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| 1 | Single-nucleotide polymorphisms among microRNA:big effects on cancer显示文摘MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the transcriptional or posttranscriptional level.Many miRNAs are found to play a significant role in cancer development either as tumor suppressor genes or as oncogenes.Examination of tumor-specific miRNA expression profiles in diverse cancers has revealed widespread deregulation of these molecules,whose loss and overexpression respectively have diagnostic and prognostic significance.Genetic variations,mostly single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) within miRNA sequences or their target sites,have been found to be associated with many kinds of cancers.In this review,we summarize the current knowledge of miRNAs including their biogenesis and role in cancer development,and finally,how SNPs among miRNAs affect miRNA biogenesis and contribute to cancer. | Feng-Ju Song1,2 and Ke-Xin Chen1,2 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,1Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital and Institute,Tianjin 300060,P.R.China Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy,2Tianjin Medical University,Ministry of Education,Tianjin 300060,P.R.China | 2011 | Chinese Journal of Cancer2011，30，6： | 11 |
| 2 | Clinical practice guideline for breast fibroadenoma: Chinese Society of Breast Surgery (CSBrS) practice guideline 2021显示文摘Breast fibroadenoma is the most common benign tumor of the breast in women,and can occur at all ages.However,these tumors are more commonly seen in women aged 15 to 35 years.[1]Most fibroadenomas often undergo self-limited growth and usually stabilize after several years.The clinical diagnosis is mainly based on clinical palpation and ultrasonographic examination,while the golden standard diagnosis is pathological examination.To standardize the clinical diagnosis and treatment of breast fibroadenoma,the Chinese Society of Breast Surgery(CSBrS)conducted a literature review of experts’opinions,and determined the key clinical questions for the clinical practice guideline of breast fibroadenoma.The group evaluated the relevant evidences using the grading of recommendations assessment,development,and evaluation system,and developed the clinical practice guideline for breast fibroadenoma:CSBrS practice guideline 2021,with the aim of providing clinical practice guidance to breast surgeons in China. | Yuan Peng Fei Xie Yi Zhao Shu Wang Chinese Society of Breast Surgery | 2021 | Chinese Medical Journal2021，，9： | 10 |
| 3 | Multicenter study of the clinicopathological features and recurrence risk prediction model of early-stage breast cancer with low-positive human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 expression in China (Chinese Society of Breast Surgery 021)显示文摘Background:Breast cancer with low-positive human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)expression has triggered further refinement of evaluation criteria for HER2 expression.We studied the clinicopathological features of early-stage breast cancer with low-positive HER2 expression in China and analyzed prognostic factors.Methods:Clinical and pathological data and prognostic information of patients with early-stage breast cancer with low-positive HER2 expression treated by the member units of the Chinese Society of Breast Surgery and Chinese Society of Surgery of Chinese Medical Association,from January 2015 to December 2016 were collected.The prognostic factors of these patients were analyzed.Results:Twenty-nine hospitals provided valid cases.From 2015 to 2016,a total of 25,096 cases of early-stage breast cancer were treated,7642(30.5%)of which had low-positive HER2 expression and were included in the study.After ineligible cases were excluded,6486 patients were included in the study.The median follow-up time was 57 months(4-76 months).The disease-free survival rate was 92.1%at 5 years,and the overall survival rate was 97.4%at 5 years.At the follow-up,506(7.8%)cases of metastasis and 167(2.6%)deaths were noted.Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that tumor stage,lymphvascular invasion,and the Ki67 index were related to recurrence and metastasis(P<0.05).The recurrence risk prediction model was established using a machine learning model and showed that the area under the receiving operator characteristic curve was 0.815(95%confidence interval:0.750-0.880).Conclusions:Early-stage breast cancer patients with low-positive HER2 expression account for 30.5%of all patients.Tumor stage,lymphvascular invasion,and the Ki67 index are factors affecting prognosis.The recurrence prediction model for breast cancer with low-positive HER2 expression based on a machine learning model had a good clinical reference value for predicting the recurrence risk at 5 years.Trial registration:ChiCTR.org.cn,ChiCTR2100046766. | Ling Xin Qian Wu Chongming Zhan Hongyan Qin Hongyu Xiang Ling Xu Jingming Ye Xuening Duan Yinhua Liu Chinese Society of Breast Surgery(CSBrS) Chinese Society of Surgery of Chinese Medical Association | 2022 | Chinese Medical Journal2022，，6： | 9 |
