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| 1 | Hepatocellular Carcinoma-Cause,Treatment and Metastasis显示文摘In the recent decades, the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been found to be increasing in males in some countries. In China, HCC ranked second of cancer mortality since 1990s. Hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV) and dietary aflatoxin intake remain the major causative factors of HCC. Surgery plays a major role in the treatment of HCC, particularly for small HCC. Downstaging unresectable huge HCC to smaller HCC and followed by resection will probably be a new approach for further study. Liver transplantation is indicated for small HCC, however, some issues remain to be solved.Different modes of 'regional cancer therapy for HCC' have been tried. Systemic chemotherapy has been disappointing in the past but the future can be promising.Biotherapy, such as cytokines, differentiation inducers,anti-angiogenic agents, gene therapy and tumor vaccine will probably play a role, particularly in the prevention of tumor recurrence. HCC invasiveness is currently the major target of study. Tremendous works have been done at the molecular level, which will provide clues for biomarker of HCC progressionas well as targets for intervention. | Zhao-You Tang Liver Cancer Institute & Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University Professor of Surgery Chairman.Liver Cancer Institute of Fudan University(previous Liver Cancer Institute of Shanghai Medical University)136 Yixueyuan Road,Zhongshan Hospital,Shanghai 200032,China. | 2001 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2001，7，4： | 213 |
| 2 | Establishment of cell clones with different metastatic potential from the metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma cell line MHCC97显示文摘ALM To establish clone cells with different metastatic potential for the study of metastasis-related mechanisms. METHODS Cloning procedure was performed on parental hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line MHCC97. andbiological characteristics of the target clones selected by in vivo screening were studied.``RESULTS Two clones with high MHCC97-H and IowMHCC9--L1 metastatic potential were isolated from theparent cell line. Compared with MHCC97-L. MHCC97-H hadsmaller cell size average cell diameter 43 um vs 50 μmand faster in vitro and in vivo growth rate tumor celldoubling time was 34.2 h vs 60.0 h. The main ranges ofchromosomes were 5.5 58 in MHCC97-H and 57 62 inMHCC97-L. Boyden chamber in vitro invasion assay demonstrated that the number of penetrating cells through the artificial basement membrane was 137.5 - 11 .0) cellsfield for MHC_C99--H vs 17.7 - 6.3) field for MHCC97-L.The proportions of cells in GO Gl phase. S phase, and G_ M phase for MHCC97-H MHCC97-L were 0.56 6.65.0.28 0.25 and 0.l6 0.10, respectively, as measured by flow cytometry. The serum AFP levels in nude mice 5 wk after orthotopic implantation of tumor tissue were ( 24666 μg. L for MHCC97-H and (91- 66) μg' L 1 for MHCC97L. The pulmonary metastatic rate was 100% (10-10) vs40% 4- 10).``CONCLUSION Two clones of the same genetic background but with different biological behaviors were established, which could be valuable models for investigation on HCC metastasis. | Yan Li Zhao-You Tang Sheng-Long Ye Yin-Kun Liu Jie Chen Qiong Xue Jun Chen Dong-Mei Gao Wei-Hua Bao Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University (Former Liver Cancer Institute of Shanghai Medical University),Shanghai 200032,China | 2001 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2001，7，5： | 111 |
| 3 | The prognostic molecular markers in hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘The prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) stillremains dismal, although many advances in its clinicalstudy have been made. It is important for tumor control toidentity the factors that predispose patients to death. Withnew discoveries in cancer biology, the pathological andbiological prognostic factors of HCC have been studied quiteextensively. Analyzing molecular markers (biomarkers) withprognostic significance is a complementary method. A largenumber of molecular factors have been shown to associatewith the invasiveness of HCC, and have potential prognosticsignificance. One important aspect is the analysis ofmolecular markers for the cellular malignancy phenotypeThese include alterations in DNA ploidy, cellularproliferation markers (PCNA, Ki-67, Mcm2, MIB1, MIA, andCSE1L/CAS protein), nuclear morphology, the p53 geneand its related molecule MDM2, other cell cycle regulators(cyclin A, cyclin D, cyclin E, cdc2, p27, p73), oncogenesand their receptors (such as ras, c-myc, c-fms, HGF, c-met, and erb-B receptor family members ), apoptosisrelated factors (Fas and FasL), as well as telomeraseactivity. Another important aspect is the analysis ofmolecular markers involved in the process of cancerinvasion and metastasis. Adhesion molecules (E-cadherin,catenins, serum intercellular adhesion molecule-1, CD44variants), proteinases involved in the clegradation ofextracellular matrix (MMP-2, MMP-9, uPA, uPAR, PAl), aswell as other molecules have been regarded as biomarkersfor the malignant phenotype of HCC, and are related toprognosis and therapeutic outcomes. Tumor