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| 1 | 规范抗茵药药敏试验合理向临床报告检测结果显示文摘本文介绍美国临床和实验室标准协会(CLSI)抗菌药药敏试验的规范操作及向临床报告注意事项。共分9部分:(1)常规工作中药敏试验应注意要点;(2)葡萄球菌;(3)肠球菌;(4)肺炎链球菌;(5)肺炎链球菌以外的其他链球菌;(6)不常见的临床分离株及苛养菌;(7)肠杆菌科菌;(8)非肠杆菌科菌菌群;(9)流感嗜血杆菌。笔者还介绍了CLSIM100-S19,2009的文件中的部分新的内容。 | 陈民钧 Janet Hindler Susan Munro | 2009 | 中华检验医学杂志2009，32，3： | 13 |
| 2 | Developing More Effective Enhanced Biochar Fertilisers for Improvement of Pepper Yield and Quality显示文摘Utilization of biochar at high application rates can increase soil C and crop yields, decrease greenhouse gas emissions and reduce nutrient run-off from soils. However, the high application rate of 10 t ha-1may not return a profit to the farmer due to the high cost of biochar. In this study biochar was modified through pre-treating the biomass and post-treating with phosphoric acid, minerals and different chemical fertilisers to study the effects of two new enhanced biochar fertilisers on the yield and quality of green pepper in a field experiment with 5 fertilisation treatments and 3 replications. The two new biochar fertilisers significantly(P < 0.05) increased the yield of green pepper(11.33–11.47 t ha-1), compared with the conventional chemical fertiliser(9.72 t ha-1). The biochar fertiliser treatments improved the vitamin C content of green pepper from 236.99 to 278.28 mg kg-1, and also significantly(P < 0.05) reduced the nitrate content from 132.32 to 101.92 mg kg-1, compared with chemical fertiliser. This study indicated that, compared to the use of conventional chemical fertiliser, all of the biochar fertiliser treatments could significantly improve the yield and quality of green pepper. | YAO Chunxue Stephen JOSEPH LI Lianqing PAN Genxing Yun LIN Paul MUNROE Ben PACE Sarasadat TAHERYMOOSAVI Lukas VAN ZWIETEN Torsten THOMAS Shaun NIELSEN Jun YE Scott DONNE | 2015 | Pedosphere2015，25，5： | 8 |
| 3 | Effects of Enriched Biochars Containing Magnetic Iron Nanoparticles on Mycorrhizal Colonisation,Plant Growth,Nutrient Uptake and Soil Quality Improvement显示文摘At present, there is little commercial sale of biochar, since farmers find they can not gain a return on their investment in this amendment in the first few years after its application, because of the high cost associated with large application rates. To overcome this constraint, development of artificially aged enriched biochar-mineral complexes(BMCs), having a higher mineral content, surface functionality, exchangeable cations, high concentration of magnetic iron(Fe) nanoparticles, and higher water-extractable organic compounds has been undertaken by a combined team of researchers and a commercial company. Two biochars produced under different pyrolysis conditions were activated with a phosphoric acid treatment. A mixture of clay, chicken litter, and minerals were added to the biochar, and then this composite was torrefied at either 180 or 220?C. In this study a pot experiment was carried out in glasshouse conditions to determine the effects of four different BMCs, with different formulations applied at rates of 100 and 200 kg ha-1, on the mycorrhizal colonisation, wheat growth and nutrient uptake, and soil quality improvement. It was found that the phosphorus(P) and nitrogen uptake in wheat shoots were significantly greater for a low application rate of BMCs(100 kg ha-1). The present formulation of BMC was effective in enhancing growth of wheat at low application rate(100 kg ha-1). The increase in growth appeared due to an increase in P uptake in the plants that could be partly attributed to an increase in mycorrhizal colonisation and partly due to the properties of the BMC. | Stephen JOSEPH Hossain M.ANAWAR Paul STORER Paul BLACKWELL Chee CHIA Yun LIN Paul MUNROE Scott DONNE Josip HORVAT Jianli WANG Zakaria M.SOLAIMAN | 2015 | Pedosphere2015，25，5： | 7 |
