|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | 极高强度他汀治疗对冠状动脉粥样硬化消退的影响——ASTEROID试验显示文摘背景:以前的血管内超声(intravascular ultrasound,IVUS)试验证实,他汀治疗可减缓或阻止动脉粥样硬化的进展,但是迄今尚无应用动脉粥样斑块体积百分比(percent atheroma volume,PAV)证实粥样硬化消退的确切证据。PAV是最严格的评价病变进展和消退的IVUS测量指标。
目标:评价极高强度他汀治疗是否能逆转IVUS确定的冠状动脉粥样硬化。
设计和地点:于美国、加拿大、欧洲和澳大利亚53个社区和3级保健中心进行前瞻性开标盲法终点试验(A Study to Evaluate the Effect of Rosuvastatin on Intravascular Ultrasound-Derived Coronary Atheroma Burden,ASTEROID)。应用马达驱动回撤IVUS评价基线和治疗24个月时冠状动脉粥样斑块负荷。每对基线和随访IVUS测量结果均进行盲法分析。
病例:从2002年11月到2003年10月,507例患者有基线IVUS检查结果,并接受至少1个剂量的研究药物。在24个月后,349例患者具有可用于评估的系列IVUS检查结果。
干预:所有患者均接受瑞舒伐他汀40ms/d强化治疗。
主要观测指标:预先设定了两个一级疗效指标:PAV变化和基线最严重病变10min节段动脉粥样斑块体积变化。二级疗效指标为整个动脉标准化总斑块体积的变化。结果:平均(SD)LDL—C水平由基线时的130.4(34.3)ms/dL降至60.8(20.0)ms/扎,平均下降了53.2%(P〈0.001)。平均(SD)HDL-C水平从基线时的43.1(11.1)ms/dL升至49.0(12.6)ms/dL,平均增加了14.7%(P〈0.001)。整个血管PAV平均(SD)变化为-0.98%(3.15%),中位数为-0.79%(97.5%CI,-1.21%~-0.53%)(与基线比较,P〈0.001)。最严重病变10min节段斑块体积平均(SD)变化为-6.1(10.1)mm^3,中位数为-5.6mm^3(97.5%CI,-6.8~-4.0mm^3)(与基线比较,P〈0.001)。总斑块体积变化中位数降低了6.8%,平均减少了-14.7(25.7)mm^3,中位数为-12.5mm^3(95%CI,-15.1~-10.5mm^3)(与基线比较,P〈0.001)。不良事件少见,与其他他汀试验相似。
结论:应用瑞舒伐他汀40ms/d进行极高强度他汀治疗可使LDL-C平均水平达到60.8ms/dL,使HDL—C增加14.7%。这导致所有3个预先设定的IVUS斑块负荷指标均显示动脉粥样硬化消退。因此,将LDL-C降至低于目前指南规定的水平,同时显著提高HDL-C,可以使冠心病患者动脉粥样硬化斑块消退。这些变化对临床预后的影响尚需进一步研究确定。 | Steven E. Nissen Stephen J. Nicholls Ilks Sipahi Peter Libby Joel S. Raichlen Christie M. Ballantyne Jean Davignon Raimund Erbel Jean Charles Fruchart Jean-Claude Tardif Paul Schoenhagen Tim Crowe Valerie Cain Kathy Wolski Marlene Coormastic E. Murat Tuzcu 仝其广(译) 王淑敏(译) 胡大一(校) | 2006 | 美国医学会杂志(中文版)2006，25，4： | 341 |
| 2 | 保障自然资本与人类福祉:中国的创新与影响显示文摘1引言近十年来,将生态系统作为重要资本的理念迅速普及。从全球来看,这一理念正逐步体现到农业、水利、能源、城市、健康、渔业、林业、矿业等领域及其相关基础设施建设等许多部门的工作中,以及社区、企业、政府机构等的构架与决策中。为了扭转地球生命支持系统的退化趋势、提高人类福祉,迫切需要将自然资本价值整合到发展决策中的严谨科学方法。为了满足决策者的迫切需求,从事生态学的科研工作者面临如下四个方面的挑战,即:(1)在生态学、经济、社会、制度和管理的角度,认识生态系统服务、人类福祉以及他们的内在联系;(2)开发生态系统服务功能评价与决策应用的科学实用的工具;(3)开展在关键决策中能做出新理解和采用新工具的试点和示范;(4)让决策者实现决策方式的转型和永久改变。 | Gretchen C.Daily 欧阳志云 郑华 李树茁 王玉宽 Marcus Feldman Peter Kareiva Stephen Polasky Mary Ruckelshaus | 2013 | 生态学报2013，33，3： | 40 |
| 3 | 卒中相关性肺炎的诊断卒中肺炎共识小组的推荐意见显示文摘背景和目的下呼吸道感染常并发于卒中并对转归造成不利影响。对于并发于卒中的下呼吸道感染性疾病,目前尚无公认的专业术语或诊断金标准,这导致临床诊疗和研究受到影响。本共识旨在提出急性卒中并发下呼吸道感染的标准化术语和可操作性诊断标准。方法对多个文献数据库进行系统检索,经过证据回顾和2轮讨论,最后于2014年9月在英国曼彻斯特召开共识会议,经75%以上共识小组成员达成一致意见后形成共识。结果达成的共识如下:(1)推荐使用卒中相关性肺炎(stroke-associated pneumonia, SAP )作为卒中发病后7 d内发生的下呼吸道感染性疾病的专业术语。(2)提议对 SAP 使用经过改良的美国疾病控制预防中心(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC)诊断标准:①很可能的 SAP:符合 CDC 诊断标准,但复查或动态监测胸部 X 片仍缺乏典型改变;②确诊的 SAP:符合 CDC 诊断标准,且胸部 X 片有典型改变。(3)关于白细胞计数或 C反应蛋白在 SAP 诊断中的作用证据有限。(4)其他生物学标记物(如降钙素原)的证据不足。结论提议根据 CDC 诊断标准对 SAP 的术语和诊断制定可操作性的共识标准,需要在卒中患者中进行前瞻性研究来确定其信度、效度以及对医生行为(包括抗生素选择)和临床转归的影响。 | Craig J. Smith Amit K Kishore Andy Vail Angel Chamorro Javier Garau Stephen J. Hopkins Mario Di Napoli Lalit Kalra Peter Langhorne Joan Montaner Christine Roffe Anthony G. Rudd Pippa J. TyrreU Diederik van de Peek Mark Woodhead Andreas Meisel 范琳琳 宿英英 | 2016 | 国际脑血管病杂志2016，24，2： | 17 |