angiogenesisis critical to both the growth and metastasis of cancersincluding HCC, and has drawn much attention in recentyears. Many angiogenesis-related markers, such as vascularendothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growthfactor (bFGF), platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor( PD-ECGF ), thrombospondin ( TSP ), angiogenin,pleiotrophin, and endostatin (ES) levels, as well asinratumor microvessel density (MVD) have been evaluatedand found to be of prognostic significance. Body fluid(particularly blood and urinary) testing for biomarkers iseasily accessible and useful in clinical patients. Theprognostic significance of circulating DNA in plasma orserum, and its genetic alterations in HCC are otherimportant trends. More attention should be paid to thesetwo areas in future. As the progress of the human genomeproject advances, so does a clearer understanding of tumorbiology, and more and more new prognostic markers withhigh sensitivity and specificity will be found and used inclinical assays. However, the combination of some items, i.e., the pathological features and some biomarkersmentioned above, seems to be more practical for now. | Lun-Xiu Qin Zhao-You Tang,Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University,Shanghai,China | 2002 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2002，8，3： | 162 |
| 4 | PTEN encoding product:a marker for tumorigenesis and progression of gastric carcinoma显示文摘AIM: To detect the expression of PTEN encoding productin normal mucosa, intestinal metaplasia (IM), dysplasia andcarcinoma of the stomach, and to investigate its clinicalimplication in tumorigenesis and progression of gastriccarcinoma.METHODS: Formalin-fixed paraffin embedded specimens from184 cases of gastric carcinoma, their adjacent normal mucosa,IM and dysplasia were evaluated for PTEN protein expressionby SABC immunohistochemistry. PTEN expression wascompared with tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, Lauren'sand WHO's histological classification of gastric carcinoma.Expression of VEGF was also detected in 60 cases of gastriccarcinoma and its correlation with PTEN was concerned.RESULTS: The positive rates of PTEN protein were 100 %(102/102), 98.5 %(65/66), 66.7 % (4/6) and 47.8 %(88/184)in normal mucosa, IM, dysplasia and carcinoma of the stomach,respectively. The positive rates in dysplasia and carcinomawere lower than in normal mucosa and IM (P<0.01).Advanced gastric cancers expressed less frequent PTEN thanearly gastric cancer (42.9 % v567.6 %, P<0.01). The positiverate of PTEN protein was lower in gastric cancer with thanwithout lymph node metastasis (40.3 % v563.3 %, P<0.01).PTEN was less expressed in diffuse-type than in intestinal-type gastric cancer (41.5 % v557.8 %,P<0.05). Signet ringcell carcinoma showed the expression of PTEN at the lowestlevel (25.0 %, 7/28); less than well and moderatelydifferentiated ones (P<0.01). Expression of PTEN was notcorrelated with expression of VEGF (P>0.05).CONCLUSION: Loss or reduced expression of PTEN proteinoccures commonly in tumorigenesis and progression of gastriccarcinoma. It is suggested that PTEN can be an objective markerfor pathologically biological behaviors of gastric carcinoma. | Lin Yang Li-Ge Kuang Hua-Chuan Zheng Jin-Yi Li Dong-Ying Wu Su-Min Zhang Yan Xin No.4 Lab,Cancer Institute,The First Affiliated Hospital,China Medical University,Shenyang 110001,China Ying Chen Shen Yang Gynecology & Obstetrics Hospital,Shenyang 110014,China | 2003 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2003，9，1： | 127 |
| 5 | Multimodality treatment in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with tumor thrombi in portal vein显示文摘AIM To compare the therapeutic effect andsignificances of multimodality treatment forhepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with tumorthrombi in portal vein (PVTT).METHODS HCC patients (n = 147) with tumortrombi in the main portal vein or the first branchof portal vein were divided into four groups bythe several therapeutic methods. There wereconservative treatment group in 18 out ofpatients (group A); and hepatic artery ligation(HAL) and/or hepatic artery infusion (HAl)group in 18 patients (group B), in whompostoberative chemoembolization was doneperiodically; group of removal of HCC with PVTTin 79 (group C) and group of transcatheterhepatic arterial chemoembolization (TACE) orHAl and/or portal vein infusion (PVI) afteroperation in 32 (group D).RESULTS The median survival period was 12months in our series and the 1-, 3-, and 5-yearsurvival rates were 44.3%, 24.5% and 15.2%,respectively. The median survival times were 2,5, 12 and 16 months in group A, B, C and D,respectively. The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rateswere 5.6%, 0% and 0% in group A; 22.2%,5.6% and 0% in group B; 53.9%, 26.9% and16.6% in group C; 79.3%, 38.9% and 26.8% ingroup D, respectively. Significant differenceappeared in the survival rates among the groups(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Hepatic resection with removalof tumor thrombi and HCC should increase thecurative effects and be encouraged for theprolongation of life span and quality of life forHCC patients with PVTT, whereas the besttherapeutic method for HCC with PVTT is withregional hepatic chemotherapy orchemoemblization after hepatic resection withremoval of tumor thrombi. | Jia Fan Zhi Quan Wu Zhao You Tang Jian Zhou Shuang Jian Qiu Zeng Chen Ma Xin Da Zhou Sheng Long Ye Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University Medical Center (Former Shanghai University), 136 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China | 2001 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2001，7，1： | 80 |
