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| 1 | Neoadjuvant treatment of esophageal cancer显示文摘The management of esophageal cancer has been evolving over the past 30 years. In the United States, multimodality treatment combining chemotherapy and radiotherapy (RT) prior to surgical resection has come to be accepted by many as the standard of care, although debate about its overall effect on survival still exists, and rightfully so. Despite recent improvements in detection and treatment, the overall survival of patients with esophageal cancer remains lower than most solid tumors, which highlights why further advances are so desperately needed. The aim of this article is to provide a complete review of the history of esophageal cancer treatment with the addition of chemotherapy, RT, and more recently, targeted agents to the surgical management of resectable disease. | Nicholas P Campbell Victoria M Villaflor | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，30： | 16 |
| 2 | China Patient-centered Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events Prospective Study of Acute Myocardial Infarction: Study Design显示文摘 | Rachel P Dreyer Xi Li Xue Du Nicholas S Downing Li Li Hai-Bo Zhang Fang Feng Wen-Chi Guan Xiao Xu Shu-Xia Li Zhen-Qiu Lin Frederick A Masoudi John A Spertus Harlan M Krumholz Li-Xin Jiang | 2016 | Chinese Medical Journal2016，，1： | 13 |
| 3 | Effect of preoperative biliary drainage on outcome of classical pancreaticoduodenectomy显示文摘AIM: To investigate the role of preoperative biliary drainage (PBD) in the outcome of classical pancreaticodu odenectomy. METHODS: A 10-year retrospective data analysis was performed on patients (n = 48) undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy from March 1994 to March 2004 in department of surgery at SMS medical college, Jaipur, India. Demographic variables, details of preoperative stenting, operative procedure and post operative complications were noted. RESULTS: Preoperative biliary drainage was performed in 21 patients (43.5%). The incidence of septic complications was significantly higher in patients with biliary stent placement (P < 0.05, 0 vs 4). This group of patients also had a significantly higher minor biliary leak rate. Mortality and hospital stay in each group was comparable. CONCLUSION: Within this study population the use of PBD by endoscopic stenting was associated with a high incidence of infective complications. These findings do not support the routine use of biliary stenting in patients prior to pancreatico-duodenectomy. | Chandra Shekhar Bhati Chandrashekhar Kubal Pankaj Kumar Sihag Ankur Atal Gupta Raj Kamal Jenav Nicholas G Inston Jagdish M Mehta | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，8： | 12 |
| 4 | Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013显示文摘 | Marie Ng Tom Fleming Margaret Robinson Blake Thomson Nicholas Graetz Christopher Margono Erin C Mullany Stan Biryukov Cristiana Abbafati Semaw Ferede Abera Jerry P Abraham Niveen M E Abu-Rmeileh Tom Achoki Fadia S AlBuhairan Zewdie A Alemu Rafael Alfonso | 2014 | The Lancet2014，，： | 7 |
| 5 | Admission Glucose and In-hospital Mortality after Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients with or without Diabetes: A Cross-sectional Study显示文摘 | Shi Zhao Karthik Murugiah Na Li Xi Li Zi-Hui Xu Jing Li Chen Cheng Hong Mao Nicholas S Downing Harlan M Krumholz Li-Xin Jiang | 2017 | Chinese Medical Journal2017，，7： | 6 |