| 4 | Multi-center investigation of breast reconstruction after mastectomy from Chinese Society of Breast Surgery:A survey based on 31 tertiary hospitals(CSBrS-004)显示文摘Objective:Multi-center data on the current status and trends of breast reconstruction after mastectomy in China are lacking.Herein,we conducted a cross-sectional survey to investigate the current clinical practice pattern of postmastectomy breast reconstruction among Chinese female patients with breast cancer.Methods:A standardized questionnaire used to collect information on breast reconstruction among females diagnosed with breast cancer was distributed by 31 members of the Chinese Society of Breast Surgery between January 1,2018 and December 31,2018.Information was collected on tumor characteristics,treatment,mesh application,nipple-areola complex(NAC)preservation,postoperative complications,bilateral reconstruction,patient satisfaction and local recurrence.The overall rate of breast reconstruction was assessed,and the characteristics were compared across patient groups with different reconstruction approaches.Results:A total of 1,554 patients underwent breast reconstruction after total mastectomy,with a reconstruction rate of 9.6%.Among them,1,190 were implant-based,and 262 underwent autologous reconstructions,while 102 cases underwent a combination of both.Patients who underwent implant-based reconstruction were younger than those who received autologous reconstruction(40.1±4.6 vs.45.0±5.9,P=0.004).Compared to patients with autologous reconstruction,mesh application(25.5%vs.6.5%),NAC preservation(51.8%vs.40.5%)and reconstruction failure(1.8%vs.0)were more frequently reported among those with implant-based reconstruction.There was no significant difference in general satisfaction across three reconstruction approaches,though patients with autologous reconstruction reported the highest aesthetic satisfaction among the three groups(P=0.044).Conclusions:Implant-based breast reconstruction remains the dominant choice among patients,while autologous reconstruction was associated with higher aesthetic satisfaction.Our multi-center investigation based on the findings of the tertiary hospitals of Chinese Society of Breast Surgery may guide a future series of clinical studies on breast reconstruction in China. | Feng Xu Chuqi Lei Heng Cao Jun Liu Jie Li Hongchuan Jiang Chinese Society of Breast Surgery | 2021 | Chinese Journal of Cancer Research2021，33，1： | 7 |
| 5 | Clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of invasive breast cancer:Chinese Society of Breast Surgery(CSBrS)practice guidelines 2021显示文摘The survival of patients with breast cancer has been greatly improved by comprehensive treatment including surgery,radiotherapy,and systemic treatment,among which surgical treatment remains the mainstay.Breast surgeons must not only master surgical skills but also develop the ability to treat disease comprehensively.To improve the ability of breast surgeons in China to diagnose breast cancer early,perform reasonable surgical treatment,and provide comprehensive treatment orientation,the Chinese Society of Breast Surgery(CSBrS)has reported the key issues in the diagnosis and treatment of invasive breast cancer through opinion collection and expert discussion. | Miao Liu Chao-Bin Wang Fei Xie Yuan Peng Shu Wang Chinese Society of Breast Surgery | 2021 | Chinese Medical Journal2021，，9： | 6 |
| 6 | Clinical practice guidelines for post-mastectomy breast reconstruction: Chinese Society of Breast Surgery (CSBrS) practice guidelines 2021显示文摘To promote the standardization of post-mastectomy breast reconstruction in China,the Chinese Society of Breast Surgery(CSBrS)determined the key issues in post-mastectomy breast reconstruction in clinical practice through a literature review and expert discussions,and then developed the CSBrS Clinical Practice Guidelines for Post-mastectomy Breast Reconstruction(2021 version)by systematically assessing relevant published evidence according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development,and Evaluation recommendations and based on the accessibility of clinical practice in China.This guideline provides a reference for Chinese breast surgeons. | Yan-Shuang Li Jun-Xian Du Hong-Chuan Jiang Wei Zhu Chinese Society of Breast Surgery | 2021 | Chinese Medical Journal2021，，19： | 5 |
