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| 1 | Evolving concepts in bone infection: redefining “biofilm”,“acute vs. chronic osteomyelitis”, “the immune proteome” and “local antibiotic therapy”显示文摘Osteomyelitis is a devastating disease caused by microbial infection of bone. While the frequency of infection following elective orthopedic surgery is low, rates of reinfection are disturbingly high. Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for the majority of chronic osteomyelitis cases and is often considered to be incurable due to bacterial persistence deep within bone. Unfortunately, there is no consensus on clinical classifications of osteomyelitis and the ensuing treatment algorithm. Given the high patient morbidity,mortality, and economic burden caused by osteomyelitis, it is important to elucidate mechanisms of bone infection to inform novel strategies for prevention and curative treatment. Recent discoveries in this field have identified three distinct reservoirs of bacterial biofilm including: Staphylococcal abscess communities in the local soft tissue and bone marrow, glycocalyx formation on implant hardware and necrotic tissue, and colonization of the osteocyte-lacuno canalicular network(OLCN) of cortical bone. In contrast, S.aureus intracellular persistence in bone cells has not been substantiated in vivo, which challenges this mode of chronic osteomyelitis. There have also been major advances in our understanding of the immune proteome against S. aureus, from clinical studies of serum antibodies and media enriched for newly synthesized antibodies(MENSA), which may provide new opportunities for osteomyelitis diagnosis, prognosis, and vaccine development. Finally, novel therapies such as antimicrobial implant coatings and antibiotic impregnated 3D-printed scaffolds represent promising strategies for preventing and managing this devastating disease. Here, we review these recent advances and highlight translational opportunities towards a cure. | Elysia A. Masters Ryan P. Trombetta Karen L. de Mesy Bentley Brendan F Boyce Ann Lindley Gill Steven R. Gill Kohei Nishitani Masahiro Ishikawa Yugo Morita Hiromu Ito Sheila N. Bello-Irizarry Mark Ninomiya James D. Brodell Jr. Charles C. Lee Stephanie P. Hao Irvin Oh Chao Xie Hani A. Awad John L. Daiss John R. Owen Stephen L. Kates Edward M. Schwarz Gowrishankar Muthukrishnan | 2019 | Bone Research2019，7，3： | 19 |
| 2 | Clarifying sub-genomic positions of QTLs for flowering habit and fruit quality in U.S. strawberry (Fragaria×ananassa) breeding populations using pedigree-based QTL analysis显示文摘The cultivated strawberry(Fragaria×ananassa)is consumed worldwide for its flavor and nutritional benefits.Genetic analysis of commercially important traits in strawberry are important for the development of breeding methods and tools for this species.Although several quantitative trait loci(QTL)have been previously detected for fruit quality and flowering traits using low-density genetic maps,clarity on the sub-genomic locations of these QTLs was missing.Recent discoveries in allo-octoploid strawberry genomics led to the development of the IStraw90 single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)array,enabling high-density genetic maps and finer resolution QTL analysis.In this study,breeder-specified traits were evaluated in the Eastern(Michigan)and Western(Oregon)United States for a common set of breeding populations during 2 years.Several QTLs were validated for soluble solids content(SSC),fruit weight(FWT),pH and titratable acidity(TA)using a pedigree-based QTL analysis approach.For fruit quality,a QTL for SSC on linkage group(LG)6A,a QTL for FWT on LG 2BII,a QTL for pH on LG 4CII and two QTLs for TA on LGs 2A and 5B were detected.In addition,a large-effect QTL for flowering was detected at the distal end of LG 4A,coinciding with the FaPFRU locus.Marker haplotype analysis in the FaPFRU region indicated that the homozygous recessive genotype was highly predictive of seasonal flowering.SNP probes in the FaPFRU region may help facilitate marker-assisted selection for this trait. | Sujeet Verma Jason D Zurn Natalia Salinas Megan M Mathey Beatrice Denoyes James F Hancock Chad E Finn Nahla V Bassil Vance M Whitaker | 2017 | Horticulture Research2017，4，1： | 10 |
