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| 1 | Variation of grain Cd and Zn concentrations of 110 hybrid rice cultivars grown in a low-Cd paddy soil显示文摘Enhanced Cd uptake and Zn depletion in rice grains and high potential for food Cd exposure by the high-yielding hybrid cultivars of China had been addressed.A field experiment was conducted in 2006 to determine the difference in grain Cd and Zn between cultivars.Total 110 cultivars including super rice and common hybrid rice cultivars were grown on a single paddy soil(Entic Haplaquept) with a neutral reaction and low total Cd content.Grain Cd and Zn concentrations were determined with graphite atomic adsorption spectrophotometer(GFAAS) and flame atomic adsorption spectrophotometer(AAS) respectively.Wide variation of Cd content in grain was found in a range of 0.004-0.057 mg/kg,while the Zn content in a range of 10.25-30.06 mg/kg among the cultivars.Higher Cd but lower Zn concentration in grains of super rice cultivars was observed compared to the common hybrid ones.A highly significant positive linear correlation of grain Cd/Zn with grain Cd was found for super rice and common hybrid cultivars,meanwhile much higher slope for these hybrid cultivars than the reported non-hybrid cultivars was also observed.Using the limit value of the Chinese chemical guidelines for foods(MOHC and SSC,2005),calculated potential risk of food Cd exposure with 'Zn hungry' through diet intake was prominent with all the studied 110 hybrid rice cultivars,possessing high potential health problems for rice production in South China using the super rice cultivars.Breeding of genotypes of rice cultivars with low grain Cd and low Cd/Zn ratio is needed for rice production in acidic red soils where Cd bioavailability is prevalently high. | SHI Jing,LI Lianqing,PAN Genxing Institute of Resource,Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China. | 2009 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2009，21，2： | 44 |
| 2 | Perspectives on studies on soil carbon stocks and the carbon sequestration potential of China显示文摘Soil carbon stocks and sequestration have been given a lot of attention recently in the study of terrestrial ecosystems and global climate change.This review focuses on the progress made on the estimation of the soil carbon stocks of China,and the characterization of carbon dynamics of croplands with regard to climate change,and addresses issues on the mineralization of soil organic carbon in relation to greenhouse gas emissions.By integrating existing research data,China's total soil organic carbon(SOC) stock is estimated to be 90 Pg and its inorganic carbon(SIC) stock as 60 Pg,with SOC sequestration rates in the range of 20-25 Tg/a for the last two decades.An estimation of the biophysical potential of SOC sequestration has been generally agreed as being 2 Pg over the long term,of which only 1/3 could be attainable using contemporary agricultural technologies in all of China's croplands.Thus,it is critical to enhance SOC sequestration and mitigate climate change to improve agricultural and land use management in China.There have been many instances where SOC accumulation may not induce an increased amount of decomposition under a warming scenario but instead favor improved cropland productivity and ecosystem functioning.Furthermore,unchanged or even decreased net global warming potential(GWP) from croplands with enhanced SOC has been reported by a number of case studies using life cycle analysis.Future studies on soil carbon stocks and the sequestration potential of China are expected to focus on:(1) Carbon stocks and the sequestration capacity of the earths' surface systems at scales ranging from the plot to the watershed and(2) multiple interface processes and the synergies between carbon sequestration and ecosystem productivity and ecosystem functioning at scales from the molecular level to agro-ecosystems.Soil carbon science in China faces new challenges and opportunities to undertake integrated research applicable to many areas. | ZHENG JuFeng CHENG Kun PAN GenXing Pete SMITH LI LianQing ZHANG XuHui ZHENG JinWei HAN XiaoJun DU YanLing | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，35： | 24 |