| 6 | The prognostic significance of clinical and pathological features in hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘The prognosis of patients with HCC still remains dismal. The life expectancy of HCC patients is hard to predict because of the high possibility of postoperative recurrence. Many factors, such as patient's general conditions, macroscopic tumor morphology, as well as tumor hictopathology features, have been proven of prognostic significance. Female HCC patient often has a better prognosis than male patient, which might be due to the receptor of sex hormones. Younger patients often have tumors with higher invasiveness and metastatic potentials, and their survival and prognosis are worse than the older ones. Co-existing hepatitis status and hepatic functional reserve have been confirmed as risk factors for recurrence. Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is useful not only for diagnosis, but also as a prognostic indicator for HCC patients. AFP mRNA has been proposed as a predictive marker of HCC cells disseminated into the circulation and for metastatic recurrence. Many pathologic features,such as tumor size, number, capsule state, cell differentiation, venous invasion, intrahepatic spreading, and advanced pTNM stage, are the best-established risk factors for recurrence and important aspects affecting the prognosis of patients with HCC. Marked inflammatory cell infiltration in the tumor could predict a better prognosis. Clinical stage is still the most important factor influencing on the prognosis. Extratumor spreading and lymph nodal metastasis are independent predictors for poor outcome. Soma new predictive systems have recently been proposed. Different strategies of treatment might have significant different effects on the patients'prognosis. To date, surgical resection is still the only potentially curative treatment for HCC,including localized postoperative recurrences.Extent of resection, blood transfusion, occlusion of porta hepatis, and blood loss affect the survival and prognosis of HCC patients. Regional therapies provide alternative ways to improve the prognosis of HCC patients who have no opportunity to receive surgical treatment or postoperative recurrence. The combination of these treatment modalities is hopeful to further improve the prognosis. The efficacies of neoadjuvant ( preoperative ) or adjuvant ( postoperative )chemotherapy or chemoembolization in preventing recurrence and on the HCC prognosis still remain great controversy, and deserve further evaluation.Biotherapy, including IFN-alpha therapy, will play more important role in preventing recurrence and metastasis of HCC after operation. | Lun-Xiu Qin Zhao-You Tang,Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University,Shanghai,China | 2002 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2002，8，2： | 77 |
| 7 | Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors KDR and Fit-1 in gastric cancer cells显示文摘AIM: The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors KDR and Flt-1 by gastric carcinoma tissues and different gastric carcinoma cell lines was detected to elucidate the molecular mechanism of this growth factor in promoting tumor growth.METHODS: The expression of VEGF, Flt-1 and KDR was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in gastric cancer cell lines RF-1, RF-48,AGS-1, NCI-N87, NCI-SNU-1, NCI-SNU-5, NCI-SNU-16 and KATO-Ⅲ. The expression of Flt-1 and KDR in paraffinembedded specimens of gastric cancer was determined by immunohistochemistry. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to assess the role of VEGF in tumor cell proliferation.RESULTS: All 8 gastric cancer cell lines analyzed expressed VEGF121 and VEGF16s and six of them expressed both Flt-1 and KDR, while cell line NCI-SNU-5 expressed Flt-1 only and cell line KATOⅢ expressed neither Flt-1 nor KDR. The gastric carcinoma tissues expressed Flt-1 and KDR widely,with the positive rate of expression of Flt-1 and KDR being 84.6 % and 70 % respectively. The exogenous VEGF stimulated the growth of KDR-positive cell lines NCI-N87 and AGS-1 in a dose-dependent manner but exhibited no effect on the growth of KDR-negative cell line NCI-N87.CONCLUSION: VEGF and its receptors KDR and Flt-1 were expressed widely in gastric carcinoma cells and the VEGF stimulated KDR-positive tumor cell growth directly. These results suggest that VEGF may play a role in promoting tumor growth and metastasis by participating in both paracrine and autocrine pathways. | Hua Zhang Jian Wu Lin Meng Cheng-Chao Shou,Peking University School ofOncology,Beij ing Institute for Cancer Research,Beijing 100034,China | 2002 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2002，8，6： | 69 |
