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| 1 | 从废弃物处理到生物质制造业:基于热裂解的生物质科技与工程显示文摘新近发展的生物质热裂解炭化工程技术在安全处置废弃物的同时,可实现生物质分离、分质和分值化资源综合利用,在低碳、环保、循环处理生物质废弃物上具有突出的比较优势,成为新型绿色工程技术。通过发展和完善适于不同类型废弃物的热裂解炭化工程技术系统,一个以生物质基的新能源、新肥料和新材料为关键产品的新兴生物质产业呼之欲出。基于天然有机质的结构-功能关系、颗粒有机质的团聚体强化作用和生物质炭材料的生态系统工程师效应等3大原理,生物质产业提供了改良土壤、化肥替代和环境治理的新型农业资源,而服务于未来绿色农业发展。中国废弃物生物质产业可达到3亿t生物质炭材料规模,其发展需要新的生物质科技与工程学科的支撑,需要工程技术的研发创新和相关标准制定的推进。 | 潘根兴 卞荣军 程琨 | 2017 | 科技导报2017，35，23： | 33 |
| 2 | 生物质炭基肥缓释性能及对土壤改良的研究进展显示文摘生物质炭基肥是以生物质炭为基质,与有机、无机肥料配制而成的新型生态环保缓释肥料,也作为土壤改良剂应用于农业生产中,近年来受到农业与环保领域的广泛关注和研究应用。本文讨论了生物质炭基肥缓释性能机制及影响因素,生物质炭基肥的缓释性能在很大程度上取决于磷、氮、钾元素与生物质炭的结合方式。主要结合方式包括静电吸附、络合、矿化等。生物质炭基肥的缓释性能受到生物质炭原料种类、炭基肥制备方法和炭肥配合比的影响。生物质炭基肥通过改善土壤理化性质、调节土壤微生物活性,提高植物对养分的利用效率以及减少土壤中养分流失。综合已有研究与应用结果,需要进一步开展生物质炭基肥在土壤中的长期应用效果、老化过程研究,注重在老化过程中对土壤微生物结构的风险评估;建立生物质炭基肥的标准化应用体系,研究和完善生物质炭基肥对土壤持续的、累加性的改良标准。 | 赵泽州 王晓玲 李鸿博 任树鹏 陈静 王琳玲 | 2021 | 植物营养与肥料学报2021，27，5： | 21 |
| 3 | Humus-Rich Compost Increases Lettuce Growth, Nutrient Uptake, Mycorrhizal Colonisation, and Soil Fertility显示文摘Sandy soils, typical of Australia's west, either have little or no habitat protection for microbes including arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM) fungi, which are essential for nutrient cycling. To minimize this problem, the application of organic matter, such as humus-rich composts, is necessary during vegetable crop production. This study aimed at determining the effects of humus-rich composts on either indigenous or inoculated AM fungal colonisation in roots, lettuce(Lactuca sativa L. var. Quechua) growth, and soil fertility improvement. Four different humus-rich composts with varying humus contents were applied at the same standard rate to lettuce grown under glasshouse conditions for 10 weeks after sowing and compared with two low-humus composts and non-amended soil(control). Humus-rich composts significantly increased lettuce shoot growth, root growth, and AM fungal colonisation in roots. Humus contents in the composts were also correlated with lettuce shoot and root growth. Soil dissolved organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon, and fertility were increased with the application of humus-rich composts. These humus-rich composts, especially the compost of higher humic acid with and without AM inoculation, might have a significant role in sustainable vegetable production, for example lettuce growth. Overall, the results indicate that supplementation with humus-rich compost is highly beneficial to enhance soil fertility and potentially maintain the sustainability of vegetable production. | Zakaria M.SOLAIMAN Hongjun YANG Deb ARCHDEACON Orna TIPPETT Michaela TIBI Andrew S.WHITELEY | 2019 | Pedosphere2019，29，2： | 3 |
| 4 | Phytosequestration of Carbon in Miscanthus × giganteus and Pinus sylvestris L. in Degraded Zinc Smelter and Post-Mining Soils显示文摘Dear Editor,Pinus sylvestris L.is one of the most popular and predominant tree species in Central Europe and Scandinavia.Its cultivation depends on atmospheric conditions,soil fertility,use of fertilizers,and individual characteristics of the trees.Pinus sylvestris L.wood,roots,and needles are used for energy production.Pi- | Agnieszka PLACEK Bal Ram SINGH Anna GROBELAK Dariusz WLOKA Asgeir R. ALMAS Malgorzata KACPRZAK | 2018 | Pedosphere2018，28，3： | 0 |
| 5 | 改性生物炭特征及其对盐碱化土壤改良的研究进展显示文摘土壤盐碱化严重制约农业的可持续发展,但施用改性生物炭对盐碱地改良效果显著。为探究改性生物炭改良盐碱土壤的作用机制,本文归纳总结了不同改性方式对原生物炭理化性质的影响,以及改性生物炭对盐碱地的改良效果和影响因素。结果表明,改性生物炭具有比表面积大、含氧官能团类型和数量多、碱性物质比例下降等特点;可以促进盐碱化土壤团粒结构的形成,增加对盐分离子的吸附和养分保持,改变土壤微生物的功能结构,增强作物应对外界胁迫的能力。然而改性生物炭长期效应及在不同类型盐碱地上应用差异的研究较少。未来应进行不同类型盐碱地应用的大田试验,深入研究改性生物炭对不同盐分离子的吸附能力及长效作用,优化在不同盐碱类型下的改良途径。 | 夏晓阳 王响玲 夏浩 李宇轩 王吉元 姜存仓 | 2023 | 华中农业大学学报2023，42，5： | 0 |