| 4 | Designing multilayer diamond like carbon coatings for improved mechanical properties显示文摘New multilayer coatings were produced by incorporating alternating soft and hard DLC layers enabled by varying the bias voltage during deposition process while maintaining a constant hard-to-soft layer thickness ratio.These coatings were deposited onto a Cr/Cr Cxgraded layer by closed field unbalanced magnetron sputtering(CFUBMS).The cross-sectional analysis of the coatings showed that the multilayer coatings possess sharp interfaces between the soft and hard layers with the hard to soft layer thickness ratio(1:1.33)constant in all the coatings.Raman analysis uncovered the increasing sp^(3)character of the DLC coatings as a result of decreasing ID/IGratio and increasing full width at half maximum(FWHM)values of the G band peak induced supposedly by an increase in bias voltage during hard layer deposition.Nanoindentation tests showed an increase in hardness of the DLC coatings which can be correlated with the increase in the sp^(3)content of the coatings as well as decreasing sp^(2)-C cluster size,as calculated from the ID/IGratio.Furthermore,the coatings exhibited excellent plastic deformation resistance and adhesion strength upon microindentation and scratch testing,respectively.Although further investigations are required to assess coating durability,the multilayer design could offer the DLC coatings with a rare opportunity to combine the high hardness with damage resistance with a constant bilayer thickness and without the need to introduce complex multilayer system. | Mohammad Sharear Kabir Zhifeng Zhou Zonghan Xie Paul Munroe | 2021 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2021，，6： | 6 |
| 5 | 联合多向锻造与挤压变形TiC纳米颗粒增强Mg−Zn−Ca基复合材料的组织与力学性能显示文摘采用多向锻造(MDF)和挤压(EX)相结合工艺对TiC纳米颗粒增强Mg−4Zn−0.5Ca基纳米复合材料进行变形。与仅单一MDF相比,经MDF+EX变形后纳米复合材料的晶粒尺寸显著减小。当MDF温度为270℃时,随MDF道次的增加,经EX变形后再结晶(DRX)晶粒的平均尺寸逐渐增大;而当MDF温度为310℃时,经EX变形后DRX晶粒的平均尺寸显著减小。经MDF+EX多步变形后纳米复合材料中同时出现细小和粗大的MgZn2相,这些MgZn2相的体积分数随EX前MDF道次的增加而逐渐增大。对温度为310℃经3道次MDF后的纳米复合材料进行EX,其屈服强度、极限抗拉强度和伸长率分别达到~404 MPa,~450.3 MPa和~5.2%。这主要与MDF+EX多步变形后晶粒细化强化及MgZn2析出相引起的Orowan强化有关。 | 聂凯波 朱智浩 Paul MUNROE 邓坤坤 郭亚超 | 2020 | Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China2020，30，9： | 5 |
| 6 | 澳大利亚纽卡斯尔大学药物动力学课程翻转课堂教学模式与启示显示文摘翻转课堂(flipped classroom)作为一种以学生为中心的全新的教学模式,受到国内外教育界的广泛关注.本文介绍了澳大利亚纽卡斯尔大学生物医学工程和药学院药物动力学课程翻转课堂教学概况,分析了我国实施翻转课堂教学面临的挑战,旨在推动我国高等医学院校教学改革,提高医学教育质量. | 李春艳 Jennifer Schneider Irene Munro Shuchuen Li | 2015 | 中华医学教育杂志2015，35，2： | 5 |
| 7 | A study of solid ramjet fuel containing boron–magnesium mixtures显示文摘Solid fuel ramjets (SFRJ) are known for their operational simplicity and high specific impulse. The performance of the SFRJ propulsion system is directly tied to the energy density and combustion behavior of the fuel. A typical solid fuel used in a ramjet application is a collection of metal particles suspended in a polymeric binder. Boron is the ubiquitous candidate when considering metal additives for fuels due to an impressive 122.5 kJ/cm3 energy density. However, boron requires long residence times in combustors due to its high melting and boiling points. Magnesium appears to be a natural complement to boron;while possessing a lower energy density (42.1 kJ/cm3), it burns with a high flame temperature and readily reacts in combustion with a low melting point. In this study, several HTPB–boron–magnesium fuels are studied on a small scale to evaluate performance for ramjet application. Holography experiments are conducted, as well as laser ignition tests, to study particle behavior just above the fuel surface. Small, center-perforated fuel grains are examined in a direct-connect SFRJ test stand configuration to measure ignition temperatures and performance parameters. Combustion efficiency of the HTPB–boron–magnesium fuel is found to significantly increase for one of the fuels studied. | Eric T.Sandall Joseph Kalman John N.Quigley Scott Munro Trevor D.Hedman | 2017 | Propulsion and Power Research2017，6，4： | 4 |
