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| 1 | Endoscopy and polyps-diagnostic and therapeutic advances in management显示文摘Despite multiple efforts aimed at early detection through screening, colon cancer remains the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States, with an estimated 51000 deaths during 2013 alone. The goal remains to identify and remove benign neoplastic polyps prior to becoming invasive cancers. Polypoid lesions of the colon vary widely from hyperplastic, hamartomatous and inflammatory to neoplastic adenomatous growths. Although these lesions are all benign, they are common, with up to one-quarter of patients over 60 years old will develop pre-malignant adenomatous polyps. Colonoscopy is the most effective screening tool to detect polyps and colon cancer, although several studies have demonstrated missed polyp rates from 6%-29%, largely due to variations in polyp size. This number can be as high as 40%, even with advanced (> 1 cm) adenomas. Other factors including sub-optimal bowel preparation, experience of the endoscopist, and patient anatomical variations all affect the detection rate. Additional challenges in decision-making exist when dealing with more advanced, and typically larger, polyps that have traditionally required formal resection. In this brief review, we will explore the recent advances in polyp detection and therapeutic options. | Scott R Steele Eric K Johnson Bradley Champagne Brad Davis Sang Lee David Rivadeneira Howard Ross Dana A Hayden Justin A Maykel | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，27： | 16 |
| 2 | Operative considerations for rectovaginal fistulas显示文摘To describe the etiology, anatomy and pathophysiology of rectovaginal fistulas(RVFs); and to describe a systematic surgical approach to help achieve optimal outcomes. A current review of the literature was performed to identify the most up-to-date techniques and outcomes for repair of RVFs. RVFs present a difficult problem that is frustrating for patients and surgeons alike. Multiple trips to the operating room are generally needed to resolve the fistula, and the recurrence rate approaches40% when considering all of the surgical options. At present, surgical options range from collagen plugs and endorectal advancement flaps to sphincter repairs or resection with colo-anal reconstruction. There are general principles that will allow the best chance for resolution of the fistula with the least morbidity to the patient. These principles include: resolving the sepsis, identifying the anatomy, starting with least invasive surgical options, and interposing healthy tissue for complex or recurrent fistulas. | Kevin R Kniery Eric K Johnson Scott R Steele | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2015，7，8： | 7 |
| 3 | 妊娠期高血压疾病对远期心血管病的影响显示文摘对妇女妊娠期高血压疾病(hypertensive disorder of pregnancy,HDP)史的研究,可能有助于改善动脉粥样硬化性心血管病的风险评估。但是,有HDP既往史的中年无症状妇女在未来患心血管病的风险仍未知。该研究旨在探讨有或无HDP既往史的中年女性心血管病的远期发病率。纳入标准:在前瞻性、观察性英国生物资料库中,纳入40~69岁并至少有一活产的英国妇女,对其中一亚组妇女进行了无创性动脉硬度测量。 | 周卫(译) 叶鹏(摘、审校) Honigberg MC Zekavat SM Aragam K Klarin D Bhatt DL Scott NS Peloso GM Natarajan P | 2020 | 中华高血压杂志2020，28，2： | 6 |
| 4 | Acute kidney injury and hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis显示文摘Acute kidney injury(AKI)in cirrhosis,including hepatorenal syndrome(HRS),is a common and serious complication in cirrhotic patients,leading to significant morbidity and mortality.AKI is separated into two categories,non-HRS AKI and HRS-AKI.The most recent definition and diagnostic criteria of AKI in cirrhosis and HRS have helped diagnose and prognosticate the disease.The pathophysiology behind non-HRS-AKI and HRS is more complicated than once theorized and involves more processes than just splanchnic vasodilation.The common biomarkers clinicians use to assess kidney injury have significant limitations in cirrhosis patients;novel biomarkers being studied have shown promise but require further studies in clinical settings and animal models.The overall management of non-HRS AKI and HRS-AKI requires a systematic approach.Although pharmacological treatments have shown mortality benefit,the ideal HRS treatment option is liver transplantation with or without simultaneous kidney transplantation.Further research is required to optimize pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic approaches to treatment.This article reviews the current guidelines and recommendations of AKI in cirrhosis. | Kapil Gupta Abhishek Bhurwal Cindy Law Scott Ventre Carlos D Minacapelli Savan Kabaria You Li Christopher Tait Carolyn Catalano Vinod K Rustgi | 2021 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2021，27，26： | 5 |