| 3 | Organic carbon stratification and size distribution of three typical paddy soils from Taihu Lake region,China显示文摘为中国的持续农业开发现实主义的土壤碳(C) 隐遁策略依靠数量,保留和在水稻土存储的 C 的周转率的精确估计。到日期的可得到的 C 估计是主要为 tilled 和灌溉洪水的表面表层土(ca。30 厘米) 。自从器官的碳(SOC ) 通常显示出的土壤,如此的估计不能被用来外推到 100 厘米的土壤深度有深度的锋利的减少。在这研究,合成土壤样品在泰胡·莱克区域从三代表性的水稻土在几深度被收集到 100 厘米,中国。在侧面玷污器官的碳分发,在总数尺寸,部分被决定。当 SOC 与深度指数地减少了到 100 厘米时,结果显示出那,全部的 SOC 的一个实质的比例(30%40%) 在 30 厘米深度下面被存储。在充实碳的稻表层土, SOC 被发现在 2 0.25 和 0.25 0.02 公里总数尺寸部分优先地积累。? 粗糙的微总数的部分的 13C 分析证明在稻表层土的 C 层化的高度与打火机的出现一致 ? 1313C 在上面 30 厘米深度。这些结果建议在侧面以内的层化关于泥土和铁 oxyhydrates 分布与水稻土的不同 pedogenetical 类型改变的那 SOC。在水稻土系统的总数的沙大小的部分可以在碳隐遁和周转起一个很重要的作用,对另外的学习农业系统不一样。 | PAN Genxing WU Laosheng LI Lianqing ZHANG Xuhui GONG Wei WOOD Yvonne | 2008 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2008，20，4： | 21 |
| 4 | SOIL AGGREGATE AND ITS RESPONSE TO LAND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES显示文摘This paper provides a broad review of the existing study on soil aggregate and its responses to land management practices. Soil aggregate is used for structural unit, which is a group of primary soil particles that cohere to each other more strongly than other surrounding particles. The mechanism of soil particle aggregation may be expressed by a hierarchical model, which is based upon the hypothesis that macroaggregates (>250 μm) are collections of smaller microaggregates (<250 μm) held together with organic binding agents. Primary particles form microaggregates and then macroaggregates. Carbon (C)-rich young plant residues form and stabilize macroaggregates, whereas old organic C is occluded in the microaggregates. The interaction of aggregate dynamics with soil organic carbon (SOC) is complex and embraces a range of spatial and temporal processes within macroaggregates and microaggregates. The nature and properties of aggregates are determined by the quantity and quality of coarse residues and humic compounds and by the degree of their interaction with soil particles. The mechanisms resulting in the binding of primary soil particles into stable aggregates vary with soil parent material, climate, vegetation, and land management practices. Land management prac- tices, including tillage methods, residue management, amendments, and soil fertility management, enhance soil aggre- gation. However, there is still much uncertainty in the dynamics of organic matter in macroaggregation and microaggre- gation, and research is still needed to understand further the mechanisms of aggregate formation and its responses to human activities. | Chaofu Wei Ming Gao Jingan Shao Deti Xie Genxing Pan | 2006 | China Particuology2006，4，5： | 17 |
| 5 | Land-use induced changes in topsoil organic carbon stock of paddy fields using MODIS and TM/ETM analysis:A case study of Wujiang County,China显示文摘Topsoil soil organic carbon (SOC) that plays an important role in mitigating atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO_2) buildup is greatly affected by human activities.To evaluate the influence of land-use changes on SOC stocks in paddy soils,a new algorithm was developed by integrating MODIS (moderate resolution imaging spectral-radiometer) and TM/ETM data for timely monitoring the land-use change in Wujiang County.Thereafter,the land-use class-maps derived from MODIS and TM/ETM analyses were further used to est... | GAO, Jianfeng PAN, Genxing JIANG, Xiaosan PAN, Jianjun ZHUANG, Dafang | 2008 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2008，20，7： | 15 |
