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| 1 | 肛裂临床诊治指南(第三次修订)显示文摘“美国结直肠外科医师协会(American Societyof ColonandRectal Surgeons.ASCRS)”(协会)致力于推进结直肠和肛门疾病的相关理论以及预防和诊疗水平的提高,给患者提供优质的医疗服务。“标准委员会”由协会中在结直肠外科方面有显著专长的成员组成。该委员会的建立是为了引领国际结直肠和肛门疾病诊治的发展,以建立具有循证医学证据的临床诊疗指南。指南是涵盖性的,非指令性的,目的是为临床决策提供信息,而非具体的治疗方法。指南适用于所有相关的医护人员以及希望得到相应指南中疾病的相关诊治信息的患者。 | Farshid Araghizadeh ~ Robin Boushey Sridhar Chalasani George Chang Robert Cima Gary Dunn Daniel Feingold Philip Fleshner Daniel Geisler Jill Genua Sharon Gregorcyk Daniel Herzig Andreas Kaiser Ravin Kumar David Larson Steven Mills John Monson P. Terry Phang Feza Remzi David Rivadeneira Howard Ross Peter Senatore Elin Sigurdson Thomas Stahl Scott Steele Scott Strong Charles Tement Judith Trudel Madhulika Varnna Martin Weiser 丁义江(译) 皇甫少华(译) 丁曙晴(译) | 2013 | 中华胃肠外科杂志2013,16,7: | 70 |
| 2 | 缺血性卒中的一级预防——美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会卒中委员会指南 动脉粥样硬化性周围血管病跨学科工作组、心血管护理委员会、临床心脏病学委员会、营养、体力活动和代谢委员会以及医疗质量和转归研究跨学科工作组共同倡导显示文摘背景和目的本指南提供有关各种确定和潜在的卒中危险因素证据的概述,并提供降低卒中风险的推荐。方法写作组成员由委员会主席根据每位作者先前在相关课题领域中的工作提名,并经美国心脏协会(AHA)卒中委员会科学声明监督委员会批准。写作组采用系统文献回顾(涵盖时间段为2001年最后一次回顾发表到2005年1月),参考先前已发表的指南、个人文件和专家意见来概括现有的证据,指明现有知识的差距;如果合适,则根据标准的AHA标准做出简明的推荐。写作组全体成员在撰写过程中均有很多机会对推荐进行评论并认可这份声明的最终版本。在AHA科学咨询与协调委员会批准之前,本指南已进行过广泛的同行评议。结果对评价个体首次卒中风险的流程图进行评估。根据干预的可能性(不可干预、可干预或潜在可干预)和证据的强度(证据充分或证据不太充分),对首次卒中的危险因素或风险标记物进行分类。不可干预的危险因素包括年龄、性别、出生体重低、人种/种族和遗传因素。证据充分的可干预危险因素包括高血压、主动或被动吸烟、糖尿病、心房颤动和某些其他心脏病、血脂异常、颈动脉狭窄、镰状细胞病、绝经后激素治疗、不良饮食习惯、缺乏体力活动、肥胖和体脂分布。证据不太充分或潜在的可干预危险因素包括代谢综合征、酗酒、药物滥用、口服避孕药、睡眠呼吸障碍、偏头痛、高同型半胱氨酸血症、脂蛋白(a)升高、脂蛋白相关的磷脂酶升高、高凝状态、炎症和感染。对应用阿司匹林进行卒中一级预防的资料进行回顾。结论有大量证据可以用于确定增加首次卒中风险的各种特殊因素和提供降低这种风险的策略。 | Larry B. Goldstein Robert Adams Mark J. Alberts Lawrence J. Appel Lawrence M. Brass Cheryl D. Bushnell Antonio Culebras Thomas J. DeGraba Philip B. Gorelick John R. Guyton Robert G. Hart George Howard Margaret Kelly-Hayes J.V. (Ian) Nixon Ralph L. Sacco 苏克江 高宗恩 | 2006 | 国际脑血管病杂志2006,14,8: | 28 |
| 3 | 卒中一级预防指南 美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会为医疗卫生专业人员制定的指南美国神经病学学会肯定本指南作为神经科医生继续教育工具的价值显示文摘背景和目的本指南对各种已确定和新出现的卒中危险因素的证据进行概述,以提供降低首次卒中风险的循证推荐。方法写作组成员由委员会主席根据每位成员先前在相关课题领域中的工作提名,并经美国心脏协会(American HeartAssociation,AHA)卒中委员会科学声明监督委员会批准。写作组采用系统文献回顾的方法(涵盖时间为2006年上一次回顾发表到2009年4月),参考先前已发表的指南、个人文件和专家意见来总结现有证据,并指出现有知识的差距;如果合适,则根据标准的AHA标准做出推荐。写作组全体成员均有机会对推荐进行评论并审核这份声明的最终文本。在AHA科学咨询和协调委员会考察和批准之前,本指南已南卒中委员会领导层和AIIA科学声明督察委员会进行过广泛的同行评议。结果对评价个体首次卒巾风险的流程图进行了评价。根据干预的町能性(不可于预、可于预或潜在可干预)和证据的强度(证据充分或证据不太充分),对首次卒中的危险因素或风险标记物进行分类。不可干预危险因素包括年龄、性别、低出生体质量、人种/种族和遗传倾向。证据充分的叮干预危险因素包括高血压、吸烟、糖尿病、心房颤动和某些其他心脏病、血脂异常、颈动脉狭窄、镰状细胞病、绝经后激素治疗、不良饮食习惯、体力活动过少以及肥胖和体脂分布。证据不太充分或潜在的可干预危险因素包括代谢综合征、酗酒、药物滥用、口服避孕药、睡眠呼吸障碍、偏头痛、高同型半胱氨酸血症、脂蛋白(a)升高、高凝状态、炎症和感染。对用阿司匹林进行卒中一级预防的资料进行了回顾。结论多方面的证据可用于确定能增高首次卒中风险的多种具体因素并提供降低这种风险的策略。 | Larry B. Goldstein Cheryl D. Bushnell Robert J. Adams Lawrence J. Appel Lynne T. Braun Seemant Chaturvedi Mark A. Creager Antonio Culebras Robert H. Eckel Robert G. Hart Judith A. Hinchey Virginia J. Howard Edward C. Jauch Steven R. Levine James F. Meschia Wesley S. Moore J.V. (Ian) Nixon Thomas A. Pearson 张霞(译) 尤寿江(译) 陈孝东(译) 卢涛声(译) 石际俊(译) 曹勇军(译) 徐兴顺(译) | 2010 | 国际脑血管病杂志2010,18,12: | 12 |