| 4 | 人类与自然耦合系统显示文摘人类与自然系统不断地相互作用促使人类与自然耦合系统(CHANS)的形成与发展。近期的研究揭示了人类与自然耦合系统在组织、空间以及时间上耦合的复杂性。这些耦合在相互作用方面从直接演化到更间接;在联结方面从邻近演化到更远距离;在尺度上,从局部演化到全球;在模式和过程上,从简单演化到复杂。解开如相互影响和突发属性的复杂性,能够导致新的科学发现,并且对于开发生态和社会经济可持续性的有效政策是非常重要的。以解决关于人类与自然耦合系统的基本问题和迎接社会的空前挑战为目的的,真正整合不同学科的机会正显现出来。 | 刘建国 Thomas Dietz Stephen R.Carpenter Carl Folke Marina Alberti Charles L.Redman Stephen H.Schneider Elinor Ostrom Alice N.Pell Jane Lubchenco William W.Taylor 欧阳志云 Peter Deadman Timothy Kratz William Provencher 张淑敏 | 2007 | AMBIO-人类环境杂志2007，36，B12： | 13 |
| 5 | 踝关节脱位是导致旋后外旋型踝关节骨折预后不良的危险因素显示文摘旋后外旋型骨折是踝关节骨折中最为常见的类型。其中SER四型骨折由于造成踝关节不稳,所以需要手术治疗。SER四型骨折部分会造成踝关节脱位。踝关节骨折脱位意味着关节软骨和关节周围软组织的严重损伤,但目前还缺乏脱位对围手术期并发症、放射学及临床疗效影响的研究。本研究的目的是探讨脱位是否会增加SER四型踝关节骨折(内踝骨折或三角韧带断裂)切口并发症或深部感染发生率、是否会增加骨折复位不良的风险、是否与经过至少随访1年后的关节功能不良有关。2004-2010年由同一医生治疗的SER四型旋后外旋型踝关节骨折共178例,经过选择后共有108例纳入本研究中。 | Peter K.Sculco Lionel E.Lazaro Milton M.Little Marschall B.Berkes Stephen J.Warner David L.Helfet Dean G.Lorich 王勇卓(整理) 张民(整理) | 2016 | 实用骨科杂志2016，22，10： | 12 |
| 6 | 更好地报告随机试验中的危害:CONSORT声明扩展版显示文摘面对随机对照试验(RCTs)报告质量过低的种种确凿证据和严重后果,许多医学杂志及编辑小组现已接受并支持一份包含有22个条目的清单和一个流程图的CONSORT声明(试验报告统一标准)。由于CONSORT的主旨是提高干预措施疗效的报告质量,故其中只有一个条目是具体针对安全性的。大量证据表明,报告RCT中的危害的相关数据的报告质量有待提高。2003年5月,CONSORT小组成员,包括杂志编辑和科学家,齐聚加拿大魁北克省Mentoebello探讨了这一问题,并形成以下文件:标准CONSORT清单附带报告危害相关问题的10个新推荐意见,并附上说明及恰当报告的实例。我们希望该声明连同其它CONSORT相关材料(www.consort-statement.org)将有助于作者提高RCT报告中与危害相关数据的报告质量。高质量报告有助于读者批判性评价和诠释试验结果。各杂志可通过修改稿约来向作者传达这一文件以支持这一目标。 | John P.A.Ioannidis Stephen J.W.Evans Peter C.G■tzsche Robert T.O’Neill Douglas G.Altman Kenneth Schulz David Moher 杜亮 | 2006 | 中国循证医学杂志2006，6，9： | 12 |
| 7 | Diagnosis and Management of the Metabolic Syndrome: An American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement显示文摘 | Scott M. Grundy James I. Cleeman Stephen R. Daniels Karen A. Donato Robert H. Eckel Barry A. Franklin David J. Gordon Ronald M. Krauss Peter J. Savage Sidney C. Smith John A. Spertus Fernando Costa | 2005 | Circulation2005，，17： | 7 |
| 8 | Evolution of indications and results of liver transplantation in Europe. A report from the European Liver Transplant Registry (ELTR)显示文摘 | René Adam Vincent Karam Valérie Delvart John O’Grady Darius Mirza Jurgen Klempnauer Denis Castaing Peter Neuhaus Neville Jamieson Mauro Salizzoni Stephen Pollard Jan Lerut Andreas Paul Juan Carlos Garcia-Valdecasas Fernando San Juan Rodríguez Andrew Burro | 2012 | Journal of Hepatology2012，，3： | 6 |
| 9 | 代谢综合征的诊断和治疗——美国心脏协会/国立心肺血液研究所指南概要显示文摘 | Scott M. Grundy James I. Cleeman Stephen R. Daniels Karen A. Donato Robert H. Eckel Barry A.Franklin David J. Gordon Ronald M. Krauss Peter J. Savage Sidney C. Smith John A. Spertus Fernando Costa | 2006 | 世界核心医学期刊文摘(心脏病学分册)2006，2，4： | 5 |
| 10 | Cell membrane coating for reducing nanoparticle-induced inflammatory responses to scaffold constructs显示文摘 | Zhiyuan Fan Peter Y. Li Junjie Deng Stephen C. Bady Hao Cheng | 2018 | Nano Research2018，11，10： | 5 |
