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| 1 | 稳定性冠心病患者脑型利钠肽N端片段(NT-proBNP)与心血管事件及死亡率的关系显示文摘背景:明确心血管事件高危人群对最佳实施一、二级预防措施非常重要。
目的:研究血浆脑型利钠肽N端片段(prohormone braintype natriuretic peptide,NT—proBNP)水平是否能独立于现有其他诊断性检查预测心血管事件和死亡。
设计、地点及参试者:HSS研究(Heart and Soul Study)于2000年-2002年入选987例来自加利福尼亚州的稳定性冠心病患者进行前瞻性队列研究,平均随访3.7年(范围,0.1—5.3年)。 | Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo Reena Gupta Beeya Na 纪璟峰(译) 赵秀丽(校) | 2007 | 美国医学会杂志(中文版)2007，26，4： | 49 |
| 2 | Fluctuations in butyrate-producing bacteria in ulcerative colitis patients of North India显示文摘AIM: To study the interplay between butyrate concentration and butyrate-producing bacteria in fecal samples of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients vs control individuals. METHODS: Fecal samples were collected from 14 control individuals (hemorrhoid patients only) and 26 UC patients (severe: n = 12, moderate: n = 6, remission: n = 8), recruited by the gastroenterologist at the Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. Disease activity in UC patients was determined by clinical colitis activity index. We employed fluorescent in situ hybridization in combination with flow cytometry to enumerate the clostridium cluster population targeted by 16S rRNA gene probe. Major butyrate-producing species within this cluster were quantified to see if any change existed in control vs UC patients with different disease activity. This observed change was further validated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In addition to this,we carried out gas chromatography to evaluate the changes in concentration of major short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), namely acetate, n -butyrate, iso -butyrate, in the above samples. Student t test and Graph pad prism-6 were used to compare the data statistically. RESULTS: There was a significant decrease of Clostridium coccoides (control, 25.69% ± 1.62% vs severe, 9.8% ± 2.4%, P = 0.0001) and Clostridium leptum clusters (control, 13.74% ± 1.05% vs severe, 6.2% ± 1.8%, P = 0.0001) in fecal samples of UC patients. Furthermore, we demonstrated that some butyrateproducing members of the clostridial cluster, like Fecalibacterium prausnitzii (control, 11.66% ± 1.55% vs severe, 6.01% ± 1.6%, P = 0.0001) and Roseburia intestinalis (control, 14.48% ± 1.52% vs severe, 9% ± 1.83%, P = 0.02) were differentially present in patients with different disease activity. In addition, we also demonstrated decreased concentrations of fecal SCFAs, especially of n -butyrate (control, 24.32 ± 1.86 mmol/μL vs severe, 12.74 ± 2.75 mmol/μL, P = 0.003), iso -butyrate (control, 1.70 ± 0.41 mmol/μL vs severe, 0.68 ± 0.24 mmol/μL, P = 0.0441) and acetate (control, 39.51 ± 1.76 mmol/μL vs severe, 32.12 ± 2.95 mmol/ μL,P = 0.047), in the fecal samples of UC patients. The observed decrease of predominant butyrate producers of clostridial clusters correlated with the reduced SCFA levels in active UC patients. This was further confirmed by the restoration in the population of some butyrate producers with simultaneous increase in the level of SCFA in remission samples. CONCLUSION: Our observations indicate that decreases in members of the clostridial cluster resulting in reduced butyrate levels contribute to the etiology of UC. | Reena Kumari Vineet Ahuja Jaishree Paul | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，22： | 21 |
| 3 | 124例反复自然流产病例临床病因分析显示文摘目的:对124例反复自然流产患者进行临床病因分析。方法:124例反复自然流产患者均来自吉林大学第一医院及吉林省人民医院。通过外周血淋巴细胞培养,进行常规染色体分析。通过试剂盒检测相关抗体、生殖激素、支原体、衣原体等。结果:在124例反复自然流产患者中,染色体异常者4例,CT、UU及各种病毒感染者24例,抗心磷脂抗体、抗核抗体、抗子宫内膜抗体、抗精子抗体阳性者73例,性激素六项异常者13例,子宫畸形者3例,不明原因者7例。结果:遗传因素、感染因素、免疫因素、内分泌因素、解剖因素与反复自然流产密切相关。 | 张亚杰 许宗革 高元奇 李哲 Reena 刘睿智 | 2008 | 中国妇幼保健2008，23，35： | 11 |
