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| 1 | 早期干预促进早产儿智能发育显示文摘目的改善早产儿的预后,进行早期干预的协作研究。方法将103例早产儿随机分为干预组(52例)和常规育儿组(51例)。正常对照组(53例)。干预组从新生儿期开始接受智能早期干预,早产儿两组的围产期情况相似。结果纠正年龄1岁半、2岁时干预组精神发育指数(MDI)比常规育儿组平均高138和146(P<0.001),达正常组水平(P>0.05)。而常规育儿组MDI比正常对照组分别低115分和89分(P<0.05)。其中智力低下4例(7.8%)(4/51),干预组中无一例智力低下。结论早期干预可以促进早产儿智能发育,有利于防治其智力低下。 | Early Intervention of Premature Infant Coorperative Research Group, Beijing 100730 | 1998 | 中华儿科杂志1998，36，10： | 47 |
| 2 | A New Platy-armored Worm from the Early Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstatte,South China显示文摘The Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstatte provides a good window to explore the origin and radiation of early bilaterians. Here we describe a netted sclerite-bearing worm Tabelliscolex hexagonus gen. et sp. nov., and tentatively assign it to palaeoscolecidans of priapulids. The cuticle of the animal is covered with two kinds of platy sclerites which are constructed by hexagonally arranged tubercles. Similar structures of the sclerites can be seen on some Cambrian palaeoscolecidans and lobopods, so, this new species is critical for understanding the relationships between lobopods and palaeoscolecidans. | HAN Jian, ZHANG Xingliang, ZHANG Zhifei and SHU Degan Early Life Institute and Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710069, | 2003 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2003，77，1： | 15 |
| 3 | A paleontological perspective of vertebrate origin显示文摘The Early Cambrian Haikouichthys and Haikouella have been claimed to be related to contribute in an important way to our understanding of vertebrate origin, but there have been heated debates about how exactly they are to be interpreted. New discoveries of numerous speci-mens of Haikouichthys not only confirm the identity of pre-viously described structures such as the dorsal and the ven-tral fins, and chevron-shaped myomeres, but also reveal many new important characteristics, including sensory or-gans of the head (e.g. large eyes), and a prominent notochord with differentiated vertebral elements. This 揻irst fish?ap-pears, however, to retain primitive reproductive features of acraniates, suggesting that it is a stem-group craniates. A new order (Myllokunmingiida) and a new family (Myllo-kunmingiidae) are erected, and a new species, Zhongjianich-thys rostratus (gen. et sp. nov.), is described herein. Over 1400 newly-discovered specimens of Haikouella provide a wealth of anatomical information on this organism. It differs from chordates in many organs and organ systems, including the skin, muscles, respiratory, circulatory and nervous sys-tems. In contrast, its body-design resembles that of vetuli-colians, and the presence of a 搕ransitional?nervous system with both dorsal and ventral nerve cords suggests an affinity with living hemichordates. On the basis of these and other recent findings of fossil deuterostomes, a five-step hypothesis for vertebrate origin is proposed, intended to bridge the long- standing gap between protostomes and vertebrates. Four of the five steps accord with established ideas current in modern evolutionary zoology. Evidence for the first step is obtainable only from fossils, and specifically from fossils found from South China, hence the crucial importance of S. China sites for our understanding of early vertebrate origins and evolution. Accordingly, South China is suggested as the oldest-known birthplace of the whole vertebrates. | SHU Degan Early Life Institute & Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi抋n, 710069, China School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China (e-mail: elidgshu@ nwn.edu.cn) | 2003 | Chinese Science Bulletin2003，48，8： | 11 |