| 4 | Current and future applications of in vitro magnetic resonance spectroscopy in hepatobiliary disease显示文摘原子磁性的回声光谱学允许细胞的生物化学和新陈代谢的学习,在整个身体在活体内并且在更高的磁场力量在试管内。因为这种技术非侵略、非选择,磁性的回声光谱学方法论广泛地在生物化学和药被使用了。房间,身体液体和纸巾的在试管内磁性的回声光谱学研究在医药生物化学被使用了调查 pathophysiological 过程,更最近,这种技术被医生使用了决定疾病畸形在活体内。这个加亮的话题说明在试管内的潜力在学习肝胆管系统的磁性的回声光谱学。在恶意、非恶意的肝疾病和胆汁作文的学习的磁性的回声光谱学学习的在试管内质子和磷的角色被讨论,特别地与关联词在活体内的参考整个身体的磁性的回声光谱学应用。在摘要,磁性的回声光谱学技术能在到内在的 pathophysiological 过程的疾病严厉和指针上提供非侵略的生物化学的信息。磁性的回声光谱学为疾病简历标记,以及估计的治疗学的反应作为一个屏蔽工具保持潜在的诺言。 | I Jane Cox Amar Sharif Jeremy FL Cobbold Howard C Thomas Simon D Taylor-Robinson | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006,12,30: | 10 |
| 5 | Current and future applications of magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy of the brain in hepatic encepha-lopathy显示文摘肝的脑病(他) 普通 neuro 精神病学的畸形,它从肝细胞失败或 portosystemic 与肝疾病和结果复杂化病人的功课正在推延。表明他是广泛地可变的并且从温和无临床症状的骚乱包含一个系列到深昏迷。研究兴趣集中于传播导出勇气的毒素的角色,特别地氨,胀大的大脑的开发和在导致全球 CNS 消沉和混乱功能的服的 neurotransmitter 系统的变化。直到最近,服的功能的直接调查有在人是困难的。然而,当磁性的回声光谱学( 1H 太太)检测的质子在大脑生物化学变化时,新磁性的回声成像( MRI )技术在大脑体积( coregistered MRI )和损害大脑功能( fMRI )提供对变化的评价的一个非侵略的工具,包括服的 osmolytes 的直接测量,例如 myoinositol ,充斥管理对细胞的动态平衡内在的过程的使挫折和夫酸安,包括细胞内部的水的累积。这些细胞内部的 osmolytes 的集中与 hyperammonaemia 改变。有 neuropsychiatric 缺陷并且自从先生系列的严厉的检测太太的代谢物畸形相互关联向正常术后疗法回来,技术可能具有在客观耐心的监视并且在估计各种各样的治疗政体的有效性的使用。 | VP Bob Graver M Alex Dresner Daniel M Forton Serena Counsell David J Larkman Nayna Patel Howard C Thomas Simon D Taylor-Robinson | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006,12,19: | 8 |
| 6 | Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio:A prognostic tool in patients with inhospital cardiac arrest显示文摘BACKGROUND In-hospital cardiac arrest(IHCA) portends a poor prognosis and survival to discharge rate. Prognostic markers such as interleukin-6, S-100 protein and high sensitivity C reactive protein have been studied as predictors of adverse outcomes after return of spontaneous circulation(ROSC); however; these variables are not routine laboratory tests and incur additional cost making them difficult to incorporate and less attractive in assessing patient's prognosis. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR) is a marker of adverse prognosis for many cardiovascular conditions and certain types of cancers and sepsis. We hypothesize that an elevated NLR is associated with poor outcomes including mortality at discharge in patients with IHCA.AIM To determine the prognostic significance of NLR in patients suffering IHCA who achieve ROSC.METHODS A retrospective study was performed on all patients who had IHCA with the advanced cardiac life support protocol administered in a large urban community United States hospital over a one-year period. Patients were divided into two groups based on their NLR value(NLR < 4.5 or NLR ≥ 4.5). This cutpoint was derived from receiving operator characteristic curve analysis(area under the curve = 0.66) and provided 73% positive predictive value, 82% sensitivity and42% specificity for