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| 1 | Non-invasive means of measuring hepatic fat content显示文摘Hepatic steatosis affects 20% to 30% of the general adult population in the western world. Currently, the technique of choice for determining hepatic fat deposition and the stage of fibrosis is liver biopsy. However, it is an invasive procedure and its use is limited, particularly in children. It may also be subject to sampling error. Non-invasive techniques such as ultrasound, computerised tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) can detect hepatic steatosis, but currently cannot distinguish between simple steatosis and steatohepatitis, or stage the degree of fibrosis accurately. Ultrasound is widely used to detect hepatic steatosis, but its sensitivity is reduced in the morbidly obese and also in those with small amounts of fatty infiltration. It has been used to grade hepatic fat content, but this is subjective. CT can detect hepatic steatosis, but exposes subjects to ionising radiation, thus limiting its use in longitudinal studies and in children. Recently, magnetic resonance (MR) techniques using chemical shift imaging have provided a quantitative assessment of the degree of hepatic fatty infiltration, which correlates well with liver biopsy results in the same patients. Similarly, in vivo 1H MRS is a fast, safe, non-invasive method forthe quantification of intrahepatocellular lipid (IHCL) levels. Both techniques will be useful tools in future longitudinal clinical studies, either in examining the natural history of conditions causing hepatic steatosis (e.g. non-alcoholic fatty liver disease), or in testing new treatments for these conditions. | Sanjeev R Mehta E Louise Thomas Jimmy D Bell Desmond G Johnston Simon D Taylor-Robinson | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，22： | 21 |
| 2 | Duchenne 肌肉发达的营养障碍: CRISPR/Cas9 处理显示文摘 | Jerry R Mendell Louise R Rodino-Klapac | 2016 | Cell Research2016，26，5： | 6 |
| 3 | Hepatitis E virus in patients with acute severe liver injury显示文摘AIM: To examine the incidence of hepatitis E(HepE) in individuals with acute liver injury severe enough to warrant treatment at a transplant unit.METHODS: Hepatitis E virus(HEV) is an emerging pathogen in developed countries causing severe illness, particularly in immunocompromised patients or those with underlying chronic liver disease. HepE infection isoften under diagnosed, as clinicians can be reluctant to test patients who have not travelled to regions traditionally considered hyperendemic for HepE. There are few data regarding the significance of HEV in patients with very severe acute liver injury in developed countries. Eighty patients with acute severe liver injury attending the Scottish Liver Transplant unit were tested for HEV and anti-HEV IgG and IgM. Severe acute liver injury was defined as a sudden deterioration in liver function confirmed by abnormal liver function tests and coagulopathy or presence of hepatic encephalopathy. Eighty percent of these patients were diagnosed with paracetomol overdose. No patients had a history of chronic or decompensated chronic liver disease at time of sampling. IgG positive samples were quantified against the World Health Organization anti-HEV IgG standard. Samples were screened for HEV viral RNA by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS: Four cases of hepatitis E were identified. Three of the four cases were only diagnosed on retrospective testing and were initially erroneously ascribed to drug-induced liver injury and decompensated chronic liver disease, with the cause of the decompensation uncertain. One case was caused by HEV genotype 1 in a traveller returning from Asia, the other three were autochthonous and diagnosed on retrospective testing. In two of these cases(where RNA was detected) HEV was found to be genotype 3, the most prevalent genotype in developed countries. Three patients survived, two of whom had been misdiagnosed as having drug induced liver injury. The