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| 1 | 出院计划的国际实施进展及认识显示文摘随着社会经济的发展和医疗服务模式的转变,为患者提供连续协调的健康服务、实现各医疗服务机构之间的无缝衔接,即连续医疗服务,成为一种必然趋势。出院计划以患者为中心,以患者需求为导向,在患者及家属积极参与及配合下,通过多学科、多机构之间的协调合作,从而保障连续医疗服务的顺利实施。本文分析了美国、加拿大、巴西、英国、爱尔兰、澳大利亚、日本、印度、南非以及中国香港、台湾和大陆等国家和地区出院计划产生的背景及发展现状,当出现医疗负担过重、老龄化加剧、医疗服务供需不均衡等问题时,出院计划应运而生,旨在合理使用医疗资源、节约医疗服务成本、保证连续性医疗服务的质量,避免出院后不良事件的发生,并提高患者功能与生活质量。通过参考各国出院计划指南,本文就出院计划实施小组、时间与机构、流程等方面进行综述,为我国出院计划服务的发展提供参考。 | 唐丽 李建军 高峰 杨明亮 杜良杰 Sheila Purves 黄卫平 | 2015 | 中国康复理论与实践2015，21，6： | 34 |
| 2 | Chronic hepatitis B infection in pregnancy显示文摘There are no standard guidelines to follow when a patient with chronic hepatitis B infection becomes pregnant or desires pregnancy. Topics to consider include which patients to treat, when to start treatment, what treatment to use and when to stop treatment. Without any prophylaxis or antiviral therapy, a hepatitis B surface antigen and E antigen positive mother has up to a 90% likelihood of vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus(HBV) to child. Standard of care in the United States to prevent perinatal transmission consists of administration of hepatitis B immune globulin and HBV vaccination to the infant. The two strongest risk factors of mother to child transmission(MTCT) of HBV infection despite immunoprophylaxis are high maternal HBV viral load and high activity of viral replication. The goal is to prevent transmission of HBV at birth by decreasing viral load and/or decreasing activity of the virus. Although it is still somewhat controversial, most evidence shows that starting antivirals in the third trimester is effective in decreasing MTCT without affecting fetal development. There is a growing body of literature supporting the safety and efficacy of antiviral therapies to reduce MTCT of hepatitis B. There are no formal recommendations regarding which agent to choose. Tenofovir, lamivudine and telbivudine have all been proven efficacious in decreasing viral load at birth without known birth defects, but final decision of which antiviral medication to use will have to be determined by physician and patient. The antivirals may be discontinued immediately if patient is breastfeeding, or within first four weeks if infant is being formula fed. | Jennifer R Lamberth Sheila C Reddy Jen-Jung Pan Kevin J Dasher | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，9： | 32 |
| 3 | 非意愿妊娠高危人群紧急避孕知识与态度及相关因素研究显示文摘目的 :研究非意愿妊娠高危人群紧急避孕知识水平、态度及其相关因素 ,同时分析紧急避孕行为的影响因素。方法 :以美国KaiserFamilyFoundation紧急避孕调查表为基础设计问卷 ,对 4 6 8例非意愿妊娠高危者进行横断面调查。结果 :紧急避孕知晓率为 88.5 % ;如果知道在无避孕措施的性行为或避孕套破裂 72h内可以应用紧急避孕药来防止妊娠 ,95 .7%的调查对象表示愿意使用紧急避孕药 ;紧急避孕知识平均得分 12 .72± 4 .6 5 ,紧急避孕态度平均得分为 2 5 .88± 4 .2 2 ,二者呈正相关关系 (r =0 .345 ) ;流产次数、职业、文化程度及紧急避孕知识等是采用紧急避孕措施的主要影响因素。结论 :为提高育龄妇女紧急避孕措施的使用率 ,必须加强紧急避孕知识的宣传 ,尤其是对紧急避孕法的安全性、有效性以及正确的使用时间的宣传。 | 施华芳 顾炜 岳亚飞 Sheila Twinn | 2004 | 中华护理杂志2004，39，6： | 20 |