predicting in-hospital death after IHCA. The primary outcome was death or discharge at 30 d, whichever came first.RESULTS We reviewed 153 patients with a mean age of 66.1 ± 16.3 years; 48% were female.In-hospital mortality occurred in 65%. The median NLR in survivors was 4.9(range 0.6-46.5) compared with 8.9(0.28-96) in non-survivors(P = 0.001). A multivariable logistic regression model demonstrated that an NLR above 4.55[odds ratio(OR) = 5.20, confidence interval(CI): 1.5-18.3, P = 0.01], older age(OR= 1.03, CI: 1.00-1.07, P = 0.05), and elevated serum lactate level(OR = 1.20, CI:1.03-1.40, P = 0.02) were independent predictors of death.CONCLUSION An NLR ≥ 4.5 may be a useful marker of increased risk of death in patients with IHCA. | Vishal H Patel Philip Vendittelli Rajat Garg Susan Szpunar Thomas LaLonde John Lee Howard Rosman Rajendra H Mehta Hussein Othman | 2019 | World Journal of Critical Care Medicine2019,8,2: | 5 |
| 7 | 用于汽车自动变速器的温压涡轮毂显示文摘温压是一种可将增高密度与选择高使用性能材料相结合的技术。增高密度有助于提高零件的力学性能,以及整体使用性能。将密度增高与高使用性能相结合,可使制造的零件的使用性能超过相应的铸锻材料产品,同时可制成具有最终形的零件,从而显著减低生产成本。因此,自动变速器的涡轮毂就成为了温压的一个理想对象。这篇论文将评述,将用于高扭矩自动变速器的常规锻件切削加工的涡轮毂转换为用一次压制/一次烧结制造的粉末冶金涡轮毂。粉末冶金涡轮毂使用的材料是FD-0405。在试验室对这种扩散合金化材料进行了评价,和报告了几个密度水平的力学性能。温压可使高应力的内花键区全面达到高密度。为了证明粉末冶金零件的适用性,进行了广泛的力学与零件的特定试验。 | Howard Rutz Francis Hanejko Thomas Miller 韩凤麟(译) | 2012 | 粉末冶金工业2012,22,6: | 4 |
| 8 | Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2006 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee显示文摘 | Thomas Thom Nancy Haase Wayne Rosamond Virginia J. Howard John Rumsfeld Teri Manolio Zhi-Jie Zheng Katherine Flegal Christopher O’Donnell Steven Kittner Donald Lloyd-Jones David C. Goff Yuling Hong Robert Adams Gary Friday Karen Furie Philip Gorelick Bret | 2006 | Circulation2006,,6: | 3 |
| 9 | Cholangiocarcinoma显示文摘 | Shahid A Khan Howard C Thomas Brian R Davidson Simon D Taylor-Robinson | 2005 | The Lancet . 2005 (9493)2005,,: | 3 |
| 10 | Role of microbubble ultrasound contrast agents in the non-invasive assessment of chronic hepatitis C-related liver disease显示文摘长期地感染丙肝病毒的病人经常得长期的肝疾病,对肝损伤的严厉的评价在认为病毒的根除是治疗以前被要求。这篇文章检验从标准答案肝活体检视当前可得到的各种各样的评价方法到血清学的标记和成像。超声是在临床的实践的最广泛地使用的成像形式之一并且已经是为肝疾病的一个首要的诊断工具。Microbubble 超声对比代理人允许更高的分辨率要获得的图象和对要执行的微脉管的变化的功能的评价。在确定的这些代理人的角色肝的损害的状态作为与丙肝在病人决定肝疾病的阶段和等级的一个可行方法被讨论。尽管当前限制了到专家中心,提高对比的超声将不可避免地在临床的背景增加的微水泡的可获得性。 | Scott Grier Adrian KP Lim Nayna Patel Jeremy FL Cobbold Howard C Thomas Isobel J Cox Simon D Taylor-Robinson | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006,12,22: | 2 |
| 11 | Preinvasive and invasive ductal pancreatic cancer and its early detection in the mouse显示文摘 | Sunil R. Hingorani Emanuel F. Petricoin Anirban Maitra Vinodh Rajapakse Catrina King Michael A. Jacobetz Sally Ross Thomas P. Conrads Timothy D. Veenstra Ben A. Hitt Yoshiya Kawaguchi Don Johann Lance A. Liotta Howard C. Crawford Mary E. Putt Tyler Jacks | 2003 | Cancer Cell2003,,: | 2 |