fourth patient died from sepsis and liver failure precipitated as a result of hepatitis E infection and previously undiagnosed cirrhosis. Histopathology data to date is limited to mainly that seen for endemic HepE. All patients, with the exception of patient 1, demonstrated characteristics of HepE infection, as seen in previously described locally acquired cases.CONCLUSION: In patients with acute severe liver injury, HEV testing should be part of the initial diagnostic investigation algorithm irrespective of suspected initial diagnosis, age or travel history. | Claire Louise Crossan Kenneth J Simpson Darren G Craig Christopher Bellamy Janice Davidson Harry R Dalton Linda Scobie | 2014 | World Journal of Hepatology2014，6，6： | 4 |
| 4 | Toxoplasma gondii : from animals to humans显示文摘 | Astrid M Tenter Anja R Heckeroth Louis M Weiss | 2000 | International Journal for Parasitology2000，，12： | 4 |
| 5 | Characterization of two rat models of cystic fibrosis—KO and F508del CFTR—Generated by Crispr-Cas9显示文摘Background: Genetically engineered animals are essential for gaining a proper understanding of the disease mechanisms of cystic fibrosis(CF). The rat is a relevant laboratory model for CF because of its zootechnical capacity, size, and airway characteristics, including the presence of submucosal glands.Methods: We describe the generation of a CF rat model(F508 del) homozygous for the p.Phe508 del mutation in the transmembrane conductance regulator(Cftr) gene. This model was compared to new Cftr-/-rats(CFTR KO). Target organs in CF were examined by histological staining of tissue sections and tooth enamel was quantified by micro-computed tomography. The activity of CFTR was evaluated by nasal potential difference(NPD) and short-circuit current measurements. The effect of VX-809 and VX-770 was analyzed on nasal epithelial primary cell cultures from F508 del rats.Results: Both newborn F508 del and Knock out(KO) animals developed intestinal obstruction that could be partly compensated by special diet combined with an osmotic laxative. The two rat models exhibited CF phenotypic anomalies such as vas deferens agenesis and tooth enamel defects. Histology of the intestine, pancreas, liver, and lungs was normal. Absence of CFTR function in KO rats was confirmed ex vivo by short-circuit current measurements on colon mucosae and in vivo by NPD, whereas residual CFTR activity was observed in F508 del rats. Exposure of F508 del CFTR nasal primary cultures to a combination of VX-809 and VX-770 improved CFTR-mediated Cl-transport.Conclusions: The F508 del rats reproduce the phenotypes observed in CFTR KO animals and represent a novel resource to advance the development of CF therapeutics. | Elise Dreano Marc Bacchetta Juliette Simonin Louise Galmiche Claire Usal Lotfi Slimani Jérémy Sadoine Laurent Tesson Ignacio Anegon Jean-Paul Concordet Aurélie Hatton Lucile Vignaud Danielle Tondelier Isabelle Sermet-Gaudelus Marc Chanson Charles-Henry Cottart | 2019 | Animal Models and Experimental Medicine2019，2，4： | 3 |
| 6 | Evidence for the involvement of NOD2 in regulating colonic epithelial cell growth and survival显示文摘AIM: To investigate the function of NOD2 in colonic epithelial cells (CEC). METHODS: A combination of in vivo and in vitro analyses of epithelial cell turnover in the presence and absence of a functional NOD2 protein and, in response to enteric Salmonella typhimurium infection, were used. shRNA interference was also used to investigate the consequences of knocking down NOD2 gene expression on the growth and survival of colorectal carcinoma cell lines. RESULTS:In the colonic mucosa the highest levels of NOD2 expression were in proliferating crypt epithelial cells. Muramyl dipeptide (MDP), that is recognized by NOD2, promoted CEC growth in vitro . By contrast,the growth of NOD2-deficient CECs was impaired. In vivo CEC proliferation was also reduced and apoptosis increased in Nod2-/- mice, which were also evident following enteric Salmonella