| 11 | Automated bolting and meshing on a continuous miner for roadway development显示文摘Automated installation of primary roof support material can potentially increase productivity and operator safety in the roadway development process within underground coal mining. Although the broader manufacturing sector has benefited from automation, several challenges exist within the Australian underground coal industry which makes it difficult to fully exploit these technologies. At the University of Wollongong a series of reprogrammable electromechanical manipulators have been designed to overcome these challenges and automatically handle the installation of roof and rib containment consumables on a continuous miner. The automated manipulation removes personnel from hazards in the immediate face area, particularly those associated with working in a confined and unstable working environment in close proximity to rotating and moving equipment. In a series of above ground trials the automated system was successfully demonstrated without human intervention and proven to be capable of achieving cycle times at a rate of 10 m per operating hour, consistent with that required to support high capacity longwall mines. The trials also identified a number of refinements which could further improve both cycle times and system reliability when considering the technology for underground use. The results have concluded that conventional manual handling practices on a continuous miner can be eliminated, and that the prototypes have significantly reduced the technical risk in proceeding to a full underground trial. | van Duin Stephen Meers Luke Donnelly Peter Oxley Ian | 2013 | International Journal of Mining Science and Technology2013，23，1： | 4 |
| 12 | The Epigenomics of Cancer显示文摘 | Peter A. Jones Stephen B. Baylin | 2007 | Cell2007，，4： | 4 |
| 13 | Risk factors and natural history of breast cancer in younger Chinese women显示文摘AIM: To investigate the age differences in the risk factors, clinicopathological characteristics and patterns of treatment of female breast cancer patients. METHODS: Seven thousand one hundred and fiftytwo women with primary breast cancer from the Hong Kong Breast Cancer Registry were recruited after receiving patients' consent, they were asked to complete standardized questionnaires which captured their sociodemographic characteristics and risk factors associated with breast cancer development. Among them, clinicopathological data and patterns of treatment were further collected from medical records of 5523 patients with invasive breast cancers. Patients were divided into two groups according to the age at diagnosis: younger(< 40 years old) vs older patients(≥ 40 years old) for subsequent analyses.RESULTS: Analysis on the sociodemographic characteristics and exposure to risk factors were performed on 7152 women with primary breast cancer and the results revealed that younger patients were more likely to have unhealthy lifestyles; these include a lack of exercise(85.4% vs 73.2%, P < 0.001), having high stress in life(46.1% vs 35.5%, P < 0.001), having dairy/meat-rich diets(20.2% vs 12.9%, P < 0.001),having alcohol drinking habit(7.7% vs 5.2%, P = 0.002). Younger patients were also more likely to have hormone-related risk factors