| 7 | Clinical information and management status of de novo stage IV breast cancer patients: a Chinese multicenter investigation (CSBrS-002)显示文摘Background:Although de novo stage IV breast cancer is so far incurable,it has entered an era of individualized treatment and chronic disease management.Based on systemic treatment,whether the surgical resection of primary or metastatic foci of de novo stage IV breast cancer can bring survival benefits is currently controversial.We aimed to explore the clinicopathological factors and current status of the management of de novo stage IV breast cancer in China to provide a reference for clinical decisions.Methods:Based on the assistance of Chinese Society of Breast Surgery,a retrospective study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of patients with de novo stage IV breast cancer in 33 centers from January 2017 to December 2018.The relationship between basic characteristic(age,menstrual status,family history,reproductive history,pathological type,estrogen receptor[ER]status,progesterone receptor[PR]status,human epidermal growth factor receptor 2[HER2]status,Ki-67 percentage,and molecular subtype),and metastasis sites(lung metastasis,liver metastasis,and bone metastasis)was examined by Pearson Chi-square tests.Results:A total of 468 patients with de novo stage IV breast cancer were enrolled.The median age of the enrolled patients was 51.5 years.The most common pathological type of primary lesion was invasive carcinoma(97.1%).Luminal A,luminal B,HER2 overexpressing,and triple-negative subtypes accounted for 14.3%,51.8%,22.1%,and 11.8% of all cases,respectively.Age,PR status,and HER2 status were correlated with lung metastasis(χ^(2)=6.576,4.117,and 8.643 and P=0.037,0.043,and 0.003,respectively).Pathological type,ER status,PR status,and molecular subtype were correlated with bone metastasis(χ^(2)=5.117,37.511,5.224,and 11.603 and P=0.024,<0.001,0.022,and 0.009,respectively).Age,PR status,HER2 status,Ki-67 percentage,and molecular subtype were correlated with liver metastasis(χ^(2)=11.153,13.378,10.692,21.206,and 17.684 and P=0.004,<0.001,0.001,<0.001,and 0.001,respectively).Combined treatment with paclitaxel and anthracycline was the most common first-line chemotherapy regimen for patients with de novo stage IV breast cancer(51.7%).Overall,91.5% of patients used paclitaxel-containing regimens.Moreover,59.3% of hormone receptor-positive patients underwent endocrine therapy.Conclusions:In 2018,1.07% of patients from all studied centers were diagnosed with de novo stage IV breast cancer.This study indicated that 95.1% of patients received systemic therapy and 54.2% of patients underwent surgical removal of the primary lesion in China. | Ang Zheng Bao-Liang Guo Jian-Guo Zhang Feng Jin Chinese Society of Breast Surgery | 2021 | Chinese Medical Journal2021，，13： | 5 |
| 8 | Functional distinction of rat liver natural killer cells from spleen natural killer cells under normal and acidic conditions in vitro显示文摘BACKGROUND: The microenvironment within solid tumors has often been shown to exhibit an acidic extracellular pH. Although the morphologic and functional differences in natural killer (NK) cells of the liver and spleen have been reported previously under physiological conditions, the difference under acidic conditions is still unclear. This study was to investigate the differences in the morphological and functional characteristics between rat liver and spleen NK cells under normal and acidic conditions in vitro. METHODS: Liver and spleen NK cells were isolated and purified from Sprague-Dawley rats by density gradient centrifugation and the Dynabeads FlowComp TM Flexi system, and stimulated for 4 days with or without IL-2 or treated with low pH or control for different times. Morphology was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), cell death and proliferation assays were performed by flow cytometry, IFN-γ production was tested by ELISA, and cytotoxic activity was evaluated by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay. RESULTS: Liver NK cells had significantly higher levels of cytotoxic activity than spleen NK cells under normal and acidic conditions, and the maximum difference was observed at pH 5.6. Further analysis revealed that the cytotoxic activity of NK cells was correlated with morphology, cell death, proliferative activity and IFN-γ production. By TEM, liver NK cells contained a greater number of electron-dense granules per cell at pH 5.6.Moreover, a modest elevation of cell death and