| 8 | Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) diagnosis and treatment guidelines for colorectal cancer 2018(English version)显示文摘Contents1. General guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer2. Diagnostic principles for colorectal cancer2.1 Colorectal cancer screening of asymptomatic healthy population2.2 Basic diagnostic principles2.2.1 Colorectal cancer diagnosis2.2.2 Appendix on colorectal cancer imaging staging and diagnosis2.3 Principles of pathological diagnosis2.4 Staging. | Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO)diagnosis and treatment guidelines for colorectal cancer working group Suzhan Zhang Jin Li Sanjun Cai Ruihua Xu Zhen Zhang | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Cancer Research2019，31，1： | 66 |
| 9 | Hepatocellular carcinoma with obstructive jaundice: diagnosis, treatment and prognosis显示文摘Obstructive jaundice as the main clinical feature is uncommon in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Only 1-12 %of HCC patients manifest obstructive jaundice as the initial complaint. Such cases are clinically classified as 'icteric type hepatoma', or 'cholestatic type of HCC'. Identification of this group of patients is important, because surgical treatment may be beneficial. HCC may involve the biliary tract in several different ways: tumor thrombosis, hemobilia,tumor compression, and diffuse tumor infiltration. Bile duct thrombosis (BDT) is one of the main causes for obstructive jaundice, and the previously reported incidence is 1.2-9 %.BDT might be benign, malignant, or a combination of both.Benign thrombi could be blood clots, pus, or sludge.Malignant thrombi could be primary intrabiliary malignant tumors, HCC with invasion to bile ducts, or metastatic cancer with bile duct invasion. The common clinical features of this type of HCC include: high level of serum AFP; history of cholangitis with dilation of intrahepatic bile duct; aggravating jaundice and rapidly developing into liver dysfunction. It is usually difficult to make diagnosis before operation, because of the low incidence rate, ignorant of this disease, and the difficulty for the imaging diagnosis to find the BDT preoperatively. Despite recent remarkable improvements in the imaging tools for diagnosis of HCC, such cases are still incorrectly diagnosed as cholangiocarcinoma or choledocholithiases. Ultrasonography (US) and CT are helpful in showing hepatic tumors and dilated intrahepatic and/or extrahepatic ducts containing dense material corresponding to tumor debris. Direct cholangiography including percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)remains the standard procedure to delineate the presence and level of biliary obstruction. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is superior to ERCP in interpreting the cause and depicting the anatomical extent of the perihilar obstructive jaundice, and is particularly distinctive in cases associated with tight biliary stenosis and along segmental biliary stricture. Choledochoscopy and bile duct brushing cytology could be alternative useful techniquesin the differentiating obstructions due to intraluminal mass,infiltrating ductal lesions or extrinsic mass compression applicable before and after duct exploration. Jaundice is not necessarily a contraindication for surgery. Host patients will have satisfactory palliation and occasional cure if appropriate procedures are selected and carried out safely, which can result in long-term resolution of symptoms and occasional long-term survival. However, the prognosis of icteric type HCC is generally dismal, but is better than those HCC patients who have jaundice caused by hepatic insufficiency. | Lun-Xin Qin Zhao-You Tang Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China | 2003 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2003，9，3： | 68 |
| 10 | Preventive treatments for recurrence after curative resection of hepatocellular carcinoma-A literature review of randomized control trials显示文摘To review the inhibitory effect of preventive approaches on recurrence after operation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we summarized all available publications. reporting randomized control trial indexed in PubMed. The treatment approaches presented above included preoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE),post-operative TACE, systemic or locoregional chemotherapy,immunotherapy, Interferons and acyclic retinoic acid Although no standard treatment has been established,several approaches presented promising results, which were both effective and tolerable in post-operative patients. Preoperative TACE was not effective on prolonging survivals,while post-operative TACE was shown with both diseasefree survival and overall survival benefits in some papers,however, it was also questioned by others. Systemic chemotherapy was generally not effective on prolonging survival but also poorly tolerated for its significant toxicities.Adoptive immunotherapy using LAK cells was proved to be beneficial to patients' survival in a recent paper. Interferon and Interferon β can inhibit recurrence in HCC patients with HCV infection background, though the mechanism is not fully understood. Acyclic retinoic acid was shown to decrease multi-centric recurrence after operation, which was reported by only one group. In conclusion, several adjuvant approaches have been studied for their efficacy on recurrence in HCC patients in randomized control trials; however, multi-centric randomized control trial is still needed for further evaluation on their efficacy and systemic or local toxicities;in addition, new adjuvant treatment should be investigated to provide more effective and tolerable methods for the patients with HCC after operation. | Hui-Chuan Sun Zhao-You Tang Liver Cancer Institute and Zhong Shan Hospital,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China | 2003 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2003，9，4： | 63 |