| 4 | Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in Asian Indians is neither associated with iron overload nor with HFE gene mutations显示文摘AIM: The pathogenesis of occurrence of liver inflammation and fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is not completely understood. Other than insulin resistance, iron abnormalities have been thought to be one of the triggering factors. Therefore, our aim was to study the role of iron abnormalities and HFE gene mutations in patients with NASH.METHODS: Thirty-one patients of NASH diagnosed on the basis of clinical examination biochemistry, ultrasonography and liver biopsy (n = 14) were included in the study. Serum iron parameters (n = 23) (iron, ferritin, total iron-binding capacity and transferrin saturation), Peris' iron staining on liver biopsies (n = 14) and HFE gene mutations (C282Y and H63D) (n = 16) were studied in these patients. The association between iron staining, necroinflammatory activity and fibrosis stage on liver biopsies was also determined.RESULTS: Elevated serum iron, ferritin and transferrin saturation above 55% were observed in 4.3% of patients.On histology, 71% of the patients had negative iron staining,21.4% had 1+ staining, 7.2% had 2+ staining and none had 3+ or 4+ staining. There was no association between the degree of iron staining and necroinflammatory activity (P = 0.55) and fibrosis stage (P = 0.09) on histology. None of the patients had C282Y HFE gene mutation and four patients (25%) were found to be heterozygotes for H63D gene mutation.CONCLUSION: Our study does not favor iron overload and HFE gene mutations as major factors in the pathogenesis of NASH in Asian Indians. | Ajay Duseja Reena Das Mohit Nanda Ashim Das Gurjeewan Garewal Yogesh Chawla | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，3： | 9 |
| 5 | Upper gastrointestinal tract capsule endoscopy using a nurse-led protocol: First reported experience显示文摘AIM To test the feasibility and performance of a novel upper gastrointestinal(GI) capsule endoscope using a nurse-led protocol. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort analysis of patients who declined gastroscopy(oesophagogastroduodenoscopy, OGD) but who consented to upper GI capsule endoscopy. Patients swallowed the upper GI capsule following ingestion of 1 liter of water(containing simethicone). A series of positional changes were used to exploit the effects of water flow and move the upper GI capsule from one gravity-dependent area to another using a nurse-led protocol. Capsule transit time, video reading time, mucosal visualisation, pathology detection and patient tolerance was evaluated.RESULTS Fifty patients were included in the study. The mean capsule transit times in the oesophagus and stomach were 28 s and 68 min respectively. Visualisation of the following major anatomical landmarks was achieved(graded 1-5: Poor to excellent): Oesophagus, 4.8(± 0.5); gastro-oesophageal junction(GOJ), 4.8(± 0.8); cardia, 4.8(± 0.8); fundus, 3.8(± 1.2); body, 4.5(± 1); antrum, 4.5(± 1); pylorus, 4.7(± 0.8); duodenal bulb, 4.7(± 0.7); second part of the duodenum(D2), 4.7(± 1). The upper GI capsule reached D2 in 64% of patients. The mean video reading time was 48 min with standard playback mode and 20 min using Quickview(P = 0.0001). No pathology was missed using Quickview. Procedural tolerance was excellent. No complications were seen with the upper GI capsule. CONCLUSION The upper GI capsule achieved excellent views of the upper GI tract. Future studies should compare the diagnostic accuracy between upper GI capsule and OGD. | Hey-Long Ching Ailish Healy Victoria Thurston Melissa F Hale Reena Sidhu Mark E McAlindon | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，26： | 9 |