reduction of proliferation of liver NK cells occurred within a range of 5.6-7.2. Interestingly, an acidic extracellular pH only marginally, and not significantly, suppressed IFN-γ production by liver NK cells. CONCLUSION: The sharp morphological and functional differences shown by the two types of NK cells in vitro indicate that liver NK cells are unexpectedly resistant to pH shock. | Li-Hong Lv, Jian-Dong Yu, Guo-Lin Li, Tian-Zhu Long, Wei Zhang, Ya-Jin Chen, Jun Min and Yun-Le Wan Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University Department of Breast Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center Guangzhou 510120, China Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China | 2012 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2012，11，3： | 5 |
| 9 | Clinical practice guidelines for endoscopic breast surgery in patients with early-stage breast cancer:Chinese Society of Breast Surgery(CSBrS)practice guidelines 2021显示文摘Minimally invasive surgical techniques,represented by endoscopic surgery,are one of the major advances in surgery during the 20th century.Based on the experience in other disciplines. | Peng Tang Ying Hu Zi-Han Wang Guo-Xuan Gao Xiang Qu Jun Jiang Chinese Society of Breast Surgery | 2021 | Chinese Medical Journal2021，，21： | 5 |
| 10 | Clinical practice guidelines for intraductal papilloma:Chinese Society of breast surgery(CSBrS)practice guidelines 2021显示文摘Intraductal papilloma of the breast is relatively common,accounting for 5.3%of all benign breast diseases.[1]However,relapse readily occurs with pathological changes such as atypical ductal hyperplasia(ADH)and canceration,and the rate of underestimation of biopsy diagnosis is high.[2,3]Therefore,specific considerations are required for the diagnosis and treatment methods of intraductal papilloma,and some clinical problems with these methods remain controversial.To standardize the diagnosis and treatment of intraductal papilloma of the breast and provide a reference for the clinical work of breast specialists,Chinese Society of Breast Surgery has determined the key clinical issues of the clinical practice guidelines for intraductal papilloma of the breast through a literature search and expert discussion.The relevant evidence was evaluated with reference to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development and Evaluation(GRADE)system,and the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Intraductal Papilloma:Chinese Society of Breast Surgery(CSBrS)practice guidelines 2021 was formulated to provide a reference for the clinical work of breast surgeons in China. | Di Wu Ai-Ping Shi Ai-Lin Song Zhi-Min Fan Chinese Society of Breast Surgery | 2021 | Chinese Medical Journal2021，，14： | 4 |
| 11 | Clinical practice guidelines for pre-operative evaluation of breast cancer: Chinese Society of Breast Surgery (CSBrS) practice guidelines 2021显示文摘Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women in China.Since Halsted introduced radical mastectomy,surgery has remained the cornerstone of breast cancer treatment.Before performing such surgery,a comprehensive and standardized evaluation should be undertaken.This should include identification of factors that could increase the risk of surgery or prejudice recovery,as well as factors that may affect the subsequent course of the disease.The Chinese Society of Breast Surgery(CSBrS)has conducted a literature review and experts have discussed key clinical issues related to standardizing pre-operative evaluation of patients with breast cancer;evaluated the relevant evidence with reference to the grading of recommendations assessment,development,and evaluation system;combined the accessibility under China's national conditions;and formulated the following written Clinical Practice Guidelines for Pre-operative Evaluation of Breast Cancer(2021 Edition)with the aim of providing a reference for Chinese breast surgeons. | Chao Zheng Zhi-Gang Yu Chinese Society of Breast Surgery | 2021 | Chinese Medical Journal2021，，18： | 4 |
| 12 | Clinical practice guidelines for ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted breast biopsy: Chinese Society of Breast Surgery (CSBrS) practice guidelines 2021显示文摘Ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted breast biopsy(VABB)is a common technique in breast surgery.To standardize this technique,the Chinese Society of Breast Surgery(CSBrS)re-evaluated the quality of evidence for clinical studies of VABB,referring to the grading of recommendations assessment,development,and evaluation,and developed the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted breast biopsy:CSBrS Practice Guidelines 2021,in accordance with the Expert Consensus and Operation Guidelines for Ultrasound-guided Vacuum-assisted Breast Biopsy Surgery(2017)combined with data from clinical practice in breast surgery in China,providing a reference for breast surgeons in China. | Si-Jie Li Xiao-Peng Hao Bin Hua Jian-Dong Wang Zhi-Min Fan Chinese Society of Breast Surgery | 2021 | Chinese Medical Journal2021，，12： | 4 |