| 4 | Evolving concepts in bone infection: redefining “biofilm”,“acute vs. chronic osteomyelitis”, “the immune proteome” and “local antibiotic therapy”显示文摘Osteomyelitis is a devastating disease caused by microbial infection of bone. While the frequency of infection following elective orthopedic surgery is low, rates of reinfection are disturbingly high. Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for the majority of chronic osteomyelitis cases and is often considered to be incurable due to bacterial persistence deep within bone. Unfortunately, there is no consensus on clinical classifications of osteomyelitis and the ensuing treatment algorithm. Given the high patient morbidity,mortality, and economic burden caused by osteomyelitis, it is important to elucidate mechanisms of bone infection to inform novel strategies for prevention and curative treatment. Recent discoveries in this field have identified three distinct reservoirs of bacterial biofilm including: Staphylococcal abscess communities in the local soft tissue and bone marrow, glycocalyx formation on implant hardware and necrotic tissue, and colonization of the osteocyte-lacuno canalicular network(OLCN) of cortical bone. In contrast, S.aureus intracellular persistence in bone cells has not been substantiated in vivo, which challenges this mode of chronic osteomyelitis. There have also been major advances in our understanding of the immune proteome against S. aureus, from clinical studies of serum antibodies and media enriched for newly synthesized antibodies(MENSA), which may provide new opportunities for osteomyelitis diagnosis, prognosis, and vaccine development. Finally, novel therapies such as antimicrobial implant coatings and antibiotic impregnated 3D-printed scaffolds represent promising strategies for preventing and managing this devastating disease. Here, we review these recent advances and highlight translational opportunities towards a cure. | Elysia A. Masters Ryan P. Trombetta Karen L. de Mesy Bentley Brendan F Boyce Ann Lindley Gill Steven R. Gill Kohei Nishitani Masahiro Ishikawa Yugo Morita Hiromu Ito Sheila N. Bello-Irizarry Mark Ninomiya James D. Brodell Jr. Charles C. Lee Stephanie P. Hao Irvin Oh Chao Xie Hani A. Awad John L. Daiss John R. Owen Stephen L. Kates Edward M. Schwarz Gowrishankar Muthukrishnan | 2019 | Bone Research2019，7，3： | 19 |
| 5 | 65岁以上老年人预防跌倒的指南显示文摘老年人常常跌倒,这是一个严重的大众健康问题,对人们的健康及医疗花费有很大的影响。本指南依据试验证据,提出了在不同环境下切实可行的预防跌倒的建议。目的是减少65岁以上老人的跌倒率及跌倒后的损伤。 | Gene Feder Colin Cryer Sheila Donovan YvonneCater代表指南发展小组 周谋望 | 2003 | 英国医学杂志中文版2003，6，4： | 15 |
| 6 | 深圳地区实施慢性病自我管理项目的效果显示文摘目的:观察慢性病自我管理健康教育项目(CDSMP)对改善社区内慢性病患者与健康相关的生活质量和自我效能的效果。方法:将来自3个社区内77例不同慢性病患者随机分为干预组38例和对照组39例。干预组接受连续7周、1次/周、2.5h/次的CDSMP项目培训;对照组接受连续7周、1次/周、1.5h/次的简化太极拳(24式太极拳)培训,分别于培训前后接受简明健康状况量表(SF-36)和自我效能测量表(SEM)的评估。结果:培训3周后,干预组在SF-36中3项及总分、SEM中2项评分均显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:CDSMP可改善社区内慢性病患者与健康相关的生活质量及提升自我管理效能。 | 李嘉祁 王鸣川 林峰 Sheila Purves | 2007 | 中国康复2007，22，4： | 14 |
| 7 | 我国出院计划的现状及思考显示文摘出院计划是成功实施连续医疗服务的基础保证,有助于缩短住院时间、提高医院床位周转率、降低再入院率、节省医疗成本,并改善患者生活质量。目前,美国、英国、加拿大、澳大利亚等发达国家已充分认识到出院计划的重要性,并在实践中取得成效,已纳入相关政策法规推动其发展。在我国,尽管香港、台湾均已正式颁布出院计划相关政策,大陆地区却仍处于出院计划的研究探索阶段,还存在诸多问题,如出院计划实施对象局限,计划内容有待充实,执行流程需进一步优化,专业人员及组织亟待建立,规范化标准化的出院计划指南缺乏等。随着由医院、公共卫生机构、基层医疗卫生机构等组成的覆盖城乡的医疗卫生服务体系的逐渐完善,分级就诊、急慢分治的制度逐渐建立,探讨我国出院计划实施的必要性、重要性、不利因素及措施具有重大意义。 | 李建军 唐丽 高峰 杨明亮 杜良杰 Sheila Purves 黄卫平 | 2015 | 中国康复理论与实践2015，21，6： | 14 |