| 6 | SOME FEATURES OF CARBON CYCLES IN KARST SYSTEM AND THE IMPLICATION FOR EPIKARSTIFICATION —An Example of Yaji Karst Experimental Site in Guilin,China显示文摘The carbon pools of biomass,littering,and SOC wre studied with regards to carbon cycles in epikarst zone,taking an example of Yaji Karst Experiemnt Site in Guilin.This study was focused on SOC and its lability,SOC decomposition rate,CO 2 regime in the soils. 13 ctracing was used to persua the relation of bicarbonate in karst water to soil carbon.The results indicated sufficient carbon pool in SOC for the driveing CO 2 in the karst system.It was revealed that about 60percent of carbon in epi-karst springs resulted from SOC during spring and summer.Thus,the CO 2,driving the karstification,was not simply due to adsorption of atmospheric CO 2 but due to carbon transfer through the pathway of air-plant-soil-water.The driving force should not be overlooked for the epi-karst formation by soil as an interface of carbon environmental geochemistry. | Pan Genxing Tao Yuxiang Shun Yuhua Teng Yongzhong Han Fushun College of Resource & Environment Science,Nanjing Agricultural Univ.,Nanjing, 210095 People’s Republic of China | 1997 | Journal of Geographical Sciences1997，7，3： | 15 |
| 7 | Effects of free iron oxyhydrates and soil organic matter on copper sorption-desorption behavior by size fractions of aggregates from two paddy soils显示文摘Effects of free iron oxyhydrates (Fed) and soil organic matter (SOM) on copper (Cu2+) sorption-desorption behavior by size fractions of aggregates from two typical paddy soils (Ferric-Accumulic Stagnic Anthrosol (Soil H) and Gleyic Stagnic Anthrosol (Soil W)) were investigated with and without treatments of dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate and of H2O2. The size fractions of aggregates were obtained from the undisturbed bulk topsoil using a low energy ultrasonic dispersion procedure. Experiments of equilibrium sorption and subsequent desorption were conducted at soil water ratio of 1:20, 25°C. For Soil H, Cu2+ sorption capacity of the DCB-treated size fractions was decreased by 5.9% for fine sand fraction, by 40.4% for coarse sand fraction, in comparison to 2.9% for the bulk sample. However, Cu2+ sorption capacities of the H2O2-treated fractions were decreased by over 80% for the coarse sand fraction and by 15% for the clay-sized fraction in comparison to 88% for bulk soil. For Soil W, Cu2+ sorption capacity of the DCB-treated size fraction was decreased by 30% for the coarse sand fraction and by over 75% for silt sand fraction in comparison to 44.5% for the bulk sample. Cu2+ sorption capacities of the H2O2-treated fractions were decreased by only 2.0% for the coarse sand fraction and by 15% for the fine sand fraction in comparison to by 3.4% for bulk soil. However, Cu2+ desorption rates were increased much in H2O2-treated samples by over 80% except the clay-sized fraction (only 9.5%) for Soil H. While removal of SOM with H2O2 tendend to increase the desorption rate, DCB- and H2O2-treatments caused decrease in Cu2+ retention capacity of size fractions. Particularly, there hardly remained Cu2+ retention capacity by size fractions from Soil H after H2O2 treatment except for clay-sized fraction. These findings supported again the dominance of the coarse sand fraction in sorption of metals and the preference of absorbed metals bound to SOM in di?erently stabilized status among the size fractions. Thus, enrichment and turnover of SOM in paddy soils may have great effects on metal retention and chemical mobility in paddy soils. | WANG Fang, PAN Genxing, LI Lianqing Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China. | 2009 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2009，21，5： | 14 |
| 8 | Effects of yaw-roll coupling ratio on the lateral-directional departure prediction and restraint显示文摘The experimental data obtained from yaw-roll coupled wind tunnel tests are used for lateral-directional departure prediction,by linearizing the_b model to extract nominal dynamic derivatives at each coupling ratio.The prediction results are compared with those of the existing engineering methods which are based on the conventional aerodynamic derivatives.The comparison shows that the yaw-roll coupling ratio has a great influence on the departure susceptibility.The departure resistance will loss in partial region of the coupling ratio when the angle of attack is higher than a critical value.According to the stable and unstable regions of coupling ratio,a two-segment stability