| 13 | Clinical practice guideline for breast-conserving surgery in patients with early-stage breast cancer: Chinese Society of Breast Surgery (CSBrS) practice guidelines 2021显示文摘Breast-conserving surgery(BCS)with radiotherapy is the primarily agreed surgical choice for eligible patients with an early diagnosis of breast cancer.In 2019,the panel of Chinese experts assembled by the Chinese Society for Breast Surgery(CSBrS)developed a Chinese experts’consensus on BCS for early-stage breast cancer(Version 2019)with the aim of standardizing BCS in China.Subsequently,the CSBrS conducted a review of published reports and discussions between experts to determine the key clinical questions for the Clinical Practice Guideline for BCS in Patients with Early-Stage Breast Cancer.The group evaluated the relevant evidence using the grading of recommendations assessment,development,and evaluation system,and developed a Clinical Practice Guideline for BCS in Patients with Early-Stage Breast Cancer(Version 2021),with the aim of providing guidance on clinical practice to breast surgeons in China. | Kai Chen Jie-Qiong Liu Wei Wu Feng-Xi Su Qiang Zou Er-Wei Song Chinese Society of Breast Surgery | 2021 | Chinese Medical Journal2021，，18： | 3 |
| 14 | A case report of primary small cell carcinoma of the breast and review of the literature显示文摘Primary small cell carcinoma (SCC) of the breast, an exceedingly rare and aggressive tumor, is often characterized by rapid progression and poor prognosis. We report a case of primary SCC of the breast that was diagnosed through pathologic and immunohistochemical examinations. Computed tomography (CT) scans failed to reveal a non-mammary primary site. Due to the scant number of relevant case summaries, this type of tumor is proved to be a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Therefore, we also reviewed relevant literature to share expertise in diagnosis, clinicopathologic characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of this type of tumor. Future studies with more cases are required to define more appropriate treatment indications for this disease. | Qi-Dong Ge1,2, Ning Lv1,2, Yun Cao1,3, Xi Wang1,2, Jun Tang1,2, Ze-Ming Xie1,2, Xiang-Sheng Xiao1,2, Peng Liu1,2, Xiao-Ming Xie1,2 and Wei-Dong Wei1,2 Authors’ Affiliations: 1State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China 2Department of Breast Oncology, 3Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China. | 2012 | Chinese Journal of Cancer2012，31，7： | 2 |
| 15 | Tamoxifen for early breast cancer: An overview of the randomized trials显示文摘 | Early Breast Cancer Trialists Collaborative Group | 1998 | Lancet1998，351，： | 2 |
| 16 | Comparisons between different polychemotherapy regimens for early breast cancer: meta-analyses of long-term outcome among 100 000 women in 123 randomised trials显示文摘 | Early Breast Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group (EBCTCG) | 2012 | 2012 (9814)2012，，9814： | 2 |
| 17 | Donor liver natural killer cells alleviate liver allograft acute rejection in rats显示文摘BACKGROUND:Liver enriched natural killer (NK) cells are of high immune activity.However,the function of donor liver NK cells in allogeneic liver transplantation (LTx) remains unclear.METHODS:Ten Gy of whole body gamma-irradiation (WBI) from a 60 Co source at 0.6 Gy/min was used for depleting donorderived leukocytes,and transfusion of purified liver NK cells isolated from the same type rat as donor (donor type liver NK cells,dtl NKs) through portal vein was performed immediately after grafting the irradiated liver.Post-transplant survival observation on recipients and histopathological detection of liver grafts were adoptive to evaluate the biological impact of donor liver NK cells on recipients' survival in rat LTx.RESULTS:Transfusion of dtl NKs did not shorten the survival time among the recipients of spontaneous tolerance model (BN to LEW rat) after rat LTx,but prolonged the liver graft survival among the recipients depleted of donor-derived leukocytes in the acute rejection model (LEW to BN rat).Compared to the recipients in the groups which received the graft depleted of donor-derived leukocytes,better survival and less damage in the allografts were also found among the recipients in the two different strain combinations of liver allograft due to transfusion of dtl NKs.CONCLUSIONS:Donor liver NK cells alone do not exacerbate liver allograft acute rejection.Conversely,they can alleviate it,and improve the recipients' survival. | Jian-Dong Yu,Tian-Zhu Long,Guo-Lin Li,Li-Hong Lv,Hao-Ming Lin,Yong-Heng Huang,Ya-Jin Chen and Yun-Le Wan Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery,Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital,Sun Yat-Sen University,Guangzhou 510120,China Department of Breast Surgery,Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center,Guangzhou 510120,China | 2011 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2011，10，4： | 2 |