| 11 | High-dose Iodized Oil Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization For Patients with Large Hepatocellular Carcinoma显示文摘AIM:To conduct a randomized trial to evaluate the role ofusing high-dose iodized oil transcatheter arterialchemosmbolization(TACE)in the treatment of largehepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS:From January 1993 to June 1998,473 patientswith unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma ware divided intotwo groups:216 patients in group A received more than20mL iodized oil during the first TACE treatment;257patients in group B received 5-15mL iodized oil in the sameway.The Child's classification and ICG-R15 for evaluatingthe liver function of the patients ware done before thetreatment.During the TACE procedure the catheters wasinserted into the target artery selectively and the tumorvessels ware demonstrated with contrast medium in thehepatic angiography.The anticancar drugs mixed withiodized oil(Lipiodol)ware Epirubicin and Mitomycin.Ingroup A,112 cases received 20-29mL Lipiodol in the firstprocedure,85 cases 30-39mL,19 cases more than 40mL.The largest dose was 53 mL and the average dose was28.3mL.In group B,119 cases received 5-10mL Lipiodol,138 cases received 11-15mL,and the average dose was11.8mL.RESULTS:High-dose Lipiodol chemoembolization causedtolerable side effects and a little hurt to the liver function inthe patients with Child grade A or ICG-R15<20.But thepatients with child grade B or ICG-R15>20 had higher risk ofliver failure after high-dose TACE.More type Ⅱ and type Ⅱlipiodol accumulations in CT scan after 4 weeks of TACEware seen in the group A patients than those in the group Bpatients(P<0.01).The resection rate and complete tumornecrosis rate in group A ware higher than those of group B(P<0.05).The 1-,2-,3-year survival rates of group Apatients with Child grade A ware 79.2%,51.8% and 34.9%,respectively,better then those of group B(P<0.001).CONCLUSION:High-dose Lipiodol can result in morecomplete tumor necrosis by blocking both arteries and small portal veins of the tumor.High-dose TACE for treatment oflarge and hypervascular hepatocallular carcinoma ispractically acceptable with the better effect than the routinedose.For the patients with large and hypervascular tumor ofChild grade A liver function or ICG-R15 less than 20%,oilychemoembolization with 20-40mL Lipiodol is recommended. | Min-Shan Chen Jin-Qing Li Ya-Qi Zhang Yun-Fei Yuan Yong-Ping Guo Xiao-Jun Lin Guo-Hui Lim Department of Hepatobiliary Cancer Center of Sun Yet-sen University of Medical Sciences,Guangzhou 510060,China Li-Xia Lu Wei-Zhang Zhang Department of Radiology Cancer Center of Sun Yet-sen University of Medical Sciences,Guangzhou 510060,China | 2002 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2002，8，1： | 58 |
| 12 | Alterations in metastatic properties of hepatocellular carcinoma cell following H-ras oncogene transfection显示文摘AIM To demonstrate the relationship betweenH-ras oncogene and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) metastasis.METHODS Activated H-ras oncogene wastransfected into SMMC 7721, a cell line derivedfrom human HCC, by calcium phosphatetransfection method. Some metastasis-relatedparameters were detected in vitro, includingadhesion assay, migration assay, expression ofcollagenase ⅣV (c ⅣV ase) and epidermal growthfactor receptor (EGFR).RESULTS The abilities of H-ras-transfected cellclones in adhesion to laminin (LN) or fibronectin(FN), migration, c Ⅳ ase secretion increasedmarkedly, and the expression of EGFR elevatedmoderately. More importantly, these alterationswere consistent positively with the expressionof p21, the protein product of H-ras oncogene.CONCLUSION H-ras oncogene could inducethe metastatic phenotype of HCC cell in vitro toraise its metastatic potential. | Qing Wang~1 Zhi Ying Lin~2 Xiao Li Feng~3 ~1Department of Microbiology,Medical Center of Fudan University.the former Shanghai Medical University,Shanghai 200032,China ~2Liver Cancer Institute,Zhongshan Hospital,Shanghai 200032,China ~3Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry,Academy Sinica,Shanghai 200031,ChinaQing Wang earned master degree from Shanghai Medical University in 1996,now a senior lecturer of microbiology,specialized in the role of oncogcncs on tumor metastasis,having 8 papers published. | 2001 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2001，7，3： | 48 |