augmentation system with two different feedback gain matrices is obtained by pole-placement method.The two-segment stability augmentation system is used in the simulations of straight and level flight,steady turn,spin recovery and Herbst maneuver.The simulation results are also compared with the applications of a fixed-gain stability augmentation system designed by the conventional aerodynamic derivatives.When the yaw-roll coupling effects are fully considered,the two-segment stability augmentation system is more effective for departure restraint and can provide a better flying quality with less control energy. | Lin SHEN Da HUANG Genxing WU | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2019，32，10： | 8 |
| 9 | Developing More Effective Enhanced Biochar Fertilisers for Improvement of Pepper Yield and Quality显示文摘Utilization of biochar at high application rates can increase soil C and crop yields, decrease greenhouse gas emissions and reduce nutrient run-off from soils. However, the high application rate of 10 t ha-1may not return a profit to the farmer due to the high cost of biochar. In this study biochar was modified through pre-treating the biomass and post-treating with phosphoric acid, minerals and different chemical fertilisers to study the effects of two new enhanced biochar fertilisers on the yield and quality of green pepper in a field experiment with 5 fertilisation treatments and 3 replications. The two new biochar fertilisers significantly(P < 0.05) increased the yield of green pepper(11.33–11.47 t ha-1), compared with the conventional chemical fertiliser(9.72 t ha-1). The biochar fertiliser treatments improved the vitamin C content of green pepper from 236.99 to 278.28 mg kg-1, and also significantly(P < 0.05) reduced the nitrate content from 132.32 to 101.92 mg kg-1, compared with chemical fertiliser. This study indicated that, compared to the use of conventional chemical fertiliser, all of the biochar fertiliser treatments could significantly improve the yield and quality of green pepper. | YAO Chunxue Stephen JOSEPH LI Lianqing PAN Genxing Yun LIN Paul MUNROE Ben PACE Sarasadat TAHERYMOOSAVI Lukas VAN ZWIETEN Torsten THOMAS Shaun NIELSEN Jun YE Scott DONNE | 2015 | Pedosphere2015，25，5： | 8 |
| 10 | Effects of biochar application on fluxes of three biogenic greenhouse gases: a meta- analysis显示文摘Biochar application to cropland has been recommended as a strategy to reduce increasing at-mospheric CO2 concentrations and mitigate climate change.However,the direction and magnitude of responses of greenhouse gas(GHG)fluxes to biochar application to cropland remain unclear.Our meta-analysis of 296 observations across 61 studies for the first time quantitatively estimated the effects of biochar amendment on fluxes of three GHGsCO2,N2O,and CH4.The results showed that biochar application led to a significant change in soil GHGs emissions:in general,19%for CO2,−16%for N2O(P<0.05),but no pronounced change in CH4 emissions;in paddy,−5%for CO2,−20%for N2O,but+19%for CH4(P<0.05);in upland,−18%for N2O,+12%for CO2,and high uncertainty for CH4.The responses of soil GHG flux-es to biochar application were regulated mainly by experiment length,biochar application rate,biochar properties,providing a new perspective for more comprehensive understanding on biochar.The bio-char derived from husk was recommended to apply to cropland with an application rate of 20-30 t·ha^(−1). | Xinzhang Song Genxing Pan Chao Zhang Lu Zhang Hailong Wang | 2016 | Ecosystem Health and Sustainability2016，2，2： | 8 |