| 6 | Capsule endoscopy:Current practice and future directions显示文摘Capsule endoscopy(CE)has transformed investigation of the small bowel providing a non-invasive,well tolerated means of accurately visualising the distal duodenum,jejunum and ileum.Since the introduction of small bowel CE thirteen years ago a high volume of literature on indications,diagnostic yields and safety profile has been presented.Inclusion in national and international guidelines has placed small bowel capsule endoscopy at the forefront of investigation into suspected diseases of the small bowel.Most commonly,small bowel CE is used in patients with suspected bleeding or to identify evidence of active Crohn’s disease(CD)(in patients with or without a prior history of CD).Typically,CE is undertaken after upper and lower gastrointestinal flexible endoscopy has failed to identify a diagnosis.Small bowel radiology or a patency capsule test should be considered prior to CE in those at high risk of strictures(such as patients known to have CD or presenting with obstructive symptoms)to reduce the risk of capsule retention.CE also has a role in patients with coeliac disease,suspected small bowel tumours and other small bowel disorders.Since the advent of small bowel CE,dedicated oesophageal and colon capsule endoscopes have expanded the fields of application to include the investigation of upper and lower gastrointestinal disorders.Oesophageal CE may be used to diagnose oesophagitis,Barrett’s oesophagus and varices but reliability in identifying gastroduodenal pathology is unknown and it does not have biopsy capability.Colon CE provides an alternative to conventional colonoscopy for symptomatic patients,while a possible role in colorectal cancer screening is a fascinating prospect.Current research is already addressing the possibility of controlling capsule movement and developing capsules which allow tissue sampling and the administration of therapy. | Melissa F Hale Reena Sidhu Mark E McAlindon | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，24： | 9 |
| 7 | Pseudolymphoma (reactive lymphoid hyperplasia) of the liver:A clinical challenge显示文摘Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia(RLH), also known as pseudolymphoma or nodular lymphoid lesion of the liver is an extremely rare condition, and only 51 hepatic RLH cases have been described in the literature since the first case was described in 1981. The majority of these cases were asymptomatic and incidentally found through radiological imaging. The precise etiology of hepatic RLH is still unknown, but relative high prevalence of autoimmune disorder in these cases suggests an immune-based liver disorder. Imaging features of hepatic RLH often suggest malignant lesions such as hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma. In this report, we discuss two cases of hepatic RLH in patients with autoimmune hepatitis. We also present pathologic and magnetic resonance imaging findings, including one case utilizing a hepatocellular contrast agent, Eovist. Definitive diagnosis of hepatic RLH often requires surgical excision. | Yong Kyong Kwon Reena C Jha Kambiz Etesami Thomas M Fishbein Metin Ozdemirli Chirag S Desai | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，26： | 8 |
| 8 | Antimicrobial potential of Actinomycetes species isolated from marine environment显示文摘Objective:To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Actinomycetes species isolated from marine environment.Methods:Twenty one strains of Actinomyceteswere isolated from samples of Royapuram, Muttukadu, Mahabalipuram sea shores and Adyar estuary. Preliminary screening was done using cross-streak method against two gram-positive and eight gram-negative bacteria.The most potent strains C11 and C12 were selected from which antibacterial substances were extracted. The antibacterial activities of the extracts were performed using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Molecular identification of those isolates was done.Results:All those twenty one isolates were active against at least one of the test organisms. Morphological characters were recorded. C11 showed activity againstStaphylococcusspecies(13.0暲0.5 mm),Vibrio harveyi(11.0暲0.2 mm),Pseudomonas species(12.0暲0.3 mm). C12 showed activity against Staphylococcus species(16.0暲0.4 mm),Bacillus subtilis(11.0暲0.2 mm),Vibrio harveyi(9.0暲0.1 mm),Pseudomonas species(10.0暲0.2 mm). 16S rRNA pattern strongly suggested that C11 and C12 strains were Streptomyces species.Conclusions:The results of the present investigation reveal that the marineActinomycetesfrom coastal environment are the potent source of novel antibiotics.Isolation, characterization and study of Actinom ycetescan be useful in discovery of novel species of Actinomy cetes. | Valli S Suvathi Sugasini S Aysha OS Nirmala P Vinoth Kumar P Reena A | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2012，2，6： | 8 |