including nulliparity(43.3% vs 17.8%, P < 0.001) and an early age at menarche(20.7% vs 13.2%, P < 0.001). Analyses on clinicopathological characteristics and patterns of treatment were performed on 5523 women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer. The invasive tumours in younger patients showed more aggressive pathological features such as having a higher percentage of grade 3 histology(45.7% vs 36.5%, P < 0.001), having a higher proportion of tumours with lymphovascular invasion(39.6% vs 33.2%, P = 0.003), and having multifocal disease(15.7% vs 10.3%, P < 0.001); they received different patterns of treatment than their older counterparts.CONCLUSION: Younger patients in Hong Kong are more likely to encounter risk factors associated with breast cancer development and have more aggressive tumours than their older counterparts. | Winnie Yeo Hang-Mei Lee Amy Chan Emily YY Chan Miranda CM Chan Keeng-Wai Chan Sharon WW Chan Foon-Yiu Cheung Polly SY Cheung Peter HK Choi Josette SY Chor William WL Foo Wing-Hong Kwan Stephen CK Law Lawrence PK Li Janice WH Tsang Yuk Tung Lorna LS Wong Ting-Ting Wong Chun-Chung Yau Tsz-Kok Yau Benny CY Zee | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，5： | 4 |
| 14 | Validation and refinement of scores to predict very early stroke risk after transient ischaemic attack显示文摘 | S Claiborne Johnston Peter M Rothwell Mai N Nguyen-Huynh Matthew F Giles Jacob S Elkins Allan L Bernstein Stephen Sidney | 2007 | 2007 (9558)2007，，9558： | 3 |
| 15 | Risk for emerging bipolar disorder, variants, and symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, now grown up显示文摘AIM: To determine the prevalence of bipolar disorder(BD) and sub-threshold symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) through 14 years' follow-up, when participants were between 21-24 years old.METHODS: First, we examined rates of BD type Ⅰ?and Ⅱ diagnoses in youth participating in the NIMH-funded Multimodal Treatment Study of ADHD(MTA). We used the diagnostic interview schedule for children(DISC), administered to both parents(DISC-P) and youth(DISCY). We compared the MTA study subjects with ADHD(n = 579) to a local normative comparison group(LNCG, n = 289) at 4 different assessment points: 6, 8, 12, and 14 years of follow-ups. To evaluate the bipolar variants, we compared total symptom counts(TSC) of DSM manic and hypomanic symptoms that were generated by DISC in ADHD and LNCG subjects. Then we sub-divided the TSC into pathognomonic manic(PM) and non-specific manic(NSM) symptoms. We compared the PM and NSM in ADHD and LNCG at each assessment point and over time. We also evaluated the irritability as category A2 manic symptom in both groups and over time. Finally, we studied the irritability symptom in correlation with PM and NSM in ADHD and LNCG subjects.RESULTS: DISC-generated BD diagnosis did not differ significantly in rates between ADHD(1.89%) and LNCG 1.38%). Interestingly, no participant met BD diagnosis more than once in the 4 assessment points in 14 years. However, on the symptom level, ADHD