| 8 | Effect of music on procedure time and sedation during colonoscopy:A meta-analysis显示文摘AIM:To integrate results from different studies in examining the effectiveness of music in reducing the procedure time and the amount of sedation used during colonoscopic procedure. METHODS: An electronic search in various databases was performed to identify related articles. Study quality was evaluated by the Jadad’s scale. The random effect model was used to pool the effect from individual trials and the Cohen Q-statistic was used to determine heterogeneity. Egger’s regression was used to detect publication bias. RESULTS: Eight studies with 722 subjects were included in this meta-analysis. The combined mean difference for the time taken for the colonoscopy procedure between the music and control groups was -2.84 with 95% CI (-5.61 to -0.08), implying a short time for the music group. The combined mean difference for the use of sedation was -0.46 with 95%CI (-0.91 to -0.01), showing a significant reduction in the use of sedation in the music group. Heterogeneity was observed in both analyses but no publication bias was detected. CONCLUSION: Listening to music is effective in reducing procedure time and amount of sedation during colonoscopy and should be promoted. | Wilson WS Tam Eliza LY Wong Sheila F Twinn | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，34： | 12 |
| 9 | GEX3, Expressed in the Male Gametophyte and in the Egg Cell of Arabidopsisthaliana, Is Essential for Micropylar Pollen Tube Guidance and Plays a Role during Early Embryogenesis显示文摘当时,在 flowering 植物的两倍授精发生二个精子房间,由花粉试管带了,在胚胎囊的一个 synergid 房间被释放然后使肥沃卵和中央房间。精子的表面上的蛋白质,鸡蛋,中央,并且 synergid 房间可能为配偶子的指导和识别 / 熔化是重要的。这里,我们 Arabidopsis GEX3 的现在的功能的分析,它编码血浆在另外的植物有相当或相同的事物的膜局部性的蛋白质。GEX3 在两个被表示植物并且男配偶体并且在女配偶体的卵房间的精子房间。用 Arabidopsis GEX2 倡导者, GEX3 是下面调整的转基因的在线或 overexpressed 减少了种子集合。在有一根记者线的授粉以后的相互的十字和成像证明在两个盒子中,引起减少的种子的缺点设定发生在女性。在 antisense 线, micropylar 花粉试管指导失败了。在 overexpression 线,因为花粉试管指导失败了,变异的小卵的授精主要被堵住,偶尔,不能生存的胚胎被形成。我们断定在 Arabidopsis 的卵房间的 GEX3 的那适当地调整的表情为花粉试管指导是必要的。 | Monica Alandete-Saez Mily Ron Sheila McCormick | 2008 | Molecular Plant2008，1，4： | 10 |
| 10 | 神经语言学:对失语症中语言与脑关系的综观(上)显示文摘0.在过去15年里,语言学家对神经语言学这个领域的兴趣与日俱增。宽泛地讲,神经语言学是研究语言与脑的关系。其主要目标是理解和阐释语言和言语的神经基础和使用语言时牵涉的机制和过程的性质。Roman Jakobson大概是意识到这门学科的潜在重要性的头一位语言学家——不仅语言学能对理解脑损伤引起的语言故障的性质作出贡献,而且这种“自然实验”能使我们获得独到的见识,这种见识既能为各种理论语言学的假设提供验证基础又能丰富语言理论(Jakobson 1971)。Jakobson将注意力集中于成人失语症,特别是关于语言的原始要素和结构特征,它们的层次构造和组织(Jakobson 1968,1971)。他最先指出,语言的衰退的确体现出语言系统固有的结构原理。也就是说,语言系统的组织框架损坏的方式是有规律的,只有对语言系统的原始要素和结构原理的性质作出一定的假设才会有这样的规律。 | Sheila E.Blumstein 沈家煊 | 1992 | 当代语言学1992，，3： | 9 |
| 11 | 男性性功能障碍、男性不育与神经系统疾病之间的关系显示文摘正常的性功能和生殖功能很大程度上依赖于神经系统功能的正常发挥。男性神经系统受损可导致勃起功能障碍、射精障碍和精液异常,进而导致不育。出现这些受损的主要原因有盆腔和腹腔损伤、糖尿病、先天性脊柱异常,多发性硬化症和脊髓受损。勃起功能障碍已经可以通过越来越具侵入式的治疗方法而有所改善,从药物疗法、注射疗法到外科的阴茎植入术。病情较轻的逆行射精患者可以用药物来逆转条件进行治疗,对病情较重的患者,则在射精后从其膀胱中收取精液。对于中度的不射精者,可以采用药物治疗:而对于严重者,则可采用阴茎震荡刺激和电射精等辅助射精技术。假如这些措施都失败了,可尝试采用手术方法取精液。对于一些脊髓受损的男性,假如环境条件和精液质量足够好,可在家中采用阴茎震荡刺激,然后将精液放入伴侣阴道内。其他方法就要求助于辅助生殖技术了,包括宫内受精和体外受精(用ICSI或者不用)。选用何种方法在很大程度上依赖于患者精液中活性精子的数量。 | Mikkel Fode Sheila Krogh-Jespersen Nancy L Brackett Dana A Ohl Charles M Lynne Jens Sonksen | 2012 | Asian Journal of Andrology2012，14，1： | 7 |