| 4 | Surveillance of Childhood Blood Lead Levels in 14 Cities of China in 2004-2006显示文摘Objective To investigate the blood lead level in children aged 0-6 years in urban areas of China. Methods Fourteen cities were selected as sites under surveillance. A total of 44 045 peripheral blood specimens were collected from 2004 to 2006, during which 15 727, 14 737, and 13 584 specimens were tested in 2004, 2005, and 2006, respectively. Tungsten atomizer absorption spectrophotometer was employed to determine blood lead level. Results The geometric mean blood lead level in the tested children was 47.10 μg/L with 10.10% ≥100 μg/L, 46.17 μg/L with 7.78% ≥100 μg/L, and 47.03 μg/L with 7.30% ≥100 μg/L in 2004, 2005, and 2006, respectively. The blood lead levels seemed to tend to rise in parallel with the increase of age of the children and were higher in boys (48.84 μg/L, 47.56 μg/L, and 47.78 μg/L in the 3 respective years) than in girls (45.00 μg/L, 44.53 μg/L, and 46.13 μg/L). Conclusion The blood lead levels in children in cities of China are lower than those in previous national studies, but higher than those in developed countries. Childhood lead poisoning remains a public health problem in China. | SHUAI-MING ZHANG, YAO-HUA DAI1, XIAO-HUA XIE, ZHAO-YANG FAN, ZANG-WEN TAN, AND YAN-FENG ZHANG Department of Early Childhood Development, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China | 2009 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2009，22，4： | 10 |
| 5 | 启东肝癌早诊早治示范基地项目工作进展显示文摘[目的]在肝癌高发现场开展肝癌的筛查以发现早期肝癌病例、落实及时的、适宜的治疗措施。[方法]肝癌的筛查经历了不同的过程,从筛查自然人群到选择特定的目标人群,筛查乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性者作为肝癌的高危险人群,从现场摸索到系统地实践并加以研究,目前按照中国癌症基金会对'早诊早治示范基地'制订并提出的方案和流程,采用甲胎蛋白(AFP)加B超检测的方法对肝癌实行一年两次的筛查;对AFP异常者实施临床随访复查,直至交临床确诊并治疗。[结果]20世纪70年代之初,在启东自然人群中检测AFP200多万人次,其中普查近180万人次,检出肝癌1000多例,其中早期(Ⅰ期)病例达到35%。80年代末到90年代初,在目标人群中筛查到5581例HBsAg阳性者,确定了肝癌高危险人群筛检模式和可行方案。2007年以来,AFP筛查启东6个乡镇29233人,查出HBsAg阳性者2878人(9.85%),每年接受两次AFP检测、B超检查(复查)。三年筛查共发现64例肝癌新病例,肝癌发病率为1882.53/10万人年。其中早期肝癌为45例,早期诊断率为70.31%。64例筛查病例中,52例(81.25%)落实了及时的适宜治疗:有12例(18.75%)因经济或思想原因而放弃复诊或放弃治疗,其中6例为早期肝癌。其中在2009年上半年的筛查中,筛查高危人群9926人,查出HBsAg阳性者840人(8.46%),其中670人参加了B超复查(79.76),发现肝癌12例;对原有的HBsAg阳性者进行复查,也发现12例肝癌。此24例中,19例为早期肝癌病例(79.17%),17例及时落实了治疗(87.57%)。[结论]AFP筛查一直是现场肝癌早诊中最常用的检测方法,现场高危人群是筛查的最佳目标人群,AFP检测加B超检查已被证明是肝癌最有效的早期发现和早期诊断手段。有效的组织管理、完善的技术方案和健全的技术队伍可以保证筛查的质量、提高早期病人的发现率,并落实适宜的早期治疗措施。早期病人在落实治疗过程中遇到的经济原因和思想问题,是卫生体制改革、新农合保障机制、二级预防和防癌宣传方面值得继续探讨的课题。 | Group of Early Detection and Treatment,Research Institute of Liver Cancer of Qidong City,Jiangsu Province,Qidong 226200,China | 2009 | 中国肿瘤2009，18，9： | 7 |
| 6 | 中国文明起源和早期国家形态研讨会发言摘要显示文摘On 22-23 July, 2000, the Museum of Chinese History, Editorial Department of Kaogu (Archaeology) and that of Lishi Yanjiu (Historical Studies) held jointly in Beijing the Symposium on the Origins of Chinese Civilization and the Form of Early States. Nearly 30 scholars warmly discussed related problems, including the basic elements of Chinese civilization at the formative stage, the course of origination of Chinese civilization and formation of early Chinese state, the characteristic features of early Chinese state, and the suitable form showing the stage of civilization origination and state formation at the future 'Exhibition of Chinese History' . The published here are the main points of the speeches delivered by the scholars who attended the symposium. | Secretariat of the Symposium on the Origins of Chinese Civilization and the Form of Early States, | 2001 | 考古2001，，2： | 6 |
| 7 | Diabetes mellitus increases risk for colorectal adenomas in younger patients显示文摘AIM:To determine if diabetes mellitus(DM)is associated with increased risk of colorectal adenomas in younger subjects.METHODS:This was a retrospective cohort study of375 patients undergoing index colonoscopy at a single tertiary care center in the United States.Three cohorts of patients matched for exam date and gender were compared:(1)ages 40-49 years with DM;(2)ages40-49 years without DM;and(3)ages 50-59 years without DM.Data collected included demographics,co-morbidities,colonoscopy and pathology results.Adenoma detection rates(ADR)were calculated and compared.Conditional logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association between each cohort and ADR.RESULTS:One hundred and twenty-five patients ages40-49 with DM met study eligibility criteria.Patients in the other two cohorts were randomly selected,match-ing for date of exam and gender.ADR was 14.4%in those ages 40-49 years without DM,30.4%in those ages 40-49 years with DM,and 32.0%in those ages50-59 years without DM.Compared to those ages40-49 years without DM,ADR was higher in those ages40-49 years with DM(OR=3.1;95%CI:1.5-6.4;P=0.002)and those ages 50-59 years without DM(OR=2.9;95%CI:1.5-5.6;P=0.002).There was no difference between the ADR in those ages 40-49 years with DM and those ages 50-59 years without DM(P=0.83).CONCLUSION:DM was associated with higher risk of colorectal adenomas in patients ages 40-49 years.These subjects harbored as many adenomas as those at the standard screening age of 50-59 years without DM. | Hongha T Vu Nneka Ufere Yan Yan Jean S Wang Dayna S Early Jill E Elwing | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，22： | 5 |
