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| 1 | High-fidelity replication of thermoplastic microneedles with open microfluidic channels显示文摘Development of microneedles for unskilled and painless collection of blood or drug delivery addresses the quality of healthcare through early intervention at point-of-care.Microneedles with submicron to millimeter features have been fabricated from materials such as metals,silicon,and polymers by subtractive machining or etching.However,to date,large-scale manufacture of hollow microneedles has been limited by the cost and complexity of microfabrication techniques.This paper reports a novel manufacturing method that may overcome the complexity of hollow microneedle fabrication.Prototype microneedles with open microfluidic channels are fabricated by laser stereolithography.Thermoplastic replicas are manufactured from these templates by soft-embossing with high fidelity at submicron resolution.The manufacturing advantages are(a)direct printing from computeraided design(CAD)drawing without the constraints imposed by subtractive machining or etching processes,(b)high-fidelity replication of prototype geometries with multiple reuses of elastomeric molds,(c)shorter manufacturing time compared to three-dimensional stereolithography,and(d)integration of microneedles with open-channel microfluidics.Future work will address development of open-channel microfluidics for drug delivery,fluid sampling and analysis. | Zahra Faraji Rad Robert E.Nordon Carl J.Anthony Lynne Bilston Philip D.Prewett Ji-Youn Arns Christoph H.Arns Liangchi Zhang Graham J.Davies | 2017 | Microsystems & Nanoengineering2017，3，1： | 9 |
| 2 | Autoimmune gastritis:Pathologist's viewpoint显示文摘Western countries are seeing a constant decline in the incidence of Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis, coupled with a rising epidemiological and clinical impact of autoimmune gastritis. This latter gastropathy is due to autoimmune aggression targeting parietal cells through a complex interaction of auto-antibodies against the parietal cell proton pump and intrinsic factor, and sensitized T cells. Given the specific target of this aggression, autoimmune gastritis is typically restricted to the gastric corpus-fundus mucosa. In advanced cases, the oxyntic epithelia are replaced by atrophic(and metaplastic) mucosa, creating the phenotypic background in which both gastric neuroendocrine tumors and(intestinal-type) adenocarcinomas may develop. Despite improvements in our understanding of the phenotypic changes or cascades occurring in this autoimmune setting, no reliable biomarkers are available for identifying patients at higher risk of developing a gastric neoplasm. The standardization of autoimmune gastritis histology reports and classifications in diagnostic practice is a prerequisite for implementing definitive secondary prevention strategies based on multidisciplinary diagnostic approaches integratingendoscopy, serology, histology and molecular profiling. | Irene Coati Matteo Fassan Fabio Farinati David Y Graham Robert M Genta Massimo Rugge | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，42： | 8 |
| 3 | Dementia and osteoporosis in a geriatric population: Is there a common link?显示文摘AIM To determine the existence of a common pathological link between dementia and osteoporosis through reviewing the current evidence base. METHODS This paper reviews the current literature on osteoporosis and dementia in order to ascertain evidence of a common predisposing aetiology. A literature search of Ovid MEDLINE(1950 to June 2016) was conducted. The keywords 'osteoporosis', 'osteoporotic fracture', 'dementia' and 'Alzheimer's disease'(AD) were used to determine the theoretical links with the most significant evidence base behind them. The key links were found to be vitamins D and K, calcium, thyroid disease, statins, alcohol and sex steroids. These subjects were then searched in combination with the previous terms and the resulting papers manually examined. Theoretical, in vitro and in vivo research were all used to inform this review which focuses on the most well developed theoretical common causes for dementia(predominantly Alzheimer's type) and osteoporosis.RESULTS