| 12 | Mycophenolate mofetil for maintenance of remission in steroid-dependent autoimmune pancreatitis显示文摘Systemic corticosteroids represent the standard treatment for autoimmune pancreatitis with IgG4-associated cholangitis.For steroid-dependent disease,azathioprine has been used for maintenance of remission.Mycophenolate mofetil has been used for transplant immunosuppression and more recently for autoimmune hepatitis;however,there are no case reports to date on the use of mycophenolate mofetil in adult patients with autoimmune pancreatitis.A patient with IgG4-mediated autoimmune pancreatitis and IgG4-associated cholangitis refractory to steroids and intolerant of azathioprine was treated with mycophenolate mofetil,which inhibits de novo guanosine synthesis and blockade of both B and T lymphocyte production.Introduction of mycophenolate mofetil and uptitration to 1000 mg by mouth twice daily over a treatment period of 4 mo was associated with improvement in the patient's energy level and blood glucose control and was not associated with any adverse events.The patient was managed without a biliary stent.However,there was a return of symptoms,jaundice,increase in transaminases,and hyperbilirubinemia when the prednisone dose reached 11 mg per day.In the first report of mycophenolate mofetil use in an adult patient with IgG4-associated autoimmune pancreatitis and IgG4-associated cholangitis,the introduction of mycophenolate mofetil was safe and well-tolerated without adverse events,but it did not enable discontinuation of the steroids.Mycophenolate mofetil and other immunomodulatory therapies should continue to be studied for maintenance of remission in the large subset of patients with refractory or recurrent autoimmune pancreatitis. | Jamie B Sodikoff Steven A Keilin Sheila J Bharmal Melinda M Lewis Gottumukkala S Raju Field F Willingham | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，18： | 6 |
| 13 | R-spondin-2 is a Wnt agonist that regulates osteoblast activity and bone mass显示文摘The R-spondin family of proteins are Wnt agonists, and the complete embryonic disruption of Rspo2 results in skeletal developmental defects that recapitulate the phenotype observed with Lrp5/6 deficiency. Previous work has shown that R-spondin-2(Rspo2, RSPO2) is both highly expressed in Wnt-stimulated pre-osteoblasts and its overexpression induces osteoblast differentiation in the same cells, supporting its putative role as a positive autocrine regulator of osteoblastogenesis. However, the role of Rspo2 in regulating osteoblastogenesis and bone formation in postnatal bone has not been explored. Here we show that limb-bud progenitor cells from Rspo2 knockout mice undergo reduced mineralization during osteoblastogenesis in vitro and have a corresponding alteration in their osteogenic gene expression profile. We also generated the first Rspo2 conditional knockout(Rspo2 floxed) mouse and disrupted Rspo2 expression in osteoblast-lineage cells by crossing to the Osteocalcin-Cre mouse line(OcnCre + Rspo2 ^(f/f)). Ocn-Cre + Rspo2 f/fmale and female mice at 1, 3, and 6 months were examined. Ocn-Cre + Rspo2 f/fmice are decreased in overall body size compared to their control littermates and have decreased bone mass. Histomorphometric analysis of1-month-old mice revealed a similar number of osteoblasts and mineralizing surface per bone surface with a simultaneous decrease in mineral apposition and bone formation rates. Consistent