subjects reported significantly higher mean TSC scores: ADHD 3.0; LNCG 1.7; P < 0.001. ADHD status was associated with higher mean NSM: ADHD 2.0 vs LNCG 1.1; P < 0.0001. Also, ADHD subjects had higher PM symptoms than LNCG, with PM means over all time points of 1.3 ADHD; 0.9 LNCG; P = 0.0001. Examining both NSM and PM, ADHD status associated with greater NSM than PM. However, Over 14 years, the NSM symptoms declined and changed to PM over time(df 3, 2523; F = 20.1; P < 0.0001). Finally, Irritability(BD DSM criterion-A2) rates were significantly higher in ADHD than LNCG(χ2 = 122.2, P < 0.0001), but irritability was associated more strongly with NSM than PM(df 3, 2538; F = 43.2; P < 0.0001).CONCLUSION: Individuals with ADHD do not appear to be at significantly greater risk for developing BD, but do show higher rates of BD symptoms, especially NSM. The greater linkage of irritability to NSM than to PM suggests caution when making BD diagnoses based on irritability alone as one of 2(A-level) symptoms for BD diagnosis, particularly in view of its frequent presentation with other psychopathologies. | Ahmed Z Elmaadawi Peter S Jensen L Eugene Arnold Brooke SG Molina Lily Hechtman Howard B Abikoff Stephen P Hinshaw Jeffrey H Newcorn Laurence Lee Greenhill James M Swanson Cathryn A Galanter | 2015 | World Journal of Psychiatry2015，5，4： | 3 |
| 16 | Eosinophilic esophagitis: Updated consensus recommendations for children and adults显示文摘 | Chris A. Liacouras Glenn T. Furuta Ikuo Hirano Dan Atkins Stephen E. Attwood Peter A. Bonis A. Wesley Burks Mirna Chehade Margaret H. Collins Evan S. Dellon Ranjan Dohil Gary W. Falk Nirmala Gonsalves Sandeep K. Gupta David A. Katzka Alfredo J. Lucendo Jo | 2011 | The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology2011，，1： | 3 |
| 17 | An overview of tissue and whole organ decellularization processes显示文摘 | Peter M. Crapo Thomas W. Gilbert Stephen F. Badylak | 2011 | Biomaterials2011，，12： | 3 |
| 18 | Short-Term Outcomes of the Australasian Randomized Clinical Study Comparing Laparoscopic and Conventional Open Surgical Treatments for Colon Cancer: The ALCCaS Trial显示文摘 | Peter J. Hewett Randall A. Allardyce Philip F. Bagshaw Christopher M. Frampton Francis A. Frizelle Nicholas A. Rieger J Shona Smith Michael J. Solomon Jacqueline H. Stephens Andrew R. L. Stevenson | 2008 | Annals of Surgery2008，，5： | 3 |
| 19 | Increased Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Activity in Unstable Carotid Plaques: A Potential Role in Acute Plaque Disruption显示文摘 | Ian M. Loftus A. Ross Naylor Stephen Goodall Matthew Crowther Louise Jones Peter R. F. Bell Matthew M. Thompson | 2000 | Stroke: Journal of the American Heart Association2000，，1： | 2 |
| 20 | Worsening renal function in heart failure: The need for a consensus definition显示文摘 | Noella J. Sheerin Phillip J. Newton Peter S. Macdonald Dominic Y.C. Leung David Sibbritt Stephen Timothy Spicer Kay Johnson Henry Krum Patricia M. Davidson | 2014 | International Journal of Cardiology2014，，： | 2 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员