| 9 | 季节变化与精子参数、精浆果糖、中性α-糖苷酶关系探讨显示文摘目的探讨季节变化与精子参数、精浆果糖、中性α-糖苷酶的关系。方法采用精子形态检测系统下人工修正方法进行精子形态分析。采用精子质量检测系统进行精子密度、活力分析。精浆果糖含量、中性α-糖苷酶采用分光光度比色法测定。根据季节变化,结合本地实际情况分为四组:3-5月组,6-8月组,9-11月组,12-2月组。结果平均精子密度在3-5月组最高,9-11月组最低,9-11月组精子密度显著低于3-5月组(P<0.05);12-2月组形态正常精子百分率显著低于其它三组(P<0.001);精子活力各组比较没有显著性差异(P>0.05)。12-2月组中性α-糖苷酶含量显著低3-5月组、6-8月组和9-11月组,两组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05,P<0.01),各组精浆果粮含量没有显著性差异(P>0.05),但3-5月组其含量最低。结论季节变化可影响精子密度和精浆中性α-糖苷酶含量,在临床应用上应适当考虑。 | 李付彪 许宗革 薛百功 刘睿智 Reena 高久春 | 2007 | 中国实验诊断学2007，11，10： | 6 |
| 10 | Is there a role for arterial reconstruction in surgery for pancreatic cancer?显示文摘Surgery remains the only potentially curative treatment for patients with pancreatic cancer. Locally advanced pancreatic cancer with vascular involvement remains a surgical challenge because high perioperative risk and the uncertainty of a survival benefit. Whilst portal vein resection has started to gather momentum because the perioperative morbidity and long term survival is comparable to standard pancreatectomy, there isn't yet a consensus on arterial resections. There have been various reports and case series of arterial resections in pancreatic cancer, with mixed survival results. Mollberg et al have appraised the heterogeneous published literature available on arterial resection in pancreatic cancer in an attempt to compare this to standard pancreatectomy. In this article, we discuss the results of this systematic review and meta-analysis, and the limitations associated with analysing results from heterogenous data. We have outlined the important features in surgery for pancreatic cancer and specifically to arterial resections, and compared arterial resections to the published literature on venous resections. | Reena Ravikumar David Holroyd Giuseppe Fusai | 2013 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2013，5，3： | 5 |
| 11 | Inactivation of Mitochondrial Complex Ⅰ Induces the Expression of a Twin Cysteine Protein that Targets and Affects Cytosolic, Chloroplastidic and Mitochondrial Function显示文摘At12Cys-1 (At5g64400 ) 和 At12Cys-2 (At5g09570 ) 是二密切相关的 isogenes 编码小、成双的半胱氨酸蛋白质,典型地在线粒体定位了。At12Cys-2 抄本与破坏 mitochondrial 蛋白质,而是 At12Cys 的增加在许多异种被导致蛋白质仅仅与减少的 mitochondrial 在异种被检测复杂我丰富。在缺乏 mitochondrial 建筑群的异种的 At12Cys 蛋白质感应我被位于线粒体,叶绿体,和 cytosol 的 At12Cys 蛋白质伴随。生物化学的分析揭示了那甚至单个的基因删除,即, At12cys-1 或 At12cys-2,在 mitochondrial 和叶绿体功能上有效果。然而,仅仅加倍异种,即, At12cys-1 : At12cys-2,影响许多蛋白质和 mRNA 抄本编码翻译延伸因素以及 rRNA 丰富。蓝本国的页证明 At12Cys 与 mitochondrial supercomplex 共同移居我 + III。同样, At12cys-1 和 At12cys-2 基因的删除,然而并非单个基因删除,导致提高的忍耐到干旱和轻应力和增加的抗氧化剂能力。正式就职和在在建筑群的减小之上的 At12Cys 的多重本地化我丰富提供机制明确地表明 mitochondrial 机能障碍到 cytosol 然后在以外到在房间的另外的细胞器。 | Yan Wang Wenhui Lyu Oliver Berkowitz Jordan D. Radomiljac Simon R. Law Monika W. Murcha Chris Carrie Pedro F. Teixeira Beata Kmiec Owen Duncan Olivier Van Aken Reena Narsai Elzbieta Glaser Shaobai Huang Ute Roessner A. Harvey Millar James Whelan | 2016 | Molecular Plant2016，9，5： | 5 |
| 12 | Frequency of primary iron overload and HFE gene mutations (C282Y,H63D and S65C) in chronic liver disease patients in north India显示文摘AIM:To identify the frequency of iron overload and study the three mutations in the HFE gene (C282Y,H63D,and S65C) in patients with chronic liver disorders (CLD) and controls. METHODS:To identify patients with iron overload (transferrin saturation > 45% in females and > 50% in males and serum ferritin > 1000 ng/mL) we evaluated 236 patients with CLD,including 59 with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH),22 with alcoholic liver disease (ALD),19 of cirrhosis due to viruses (HBV,HCV),and 136 with cryptogenic cirrhosis. Mutations of the HFE