| 18 | Clinical characteristics and clinicopathological correlations of bilateral breast cancer in China:A multicenter study from Chinese Society of Breast Surgery(CSBrS-006)显示文摘Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and clinicopathological correlations of bilateral breast cancer(BBC)in China.Methods:Data of 440 patients diagnosed with BBC in 2018 were collected from 33 centers of the Chinese Society of Breast Surgery.Demographic characteristics,bilateral tumor characteristics,and comprehensive treatment data were obtained.Correlations between the clinicopathological characteristics of bilateral tumors were analyzed.Results:The proportion of BBC was 0.22%-3.08%.A total of 33(7.5%)patients had a family history of malignant tumors,304(69.1%)patients had synchronous BBC.Only 1(0.2%)patient was male.More than half of all patients received concurrent or asynchronous endocrine/chemotherapy,32.5%of all human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)-positive patients received HER2-targeted therapy,and approximately 21.6%of all patients received radiotherapy.The most common pathological cancer type was invasive ductal cancer(>60%).Approximately 70%of all patients had bilateral hormone receptor(HR)-positive tumors and presented with a single breast mass.Significant correlations were found with pathological type,histological grade,locations of tumor,molecular subtype,Ki-67 index,tumor site and size of bilateral tumors.Results of the subgroup analysis showed more clinicopathological characteristics when synchronous BBC was compared with metachronous BBC.Conclusions:In China,the clinicopathological characteristics of bilateral tumors showed significant correlations,and more significant clinicopathological correlations were observed when synchronous BBC was compared with metachronous BBC. | Xuelu Li Yitong Wang Bo Pan Man Li Jiyue Gao Yi Zhao Zuowei Zhao Chinese Society of Breast Surgery | 2021 | Chinese Journal of Cancer Research2021，33，1： | 2 |
| 19 | Clinical practice guidelines for risk assessment to identify women at high risk of breast cancer:Chinese Society of Breast Surgery(CSBrS)practice guidelines 2021显示文摘Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women in China.Approximately 304,000 new cases of breast cancer were diagnosed during 2015 in China,which ranked first in cancer diagnosis and accounted for 17.1%of all new cancers among women.[1,2]Both the US Preventive Services Task Force(USPSTF)[3]and National Comprehensive Cancer Network(NCCN)clinical practice guidelines[4]have made recommendations regarding risk assessment,to identify women with increased risk for breast cancer,in whom risk-based cancer screening and/or risk-reducing medication use should be provided so as to lower the individual breast cancer risk. | Fei Wang Xue-Ning Duan Rui Ling Zhi-Gang Yu Chinese Society of Breast Surgery | 2021 | Chinese Medical Journal2021，，14： | 2 |
| 20 | Clinical practice guidelines for ductal carcinoma in situ: Chinese Society of Breast Surgery (CSBrS) practice guidelines 2021显示文摘Ductal carcinoma in situ(DCIS),also known as intraductal carcinoma,is an in situ carcinoma limited to the mammary ducts.The gold-standard screening,diagnostic,and treatment options have long been controversial.The Chinese Society of Breast Surgery(CSBrS)has re-evaluated the quality of the clinical study evidence on DCIS.In order to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of DCIS and provide a reference for Chinese breast surgeons,the CSBrS has used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development,and Evaluation handbook while referring to its feasibility in the actual clinical practice of Chinese breast surgeons to develop the CSBrS Clinical Practice Guideline for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ(2021). | Ang Zheng Zi-Ning Jin Meng-Yao Cui Bo Chen Fan Yao Feng Jin Ying-Ying Xu Chinese Society of Breast Surgery | 2021 | Chinese Medical Journal2021，，13： | 2 |
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