| 5 | Quality in the technical performance of colonoscopy and the continuous quality improvement process for colonoscopy: recommendations of the U.S. Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer显示文摘 | Douglas K Rex John H Bond Sidney Winawer Theodore R Levin Randall W Burt David A Johnson Lynne M Kirk Scott Litlin David A Lieberman Jerome D Waye James Church John B Marshall Robert H Riddell | 2002 | The American Journal of Gastroenterology2002，，6： | 3 |
| 6 | Sacroiliac joint stability: Finite element analysis of implant number, orientation, and superior implant length显示文摘AIM To analyze how various implants placement variables affect sacroiliac(SI) joint range of motion. METHODS An experimentally validated finite element model of the lumbar spine and pelvis was used to simulate a fusion of the SI joint using various placement configurations of triangular implants(iF use Implant System~?). Placement configurations were varied by changing implant orientation, superior implant length, and number of implants. The range of motion of the SI joint was calculated using a constant moment of 10 N-m with a follower load of 400 N. The changes in motion were compared between the treatment groups to assess how the different variables affected the overall motion of the SI joint. RESULTS Transarticular placement of 3 implants with superior implants that end in the middle of the sacrum resulted in the greatest reduction in range of motion(flexion/extension = 73%, lateral bending = 42%, axial rotation = 72%). The range of motions of the SI joints were reduced with use of transarticular orientation(9%-18%) when compared with an inline orientation. The use of a superior implant that ended mid-sacrum resulted in median reductions of(8%-14%) when compared with a superior implant that ended in the middle of the ala. Reducing the number of implants, resulted in increased SI joint range of motions for the 1 and 2 implant models of 29%-133% and 2%-39%, respectively,when compared with the 3 implant model.CONCLUSION Using a validated finite element model we demonstrated that placement of 3 implants across the SI joint using a transarticular orientation with superior implant reaching the sacral midline resulted in the most stable construct. Additional clinical studies may be required to confirm these results. | Derek P Lindsey Ali Kiapour Scott A Yerby Vijay K Goel | 2018 | World Journal of Orthopedics2018，9，3： | 3 |
| 7 | Towards a unified paradigm for sequence‐based identification of fungi显示文摘 | Urmas K?ljalg R. Henrik Nilsson Kessy Abarenkov Leho Tedersoo Andy F. S. Taylor Mohammad Bahram Scott T. Bates Thomas D. Bruns Johan Bengtsson‐Palme Tony M. Callaghan Brian Douglas Tiia Drenkhan Ursula Eberhardt Margarita Due?as Tine Grebenc Gareth W. Gri | 2013 | Mol Ecol2013，，21： | 2 |
| 8 | Transformation of wheat with the gene encoding the coat protein of barley yellow mosaic virus显示文摘 | Karunaratne S Sohn A Mouradov A Scott J Steinbi H Scott K J | 1996 | Aust J Plant Physiol1996，23，： | 2 |
| 9 | B7-1 and B7-2 costimulatory molecules activate differentially the Th1/Th2 developmental pathways: Application to autoimmune disease therapy显示文摘 | Vijay K Kuchroo Mercy Prabhu Das Julia A Brown Ann M Ranger Scott S Zamvil Raymond A Sobel Howard L Weiner Nasrin Nabavi Laurie H Glimcher | 1995 | Cell1995，，5： | 2 |