| 6 | Preservation solutions used during abdominal transplantation:Current status and outcomes显示文摘Organ preservation remains an important contributing factor to graft and patient outcomes. During donor organ procurement and transportation, cellular injury is mitigated through the use of preservation solutions in conjunction with hypothermia. Various preservation solutions and protocols exist with widespread variability among transplant centers. In this review of abdominal organ preservation solutions, evolution of transplantation and graft preservation are discussed followed by classification of preservation solutions according to the composition of electrolytes, impermeants, buffers, antioxidants, and energy precursors. Lastly, pertinent clinical studies in the setting of hepatic, renal, pancreas, and intestinal transplantation are reviewed for patient and graft survival as well as financial considerations. In liver transplants there may be some benefit with the use of histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate(HTK) over University of Wisconsin solution in terms of biliary complications and potential cost savings. Renal grafts may experience increased initial graft dysfunction with the use of Euro-Collins thereby dissuading its use in support of HTK which can lead to substantial cost savings. University of Wisconsin solution and Celsior are favored in pancreas transplants given the concern for pancreatitis and graft thrombosis associated with HTK. No difference was observed with preservation solutions with respect to graft and patient survival in liver, renal, and pancreas transplants. Studies involving intestinal transplants are sparse but University of Wisconsin solution infused intraluminally in combination with an intra-vascular washout is a reasonable option until further evidence can be generated. Available literature can be used to ameliorate extensive variation across centers while potentially minimizing graft dysfunction and improving associated costs. | Nicholas Latchana Joshua R Peck Bryan A Whitson Mitchell L Henry Elmahdi A Elkhammas Sylvester M Black | 2015 | World Journal of Transplantation2015，5，4： | 5 |
| 7 | Software for automated classification of probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy videos of colorectal polyps显示文摘AIM:To support probe-based confocal laser endomi-croscopy (pCLE) diagnosis by designing software for the automated classification of colonic polyps. METHODS:Intravenous fluorescein pCLE imaging of colorectal lesions was performed on patients under-going screening and surveillance colonoscopies, followed by polypectomies. All resected specimens were reviewed by a reference gastrointestinal pathologist blinded to pCLE information. Histopathology was used as the criterion standard for the differentiation between neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions. The pCLE video sequences, recorded for each polyp, were analyzed off-line by 2 expert endoscopists who were blinded to the endoscopic characteristics and histopathology. These pCLE videos, along with their histopathology diagnosis, were used to train the automated classification software which is a content-based image retrieval technique followed by k-nearest neighbor classification. The performance of the off-line diagnosis of pCLE videos established by the 2 expert endoscopists was compared with that of automated pCLE software classification. All evaluations were performed using leave-one-patient- out cross-validation to avoid bias. RESULTS:Colorectal lesions (135) were imaged in 71 patients. Based on histopathology, 93 of these 135 lesions were neoplastic and 42 were non-neoplastic. The study found no statistical significance for the difference between the performance of automated pCLE software classification (accuracy 89.6%, sensitivity 92.5%, specificity 83.3%, using leave-one-patient-out cross-validation) and the performance of the off-line diagnosis of pCLE videos established by the 2 expert endoscopists (accuracy 89.6%, sensitivity 91.4%, specificity 85.7%). There was very low power (< 6%) to detect the observed differences. The 95% confidence intervals for equivalence testing were:-0.073 to 0.073 for accuracy, -0.068 to 0.089 for sensitivity and -0.18 to 0.13 for specificity. The