Dementia and osteoporosis are multifaceted disease processes with similar epidemiology and a marked increase in prevalence in elderly populations. The existence of a common link between the two has been suggested despite a lack of clear pathological overlap in our current understanding. Research to date has tended to be fragmented and relatively weak in nature with multiple confounding factors reflecting the difficulties of in vivo experimentation in the population of interest. Despite exploration of various possible mechanisms in search for a link between the two pathologies, this paper found that it is possible that these associations are coincidental due to the nature of the evidence available. One finding in this review is that prior investigation into common aetiologies has found raised amyloid beta peptide levels in osteoporotic bone tissue, with a hypothesis that amyloid beta disorders are systemic disorders resulting in differing tissue manifestations. However, our findings were that the most compelling evidence of a common yet independent aetiology lies in the APOE4 allele, which is a well-established risk for AD but also carries an independent association with fracture risk. The mechanism behind this is thought to be the reduced plasma vitamin K levels in individuals exhibiting the APOE4 allele which may be amplified by the nutritional deficiencies associated with dementia, which are known to include vitamins K and D. The vitamin theory postulates that malnutrition and reduced exposure to sunlight in patients with AD leads to vitamin deficiencies. CONCLUSION Robust evidence remains to be produced regarding potential links and regarding the exact aetiology of these diseases and remains relevant given the burden of dementia and osteoporosis in our ageing population. Future research into amyloid beta, APOE4 and vitamins K and D as the most promising aetiological links should be welcomed. | Candice L Downey Adam Young Emily F Burton Simon M Graham Robert J Macfarlane Eva-Maria Tsapakis Eleftherios Tsiridis | 2017 | World Journal of Orthopedics2017，8，5： | 6 |
| 4 | 子痫前期:病理生理学和临床意义显示文摘子痫前期是一种常见疾病,尤其影响首次妊娠。其临床表现多样,但通常表现为高血压和蛋白尿。这些全身症状是由于在合体滋养细胞的压力作用下,胎盘释放了可溶性因子。子痫前期主要有早发型和迟发型2种亚型,其他几种亚型目前尚未确定。早发型子痫前期是由于胎盘缺陷而出现,而迟发型子痫前期可能是由于胎盘的正常衰老,以及母体对心血管和代谢疾病的遗传易感性交互产生。子痫前期因胎盘和母体因素产生的原因因人而异。最近的研究主要集中在早孕期的胎盘-子宫相互作用。本文旨在对关于子痫前期的预测、预防和治疗方法的最新文献进行归纳综述。 | Graham J Burton Christopher W Redman James M Roberts Ashley Moffett 秦萌(译) 金滢 潘凌亚(校 | 2019 | 英国医学杂志中文版2019，22，11： | 6 |
| 5 | miR-122 regulation of lipid metabolism revealed by in vivo antisense targeting显示文摘 | Christine Esau Scott Davis Susan F. Murray Xing Xian Yu Sanjay K. Pandey Michael Pear Lynnetta Watts Sheri L. Booten Mark Graham Robert McKay Amuthakannan Subramaniam Stephanie Propp Bridget A. Lollo Susan Freier C. Frank Bennett Sanjay Bhanot Brett P. Mo | 2006 | Cell Metabolism2006，，2： | 4 |
| 6 | From minimal to maximal surgery in the treatment of hepatocarcinoma:A review显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma represents one of the most challenging frontiers in liver surgery. Surgeons have to face a broad spectrum of aspects,from the underlying liver disease to the new surgical techniques. Safe liver resection can be performed in patients with portal hypertension and well-compensated liver function witha 5-year survival rate of 50%,offering good longterms results in selected patients. With the advances in laparoscopic surgery,major liver resections can be performed with minimal harm,avoiding the wound and leak complications related to the laparotomies. Studies have shown that oncological margins are the same as in open surgery. In patients submitted to liver resection(either laparoscopic or open) who experience recurrence,re-resection or salvage liver transplantation has been showing to be an alternative approach in well selected cases. The decision making approach to the cirrhotic patient is becoming more complex and should involve hepatologists,liver surgeons,radiologists and oncologists. Better understanding of the different risk factors for recurrence and survival should be aimed in these multidisciplinary discussions. We here in discuss the hot topics related to surgical risk factors regarding the surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: anatomical resection,margin status,macrovascular tumor invasion,the place of laparoscopy,salvage liver transplantation and liver transplantation. | Marcos Vinicius Perini Graham Starkey Michael A Fink Ramesh Bhandari Vijayaragavan Muralidharan Robert Jones Christopher Christophi | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，1： | 4 |