| 11 | Effects of yaw-roll coupling ratio on lateraldirectional aerodynamic characteristics显示文摘Experimental investigation of large amplitude yaw-roll coupled oscillations was conducted in a low-speed wind tunnel using an aircraft configuration model. A special test rig was designed and constructed to provide different coupled motions from low to high angles of attack.A parameter ‘‘coupling ratio' was introduced to indicate the extent of yaw-roll coupling. At each pitch angle, seven coupling ratios were designed to study the yaw-roll coupling effects on the lateraldirectional aerodynamic characteristics systematically. At high angles of attack, the damping characteristics of yawing and rolling moments drastically varied with coupling ratios. In the coupled motions with the rotation taking place about the wind axis, the lateral-directional aerodynamic moments exhibited unsteady characteristics and were different from the ‘‘quasi-steady' results of the rotary balance tests. The calculated results of the traditional aerodynamic derivative method were also compared with the experimental data. At low and very high angles of attack, the aerodynamic derivative method was applicative. However, within a wide range of angles of attack, the calculated results of aerodynamic derivative method were inconsistent with the experimental data, due to the drastic changes of damping characteristics of lateral-directional aerodynamic moments with yaw-roll coupling ratios. | Lin SHEN Da HUANG Genxing WU | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2019，32，2： | 7 |
| 12 | Effects of elevated atmospheric CO_2 concentration and temperature on the soil profile methane distribution and diffusion in rice–wheat rotation system显示文摘The aim of this experiment was to determine the impacts of climate change on soil profile concentrations and diffusion effluxes of methane in a rice–wheat annual rotation ecosystem in Southeastern China. We initiated a field experiment with four treatments:ambient conditions(CKs), CO_2 concentration elevated to ~ 500 μmol/mol(FACE),temperature elevated by ca. 2°C(T) and combined elevation of CO_2 concentration and temperature(FACE + T). A multilevel sampling probe was designed to collect the soil gas at four different depths, namely, 7 cm, 15 cm, 30 cm and 50 cm. Methane concentrations were higher during the rice season and decreased with depth, while lower during the wheat season and increased with depth. Compared to CK, mean methane concentration was increased by 42%, 57% and 71% under the FACE, FACE + T and T treatments, respectively, at the 7 cm depth during the rice season(p < 0.05). Mean methane diffusion effluxes to the 7 cm depth were positive in the rice season and negative in the wheat season, resulting in the paddy field being a source and weak sink, respectively. Moreover, mean methane diffusion effluxes in the rice season were 0.94, 1.19 and 1.42 mg C/(m^2·hr) in the FACE,FACE + T and T treatments, respectively, being clearly higher than that in the CK. The results indicated that elevated atmospheric CO_2 concentration and temperature could significantly increase soil profile methane concentrations and their effluxes from a rice–wheat field annual rotation ecosystem(p < 0.05). | Bo Yang Zhaozhi Chen Man Zhang Heng Zhang Xuhui Zhang Genxing Pan Jianwen Zou Zhengqin Xiong | 2015 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2015，27，6： | 5 |
| 13 | Effects of biochar amendment on soil quality, crop yield and greenhouse gas emission in a Chinese rice paddy: A field study of 2 consecutive rice growing cycles显示文摘 | Afeng Zhang Rongjun Bian Genxing Pan Liqiang Cui Qaiser Hussain Lianqing Li Jinwei Zheng Jufeng Zheng Xuhui Zhang Xiaojun Han Xinyan Yu | 2011 | Field Crops Research2011，，： | 4 |
| 14 | Effect of biochar amendment on maize yield and greenhouse gas emissions from a soil organic carbon poor calcareous loamy soil from Central China Plain显示文摘 | Afeng Zhang Yuming Liu Genxing Pan Qaiser Hussain Lianqing Li Jinwei Zheng Xuhui Zhang | 2012 | Plant and Soil (-)2012，，1： | 4 |