| 6 | Effects of green iron nanoparticles on iron changes and phytoavailability in a calcareous soil显示文摘Green iron nanoparticles(Fe NPs)can be a practical solution to combat iron(Fe)deficiency in calcareous agricultural soils.The main aim of the present work was to assess the effects of green Fe NPs on Fe availability in calcareous soils.For this purpose,green Fe NPs were synthesized using green tea(G-Fe NPs),Shirazi thyme(T-Fe NPs),walnut green hull(W-Fe NPs),and pistachio green hull(P-Fe NPs)extracts and applied as a source of Fe fertilizer to sorghum(Sorghum bicolor L.Moench)plants.Results of X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and dynamic light scattering(DLS)indicated that the green Fe NPs were amorphous in nature and the polyphenols obtained from plant-part extracts acted as both capping and reducing agents.Similar to the behavior of Fe-ethylenediamine-N,N-bis(2-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acid(Fe-EDDHA)in calcareous soils,G-Fe NPs,T-Fe NPs,W-Fe NPs,and P-Fe NPs increased Fe release compared with the control and FeSO_(4) treatment.Cumulative Fe release data fitted well to the power function,intra-particle diffusion,and Elovich kinetic models.According to the pot experiment,the increment in soil Fe availability upon Fe-EDDHA and Fe NPs application led to an increase in Fe uptake,growth,and photosynthetic pigment contents of the sorghum plants.Although further research is needed to evaluate the residual effect and environmental impact of green Fe NPs,they may be an appropriate substitute for traditional Fe fertilizers in calcareous soils. | Akbar SOLIEMANZADEH Majid FEKRI | 2021 | Pedosphere2021，31，5： | 0 |
| 7 | Combined Role of ACC Deaminase Producing Bacteria and Biochar on Cereals Productivity under Drought显示文摘Most of the cereal crops are widely cultivated to fulfil the humans food requirements.Under changing climate scenario,the intensity of drought stress is continuously increasing that is adversely affecting the growth and yield of cereal crops.Although the cereals can tolerate moderate drought to some extent,but mostly they are susceptible to severe drought stress.Higher biosynthesis of ethylene under drought stress has been reported.Many scientists observed that inoculation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate(ACC)deaminase producing plant growth promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR)is an efficacious tool to overcome this problem.These PGPR secrete ACC deaminase which cleavage the ACC into the compounds,other than ethylene.Furthermore,secretion of growth hormones also play imperative role in enhancing the growth of the cereals under limited availability of water.In addition,the use of biochar has also been recognized as another effective amendment to grant resistance against drought.Biochar application improves the soil physiochemical attributes i.e.,porosity,nutrients retention and water holding capacity which decrease the loss of water and increase its bioavailability.In recent era,the idea of coapplication of ACC deaminase producing PGPR and biochar is becoming popular which might be more efficient to use water under drought stress.The aim of current review is to combine the facts and understanding of this novel idea to grant maximum resistance to crops against drought stress.Some scientists have observed significant improvement in yield of cereal crops by combined use of ACC deaminase producing PGPR and biochar.However,more research is suggested for deep understanding of complex synergistic mechanism of ACC deaminase activity in combination with biochar. | Subhan Danish Muhammad Zafar-ul-Hye | 2020 | Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany2020，89，2： | 0 |
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