classification software proposed in this study is not a 'black box' but an informative tool based on the query by example model that produces, as intermediate results, visually similar annotated videos that are directly interpretable by the endoscopist. CONCLUSION:The proposed software for automated classification of pCLE videos of colonic polyps achieves high performance, comparable to that of off-line diagnosis of pCLE videos established by expert endoscopists. | Barbara André Tom Vercauteren Anna M Buchner Murli Krishna Nicholas Ayache Michael B Wallace | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，39： | 5 |
| 8 | Predictors of double balloon endoscopy outcomes in the evaluation of gastrointestinal bleeding显示文摘AIM:To identify patients' characteristics associated with double balloon endoscopy(DBE)outcomes in investigation of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding(OGIB).METHODS:Retrospective study performed at an academic tertiary referral center.Evaluated endpoints were clinical factors associated with no diagnostic yield or non-therapeutic intervention of DBE performed for OGIB evaluation.RESULTS:We included fifty-five DBE between August 2010 and April 2012.The mean age of the sample was 67 with 32 males(58.2%).Twenty-four DBE had no diagnostic yield and 30 DBE did not require therapy.Non-diagnostic yield was associated with performing two or more DBE studies in one day [odds ratio(OR):13.72,P=0.008],absence of blood transfusions within a year of the DBE(OR:7.16,P=0.03)and absence of ulcers or arteriovenous malformations(AVMs)on prior esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD)or colonoscopy(OR:19.30,P=0.033).Non-therapeutic DBE was associated with performing two or more DBE per day(OR:18.579,P=0.007),gastrointestinal bleeding episode within a week of the DBE(OR:11.48,P=0.003),fewer blood transfusion requirements prior to DBE(OR:4.55,P=0.036)and absence of ulcers or AVMs on prior EGD or colonoscopy(OR:8.47,P=0.027).CONCLUSION:Predictors of DBE yield and therapeutic intervention on DBE include blood transfusion requirements,previous endoscopic findings and possibly endoscopist fatigue. | Hisham Hussan Nicholas R Crews Caroline M Geremakis Soubhi Bahna Jennifer L LaBundy Christine Hachem | 2014 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2014，6，6： | 3 |
| 9 | 慢性原发性疼痛显示文摘本文介绍ICD-11(国际疾病分类-11)中有关慢性原发性疼痛(Chronic primary pain,CPP)的诊断标准。疼痛持续或反复发作超过3个月,伴有显著的情绪情感异常或功能障碍,且排除其他慢性疼痛性疾病时,可诊断为慢性原发性疼痛。与所有疼痛一样,本文为理解慢性原发性疼痛设定了一个生物、心理和社会环境整合模式,认为慢性原发性疼痛的各亚型都是由生物、心理和社会因素的相互作用诱导产生。与DSM-5和ICD-10的观点不同,ICD-11对慢性原发性疼痛的诊断不具有确定的生物或心理诱因,但需排除其他诊断。若有明确的原发疾病,并且疼痛是该疾病的继发症状,则诊断为慢性继发性疼痛。本文的目的是创建一个对全科医疗和专业疼痛管理皆适用的诊断分类,以便改进个体化治疗计划,同时对每个诊断分类提供更加准确的描述,为临床医师和研究人员提供帮助。 | 吕岩(译) 周华成(译) 林夏清(译) 吴莹(译) 宋学军(审校) 万有(审校) 樊碧发(审校) 韩济生(审校) Nicholas M | 2021 | 中国疼痛医学杂志2021，27，2： | 3 |
| 10 | Barrett’s metaplasia glands are clonal, contain multiple stem cells and share a common squamous progenitor显示文摘 | Anna M Nicholson Trevor A Graham Ashley Simpson Adam Humphries Nicola Burch Manuel Rodriguez-Justo Marco Novelli Rebecca Harrison Nicholas A Wright Stuart A C McDonald Janusz A Jankowski | 2012 | Gut2012，，10： | 3 |
| 11 | Circulating MicroRNA Is a Biomarker of Pediatric Crohn Disease显示文摘 | Adam M Zahm Meena Thayu Nicholas J Hand Amber Horner Mary B Leonard Joshua R Friedman | 2011 | Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition2011，，1： | 3 |
