功能上有在由 T 房间和它的效果的生产的这 cytokine 的系统的调查的缺乏。在这篇文章,我们将在 T 房间主要集中于 GM-CSF 的免疫生物学。 | Yufang Shi Catherine H Liu Arthur I Roberts Jyoti Das Guangwu Xu Guangwen Ren Yingyu Zhang Liying Zhang Zeng Rong Yuan Hung Sheng William Tan Gobardhan Das Satish Devadas | 2006 | Cell Research2006，16，2： | 22 |
| 9 | Neutrophil depletion-but not prevention of Kupffer cell activation-decreases the severity of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis显示文摘瞄准:为了决定嗜中性的弄空和 Kupffer 房间抑制是否可能联合,他们的 protective 完成尖锐胰腺炎的严厉到减少。方法:老鼠有 cerulein 管理导致尖锐胰腺炎并且是有任何一个反老鼠 neutrophil 浆液或金轧氯化物(GdCl3 ) 的 pretreated 阻止 Kupffer 房间激活,或两个处理。损害在胰和肺被估计。Myeloperoxidases (军邮局) 估计了嗜中性的渗入。Interleukin-6 (IL-6 ) 和 IL-10 在浆液,胰,肺和肝被测量。结果:在有尖锐胰腺炎的老鼠,嗜中性的弄空减少了胰腺炎和联系胰腺炎的肺损害的严厉。在由 GdCl3 的激活的 Kupffer 房间有更少的保护的效果,尽管 IL-6 和 IL-10 集中显著地被减少。嗜中性的弄空带的普雷茨氏疗法没被 Kupffer 房间在激活提高,两个处理没联合他们的保护的效果。结论:当 Kupffer 房间激活的角色是不太明显的时,我们的结果在在尖锐胰腺炎加重机关损害证实激活的 neutrophils 的角色。 | Catherine M Pastor Alain Vonlaufen Fabianna Georgi Antoine Hadengue Philippe Morel Jean-Louis Frossard | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，8： | 22 |
| 10 | 动态能力理论:源起、评述与研究展望显示文摘在对战略管理理论发展历程简要回顾的基础上,通过对现有资源观研究的评估和梳理,确定了动态能力需要解决的关键问题。澄清了动态能力的概念,并识别了反映企业间动态能力共同特性的三个成份因子。构建了一个包括动态能力前因、过程和结果的整合框架的研究模型,总结了三个命题。最后讨论了相关的管理启示。 | 祝志明 杨乃定 Sarlandie de La Robertie Catherine 高婧 | 2008 | 科学学与科学技术管理2008，29，9： | 19 |
| 11 | TNF-α Induces Transient Resistance to Fas-Induced Apoptosis in Eosinophilic Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells显示文摘Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) has been recognized as an activator of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), a factor implicated in the protection of many cell types from apoptosis. We and others have presented evidence to suggest that Fas-induced apoptosis may be an important aspect of the resolution of inflammation, and that delayed resolution of inflammation may be directly associated with NF-κB-dependent resistance to Fas. Because TNF-α activates NF-κB in many cell types including inflammatory cells such as eosinophils, we examined effects of TNF-α signaling on the Fas-mediated killing of an eosinophilic cell line AML14. While agonist anti-Fas (CH11) treatment induced apoptosis in AML14 cells, no significant cell death occurred in response to TNF-α alone. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) revealed that TNF-α induced NF-κB transactivation in AML14 cells in a time- and dose-dependent fashion, and subsequent supershift assays indicated that the translocated NF-κB was the heterodimer p65 (RelA)/p50. Pre-treatment of cells with TNF-α dramatically decreased the CH11-induced cell death in a transient fashion, accompanied by suppression of activation of caspase-8 and caspase-3 activation. Inhibition of NF-κB transactivation by inhibitors, BAY 11-7085 and parthenolide, reversed the suppression of Fas-mediated apoptosis by TNF-α. Furthermore, TNF-α up-regulated X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) transiently and XIAP levels were correlated with the temporal pattern of TNF-α protection against Fas-mediated apoptosis. This finding suggested that TNF-α may contribute to the prolonged survival of inflammatory cells by suppression of Fas-mediated apoptosis, the process involved with NF-κB transactivation,anti-apoptotic XIAP up-regulation and caspase | Yimin Qin Sogyong Auh Lyubov Blokh Catherine Long Isabelle Gagnon Kimm J. Hamann | 2007 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2007，4，1： | 19 |