with this observation, serum osteocalcin in 3-month-old Ocn-Cre +Rspo2 f/fwas reduced, and bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells from Ocn-Cre + Rspo2 f/fmice undergo less mineralization in vitro.Finally, gene expression analysis and immunohistochemistry of mature bone shows reduced beta-catenin signaling in Ocn-Cre +Rspo2 f/f. Overall, RSPO2 reduces osteoblastogenesis and mineralization, leading to reduced bone mass. | M.Noelle Knight Kannan Karuppaiah Michele Lowe Sarthak Mohanty Robert L.Zondervan Sheila Bell Jaimo Ahn Kurt D.Hankenson | 2018 | Bone Research2018，6，3： | 5 |
| 14 | Operative vs non-operative management of displaced proximal humeral fractures in the elderly: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials显示文摘AIM: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing operative vs non-operative treatment of displaced proximal humerus fractures in elderly patients.METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed using EMBASE and MEDLINE through the OVID interface,CINAHL,the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials(CENTRAL),Proquest,Web of Science,SAE digital library,and Transportation Research Board's TRID database.Searches of conference proceedings were also conducted.All available randomized controlled trials comparing operative vs non-operative management of displaced three- and four-part proximal humerus fractures in elderly patients were included.The primary outcomes measures included physical function,pain,health related quality of life,mortality,and the re-operation rate.RESULTS: Six randomized controlled trials(n = 287) were included.There was no statistically significant difference in function(MD = 1.72,95%CI:-2.90-6.34,P = 0.47),as measured by the Constant score,between the operative and the non-operative treatment groups.There was no statistically significance difference insecondary outcomes of health related quality of life(standardized MD = 0.27,95%CI:-0.05-0.59,P = 0.09),and mortality(relative risk 1.29,95%CI: 0.50-3.35,P = 0.60).Operative treatment had a statistically significant higher re-operation rate(relative risk 4.09,95%CI: 1.50-11.15,P = 0.006),and statistically significant decreased pain(MD = 1.26,95%CI: 0.02-2.49,P = 0.05).CONCLUSION: There is moderate quality evidence to suggest that there is no difference in functional outcomes between the two treatments.Further high quality randomized controlled trials are required to determine if certain subgroup populations benefit from surgical management. | Santa Rabi Nathan Evaniew Sheila A Sprague Mohit Bhandari Gerard P Slobogean | 2015 | World Journal of Orthopedics2015，6，10： | 5 |
| 15 | Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2013 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association显示文摘 | Alan S. Go Dariush Mozaffarian Véronique L. Roger Emelia J. Benjamin Jarett D. Berry William B. Borden Dawn M. Bravata Shifan Dai Earl S. Ford Caroline S. Fox Sheila Franco Heather J. Fullerton Cathleen Gillespie Susan M. Hailpern John A. Heit Virginia J. | 2013 | Circulation2013，，1： | 5 |