| 10 | Outcome of cytomegalovirus infections in patients with inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘 | Konstantinos A Papadakis Jim K Tung Scott W Binder Lori Y Kam Maria T Abreu Stephan R Targan Eric A Vasiliauskas | 2001 | The American Journal of Gastroenterology2001，，7： | 2 |
| 11 | Surgical left atrial appendage occlusion during cardiac surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘AIM To evaluate the safety and efficacy of surgical left atrial appendage occlusion(s-LAAO) during concomitant cardiac surgery.METHODS We performed a comprehensive literature search through May 31 st 2018 for all eligible studies comparing s-LAAO vs no occlusion in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Clinical outcomes during follow-up included: embolic events, stroke, all-cause mortality, atrial fibrillation(AF), reoperation for bleeding and postoperative complications. We further stratified the analysis based on propensity matched studies and AF predominance.RESULTS Twelve studies(n = 40107) met the inclusion criteria.s-LAAO was associated with lower risk of embolic events(OR: 0.63, 95%CI: 0.53-0.76; P < 0.001) and stroke(OR: 0.68, 95%CI: 0.57-0.82; P < 0.0001).Stratified analysis demonstrated this association was more prominent in the AF predominant strata. There was no significant difference in the incidence risk of allcause mortality, AF, and reoperation for bleeding and postoperative complications.CONCLUSION Concomitant s-LAAO during cardiac surgery was associated with lower risk of follow-up thromboembolic events and stroke, especially in those with AF without significant increase in adverse events. Further randomized trials to evaluate long-term benefits of s-LAAO are warranted. | Varunsiri Atti Mahesh Anantha-Narayanan Mohit K Turagam Scott Koerber Sunil Rao Juan FViles-Gonzalez Rakesh MSuri Poonam Velagapudi Dhanunjaya Lakkireddy David G Benditt | 2018 | World Journal of Cardiology2018，10，11： | 2 |
| 12 | 肥胖不影响供卵受孕患者的种植率或妊娠结局 | Styne-Gross A Elkind-Hirsch K Scott Jr. R.T 李跃萍 | 2005 | 世界核心医学期刊文摘(妇产科学分册)2005，0，10： | 2 |
| 13 | 用PDE-5抑制剂治疗勃起功能障碍的男性患者中前列腺癌的发生率:回顾性研究显示文摘本研究比较了用PDE-5抑制剂治疗勃起功能障碍(ED)7年的男性患者和与这些患者年龄及各种风险因素相似的7年内不使用PDE一5抑制剂治疗ED的男性患者中前列腺癌发生率的情况。通过分析2000年到2006年的电子病例和数据库,以年龄在50至69岁,2000年前无前列腺癌病史的ED患者作为研究对象。这些患者被分为两组:2362名曾用PDE-5抑制剂治疗的男性和2612名不曾使用过该药物的男性。比较每组的人口数据。在研究期内:97名(4.1%)接受过PDE-5抑制剂治疗的ED患者被诊断出患了前列腺癌,在非PDE-5抑制剂治疗组中,258名(9.9%)被诊断出患了前列腺癌(P〈O.0001)。在非洲裔美国人中,接受PDE-5抑制剂治疗的比例比不用的比例高(10.5%VS.7.1%,P〈0.0001)。接受过PDE-5治疗的患者,其前列腺特异性抗原增高的比例比较低(10.0%vs.13.1%,P=0.0008),但良性前列腺增生的比例比较高(38.4%vs.35.1%,P=0.0149)。接受PDE-5抑制剂治疗ED的男性不易患前列腺癌(调整后的优势比为0.4,95%CI:0.3—0.5,P〈0.0001)。我们的研究数据表明:用PDE-5抑制剂治疗ED的男性倾向于不易患前列腺癌。还需要进行更多的研究。 | Anthony H Chavez K Scott Coffield M Hasan Rajab Chanhee Joe | 2013 | Asian Journal of Andrology2013，15，2： | 2 |
| 14 | Scrapie and cellular PrP isoforms are encoded by the same chromosomal gene显示文摘 | Basler K Oesch B Scott M | 1986 | Cell1986，46，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha on host immune response in chronic persistent tuberculosis: possible role for limiting pathology显示文摘 | Mohan VP Scanga CA Yu K Scott HM Tanaka KE Tsang E Tsai MM Flynn JL Chan J | 2001 | Infect Immune2001，69，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Performance and repair design of stay cables with rain/wind induced vibrations显示文摘 | Scott W Keith K Randall W P | 2008 | Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities2008，22，6： | 1 |
| 17 | A study ofglyoxylic acid systhesis in an undividedce 11 显示文摘 | Colboume AP Peer SD | 1990 | Electrochimica Acta1990，35，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Coordinate suppression of ERBB2 and ERBB3 by enforced expression of micro-RNA miR-125a or miR-125b显示文摘 | Scott G K Goga A Bhaumik D | 2007 | Biol Chem2007，282，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Taste recognition:Food for thought显示文摘 | Scott K | 2005 | Neuron2005，48，： | 1 |
| 20 | Land-use change: effects on soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus pools and fluxes in three adjacent ecosystems 显示文摘 | Ross D J Tate K R Scott N A | 1999 | Soil Biology and Biochemis try1999，31，： | 1 |
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