gene were analyzed by PCR-RE. hundred controls were screened for iron status and the mutations. RESULTS:Seventeen patients with CLD showed evidence of iron overload. Fifteen cases of iron overload had cryptogenic cirrhosis and two had ALD. None of the controls showed iron overload. We did not find any individual with 282Y or 65C either in the cases or in the controls. The prevalence of H63D heterozygosity was 12% in normal individuals,14.8% in 236 patients (16.9% in NASH,13.6% in ALD,26.3% in viral and 12.5% in cryptogenic cirrhosis) and the overall prevalence was 13.98%. Only two of the 17 patients with primary iron overload were heterozygous for H63D. One patient with NASH and one normal individual who were homozygous for H63D showed no iron overload.CONCLUSION:Primary iron overload in Indians is nonHFE type,which is different from that in Europeans and further molecular studies are required to determine the defect in various iron regulatory genes. | Barjinderjit Kaur Dhillon Reena Das Gurjeewan Garewal Yogesh Chawla RK Dhiman Ashim Das Ajay Duseja GR Chandak | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，21： | 5 |
| 13 | Impact of primary tumour location on colorectal liver metastases: A systematic review显示文摘BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide.Despite significant advances in screening,surgical management and adjuvant therapies,average 5-year survival seldom exceeds 60%in most developed nations.Metastatic disease represents the primary cause of mortality in patients with CRC,and the liver is the most common location for distant tumour spread.Up to 25%of patients are found to have synchronous liver metastases at the time of diagnosis and a further 30%-40%will develop metachronous disease in the course of follow-up.It has been suggested that primary tumour location[right side versus left side,primary tumour location(PTL)]can influence oncological outcomes in this patient group and that this should be considered in prognostic models and therapeutic decision-making algorithms.This suggestion is not universally accepted and there have been conflicting reports in the literature to date.AIM To provide a comprehensive summary of the available evidence regarding the impact of PTL on oncological outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases(CRCLM).METHODS MEDLINE,EMBASE and COCHRANE were searched for relevant publications using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses methodology.Data on oncological outcomes was then extracted from full text articles that met the predefined inclusion criteria.RESULTS A total of 41 studies were identified that met predefined inclusion criteria for this review.In 21 out of 38 studies that provided data on overall survival,a statistically significant improvement in overall survival was reported in patients with left sided primary tumours.These studies included a total of 13897 patients compared with 4306 patients in the studies that did not show a significant difference.Eight studies noted a similar trend towards improved disease-free or progression-free survival.Several authors observed distinct patterns of relapse after treatment of hepatic metastases according to PTL;for example hepatic recurrence after treatment of CRCLM appears to occur more aggressively with right-sided CRC.CONCLUSION Taken together,the findings of the present review indicate that PTL may have a role as an independent prognostic factor when determining treatment and disease surveillance strategies in CRC.The mechanisms responsible for this variation remain poorly understood,but are likely to relate to molecular,histological and embryological differences,as well as inherent differences in therapeutic sensitivity. | George Bingham Alysha Shetye Reena Suresh Reza Mirnezami | 2020 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2020，11，5： | 3 |