| 7 | Gastroesophageal reflux among different racial groups in the United States显示文摘 | Hashem B. El-Serag Nancy J. Petersen Junaia Carter David Y. Graham Peter Richardson Robert M. Genta Linda Rabeneck | 2004 | Gastroenterology2004，，7： | 2 |
| 8 | Topographic patterns of intestinal metaplasia and gastric cancer显示文摘 | Mauro Cassaro Massimo Rugge Oscar Gutierrez Gioacchino Leandro David Y Graham Robert M Genta | 2000 | The American Journal of Gastroenterology2000，，： | 2 |
| 9 | Monitoring of atrazine in milk using a rapid tube-based ELISA and validation with HPLC显示文摘 | Hanna Barchanska Elzbieta Jodo Robert Graham Price Irena Baranowska Ramadan Abuknesha | 2012 | Chemosphere2012，，11： | 2 |
| 10 | Limited impact of IL28B genotype on response rates in telaprevir-treated patients with prior treatment failure显示文摘 | Stanislas Pol Jeroen Aerssens Stefan Zeuzem Pietro Andreone Eric J. Lawitz Stuart Roberts Zobair Younossi Graham R. Foster Roberto Focaccia Andrzej Horban Paul J. Pockros Rolf P.G. Van Heeswijk Sandra De Meyer Don Luo Martyn Botfield Maria Beumont Gaston | 2013 | Journal of Hepatology2013，，5： | 2 |
| 11 | Management of Gastric Polyps: An Endoscopy-Based Approach显示文摘 | Yasser H. Shaib Massimo Rugge David Y. Graham Robert M. Genta | 2013 | Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology2013，，： | 2 |
| 12 | On the theory of flashover development显示文摘 | Graham T L Makhviladze G Roberts J P | 1995 | Fire Safety Journal1995，25，： | 1 |
| 13 | Stable micro-dystrophin gene transfer using an integrating adeno-retroviral hybrid vector ameliorates the dystrophic pathology in mdx mouse musle显示文摘 | Roberts ML Wells DJ Graham IR | 2002 | Hum Mol Genet2002，11，15： | 1 |
| 14 | Deepwater DST planning and operations from a DP vessel显示文摘 | Robert Graham Stephen | 2004 | Society of Petroleum Engineers2004，，： | 1 |
| 15 | Expression and mapping of the mouse S7/Pmsc2 gene, homolog of an essential mitotic gene in yeast显示文摘 | Jeremy Allen Laurence Colleaux Duncan Davidson Elisabeth Graham Muriel Lee Robert Hill Cathy Abbott Colin Gordon | 1997 | Mammalian Genome1997，，5： | 1 |
| 16 | miR-122 regulation of lipid metabolism revealed by in vivo antisense targeting显示文摘 | Christine Esau Scott Davis Susan F. Murray Xing Xian Yu Sanjay K. Pandey Michael Pear Lynnetta Watts Sheri L. Booten Mark Graham Robert McKay Amuthakannan Subramaniam Stephanie Propp Bridget A. Lollo Susan Freier C. Frank Bennett Sanjay Bhanot Brett P. Mo | 2006 | Cell Metabolism2006，，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Reinventing residual reserves in the sea: are we favouring ease of establishment over need for protection?显示文摘 | Rodolphe Devillers Robert L. Pressey Alana Grech John N. Kittinger Graham J. Edgar Trevor Ward Reg Watson | 2015 | Aquatic Conserv: Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst2015，，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Liquefaction of Autographa californica Nucleopolyhedrovirus-Infected Insects Is Dependent on the Integrity of Virus-Encoded Chitinase and Cathepsin Genes显示文摘 | Rachael E Hawtin Tamara Zarkowska Kevin Arnold Carole J Thomas Graham W Gooday Linda A King John A Kuzio Robert D Possee | 1997 | Virology1997，，： | 1 |
| 19 | Cardiopulmonary resuscitation of adults in the hospital: A report of 14 720 cardiac arrests from the National Registry of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation显示文摘 | Mary Ann Peberdy William Kaye Joseph P. Ornato Gregory L. Larkin Vinay Nadkarni Mary Elizabeth Mancini Robert A. Berg Graham Nichol Tanya Lane-Trultt | 2003 | Resuscitation2003，，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Prepulse effects as a function of cortical projection system显示文摘 | Perlstein William M Simons Robert F Graham Frances K | 2001 | Biological Psychology2001，56，2： | 1 |
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