| 8 | The diagnostic accuracy of 22-gauge and 25-gauge needles in endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration of solid pancreatic lesions: a meta-analysis显示文摘 | M. Madhoun S. Wani A. Rastogi D. Early S. Gaddam W. Tierney J. Maple | 2013 | Endoscopy2013，，02： | 4 |
| 9 | Early Wound Complications of Operative Treatment of Calcaneus Fractures: Analysis of 190 Fractures显示文摘 | Jason W. Folk Adam J. Starr John S. Early | 1999 | Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma1999，，5： | 3 |
| 10 | The Role of Endoscopy in the Assessment and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer显示文摘 | J.A. Evans D.S. Early V. Chandraskhara K.V. Chathadi R. Fanelli D.A. Fisher K. Foley J.H. Hwang T.L. Jue S. Pasha R. Sharaf A. Shergill J.A. Dominitz B.D. Cash | 2012 | Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2012，，： | 2 |
| 11 | Appropriate use of GI endoscopy显示文摘 | Dayna S. Early Tamir Ben-Menachem G. Anton Decker John A. Evans Robert D. Fanelli Deborah A. Fisher Norio Fukami Joo Ha Hwang Rajeev Jain Terry L. Jue Khalid M. Khan Phyllis M. Malpas John T. Maple Ravi S. Sharaf Jason A. Dominitz Brooks D. Cash | 2012 | Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2012，，6： | 2 |
| 12 | Tamoxifen for early breast cancer: An overview of the randomized trials显示文摘 | Early Breast Cancer Trialists Collaborative Group | 1998 | Lancet1998，351，： | 2 |
| 13 | Comparisons between different polychemotherapy regimens for early breast cancer: meta-analyses of long-term outcome among 100 000 women in 123 randomised trials显示文摘 | Early Breast Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group (EBCTCG) | 2012 | 2012 (9814)2012，，9814： | 2 |
| 14 | 16 S rRNA survey revealed complex bacterial communities and evidence of bacterial interference on human adenoids显示文摘 | Tiantian Ren Dominique Ulrike Glatt Tam Nhu Nguyen Emma Kaitlynn Allen Stephen V. Early Michele Sale Birgit Winther Martin Wu | 2012 | Environ Microbiol2012，，2： | 2 |
| 15 | Incidence of Sedation-Related Complications With Propofol Use During Advanced Endoscopic Procedures显示文摘 | Gregory A. Coté Robert M. Hovis Michael A. Ansstas Lawrence Waldbaum Riad R. Azar Dayna S. Early Steven A. Edmundowicz Daniel K. Mullady Sreenivasa S. Jonnalagadda | 2010 | Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology2010，，2： | 2 |
| 16 | Adverse events of upper GI endoscopy显示文摘 | Tamir Ben-Menachem G. Anton Decker Dayna S. Early Jerry Evans Robert D. Fanelli Deborah A. Fisher Laurel Fisher Norio Fukami Joo Ha Hwang Steven O. Ikenberry Rajeev Jain Terry L. Jue Khalid M. Khan Mary L. Krinsky Phyllis M. Malpas John T. Maple Ravi N. S | 2012 | Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2012，，4： | 2 |
| 17 | Complications of ERCP显示文摘 | Michelle A. Anderson Laurel Fisher Rajeev Jain John A. Evans Vasundhara Appalaneni Tamir Ben-Menachem Brooks D. Cash G. Anton Decker Dayna S. Early Robert D. Fanelli Deborah A. Fisher Norio Fukami Joo Ha Hwang Steven O. Ikenberry Terry L. Jue Khalid M. Kh | 2012 | Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2012，，3： | 2 |
| 18 | Guidelines for endoscopy in pregnant and lactating women显示文摘 | Amandeep K. Shergill Tamir Ben-Menachem Vinay Chandrasekhara Krishnavel Chathadi G. Anton Decker John A. Evans Dana S. Early Robert D. Fanelli Deborah A. Fisher Kimberly Q. Foley Norio Fukami Joo Ha Hwang Rajeev Jain Terry L. Jue Khalid M. Khan Jennifer L | 2012 | Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2012，，1： | 2 |
| 19 | Prevalence of missed adenomas in patients with inadequate bowel preparation on screening colonoscopy显示文摘 | Reena V. Chokshi Christine E. Hovis Thomas Hollander Dayna S. Early Jean S. Wang | 2012 | Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2012，，6： | 2 |
| 20 | Results of the TIMI IIIB显示文摘 | TIM/IIIB investigators effects of tissue plasrninogen activator and comparison of early Invasive and conservative st rategies in unstable angina and Non-Q-wave myocardial infraction | 1994 | Circulation1994，89，： | 1 |
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