| 14 | hsa-mir-183 is frequently methylated and related to poor survival in human hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘AIM To screen clinically relevant micro RNAs (mi RNAs) silenced by DNA methylation in human hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS Knockdown of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) using si RNAs and mi RNA profiling in HCC cell lines were performed to identify DNA hypermethylation-mediated mi RNA downregulation. Confirmation using individual quantitative real-time PCR (qR T-PCR) assays was thenperformed followed by DNA methylation quantification at the promoter of the mi RNA genes. Quantification of DNA methylation and mi RNA expression was then performed in primary HCC tumor samples and related with clinicopathological variables.RESULTS mi RNA profiling after DNMT knockdown in HCC cell lines revealed upregulation of mi R-23, mi R-25 and mi R-183. After q RT-PCR confirmation and Cp G island methylation quantification of these miR NAs in cell lines, further analysis in primary HCC specimens showed that hsa-mi R-183 is hypermethylated in 30% of HCC (n = 40). Expression of mature miR-183 showed an inverse correlation with DNA methylation levels. In HCC cells, DNMT knockdown and 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine treatment reduced methylation and stimulated expression of mi R-183. In HCC patients, hypermethylation at hsami R-183 promoter significantly correlates with poor survival (log-rank test P = 0.03). DNA methylation analysis in healthy liver, benign liver tumors (hepatocellular adenoma and focal nodular hyperplasia) and their corresponding adjacent tissues showed absence of hypermethylation supporting the notion that aberrant methylation at hsa-miR-183 is specific for the malignant transformation of hepatocytes.CONCLUSION Our data indicate that hypermethylation of hsa-miR-183 is a frequent event in HCC and potentially useful as a novel surrogate diagnostic and prognostic marker. | Sumadi Lukman Anwar Till Krech Britta Hasemeier Elisa Schipper Nora Schweitzer Arndt Vogel Hans Kreipe Reena Buurman Britta Skawran Ulrich Lehmann | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，9： | 3 |
| 15 | Subcutaneous sarcoidosis of the upper and lower extremities: A case report and review of the literature显示文摘BACKGROUND Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disease of unknown etiology that most often impacts the lungs.Cutaneous manifestations of sarcoidosis are seen among 9%- 37% of patients.Subcutaneous sarcoidosis is a rare presentation of cutaneous sarcoidosis with estimates of frequency ranging from 1.4%-16%.To date,very few articles and case reports have been written about this subject.In this paper,we describe a case of subcutaneous sarcoidosis and perform a review of the literature to determine if there are commonalities among patients who present with subcutaneous sarcoidosis.CASE SUMMARY A 38-year-old female,with a past medical history of arthritis and recurrent nephrolithiasis,presents with an 8-mo history of 4 firm,asymptomatic,skincolored nodules on her left and right upper extremities and neck.Needle biopsy and post-excisional pathology report both revealed well-formed,dense,noncaseating granulomas localized to the subcutaneous tissue.Chest computed tomography revealed mild mediastinal lymphadenopathy.A diagnosis of subcutaneous sarcoidosis was made,and the lesions were surgically removed.CONCLUSION Commonalities among patients presenting with subcutaneous sarcoidosis include: middle-aged female,lesions localizing to the upper or lower limbs,lymphadenopathy or pulmonary infiltration on chest imaging,elevated serum angiotensin-converting enzyme. | Raman Mehrzad Julia Festa Reena Bhatt | 2019 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2019，7，17： | 3 |
| 16 | Does governance travel around the world? Evidence from institutional investors显示文摘 | Reena Aggarwal Isil Erel Miguel Ferreira Pedro Matos | 2010 | Journal of Financial Economics2010，，1： | 3 |