| 12 | Hepatitis B virus infection of transplanted human hepatocytes causes a biochemical and histological hepatitis in immunocompetent rats显示文摘AIM: To characterize the host response to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in human hepatocytes transplanted into immunocompetent rodent rats tolerized by, and transplanted with primary human hepatocytes.METHODS: One week after the transplantation, rats were inoculated with HBV, and viral gene expression, replication,and host response was monitored.RESULTS: HBV DNA was detectable in serum for at least 60 days. HBsAg levels rose steadily for 3 weeks postinoculation and then plateaued at a level of about 0.6 pg/mi. HBV RNA was also found in liver at levels that remained constant through the time course. Immunofluorescence revealed clusters of hepatocytes that stained positive for HBcAg. The presence of HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) in liver was demonstrated using nuclease digestion of single-stranded DNA followed by PCR. Serum ALT levels rose and reached a peak level of 180 IU/L on day 18, but remained elevated for 60 days. Histology revealed a progressive predominantly mononuclear lobular hepatitis.CONCLUSION: These data indicate that human hepatocytestransplanted into rats rendered tolerant to these cells, when infected by HBV, results in biochemical as well as histological evidence of hepatitis that accompanies viral gene expression,and DNA replication. | Catherine H.Wu Edwin C.Ouyang Cherie Walton Kittichai Promrat Faripour Forouhar George Y. Wu | 2003 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2003，9，5： | 19 |
| 13 | 广式腊肠干燥及贮藏过程中主要理化特性的变化显示文摘为了准确把握和控制广式腊肠加工贮藏过程中脂肪氧化和水解反应引起的理化指标和风味等变化,本文系统研究了烘烤和传统日晒两种加工方式生产出的广式腊肠的酸价、过氧化值、含水率等理化指标的变化。结果表明:加工过程中烘烤肠含水量、酸价及过氧化值的变化速度较日晒肠大,而贮藏过程中,日晒腊肠的酸价及过氧化值的变化速度高于烘烤腊肠。真空包装对酸价无明显抑制,但对过氧化值有明显的抑制作用。贮藏温度与酸价和过氧化值呈正相关,但在100d的贮藏期内广式腊肠的过氧化值均未超过国家标准,而无论是日晒肠还是烘干肠的酸价,即使在10℃抽真空包装的理想贮藏条件下,在60d和80d时分别超过了国家标准。烘烤腊肠在30℃散装贮藏条件下保质期为20d,添加0.15%瓜尔豆胶及0.15%硬脂酰乳酸钠可使腊肠保质期延长到60d左右。 | 白福玉 郭善广 蒋爱民 Edward W.Mills Catherine N.Cutter 何新良 王志江 何文新 | 2009 | 农业工程学报2009，25，S1： | 18 |
| 14 | The Simultaneous Repression Of CCR and CAD, Two Enzymes of the Lignin Biosynthetic Pathway, Results in Sterility and Dwarfism in Arabidopsis thaliana显示文摘Cinnamoyl CoA reductase (CCR ) 和 cinnamyl 白酒脱氢酶(CAD ) 催化 monolignol 生合成的最后步骤。在 Arabidopsis,一 CCR 基因(CCR1, At1g15950 ) 并且二 CAD 基因(CAD C At3g19450 和 CAD D At4g34230 ) 涉及这条小径。三倍的恶棍 c 恶棍 d ccr1 变异的、命名 ccc,被获得。这异种显示严格的矮子显型和男绝育。在 ccc 的木质素内容成熟的茎被归结为 50% 野类型的水平。另外,茎木质素结构严重地被影响,在抵抗内部单位的契约和加入由戏剧的丰富出现进象 coniferaldehyde 那样的 monolignol 先锋的聚合物 sinapaldehyde,和 ferulic 酸。男绝育由于在花药内层的木质化的缺乏,它引起花药裂开并且花粉版本的失败。ccc hypolignified 茎积累黄酮醇 glycosides, sinapoyl malate 和 feruloyl malate 的更高的数量,它建议酉分的小径的重定向。因此, CAD 和 CCR 的缺席, monolignol 小径的关键酶,比他们中的每的单个缺席在显型上有更严重的后果。另一 CCR 感应(CCR2, At1g80820 ) 并且另一 CAD (CAD1, At4g39330 ) 不补偿主要 CCR 和 CAD 活动的缺席。CCR 和 CAD 活动的这缺乏不仅影响木质化,而且严重地影响植物的发展。当试着减少植物的木质素内容以便便于 lignocellulose-to-bioethanol 变换过程时,这些后果必须小心地被考虑。 | Johanne Thevenin Brigitte Pollet Bruno Letarnec Luc Saulnier Lionel Gissot Alessandra Maia-Grondard Catherine Lapierre Lise Jouanin | 2011 | Molecular Plant2011，4，1： | 18 |
| 15 | 中国香港双语儿童初步阅读能力与语音、文字加工关系的研究显示文摘采用音节检测、短时言语记忆、快速命名等语音加工任务和汉字、字母、数字等方向加工任务,探讨语音和文字加工在儿童初步阅读中的作用,116名6岁左右的香港双语儿童参加了测试。结果表明:语音加工能力是跨语言的比较稳定的因素,是预测汉语和英语阅读的较好指标;文字加工具有特异性,即汉字方向加工只能预测汉语阅读,字母方向加工则预测英语阅读。 | 钟毅平 Catherine Mcbride-Chang Connie Suk-Han Ho | 2002 | 心理科学2002，25，2： | 17 |
| 16 | MiR-9 reduces human acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase-1 to decrease THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cell formation显示文摘MicroRNAs (miRNAs ) post-transcriptionally 由指向 mRNAs 调整基因表示并且控制大量生物函数。最近的研究显示了 miRNAs 能在哺乳动物调整类脂化合物和胆固醇新陈代谢。酰辅酶 A:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT ) 是在细胞的胆固醇新陈代谢的关键酶。积累的 cholesteryl 酉旨被 ACAT1 主要在泡沫房间的形成期间综合,早动脉粥样硬化患者损害的一个特点。这里,我们表明 miR-9 能指向人的 ACAT1 mRNA 的 3-untranslated 区域,明确地在不同人的房间线减少人的 ACAT1 或记者萤火虫酶(Fluc ) 蛋白质然而并非他们的 mRNAs,并且机能上地减少从 THP-1-derived 巨噬细胞的泡沫房间的形成。我们的调查结果建议 miR-9 可能是在细胞的胆固醇动态平衡和减少的一个重要管理者在由减少 ACAT1 蛋白质的 vivo 的泡沫房间的形成。 | Jiajia Xu Guangjing Hu Ming Lu Ying Xiong Qin Li Catherine C.Y. Chang Baoliang Song Tayuan Chang Boliang Li | 2013 | Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica2013，45，11： | 17 |