| 12 | Adipokines Linking Obesity with Colorectal Cancer Risk in Postmenopausal Women显示文摘 | Gloria Y.F. Ho Tao Wang Marc J. Gunter Howard D. Strickler Mary Cushman Robert C. Kaplan Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller Xiaonan Xue Swapnil N. Rajpathak Rowan T. Chlebowski Mara Z. Vitolins Philipp E. Scherer Thomas E. Rohan | 2012 | Cancer Research2012,,12: | 2 |
| 13 | Influence of bactibilia after preoperative biliary stenting on postoperative infectious complications显示文摘 | Thomas J. Howard M.D. Jian Yu M.S. Ryan B. Greene M.D. Virgilio George M.D. George M. Wairiuko M.D. Seth A. Moore M.S. James A. Madura M.D | 2006 | Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2006,,4: | 2 |
| 14 | Rising trends in cholangiocarcinoma: Is the ICD classification system misleading us?显示文摘 | Shahid A. Khan Shireen Emadossadaty Nimzing G. Ladep Howard C. Thomas Paul Elliott Simon D. Taylor-Robinson Mireille B. Toledano | 2011 | Journal of Hepatology2011,,4: | 2 |
| 15 | Omega‐3 fatty acids and/or fluvastatin in hepatitis C prior non‐responders to combination antiviral therapy – a pilot randomised clinical trial显示文摘 | David A. Sheridan Simon H. Bridge Mary M. E. Crossey Daniel J. Felmlee Fiona I. Fenwick Howard C. Thomas R. Dermot G. Neely Simon D. Taylor‐Robinson Margaret F. Bassendine | 2014 | Liver Int2014,,5: | 2 |
| 16 | A Margin-Negative R0 Resection Accomplished With Minimal Postoperative Complications Is the Surgeon’s Contribution to Long-Term Survival in Pancreatic Cancer显示文摘 | Thomas J. Howard Joseph E. Krug Jian Yu Nick J. Zyromski C. Max Schmidt Lewis E. Jacobson James A. Madura Eric A. Wiebke Keith D. Lillemoe | 2006 | Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2006,,10: | 2 |
| 17 | Natural history of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia:How much do we really know?显示文摘Information on the natural history of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia(IPMN) is currently inadequate due to a lack of carefully orchestrated long-term followup on a large cohort of patients with asymptomatic disease.Based on the available data,one can draw the conclusions that main duct IPMN is commonly associated with malignancy and an aggressive operative stance should be taken with resection being offered to most patients who are suitable operative candidates.In contrast,the majority of branch type IPMN with a diameter of less than 3 cm can be safely followed with routine surveillance imaging provided they lack the high-risk covariates of age,symptomatology,nodularity or wall thickness. | Chad G Ball Thomas J Howard | 2010 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2010,2,10: | 2 |
| 18 | Cholangiocarcinoma显示文摘 | Shahid A Khan Howard C Thomas Brian R Davidson Simon D Taylor-Robinson | 2005 | The Lancet2005,,9493: | 2 |
| 19 | Organ Injury Scaling: Spleen and Liver (1994 Revision)显示文摘 | Ernest E. Moore Thomas H. Cogbill Gregory J. Jurkovich Steven R. Shackford Mark A. Malangoni Howard R. Champion | 1995 | The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Cri1995,,: | 2 |
| 20 | Resonant Heating of a Cluster Plasma by Intense Laser Light显示文摘 | Toshihiro Taguchi Thomas M Antonsen Howard M Milchberg | 2004 | Phys Rev Lett2004,,20: | 1 |