| 17 | Biotechnological intervention in Betelvine(Piper betle L.):A review on recent advances and future prospects显示文摘Betelvine(Piper betle L.) is cultivated for its deep green heart shaped leaf for(15-20) million Indian and 2 billion foreign consumers annually. The crop provides Rs(6 000-7 000) million of national income per year and at the same time leaves worth Rs(30-40) million is exported to other countries. The leaves are not only used directly for chewing purposes but also possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-cancer and anti-microbial properties. Besides, the leaves also contain eugenol rich essential oil(1%-3%) which is the source for medicine, stimulant, antiseptic, tonic and other ayurvedic formulations. The essential oil also contains chavibetol, caryophyllene and methyl eugenol which are the potent source for preparation in ayurvedic medicine and herbal products. Cost of betelvine essential oil is 10$ per 5 mL. In spite of its great economical and medicinal importance betelvine is still neglected by the researchers for proper characterization and authentication for selection of elite landraces. Lack of awareness among people, use of same planting material for many generations, existing of many synonyms for a single landraces, no proper characterization of available landraces are some of the significant constraints for its commercialization. Our review endeavours a complete advance in the research on betelvine, existing lacunae for its proper characterization and commercial cultivation. It also attempts to provide a comprehensive account on biotechnological interventions made in betelvine aimed at complementing conventional programmes for improvement of this nutraceutically important cash crop. | Suryasnata Das Reena Parida I.Sriram Sandeep Sanghamitra Nayak Sujata Mohanty | 2016 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2016，9，10： | 2 |
| 18 | Endocrine hypertension:An overview on the current etiopathogenesis and management options显示文摘Endocrine causes of secondary hypertension include primary aldosteronism,pheochromocytoma,cushing's syndrome,hyperparathyroidism and hypo-and hyperthyroidism.They comprise 5%-10% of the causes of secondary hypertension.Primary hyperaldosteronism,the most common of the endocrine cause of hypertension often presents with resistant or difficult to control hypertension associated with either normo-or hypokalemia.Pheochromocytoma,a great mimicker of many conditions,is associated with high morbidity and mortality if left untreated.A complete history including pertinent family history,physical examination along with a high index of suspicion with focused biochemical and radiological evaluation is important to diagnose and effectively treat these conditions.The cost effective targeted genetic screening for current known mutations associated with pheochromocytoma are important for early diagnosis and management in family members.The current review focuses on the most recent evidence regarding causes,clinical features,methods of diagnosis,and management of these conditions.A multidisciplinary approach involving internists,endocrinologists and surgeons is recommended in optimal management of these conditions. | Reena M Thomas Ewa Ruel Prapimporn Ch Shantavasinkul Leonor Corsino | 2015 | World Journal of Hypertension2015，5，2： | 2 |
| 19 | Secondary Prevention and Mortality in Peripheral Artery Disease: National Health and Nutrition Examination Study, 1999 to 2004显示文摘 | Reena L. Pande Todd S. Perlstein Joshua A. Beckman Mark A. Creager | 2011 | Circulation2011，，1： | 2 |
| 20 | Toll-like receptor-4 antagonism mediates benefits during neuroinflammation显示文摘Neuroinflammation following immune activation in the central nervous system(CNS)leads to neuronal loss in specific areas of the CNS resulting in neurodegenerative disorders.Thus,fine tuning the immune responses within the brain is essential,because most of the brain diseases are associated with chronic inflammation。 | Sagar Gaikwad Challagundla Naveen Reena Agrawal-Rajput | 2016 | Neural Regeneration Research2016，11，4： | 2 |
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