| 12 | In vitro Ruminal Gas Production Kinetics of Four Fodder Trees Ensiled With or Without Molasses and Urea显示文摘This study investigated if the addition of urea (U), molasses (M) or their 1:1 (v/v) mixture during ensiling increases the nutritional value of forage from four fodder trees (Prunus persica, Leucaena esculenta, Acacia farnesiana, and Prunus domestica). Forage samples of fodder trees were collected in triplicate (three individual samples of each species) and subjected to an in vitro gas production (GP) procedure. Fermentation at 24 h (GP 24), short-chain volatile fatty acids (SCFA), and microbial crude protein production (MCP), in vitro organic matter digestibility (OMD), metabolizable energy (ME) and dry matter degradability (DMD) were estimated. Forage samples were incubated for 72 h in an incubator at 39oC and the volume of GP was recorded at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h of incubation using the reading pressure technique. The rumen fermentation profiles were highest for P. persica, which showed the highest (P<0.0001) DMD, ME, OMD, SCFA, GP 24 and MCP. On the other hand L. esculenta had the lowest (P<0.0001) DMD, SCFA, MCP; P. domestica had the lowest (P<0.0001) OMD. The addition of M to silage increased (P<0.0001) ME and OMD, as well as GP. However, the addition of U and the mixture of U and M reduced (P<0.0001) DMD, ME, OMD, SCFA, GY 24 and MCP. These results show that P. persica has the highest nutritive value and L. esculenta the lowest for ruminants. Additionally, the addition of M to forage from fodder trees increases rumen GP and fermentation, which may improve nutrient utilization in ruminants. | Abdelfattah Z M Salem ZHOU Chuan-she TAN Zhi-liang Miguel Mellado Moises Cipriano Salazar Mona M M Y Elghandopur Nicholas E Odongo | 2013 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2013，12，7： | 3 |
| 13 | Rates and risk factors for suicidal ideation,suicide attempts and suicide deaths in persons with HIV:a systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘Background People living with HIV/AIDS(PLWHA)must contend with a significant burden of disease.However,current studies of this demographic have yielded wide variations in the incidence of suicidality(defined as suicidal ideation,suicide attempt and suicide deaths).Aims This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the lifetime incidence and prevalence of suicidality in PLWHA.Methods Publications were identified from PubMed(MEDLINE),SCOPUS,OVID(MEDLINE),Joanna Briggs Institute EBP and Cochrane Library databases(from inception to before 1 February 2020).The search strategy included a combination of Medical Subject Headings associated with suicide and HIV.Researchers independently screened records,extracted outcome measures and assessed study quality.Data were pooled using a random-effects model.Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were conducted to explore the associated risk factors and to identify the sources of heterogeneity.Main outcomes were lifetime incidence of suicide completion and lifetime incidence and prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt.Results A total of 185199 PLWHA were identified from 40 studies(12 cohorts,27 cross-sectional and 1 nested case-control).The overall incidence of suicide completion in PLWHA was 10.2/1000 persons(95%CI:4.5 to 23.1),translating to 100-fold higher suicide deaths than the global general population rate of 0.11/1000 persons.The lifetime prevalence of suicide attempts was 158.3/1000 persons(95%CI:106.9 to 228.2)and of suicidal ideation was 228.3/1000 persons(95%CI:150.8 to 330.1).Meta-regression revealed that for every 10-percentage point increase in the proportion of people living with HIV with advanced disease(AIDS),the risk of suicide completion increased by 34 per 1000 persons.The quality of evidence by Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development and Evaluations for the suicide deaths was graded as‘moderate’quality.Conclusions The risk of suicide death is 100-fold higher in people living with HIV than in the general population.Lifetime incidence of suicidal ideation and attempts are substantially high.Suicide risk assessments should be a priority in PLWHA,especially for those with more advanced disease. | Matt Pelton Matt Ciarletta Holly Wisnousky Nicholas Lazzara Monica Manglani Djibril M Ba Vernon M Chinchillli Ping Du Anna E Ssentongo Paddy Ssentongo | 2021 | General Psychiatry2021，34，2： | 3 |