| 8 | Influences of Biochar and Biochar-Mineral Complex on Mycorrhizal Colonisation and Nutrition of Wheat and Sorghum显示文摘The high price of synthetic fertilisers and the price barrier for biochar as a soil amendment have encouraged the exploration of using biochar in fertiliser replacement formulations. Biochars coupled with fertilisers can be applied at lower application rates to achieve benefits in plant growth and nutrition, as well as soil biological fertility. It is necessary to evaluate the use of biochar as a fertiliser substitute. Therefore, this study investigated the comparative influences of biochars, including Acacia saligna(AS), Simcoa jarrah(SJ) and Wundowie jarrah(WJ), mineral fertiliser with microbes(MF + M), biochar-mineral complex(BMC) and their combination on mycorrhizal colonisation, growth and nutrition of wheat in a glasshouse experiment and sorghum in field conditions. BMC + MF +M treatment produced higher mycorrhizal colonisation than MF + M alone, indicating that BMC had a significant role in increasing mycorrhizal colonisation. SJ(treated with acetic acid) and MF + M treatments, as well as AS + MF + M application, showed similar effects on mycorrhizal colonisation, but lower colonisation than the BMC + MF + M treatment. Overall, the BMC + MF + M treatment supported the maximum shoot, root and total plant dry weight followed by AS + MF + M and WJ + MF + M. The MF+ M treatment had the maximum shoot N and K concentrations, while BMC + MF + M application had the maximum shoot P concentration. AS + MF + M and WJ + MF + M treatments supported the maximum N uptake by wheat shoots, while BMC + MF+ M supported the maximum P uptake. The results showed that biochars and BMCs could increase mycorrhizal colonisation, plant growth and nutrient uptake of wheat, particularly N, P, K, S and Zn. The field experiment confirmed that BMC application at a rate of 300 kg ha-1could increase the yield of irrigated sorghum on a loam soil and provide better applied P use efficiency compared to a water-soluble fertiliser alone. These results indicated that biochar-based fertilisers might increase the resilience and sustainability of dryland cropping in environments such as in Western Australia and warrant further field evaluation. | Paul BLACKWELL Stephen JOSEPH Paul MUNROE Hossain M.ANAWAR Paul STORER Robert J.GILKES Zakaria M.SOLAIMAN | 2015 | Pedosphere2015，25，5： | 4 |
| 9 | A tandem colonoscopy study of adenoma miss rates during endoscopic training: a venture into uncharted territory显示文摘 | Craig A. Munroe Philip Lee Andrew Copland Kuan K. Wu Tonya Kaltenbach Roy M. Soetikno Shai Friedland | 2012 | Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2012，，3： | 3 |
| 10 | p53-mediated transcriptional regulation and activation of the actin cytoskeleton regulatory RhoC to LIMK2 signaling pathway promotes cell survival显示文摘响应 DNA 损坏的房间命运的中央仲裁人是 p53,它调整涉及房间周期拘捕,幸存和 apoptosis 的基因的表示。尽管 DNA 损坏开始的许多回答被描绘了,肌动朊细胞骨架管理者的角色大部分是未知的。我们现在显示出那 RhoC 和秘鲁利玛机场之代号 kinase (LIMK2 ) 2 是 genotoxic 代理人导致的直接 p53 目标基因。尽管 RhoC 和 LIMK2 在肌动朊细胞骨架规定有生长得很好的角色,我们的结果显示 LIMK2 的激活也有支持幸存的功能追随者 DNA 损坏。由调停 siRNA 的击倒或选择的药理学封锁的 LIMK 抑制敏化房间到无线电 -- 或化疗,以便当与 LIMK 抑制结合了时,当单身地管理了时,是尚不致命的治疗导致了房间死亡。我们的调查结果建议把 LIMK 禁止者与 genotoxic 治疗相结合能比单个代理人的管理更有效,并且加亮在肌动朊细胞骨架管理者和 DNA 之间的一个新奇连接导致损坏的房间幸存机制。 | Daniel R Croft Diane Crighton Michael S Samuel Filipe C Lourenco June Munro Jenifer Wood Karim Bensaad Karen H Vousden Owen J Sansom Kevin M Ryan Michael F Olson | 2011 | Cell Research2011，21，4： | 3 |
| 11 | Microstructure, Tensile Properties and Work Hardening Behavior of an Extruded Mg–Zn–Ca–Mn Magnesium Alloy显示文摘A new Mg-2.2 wt% Zn alloy containing 1.8 wt% Ca and 0.5 wt% Mn has been developed and subjected to extrusion under different extrusion parameters.The finest(~0.48 μm) recrystallized grain structures,containing both nano-sized MgZn2 precipitates and α-Mn nanoparticles,were obtained in the alloy extruded at 270℃/0.01 mm s-1.In this alloy,the deformed coarse-grain region possessed a much stronger texture intensity(~32.49 mud) relative to the recrystallized fine-grain region(~13.99 mud).A positive work hardening rate in the third stage of work hardening curve was also evident in the alloy extruded at 270℃,which was related to the sharp basal texture and which provided insufficient active slip