| 16 | 神经语言学:对失语症中语言与脑关系的综观(下)显示文摘已有若干项研究探索失语症音系错误的模式。虽然不同临床类型的失语症有一些差异,这种差异往往很细微,而且只在某些实验任务里出现(Trost & Canter 1974;Martin et al.1975;Nespoulous et al,1984:Canter,Trot & Burns 1985)。这些模式具有稳定性,证据来自各种语言不同的音系出现的故障:法语(Bouman & Grunbaum 1925;Lecours & Lher-mitte 1969),德语(Bouman & Grunbaum 1925;Goldstein 1948),英语(Blumstein 1973;Green 1969),土耳其语(Peuser & Fittschen 1977),俄语(Luria 1966),芬兰语(Niemi,Koivuselka-Sallinen & Hanninen 1985)。 | Sheila E.Blumstein 沈家煊 | 1992 | 当代语言学1992，，4： | 4 |
| 17 | 左手钢琴音乐的教学显示文摘 | Sheila Clagg-Cathey 崔岩 | 2006 | 钢琴艺术2006，，2： | 4 |
| 18 | 新生乳猪缺氧性肺动脉高压的肺血管重构显示文摘目的 :探讨缺氧性肺动脉高压新生乳猪肺血管形态学的变化。方法 :4 2只新生乳猪分成正常发育组和缺氧性肺动脉高压组。其中 2 0只新生乳猪置于低气压仓中 3或 11d形成不同程度缺氧性肺动脉高压模型。采用免疫组化方法和γ 肌动蛋白抗体染色对肺小动脉的形态学变化进行定量分析。结果 :正常新生乳猪出生后早期随着日龄增加 ,血管壁中层百分率快速下降 ;缺氧抑制了中层厚度百分率的下降 ,甚至增加这种百分率 (P <0 .0 1) ,同时中层与管腔面积比值与中层百分率有相同的变化倾向。结论 :新生乳猪出生后肺血管快速重构以适应子宫外生活环境。缺氧及缺氧性肺动脉高压改变正常肺血管的重构 。 | 吴忠仕 Susan M.HALL Sheila G.HAWORTH 胡冬煦 | 2002 | 湖南医科大学学报2002，27，2： | 4 |
| 19 | Executive Summary: Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2013 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association显示文摘 | Alan S. Go Dariush Mozaffarian Véronique L. Roger Emelia J. Benjamin Jarett D. Berry William B. Borden Dawn M. Bravata Shifan Dai Earl S. Ford Caroline S. Fox Sheila Franco Heather J. Fullerton Cathleen Gillespie Susan M. Hailpern John A. Heit Virginia J. | 2013 | Circulation2013，，1： | 4 |
| 20 | Acute effects of rotavirus and malnutrition on intestinal barrier function in neonatal piglets显示文摘AIM: To investigate the effect of protein-energy malnutrition on intestinal barrier function during rotavirus enteritis in a piglet model.METHODS: Newborn piglets were allotted at day 4 of age to the following treatments:(1) full-strength formula(FSF)/noninfected;(2) FSF/rotavirus infected;(3) half-strength formula(HSF)/noninfected;or(4) HSF/rotavirus infected.After one day of adjustment to the feeding rates,pigs were infected with rotavirus and acute effects on growth and diarrhea were monitored for 3 d and jejunal samples were collected for Ussingchamber analyses.RESULTS: Piglets that were malnourished or infected had lower body weights on days 2 and 3 post-infection(P < 0.05).Three days post-infection,marked diarrhea and weight loss were accompanied by sharp reductions in villus height(59%) and lactase activity(91%) and increased crypt depth(21%) in infected compared with non-infected pigs(P < 0.05).Malnutrition also increased crypt depth(21%) compared to full-fed piglets.Villus:crypt ratio was reduced(67%) with viral infection.There was a trend for reduction in transepithelial electrical resistance with rotavirus infection and malnutrition(P = 0.1).3H-mannitol flux was significantly increased(50%;P < 0.001) in rotavirus-infected piglets compared to non-infected piglets,but there was no effect of nutritional status.Furthermore,rotavirus infection reduced localization of the tight junction protein,occludin,in the cell membrane and increased localization in the cytosol.CONCLUSION: Overall,malnutrition had no additive effects to rotavirus infection on intestinal barrier function at day 3 post-infection in a neonatal piglet model. | Sheila K Jacobi Adam J Moeser Anthony T Blikslager J Marc Rhoads Benjamin A Corl Robert J Harrell Jack Odle | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，31： | 4 |
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