infection. Furthermore, neutralization of NOD2 mRNA expression in human colonic carcinoma cells by shRNA interference resulted in decreased survival due to increased levels of apoptosis. CONCLUSION: These findings are consistent with the involvement of NOD2 protein in promoting CEC growth and survival. Defects in proliferation by CECs in cases of CD may contribute to the underlying pathology of disrupted intestinal homeostasis and excessive inflammation. | Sheena M Cruickshank Louise Wakenshaw John Cardone Peter D Howdle Peter J Murray Simon R Carding | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，38： | 3 |
| 7 | Targeting STAT3 in gastric cancer显示文摘 | Andrew S Giraud Trevelyan R Menheniott Louise M Judd | 2012 | Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets2012，，9： | 3 |
| 8 | Intracranial atherosclerosis显示文摘 | Adnan I Qureshi Louis R Caplan | 2014 | The Lancet . 2014 (9921)2014，，9921： | 2 |
| 9 | MicroRNA-21 Is Induced Early in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Precursor Lesions显示文摘 | du Rieu Ma?l Chalret Torrisani Jér?me Selves Janick Al Saati Talal Souque Anny Dufresne Marlène Tsongalis Gregory J Suriawinata Arief A Carrére Nicolas Buscail Louis Cordelier Pierre | 2010 | Clinical Chemistry2010，，： | 1 |
| 10 | Mesenchymal stromal cell derived endothelial progenitor treatment in patients with refractory angina显示文摘 | Tina Friis Mandana Haack-S?rensen Anders B. Mathiasen Rasmus S. Ripa Ulrik S. Kristoffersen Erik J?rgensen Louise Hansen Lene Bindslev Andreas Kj?r Birger Hesse Ebbe Dickmeiss Jens Kastrup | 2011 | Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal2011，，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Synthesis and processing of the trasmembrane envelope protein of equine infectious anemia virus显示文摘 | Nancy R Louise H Raymond C S | 1990 | J Virol1990，64，： | 1 |
| 12 | Profiling the Senior Traveler: An Australian Perspective显示文摘 | Louise H Carter R W Sherrie W Hein R | 2002 | Journal of Travel Research2002，41，8： | 1 |
| 13 | Inhibition of the human two-pore domain potassium channel TREK-1 by flu-oxetine and its metabolite norfluoxetine 显示文摘 | Louise E Justin R Kishani M | 2005 | Briti J of Pharmacology2005，144，： | 1 |
| 14 | The pyrolysis of tobacco ingre-dients 显示文摘 | RICHARD R B LOUISE J B | 2004 | Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis2004，71，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Adult degenerative scoliosis显示文摘 | Tambe AD Louis A Michael R | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 16 | Challenges to effective cancer control in China, India, and Russia显示文摘 | Paul E Goss Kathrin Strasser-Weippl Brittany L Lee-Bychkovsky Lei Fan Junjie Li Yanin Chavarri-Guerra Pedro E R Liedke C S Pramesh Tanja Badovinac-Crnjevic Yuri Sheikine Zhu Chen You-lin Qiao Zhiming Shao Yi-Long Wu Daiming Fan Louis W C Chow Jun Wang Qio | 2014 | Lancet Oncology2014，，5： | 1 |
| 17 | lronuptake and metabolism in the new millennium 显示文摘 | Louise L Dunn Yohan Suryo Rahmanto Des R Richardson | 2006 | Trends in Cell Biology2006，17，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Antireflux Transoral Incisionless Fundoplication Using EsophyX: 12-Month Results of a Prospective Multicenter Study显示文摘 | Guy-Bernard Cadière Michel Buset Vinciane Muls Amin Rajan Thomas R?sch Alexander J. Eckardt Joseph Weerts Boris Bastens Guido Costamagna Michele Marchese Hubert Louis Fazia Mana Filip Sermon Anna K. Gawlicka Michael A. Daniel Jacques Devière | 2008 | World Journal of Surgery2008，，8： | 1 |
| 19 | Managers and Investors Responses to Media Exposure of Board Ineffectiveness显示文摘 | Jennifer J Louis H Dahlia R | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 20 | Role of Toll-like receptor 4 on pancreatic and pulmonary injury in a mice model of acute pancreatitis associated with endotoxemia显示文摘 | Catherine M. Pastor Jér?me Pugin Brenda Kwak Marc Chanson Fran?ois Mach Antoine Hadengue Jean Louis Frossard | 2004 | Critical Care Medicine2004，，8： | 1 |
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