| 14 | Characterization of colonic dendritic cells in normal and colitic mice显示文摘AIM: Recent studies demonstrating the direct involvement of dendritic cells (DC) in the activation of pathogenic T cells in animal models of inflammatory bowel disease identify DC as important antigen presenting cells in the colon. However, very little is known about the properties of colonic DC.METHODS: Using immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy and flow cytometry we have characterized and compared colonic DC in the colon of healthy animals and interleukin-2-deficient (IL2-/-) mice that develop colitis.RESULTS: In the healthy colon, DC resided within the lamina propria and in close association with the basement membrane of colonic villi. Type 1 myeloid (CD11c+, CD11b+,B220-, CD8α-) DC made up the largest (40-45%) population and all DC expressed low levels of CD80, CD86, and CD40,and had high endocytic activity consistent with an immature phenotype. In colitic IL2-/- mice, colonic DC numbers increased four- to five-fold and were localized within the epithelial layer and within aggregates of T and B cells. They were also many more DC in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN).The majority (>85%) of DC in the colon and MLN of IL2-/-mice were type 1 myeloid, and expressed high levels of MHC class Ⅱ, CD80, CD86, CD 40, DEC 205, and CCR5molecules and were of low endocytic activity consistent with mature DC.CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrate striking changes in the number, distribution and phenotype of DC in the inflamed colon. Their intimate association with lymphocytes in the colon and draining lymph nodes suggest that they may contribute directly to the ongoing inflammation in the colon. | Sheena M Cruickshank Nicholas R English Peter J Felsburg Simon R Carding | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，40： | 3 |
| 15 | Cytoplasmic expression of p27^(kip1) is associated with a favourable prognosis in colorectal cancer patients显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the prognostic significance of p27kip1 in colorectal cancer patients. METHODS: Cytoplasmic and nuclear p27kip1 expression was evaluated in 418 colorectal cancers using tissue microarrays. Data were associated with known patient and tumor variables and long-term patient outcomes, providing further insight into the mechanisms by which p27kip1 may influence tumor development. RESULTS: Nuclear and cytoplasmic p27Kip1 expressions were detected in 59% and 19% of tumors respectively. Cytoplasmic p27Kip1 was almost invariably associated with positive nuclear p27Kip1 expression. Neither case correlat- ed with known clinical or pathological variables, includ- ing tumor stage, grade or extramural vascular invasion. Furthermore, nuclear p27kip1 expression had no impact on survival. However, we identified a significant correla- tion between expression of cytoplasmic p27kip1 and longer disease-specific survival times. On multivariate analysis, TNM stage and extramural vascular invasion were highly significant independent prognostic factors, with positive cytoplasmic p27 expression showing a trend towards im- proved patient survival (P = 0.059).CONCLUSION: These findings support the recent evi- dence that cytoplasmic p27kip1 has a distinct and impor- tant biological role that can influence tumor outcome. | Nicholas FS Watson Lindy G Durrant John H Scholefield Zahra Madjd Duncan Scrimgeour Ian Spendlove Ian O Ellis Poulam M Patel | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，39： | 3 |