| 15 | Mechanism and kinetics of aluminum dissolution during copper sorption by acidity paddy soil in South China显示文摘Soil aggregates were prepared from a bulk soil collected from paddy soil in the Taihu Lake region and aluminum(Al) dissolution, solution p H changes during copper(Cu2+) sorption were investigated with static sorption and magnetic stirring. Kinetics of Cu2+sorption and Al dissolution were also studied by magnetic stirring method. No Al dissolution was observed until Cu2+sorption was greater than a certain value, which was 632, 450, 601 and674 mg/kg for sand, clay, silt, and coarse silt fractions, respectively. Aluminum dissolution increased with increasing Cu2+sorption and decreasing solution p H. An amount of dissolved Al showed a significant positive correlation with non-specific sorption of Cu2+(R2> 0.97), and it was still good under different p H values(R2> 0.95). Copper sorption significantly decreased solution p H. The magnitude of solution p H decline increased as Cu2+sorption and Al dissolution increased. The sand and clay fraction had a less Al dissolution and p H drop due to the higher ferric oxide, Al oxide and organic matter contents. After sorption reaction for half an hour, the Cu2+sorption progress reached more than 90% while the Al dissolution progress was only 40%, and lagged behind the Cu2+sorption. It indicated that aluminum dissolution is associated with non-specific sorption. | Peiya Liu Yujiao Li Qinliang Wen Changxun Dong Genxing Pan | 2015 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2015，27，8： | 3 |
| 16 | Effect of biochar amendment on maize yield and greenhouse gas emissions from a soil organic carbon poor calcareous loamy soil from Central China Plain显示文摘 | Afeng Zhang Yuming Liu Genxing Pan Qaiser Hussain Lianqing Li Jinwei Zheng Xuhui Zhang | 2012 | Plant and Soil2012，，1： | 3 |
| 17 | Feeding Biochar to Cows:An Innovative Solution for Improving Soil Fertility and Farm Productivity显示文摘Addition of biochar produced through thermal decomposition of biomass has been seen as a strategy to improve soils and to sequester carbon(C), but wide scale implementation of the technology requires to devise innovative profitable solutions. To develop biochar utilisation with an integrated system approach, an innovative program was implemented in 2012 on a 53-ha farm in Western Australia to determine the costs and benefits of integrating biochar with animal husbandry and improvement of pastures. Biochar was mixed with molasses and fed directly to cows. The dung-biochar mixture was incorporated into the soil profile by dung beetles.We studied the changes in soil properties over 3 years. Biochar extracted from fresh dung and from the soil to a depth of 40 cm was characterised. A preliminary financial analysis of the costs and benefits of this integrated approach was also undertaken. The preliminary investigation results suggested that this strategy was effective in improving soil properties and increasing returns to the farmer. It was also concluded that the biochar adsorbed nutrients from the cow's gut and from the dung. Dung beetles could transport this nutrient-rich biochar into the soil profile. There was little evidence that the recalcitrant component of the biochar was reduced through reactions inside the gut or on/in the soil. Further research is required to quantify the long-term impact of integrating biochar and dung beetles into the rearing of cows. | Stephen JOSEPH Doug POW Kathy DAWSON David R.G.MITCHELL Aditya RAWAL James HOOK Sarasadat TAHERYMOOSAVI Lukas VAN ZWIETEN Joshua RUST Scott DONNE Paul MUNROE Ben PACE Ellen GRABER Torsten THOMAS Shaun NIELSEN Jun YE Yun LIN PAN Genxing LI Lianqing Zakaria M.SOLAIMAN | 2015 | Pedosphere2015，25，5： | 2 |
| 18 | The role of soil organic matter in maintaining the productivity and yield stability of cereals in China显示文摘 | Genxing Pan Pete Smith Weinan Pan | 2008 | Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment2008，，1： | 2 |
| 19 | Sewage irrigation increased methane and nitrous oxide emissions from rice paddies in southeast China显示文摘 | Jianwen Zou Shuwei Liu Yanmei Qin Genxing Pan Dawei Zhu | 2008 | Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment2008，，4： | 2 |
| 20 | A three-year experiment confirms continuous immobilization of cadmium and lead in contaminated paddy field with biochar amendment显示文摘 | Rongjun Bian Stephen Joseph Liqiang Cui Genxing Pan Lianqing Li Xiaoyu Liu Afeng Zhang Helen Rutlidge Singwei Wong Chee Chia Chris Marjo Bin Gong Paul Munroe Scott Donne | 2014 | Journal of Hazardous Materials2014，，： | 2 |
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