| 17 | 学业语言:教育必须重视的学习者语言能力构建显示文摘本文综合和归纳了国际范围近年来对学业语言这一热点话题研究和探索的最新进展,讨论了学业语言的发展与儿童阅读、其他学科的学业水平之间的关系、阐述了学业语言概念的核心内涵、儿童学业语言能力的发展变化规律,以及教育者应如何在实际的学科教学中渗透学业语言的概念,帮助儿童学业语言获得进步。 | 周兢 陈思 Catherine Snow Paola Uccelli | 2013 | 全球教育展望2013，42，12： | 17 |
| 18 | Effective simulation of flexible lateral boundaries in two-and three-dimensional DEM simulations显示文摘Discrete element method (DEM) models to simulate laboratory element tests play an important role in advancing our understanding of the mechanics of granular material response, including bonded or cemented, particulate materials. Comparisons of the macro-scale response observed in a real physical test and a 'virtual' DEM-simulated test can calibrate or validate DEM models. The detailed, particle scale information provided in the DEM simulation can then be used to develop our understanding of the material behaviour. It is important to accurately model the physical test boundary conditions in these DEM simulations. This paper specifically considers triaxial tests as these tests are commonly used in soil mechanics. In a triaxial test, the test specimen of granular material is enclosed within a flexible latex membrane that allows the material to deform freely during testing, while maintaining a specified stress condition. Triaxial tests can only be realistically simulated in 3D DEM codes, however analogue, 2D, biaxial DEM simulations are also often considered as it is easier to visualize particle interactions in two dimensions. This paper describes algorithms to simulate the lateral boundary conditions imposed by the latex membrane used in physical triaxial tests in both 2D and 3D DEM simulations. The importance of carefully considering the lateral boundary conditions in DEM simulations is illustrated by considering a 2D biaxial test on a specimen of frictional unbonded disks and a 3D triaxial test on a bonded (cemented) specimen of spheres. The comparisons indicate that the lateral boundary conditions have a more significant influence on the local, particle-scale response in comparison with the overall macro-scale observations. | Geraldine Cheung Catherine O'Sullivan | 2008 | Particuology2008，6，6： | 17 |
| 19 | Disruption of the Sugar Transporters AtSWEET11 and AtSWEET12 Affects Vascular Development and Freezing Tolerance in Arabidopsis显示文摘Dear Editor, In plants,the transport of sugars from the site of biosynthesis to the site of utilization or storage relies on sugar transporters located in different subcellular compartments and different vascular cell types.The SWEET sugar transporter family is one such class and is represented by 17 members in Arabidopsis.AtSWEET1 was the first plant SWEET transporter to be characterized;it acts as a glucose uniporter in multiple systems (Chen et al.,2010). | Rozenn Le Hir Lara Spinner Patrick A. W. Klemens Dipankar Chakraborti Federica de Marco Francoise Vilaine Nelly Wolff Remi Lemoine Benoit Porcheron Carine Gery Evelyne Teoule Salem Chabout Gregory Mouille H. Ekkehard Neuhaus Sylvie Dinant Catherine Bellini | 2015 | Molecular Plant2015，8，11： | 16 |
| 20 | Fibrodynamics-elucidation of the mechanisms and sites of liver fibrogenesis显示文摘 | Catherine H. Wu Ph. D.(Department of Medicine,Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, University of Connec ticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, Connecticut06030, USA) | 1999 | World Journal of Gastroenterology1999，5，5： | 15 |
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