| 16 | 澳大利亚初级保健诊所新发腰背痛患者的预后:起始队列研究显示文摘目的估计初级保健诊所内新发腰背痛患者的1年预后,并确定其预后因素。设计1年随访队列研究。地点澳大利亚悉尼的初级保健诊所。参试者初级保健诊所接诊的973例非特异性腰背痛连续患者(平均年龄43.3岁,男性54.8%)。该起始队列患者腰背痛时间不足两周,征集自170名全科医生、理疗师或按摩师诊所。主要评估指标参试者完成基线调查问卷后,分别于初次就诊后6周、3个月和21个月时复查评估。评估内容包括:工作恢复情况、功能恢复情况和疼痛消失情况。潜在预后因素与恢复所需时间的关联性用Cox回归建模分析。结果12个月随访率〉97%。基线时工作能力下降的患者半数在14天内恢复了以前的工作状态(95%可信区间11-17天),83%在3个月内恢复。残疾(中位恢复时间31天,25-37天)和疼痛(中位58天,52-63天)则需要较长的时间才能恢复。只有72%的受试者于基线访问后12个月获得完全康复。高龄、赔偿诉讼、疼痛较重、就诊前腰背痛时间较长、就诊前因疼痛活动减少天数较多、抑郁情绪以及预期危险持续与所需恢复时问较长相关。结论在这个急性腰背痛初级保健患者队列,患者的预后并不像临床指南声称的那样乐观。多数患者的恢复缓慢。近三分之一的患者在腰背痛发作后1年尚未恢复。 | Nicholas Henschke Christopher G Maher Kathryn M Refshauge Robert D Herbert Robert G Cumming Jane Bleasel John York Anurina Das James H McAuley 蓝恭涛(译) | 2008 | 英国医学杂志中文版2008，11，6： | 2 |
| 17 | CD133 expression is not restricted to stem cells, and both CD133^sup +^ and CD133^sup -^ metastatic colon cancer cells initiate tumors显示文摘 | Shmelkov Sergey V Butler Jason M Hooper Andrea T Hormigo Adilia Kushner Jared Milde Till Clair Ryan St Baljevic Muhamed White Ian Jin David K Chadburn Amy Murphy Andrew J Valenzuela David M Gale Nicholas W Thurston Gavin Yancopoulos George | 2008 | Journal of Clinical Investigation2008，，： | 2 |
| 18 | Perioperative risk factors associated with delayed graft function following deceased donor kidney transplantation:A retrospective,single center study显示文摘BACKGROUND There is an abundant need to increase the availability of deceased donor kidney transplantation(DDKT)to address the high incidence of kidney failure.Challenges exist in the utilization of higher risk donor organs into what appears to be increasingly complex recipients;thus the identification of modifiable risk factors associated with poor outcomes is paramount.AIM To identify risk factors associated with delayed graft function(DGF).METHODS Consecutive adults undergoing DDKT between January 2016 and July 2017 were identified with a study population of 294 patients.The primary outcome was the occurrence of DGF.RESULTS The incidence of DGF was 27%.Under logistic regression,eight independent risk factors for DGF were identified including recipient body mass index≥30 kg/m^(2),baseline mean arterial pressure<110 mmHg,intraoperative phenylephrine administration,cold storage time≥16 h,donation after cardiac death,donor history of coronary artery disease,donor terminal creatinine≥1.9 mg/dL,and a hypothermic machine perfusion(HMP)pump resistance≥0.23 mmHg/mL/min.CONCLUSION We delineate the association between DGF and recipient characteristics of preinduction mean arterial pressure below 110 mmHg,metabolic syndrome,donorspecific risk factors,HMP pump parameters,and intraoperative use of phenylephrine. | Nicholas V Mendez Yehuda Raveh Joshua J Livingstone Gaetano Ciancio Giselle Guerra George W Burke III Vadim B Shatz Fouad G Souki Linda J Chen Mahmoud Morsi Jose M Figueiro Tony M Ibrahim Werviston L DeFaria Ramona Nicolau-Raducu | 2021 | World Journal of Transplantation2021，11，4： | 2 |
| 19 | 胸腹主动脉瘤:杂交修复术结果显示文摘目的:胸腹主动脉瘤(TAAA)的治疗依然是外科中最富挑战性的工作,特别是存在退行性变动脉瘤的老年患者同时患肺疾病更是如此。这篇更新后的单中心报道是关于我们对高危TAAA患者采用完全内脏动脉去分支化结合动脉瘤腔内隔绝的杂交修复术经验。方法:从2005年3月—2012年6月间58名患者在单中心接受解剖外内脏血管去分支化及随后的动脉瘤腔内隔绝术。内脏旁路的中位数为4支,最初的33例采用同期手术方式,而最近的25例采用分期手术。结果:患者中位年龄为69.0岁,50%为女性,所有患者存在严重合并症而不适合传统开放修复术。平均主动脉直径(6.7±1.2)cm,30 d/住院病死率、脑卒中率、永久性轻瘫/截瘫率分别为9%、0%以及4%。最近25例分期手术患者的这三种并发症率分别为4%、0%以及0%。平均随访时间(26±21)个月,内脏人工血管通畅率95.3%,所有闭塞的内脏人工血管均为肾动脉,无1例引起永久性截瘫,2例患者需再干预,1例出现Ib型内漏,1例出现III型内漏,5年免于再干预率为94%,Kaplan-Meier总体生存率为1年78%、5年62%,5年主动脉相关生存率为87%。结论:这些更新后的结果 ,继续支撑着这一观点:运用完全内脏动脉去分支联合动脉瘤腔内隔绝的杂交技术治疗高龄且不适合传统开放手术的高危TAAA患者是一种理想的选择,而采取分期手术的方式能取得更佳的结果。 | Gchad Hughes Nicholas D Andersen Jennifer M Hanna Richard L McCann 老启芳 | 2015 | 中国普通外科杂志2015，24，6： | 2 |
| 20 | Predictors of health care seeking for irritable bowel syndrome and nonulcer dyspepsia: A critical review of the literature on symptom and psychosocial factors显示文摘 | Natasha A Koloski Nicholas J Talley Philip M Boyce | 2001 | The American Journal of Gastroenterology2001，，5： | 2 |
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