| 13 | Experimental study on antitumor effect of arsenic trioxide in combination with cisplatin or doxorubicin on hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘INTRODUCTIONThe main component of a traditional Chinese drug 'Pishuang'. arsenic trioxide (As2O3), has obviously selective anti-tumor effect on human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)in both in vitro and in vivo studies[1-5]. Due to limited effectiveness when any anti-carcinogen is used alone and obviously increased toxicity when the dose is raised, there is no exception for As2O3. Furthermore, combined chemotherapy contributes to improve therapeutic effectiveness, disperse toxicity and surmount drug-resistance,in which the combination of traditional Chinese and modern medicine has more advantages and characteristics. As a result,we made an experimental study on anti-tumor effect of As2O3in combination with cisplantin (PDD) or doxorubicin (ADM)on HCC. to investigate the possibility of AS2O3 in combination with PDD or ADM and nature of interaction between them,and to provide experimental basis for clinical application. | Wei Wang~1 Shu-Kui Qin~1 Bao-An Chen~2 Hui-Ying Chen~1 1 Chinese PLA Cancer Center,Chinese PLA 81 Hospital,Nanjing 210002,Jiangshu Province,China2 Affliliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University Medical College,Nanjing 210087,Jiangsu Province,China | 2001 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2001，7，5： | 50 |
| 14 | EASL–EORTC Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘 | European Association for the Study of the Liver European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer | 2012 | Journal of Hepatology2012，，4： | 41 |
| 15 | Relationship between phenotypes of cell-function differentiation and pathobiological behavior of gastric carcinomas显示文摘AIM To reveal the correlation between thefunctional differentiation phenotypes of gastriccarcinoma cells and the invasion and metastasisby a new way of cell-function classification.METHODS Surgically resected specimens of361 gastric carcinomas (GC) were investigatedwith enzyme-, mucin-, and tumor-related markerimmunohistochemist ry. According to thedirection of cell-function differentiation,stomach carcinomas were divided into fivefunctionally differentiated types.iation type (AFDT): there were 82 (22.7%)patients including 76 (92.7%) aged 45 years.Sixty-nine (84.1%) cases belonged to theintestinal type. Thirty-eight (46.3%) expressedCD44v6 and 9 (13.6%) of 66 male patientsdeveloped liver metastasis. The 5-year survivalrate of patients in this group (58.5%) was higherMucin secreting function differentiation type(MSFDT): 54 (15%) cases. Fifty-three (98.1%)tumors had penetrated the serosa, 12 (22.2%)expressed ER and 22 (40.7%) expressedCD44v6. The postoperative 5-year survival ratefunction differentiation type (AMPFDT): therewere 180 (49.9%) cases, including 31 (17.2%)aged yanger than 45 years. The tumor was morecommon in women (62, 34.4%,) and expressedmore frequently estrogen receptors (ER) ( 129,81.7%) than other types (P<0.01). Ovarymetastasis was found in 12 (19.4%) out of 62female subjects. The patients with this type GChad the lowest 5-year survival rate (24.7%)differentiation type (SFDT): 13 (3.6%) cases.Nine (69.2%) tumors of this type derived fromAPUD system, the other 4 (30.7%) were ofdifferent histological differentiation. Sixty percent of the patients survived at least five years.(8.9%) cases. Nineteen (59.4%) cases hadlymph node metastases but no one with liver orovary metastasis. The 5-year survival rate was28.1%.CONCLUSION This new cell-functionclassification of GC is helpful in indicating thecharacteristics of invasion and metastasis of GCwith different cell-function differentiationphenotypes. Further study is needed to disclosethe correlation between the cell-functionaldifferentiation phenotypes and the relevantgenotypes and the biological behavior of gastriccarcinoma. | Yan Xin Xiao Ling Li Yan Ping Wang Su Min Zhang Hua Chuan Zheng Dong Ying Wu Yin Chang Zhang The Fourth Laboratory of Cancer Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China | 2001 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2001，7，1： | 38 |
| 16 | Treatment outcomes for different subgroups of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy显示文摘Although many studies have investigated intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC),sample sizes in the reported studies are usually small and different in outcomes in different T and N subgroups are seldom analyzed.Herein,we evaluated the outcomes of NPC patients treated with IMRT and further explored treatment strategy to improve such outcome.We collected clinical data of 865 NPC patients treated with IMRT alone or in combination with chemotherapy,and classified all cases into the following prognostic categories according to different TNM stages:early stage group (T1-2N0-1M0),advanced local disease group (T3-4N0-1M0),advanced nodal disease group (T1-2N2-3M0),and advanced locoregional disease group (T3-4N2-3M0).The 5-year overall survival (OS),local relapse-free survival (LRFS),and distant metastases-free survival (DMFS) were 83.0%,90.4%,and 84.0%,respectively.The early disease group had the lowest treatment failure rate,with a 5-year OS of 95.6%.The advanced local disease group and advanced nodal disease group had similar failure pattern and treatment outcomes as well as similar hazard ratios for death (4.230 and 4.625,respectively).The advanced locoregional disease group had the highest incidence of relapse and death,with a 5-year DMFS and OS of 62.3% and 62.2%,respectively,and a hazard ratio for death of 10.402.Comparing with IMRT alone,IMRT in combination with