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| 1 | 卒中相关性肺炎的诊断卒中肺炎共识小组的推荐意见显示文摘背景和目的下呼吸道感染常并发于卒中并对转归造成不利影响。对于并发于卒中的下呼吸道感染性疾病,目前尚无公认的专业术语或诊断金标准,这导致临床诊疗和研究受到影响。本共识旨在提出急性卒中并发下呼吸道感染的标准化术语和可操作性诊断标准。方法对多个文献数据库进行系统检索,经过证据回顾和2轮讨论,最后于2014年9月在英国曼彻斯特召开共识会议,经75%以上共识小组成员达成一致意见后形成共识。结果达成的共识如下:(1)推荐使用卒中相关性肺炎(stroke-associated pneumonia, SAP )作为卒中发病后7 d内发生的下呼吸道感染性疾病的专业术语。(2)提议对 SAP 使用经过改良的美国疾病控制预防中心(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC)诊断标准:①很可能的 SAP:符合 CDC 诊断标准,但复查或动态监测胸部 X 片仍缺乏典型改变;②确诊的 SAP:符合 CDC 诊断标准,且胸部 X 片有典型改变。(3)关于白细胞计数或 C反应蛋白在 SAP 诊断中的作用证据有限。(4)其他生物学标记物(如降钙素原)的证据不足。结论提议根据 CDC 诊断标准对 SAP 的术语和诊断制定可操作性的共识标准,需要在卒中患者中进行前瞻性研究来确定其信度、效度以及对医生行为(包括抗生素选择)和临床转归的影响。 | Craig J. Smith Amit K Kishore Andy Vail Angel Chamorro Javier Garau Stephen J. Hopkins Mario Di Napoli Lalit Kalra Peter Langhorne Joan Montaner Christine Roffe Anthony G. Rudd Pippa J. TyrreU Diederik van de Peek Mark Woodhead Andreas Meisel 范琳琳 宿英英 | 2016 | 国际脑血管病杂志2016，24，2： | 17 |
| 2 | Stroke Propagates Bacterial Aspiration to Pneumonia in a Model of Cerebral Ischemia显示文摘 | Konstantin Prass Johann S. Braun Ulrich Dirnagl Christian Meisel Andreas Meisel | 2006 | Stroke2006，，10： | 2 |
| 3 | Pathophysiology of Stroke: Lessons from Animal Models显示文摘 | Philipp Mergenthaler Ulrich Dirnagl Andreas Meisel | 2004 | Metabolic Brain Disease2004，，3： | 1 |
| 4 | Toll-like receptor 2 mediates CNS injury in focal cerebral ischemia显示文摘 | Seija Lehnardt Sabrina Lehmann David Kaul Katharina Tschimmel Olaf Hoffmann Sabine Cho Christina Krueger Robert Nitsch Andreas Meisel Joerg R. Weber | 2007 | Journal of Neuroimmunology2007，，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Preconditioning and tolerance against cerebral ischaemia from experimental strategies to clinical use显示文摘 | Ulrich Dirnagl Kyra Becker Andreas Meisel | 2009 | Lancet Neurol2009，8，4： | 1 |
| 6 | Development of a Clinical Score (A2DS2) to Predict Pneumonia in Acute Ischemic Stroke显示文摘 | Sarah Hoffmann Uwe Malzahn Hendrik Harms Hans-Christian Koennecke Klaus Berger Marianne Kalic Georg Walter Andreas Meisel Peter Ulrich Heuschmann | 2012 | Stroke2012，，10： | 1 |
| 7 | Elevation of CD4+ Differentiated Memory T Cells Is Associated With Acute Cellular and Antibody-Mediated Rejection After Liver Transplantation显示文摘 | Undine A. Gerlach Katrin Vogt Stephan Schlickeiser Christian Meisel Mathias Streitz Desiree Kunkel Christine Appelt Stefanie Ahrlich Nils Lachmann Peter Neuhaus Andreas Pascher Birgit Sawitzki | 2013 | Transplantation Journal2013，，12： | 1 |
| 8 | Protection from brain damage and bacterial infection in murine stroke by the novel caspase-inhibitor Q-VD-OPH显示文摘 | Johann Sebastian Braun Konstantin Prass Ulrich Dirnagl Andreas Meisel Christian Meisel | 2007 | Experimental Neurology2007，，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Catabolic Signaling and Muscle Wasting After Acute Ischemic Stroke in Mice: Indication for a Stroke-Specific Sarcopenia显示文摘 | Jochen Springer Susanne Schust Katrin Peske Anika Tschirner Andre Rex Odilo Engel Nadja Scherbakov Andreas Meisel Stephan von Haehling Michael Boschmann Stefan D. Anker Ulrich Dirnagl Wolfram Doehner | 2014 | Stroke2014，，12： | 1 |
| 10 | Blue polarized electroluminescence from a liquid crystalline polyfluorene显示文摘 | Martin Grell Wolfgang Knoll Tzenka Miteva Dieter Neher Donald Lupo Andreas Meisel Heinz-Georg Nothofer Ullrich Scherf Akio Yasuda | 1999 | Adv Mater1999，11，8： | 1 |
| 11 | Brain antigens in functionally distinct antigen-presenting cell populations in cervical lymph nodes in MS and EAE显示文摘Drainage of central nervous system(CNS) antigens to the brain-draining cervical lymph nodes(CLN) is likely crucial in the initiation and control of autoimmune responses during multiple sclerosis(MS). We demonstrate neuronal antigens within CLN of MS patients. In monkeys and mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE) and in mouse models with non-inflammatory CNS damage, the type and extent of CNS damage was associated with the frequencies of CNS antigens within the cervical lymph nodes. In addition, CNS antigens drained to the spinal-cord-draining lumbar lymph nodes. In human MS CLN, neuronal antigens were present in pro-inflammatory antigen-presenting cells(APC), whereas the majority of myelincontaining cells were anti-inflammatory. This may reflect a different origin of the cells or different drainage mechanisms. Indeed, neuronal antigen-containing cells in human CLN did not express the lymph node homing receptor CCR7, whereas myelin antigen-containing cells in situ and in vitro did. Nevertheless, CLN from EAE-affected CCR7-deficient mice contained equal amounts of myelin and neuronal antigens as wild-type mice. We conclude that the type and frequencies of CNS antigens within the CLN are determined by the type and extent of CNS damage. Furthermore, the presence of myelin and neuronal antigens in functionally distinct APC populations within MS CLN suggests that differential immune responses can be evoked. | Marloes van Zwam Ruth Huizinga Marie-José Melief Annet F.Wierenga-Wolf Marjan van Meurs Jane S.Voerman Knut P.H.Biber Hendrikus W.G.M.Boddeke Uta E.Hopken Christian Meisel Andreas Meisel Ingo Bechmann Rogier Q.Hintzen Bert A.‘t Hart Sandra Amor Jon D.Laman Leonie A.Boven | 2016 | 世界最新医学信息文摘2016，16，11： | 0 |
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