systems.The high work hardening rate in the fourth stage contributed to the high ductility extruded at 270℃/1 mm s-1.This alloy exhibited a weak texture,and the examination of fracture surface revealed highly dimpled surfaces.The optimum tensile strength was achieved in the alloy extruded at 270℃/0.01 mm s-1,and the yield strength,ultimate tensile strength and elongation to failure were^364.1 MPa,~394.5 MPa and^7.2%,respectively.Fine grain strengthening from the recrystallized fine-grain region played the greatest role in the strength increment of this alloy compared with Orowan strengthening and dislocation strengthening in the deformed coarse-grain regions. | Kai-Bo Nie Zhi-Hao Zhu Paul Munroe Kun-Kun Deng Jun-Gang Han | 2020 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2020，33，7： | 3 |
| 12 | Reconstructing rice phenology curves with frequency-based analysis and multi-temporal NDVI in double-cropping area in Jiangsu, China显示文摘在中国的双 cropping 区域的庄稼物候学检索在全球变化的影响下面具有在庄稼收益评价和水管理的大意义。在这研究,在江苏省的米饭物候学,中国用基于频率的分析从多时间的 MODIS NDVI 被提取。米饭的纯 MODIS 象素在 TM 图象的帮助下被选择。分离 Fourier 转变(DFT ) ,分离小浪转变(DWT ) ,和实验模式分解(EMD ) 被执行把时间系列分解成不同频率的部件。在双 cropping 区域的瑞斯物候学主要位于 EMD 的最后 2 IMF 和 DFT 和 DWT 的开始的 23 频率。与 DFT 和 DWT 相比, EMD 被限制到更少频率。与基于频率的分析相结合的多时间的 MODIS NDVI 数据能检索米饭物候学日期与平均 79% 有效估计。从不同方法的有效评价的排序的结果是 DWT (85%)> EMD (80%)> DFT (74%) 。种日期(88%) 比收获日期(70%) 更容易估计。种日期的瑞斯被以前的收割模式容易在一个双 cropping 区域在一样的年以内影响。这研究在多时间的 MODIS 数据的频率领域使理解庄稼物候学动力学清楚些。 | Hongshuo WANG Hui LIN Darla K. MUNROE Xiaodong ZHANG Pengfei LIU | 2016 | Frontiers of Earth Science2016，10，2： | 3 |
| 13 | A Study of the Velocity Field during Evaporation of Sessile Water and Water/Ethanol Drops显示文摘Many studies have investigated evaporation of sessile drops in an attempt to understand the effect of wetting on theevaporation process.Recently interest has also increased in the deposition of particles from such drops,with evaporative massflux being deemed to be responsible for ring-like deposits,and counteraction of the mass flux by Marangoni convection explainingmore uniform deposition patterns.Understanding of such deposition processes is important in biological applications,such as the Litos test-system endorsed by the Russian Ministry of Health for diagnosis of urolithiasis and the evaporation ofcolloidal drops for depositing and organizing proteins and DNA.In most cases where deposition from evaporating drops hasbeen studied,velocity information is inferred from the final deposition pattern or from mathematical modeling based on simplifiedmodels of the physics of the evaporation process.In this study we have directly measured the flow velocities in the baseof sessile drops,using micro particle image velocimetry,viewing the drop from below,through the cover slide.For water drops,a radial pattern of flow was observed with a maximum velocity close to but not at the pinned outer edge.For ‘azeotropic’ethanol/water mixtures,the velocity field is more chaotic to begin with,passing through a phase involving three or four recirculationcells and finally having the same radial pattern as for water drops. | John R.E.Christy Khellil Sefiane Euan Munro | 2010 | Journal of Bionic Engineering2010，7，4： | 2 |
| 14 | Feeding Biochar to Cows:An Innovative Solution for Improving Soil Fertility and Farm Productivity显示文摘Addition of biochar produced through thermal decomposition of biomass has been seen as a strategy to improve soils and to sequester carbon(C), but wide scale implementation of the technology requires to devise innovative profitable solutions. To develop biochar utilisation with an integrated system approach, an innovative program was implemented in 2012 on a 53-ha farm in Western Australia to determine the costs and benefits of integrating biochar with animal husbandry and improvement of pastures. Biochar was mixed with molasses and fed directly to cows. The dung-biochar mixture was incorporated into the soil profile by dung beetles.We studied the changes in soil properties over 3 years. Biochar extracted from fresh dung and from the soil to a depth of 