chemotherapy provided no significant benefit to locoregionally advanced NPC.Our results suggest that the decision of treatment strategy for NPC patients should consider combinations of T and N stages,and that IMRT alone for early stage NPC patients can produce satisfactory results.However,for advanced local,nodal,and locoregional disease groups,a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is recommended. | Sheng-Fa Su 1,2,3,Fei Han 1,2,Chong Zhao 1,2,Ying Huang 1,2,Chun-Yan Chen 1,2,Wei-Wei Xiao 1,2,Jia-Xin Li 1,2 and Tai-Xiang Lu 1,2 1 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510060,P.R.China 2 Department of Radiation Oncology,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510060,P.R.China 3 Department of Oncology,Guiyang Medical College Hospital,Tumor Hospital of Guizhou,Guiyang,Guizhou 550003,P.R.China. | 2011 | Chinese Journal of Cancer2011，30，8： | 40 |
| 17 | Reduction of the incidence and mortality of rectal cancer bypolypectomy:a prospective cohort study in Haining County显示文摘AIM: To reduce the incidence and morlality of rectal cancerand address the hypothesis that colorectal cancer often arisefrom precursor lesion (s), either adenomas or non-alenomatous polyps, by conducting a population-basedmass screening for colorectal cancer in Haining County,Zhejiang, PRCMETHODS: From 1977 to 1980, physicians screened thepopulation of Haining County using 15 cm rigid endoscopy.Of over 240 000 participants, 4076 of them were diagnoselwith Precursor Iesions, eitler alenomas or non-adenomatous polyps, which were then removedl surgically.All individuals with precursor lesionswere followed up andreexamined by endoscopy every two to five years upto 1998.RESULTS: After the initial screening, 953 metactronousadenomas and 417 non-adenomatous polyps ware detected andremoved from the members of this cohort. Further, 27 cases ofcolorectal cancer were detected and treated. Log-rank tuestsshowed that the survival time among those cancer patients whounderwent mass screening increased significantly comparedtothat of other colorectal cancer patients (P < 0.0001). Accordingto the population-based cancer registry in Haining County,age-adjusted incidence and mortality of rectal cancer decreasedby 41% and 29 % from 1977-1981 to 1992-1996, respectively.Observed cumulative 20-year rectal cancer incidence was 31%lower than the expected in the screened group; the mortalitydue to rectal cancer was 18 % lower thah the expected in thescreened group.CONCLUSION: Mass screening for rectal cancer andprecursor lesions with protocoscopy in the generalpopulation and periodical following-up with routineendoscopy for high-risk patients may decrease both theincidence and mortality of rectal cancer. | Shu Zheng Xi-Yong Liu Qi Dong,Cancer Institute,Zhejiang University,88 Jiefang Road,HangZhou 310009,Zhejiang Province,China Ke-feng Ding Lin-Bo Wang Pei-Lin Qiu Su-Zhan Zhang,The 2~(nd)affiliated Hospital,Medical School of Zhejiang University,88 Jiefang Road,HangZhou 310009,Zhejiang Province,China Xin-Feng Ding Yong-Zhou Shen Gao-Fei Shen Oi-Rong Sun Wei-Dong Li,Haining Cancer Institute,Haining 314400,Zhejiang Province,China | 2002 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2002，8，3： | 37 |
| 18 | Effects of the tyrosine protein kinase inhibitor genistein on the proliferation,activation of cultured rat hepatic stellate cells显示文摘AIM: Hepatic stellate cell (HSC) plays a pivotal role inliver fibrosis and is considered as the therapeutic targetfor the treatment of hepatic fibrosis. Tyrosine proteinkinase plays an important role in the proliferation,activation of HSC. The purpose of the study is toinvestigate the effects of the tyrosine protein kinaseinhibitor genistein onthe proliferation and activationof cultured rat HscMETHODS: Rat HSC were isolated from Wistar rats by insitu perfusion of collagenase and pronase and single-stepdensity Nycodenz gradient. Culture-activated HSC wereserum-starved and incubated with 10-3 to 10-5 mol/Lconcentration of genistein for 24, 48 or 72 h. In PDGF-induced HSC proliferation, HSC were stimulatel with L0μg@L-1PDGF-BB for 15 min, and then treaeed with genisteinfor the same time. Cell proliferation was measured byMTr assay and based on flow cytometric analysis of cellcycle. The a-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression inHSC was studied with confocal laser microscopy and flowcytometry. c-fos c-jun and cyclin D1 expression in HSCwas also detected by flow cytometry.RESULTS: Genistein inhibited basal and PDGF-inducedproliferation of HSC at the concentration of 10-8 to 10-5mol/L, and treatment with 10-7 mol/L concentration ofgenistein for 48 h inhibited the HSC proliferationsignificantly (the inhibition rate was 70.3 %, P<0.05).Immunofluorescence detected by confocal lasermicroscopy and flow cytometry showed that treatmentwith 10-7 mol/L genistein for 48 h suppressed theexpression of α-SMA significantly in HSC (the specificfluorescence intensity were 60.2±21.5 vs 35.3±11.6and 12.8± 10.4 vs9.54±6.39, respectively, both P<0.05).The intensity of c-fos, c-jun and cydin D1 expression ofHSCs treated with 10-7 mol/L genistein for 48 h wasalso significantly decreased compared with the controls.CONCLUSION: Genistein influences proliferation of HSC,suppresses the expression of α-SMA in HSC and tinhibits the intensity of c-fos, c-jun and cyclin D1expression of HSCs. Genistein has therapeutic potentialagainst liver fibrosis. | Xiao-Jing Liu Ming-Hui Huang Laboratory of Department of Internal Medicine,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China Li Yang Qiong Wang Yi-Ping Wang Department of Gastroenterology of West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China Yong-Qiu Mao Center for Cancer Biotherapy of West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China Hong-Bin Wu Laboratory of Department of Surgery,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China | 2002 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2002，8，4： | 38 |
| 19 | Expression of gastric cancer-associated MG7 antigen in gastric cancer,precancerous lesions and H.pylori-associated gastric diseases显示文摘AIM: To investigate the relationship between the antigen MG7 antigen expression and gastric cancer as well as precancerous condition; to study the relationship between the MG7 antigen expression and H. pyloriinfection in benign gastric lesions in order to find out the effect of H. pylori infection on the process of gastric cancer development.METHODS: The level of MG7 antigen expression was determined by immunohistochemical method in 383 gastric biopsied materials. The intestinal metaplasia was determined by histochemistry method. The H. pyloriinfection was determined by HE stain, PCR and ELISA in 291 specimens, among which only 34 cases of H. pylori-associated gastric lesions were followed up.RESULTS: The positive rate of MG7 expression in normal gastric mucosa, intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia and gastric cancer increased gradually in ascending order (P<0.01). The positive rate of MG7 antigen expression in type Ⅲ intestinal metaplasia of gastric mucosa was higher than that of type Ⅰand Ⅱ intestinal metaplasia, being highly significant (P<0.05).The positive rate of MG7 antigen expression in superficial gastritis, atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer increased gradually (11.9 %, 64.8 %, 91.2 %, P<0.01). There was no significant difference between H.pylori-negative and H. pyloripositive intestinal metaplasia, atrophic gastritis and dysplasia of gastric epithelium in the positive rate of MG7 antigen expression. There was no expression of MG7 antigen in H. pylori-negative superficial gastritis. The positive rate of MG7 expression in H. pylori-positive superficial gastritis was 20.5 %, and the difference between them was significant (P<0.05). During following up, one of the three H. pylori negative cases turned positive again, and its MG7 antigen expression turned to be stronger correspondingly. 3 of 31 H. pyloripositive cases were detected as early gastric cancer, among which one with '+++' MG7 antigen expression was diminished after H. pylori eradication.CONCLUSION: MG7 antigen expression is highly specific in gastric cancer and can be used as a good marker for screening of gastric cancer; type Ⅲ intestinal metaplasia, atrophic gastritis and dysplasia should be followed up and MG7 antigen expression has high clinical value in the dynamic follow-up study; although the positive -MG7 in positiveH. pylorisuperficial gastritis show benign morphology in features, there is still the potential risk of developing into gastric cancer, hence special attention should be paid to those showing increasing MG7 antigen expression. | Dong-Li Guo Ming Dong Lan Wang Li-Ping Sun Yuan Yuan,Cancer Institute,First Affiliated Hospital,China Medical University,Shenyang,110001,Liaoning Province,China | 2002 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2002，8，6： | 37 |
| 20 | Clinical significance of vascular endothelial growth factor expression and neovascularization in colorectal carcinoma显示文摘AIM: To clarify the association of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and microvascular density (MVD) expression with the angiogenesis and prognosis of colorectal cancer.METHODS: A total of 97 cases of colorectal cardnomas were examined by immunohistochemical staining (SP method), using anti-VEGF and anti-factor CD34^+ monodonal antibodies,RESULTS: VEGF positive staining was obtained in 68 out of 97 cases (70.1%), and observed mainly in the cytoplasm of tumor cells, and also frequently in stromal cells. VEGF expression was more intense in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma in comparison with others, but there was no significant correlation between VEGF expression and age,sex and stage. A significant correlation was found between the MVD and grades, and there was no significant relationship between the MVD and age, sex, and stage. The MVD in the VEGF positive group (68 cases) was higher than that in the negative group. Upon multivariate analysis, the significant variables were stage, tumor grade and MVD; VEGF expression was not an independent prognostic factor.CONCLUSION: The expression of VEGF has a significant correlation with MVD; MVD expression has prognostic value but VEGF has not in colon cancer. | Shu Zheng Ming-Yong Han Zuo-Xiang Xiao Jia-Ping Peng Qi Dong Cancer Institute,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310009,Zhejiang Province,China | 2003 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2003，9，6： | 38 |
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