40 cm was characterised. A preliminary financial analysis of the costs and benefits of this integrated approach was also undertaken. The preliminary investigation results suggested that this strategy was effective in improving soil properties and increasing returns to the farmer. It was also concluded that the biochar adsorbed nutrients from the cow's gut and from the dung. Dung beetles could transport this nutrient-rich biochar into the soil profile. There was little evidence that the recalcitrant component of the biochar was reduced through reactions inside the gut or on/in the soil. Further research is required to quantify the long-term impact of integrating biochar and dung beetles into the rearing of cows. | Stephen JOSEPH Doug POW Kathy DAWSON David R.G.MITCHELL Aditya RAWAL James HOOK Sarasadat TAHERYMOOSAVI Lukas VAN ZWIETEN Joshua RUST Scott DONNE Paul MUNROE Ben PACE Ellen GRABER Torsten THOMAS Shaun NIELSEN Jun YE Yun LIN PAN Genxing LI Lianqing Zakaria M.SOLAIMAN | 2015 | Pedosphere2015，25，5： | 2 |
| 15 | Numerical analysis of electron beam lithography systems显示文摘 | Munro E Chu H C | 1982 | Optik1982，61，4： | 2 |
| 16 | polyketide and benzopyran compounds of an endophytic fungus isolated from Cinnamomum mollissimum:biological activity and structure显示文摘Objective:To study bioactivity and compounds produced by an endophytic Phoma sp.fungus isolated from the medicinal plant Cinnamomum mollissimum.Methods:Compounds produced by the fungus were extracted from fungal broth culture with ethyl acetate.This was followed by hioaclivity profiling of the crude extract fractions obtained via high performance liquid chromatography.The fractions were tested for cytotoxicity to P388 murine leukemic cells and antimicrobial activity against bacteria and pathogenic fungi.Compounds purified from active fractions which showed antibacterial,antifungal and cytotoxic activities were identified using capillary nuclear magnetic resonance analysis,mass spectrometry and admission to AntiMarin database.Results:Three known compounds,namely 4—hydroxymellein,4,8—dihydroxy—6—melhoxy—3—methyl—3,4-dihydro—1H-isochromen-1—one and 1—(2,6-dihydroxyphenyl) ethanone,were isolated from the fungus.The polyketide compound 4—hydroxymellein showed high inhibitory activity against P388 murine leukemic cells(94.6%) and the bacteria Bacillus sublilis(97.3%).Meanwhile.4,8—dihydroxy-6—melhoxy—3—meth) 1—3,4-dihydro—1H—isochromen—1-one,a benzopyran compound,demonstrated moderate inhibitory activity against P388 murine leukemic cells(48.8%)and the fungus Aspergillus niger(56.1%).The second polyketide compound.1(2,6—dihydroxyphenyl)ethanone was inactive against the tested targets.Conclusions:These findings demonstrate the potential of endophytes as producers ol pharmacologically important compounds,including polyketides which are major secondary metabolites in fungi. | Carolina Santiago Lin Sun Murray Herbert Gibson Munro Jacinta Santhanam | 2014 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2014，4，8： | 2 |
| 17 | A three-year experiment confirms continuous immobilization of cadmium and lead in contaminated paddy field with biochar amendment显示文摘 | Rongjun Bian Stephen Joseph Liqiang Cui Genxing Pan Lianqing Li Xiaoyu Liu Afeng Zhang Helen Rutlidge Singwei Wong Chee Chia Chris Marjo Bin Gong Paul Munroe Scott Donne | 2014 | Journal of Hazardous Materials2014，，： | 2 |
| 18 | Low incidence of hepatitis C virus among prisoners in S cotland显示文摘 | Avril Taylor Alison Munro Elizabeth Allen Karen Dunleavy Sheila Cameron Laura Miller Matthew Hickman | 2013 | Addiction2013，，7： | 2 |
| 19 | The effect of protein fouling in microfiltration and ultrafiltration on permeate flux, protein retention and selectivity: a literature review显示文摘 | Marshall A D Munro P A Tragardh G | 1993 | Desalination1993，91，： | 2 |
| 20 | A new method of measuring involute profile deviations of gear teeth显示文摘 | Munro R G | 1996 | Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science1996，210，： | 2 |
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