| 3 | 老年人桡骨远端骨折 手术治疗与非手术治疗的比较显示文摘根据2项回顾性队列研究的结论,尚不能明确对于老年人桡骨远端骨折的治疗,手术治疗与非手术治疗何者更有效。尽管研究结果提示,与非手术治疗相比,手术治疗能获得更好的影像学复位效果,但是2种治疗方法腕部的最终功能恢复和活动度并无差异。对于疼痛的残留情况和握力恢复各研究结论不一。研究认为,手术治疗的患者关节炎发生率较低, | James F Kellam 王长簕(译) 杨云峰(译) | 2011 | 中华创伤骨科杂志2011，13，6： | 9 |
| 4 | Evaluation of Glycosaminoglycan in the Lumbar Disc Using Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer MR at 3.0 Tesla:Reproducibility and Correlation with Disc Degeneration显示文摘Objective This study aims to explore the clinical applicability and relevance of glycosaminoglycan Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer(gag CEST) for intervertebral disc. Methods 25 subjects ranging in age from 24 yrs to 74 yrs were enrolled. gag CEST was acquired using a single-slice TSE sequence on a 3T. Saturation used a continuous rectangular RF pulse with B1=0.8 μT and a fixed duration time =1100 ms. Sagittal image was obtained firstly without saturation pulse, and then saturated images were acquired at 52 offsets ranging from ±0.125 to ±7 parts per million(ppm). MR T2 relaxivity map was acquired at the identical location. Six subjects were scanned twice to assess scan-rescan reproducibility. Results Gag CEST intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC) of six subjects was 0.759 for nucleus pulposus(NP) and 0.508 for annulus fibrosus(AF). Bland-Altman plots showed NP had a mean difference of 0.10%(95% limits of agreement:-3.02% to 3.22%); while that of AF was 0.34%(95% limits of agreement:-2.28% to 2.95%). For the 25 subjects, gag CEST in NP decreased as disc degeneration increased, with a similar trend to T2 relaxivity. Gag CEST of AF showed a better correlation with disc degeneration than T2 relaxivity. Conclusion Gag CEST in NP and AF decreased as disc degeneration increased, while gag CEST in AF showed a better correlation than T2 relaxivity. | Deng Min Yuan Jing Chen Wei Tian Queenie Chan James F Griffith Wang Yi Xiang | 2016 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2016，29，1： | 8 |
| 5 | N-acetylcysteine treats intravenous amiodarone induced liver injury显示文摘We report a case of intravenous(IV) amiodarone drug induced liver injury(DILI).The patient received IV N-acetylcysteine(NAC) which resulted in a rapid improvement in liver enzymes.While the specific mechanisms for the pathogenesis of IV amiodaroneDILI and the therapeutic action of IV NAC are both unknown, this case strongly implies at least some commonality.Because IV amiodarone is indicated for the treatment of serious cardiac arrhythmias in an intensive care unit setting, some degree of ischemic hepatitis is likely a cofactor in most cases. | Matthew L Mudalel Kartikeya P Dave James P Hummel Steven F Solga | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，9： | 5 |
| 6 | 超声不同数学公式评估中国胎儿体重的准确性分析显示文摘目的:针对中国人种,在不同孕周,比较12种超声估计胎儿体重的公式来预测新生儿体重的准确性。并同时比较经验丰富与新手之间评估准确性的差异。方法:回顾性分析对488例单胎中国人得胎儿体重用12种公式分别评估胎儿体重。胎儿生物学测量的径线在分娩前7天测量。结果:488例孕妇中,31例(6.4%)为小于胎龄儿(SGA),36例(7.3%)为大于胎龄儿。对于所有的病例,Aoki和Hadlock I有最好的组内相关效率。对于SGA而言,Combs的预测效率最高。对于体重在2501 g至3999 g之间的胎儿,Aoki的预测效率最高。对于LGA,Merz公式有最强的预测准确率。在经验丰富与新手预测胎儿体重的准确性方面,经过系统训练的熟练操作人员的准确性明显高于新手的评估准确率。结论:在决定分娩时机和分娩方式,尤其是在需要催产或期待妊娠时,临床上必须要考虑到胎儿体重的情况。在不同种族,不同体重范围时应该运用不同的超声胎儿体重的公式。超声工作者应该在上岗前系统的培训超声测量胎儿体重的标准平面及操作技巧以提高评估的准确性。 | 傅静 James F Cnota | 2014 | 中国医学物理学杂志2014，31，1： | 5 |
| 7 | Nat Med:靶向两分子或有助于彻底治愈白血病显示文摘科学家在癌细胞内发现两个信号蛋白能够让癌细胞抵抗化疗。研究表明阻断这两种蛋白能够增强化疗对人类白血病小鼠模型的治疗效果。相关研究结果发表在国际学术期刊NatureMedicine上。研究人员发现在治疗中阻断c-Fos和Dusp1这两个蛋白能够治愈一些受激酶驱动且抵抗治疗的白血病和实体瘤。 | Meenu Kesarwani, Zachary Kincaid, Ahmed Gomaa, Erika Huber, Sara Rohrabaugh, Zain Siddiqui, Muhammad F Bouso, Kakajan Komurov, James C Mulloy, Jose A Cancelas, H Leighton Grimes Mohammad Azam Tahir Latif Ming Xu H Leighton Grimes Mohammad Azam | 2017 | 现代生物医学进展2017，17，17： | 4 |
| 8 | Identification and characterization of the minimal androgen-regulated kidney-specific kidney androgen-regulated protein gene promoter显示文摘肾调整雄激素的蛋白质(Kap ) 基因是由雄激素在老鼠肾特定、调整的织物近似小管房间(PTC ) 。在现在的学习,我们试图识别最小的 PTC 特定的调整雄激素的 Kap 倡导者并且分析它的雄激素反应元素(AREs ) 。Kap1542 倡导者 / 酶构造的一个删除系列是 assayed 在里面鼠肾(好) PTC 当面或 15 nM dihydrotestosterone (DHT ) 的缺席。Kap1542 和 Kap637 举办了低活动和没有雄激素正式就职;Kap224 举办了比 Kap1542 的高是到 5 褶层的 4- 的一项基础活动,但是被 DHT 仅仅稍微导致。Kap147 举办了比 Kap1542 的高是到 3 褶层的 2- 并且被 DHT 4- 导致到 6 褶层的一项基础活动。Kap77 废除了基础倡导者活动,但是被 DHT 仍然导致。结果证明在 vitro, Kap147 是一个最小的调整雄激素的倡导者。在不同房间的短暂 transfection 证明 Kap147 明确地在 PTC 开始了记者基因表示。顺序分析揭示了在位置 −124 和 Kap147 的 −39 定位的二潜在的 AREs。Mutational 试金证明仅仅在 −124 的 ARE 在好房间涉及雄激素反应。Electrophoretic 活动性移动试金也证实 −124 雄激素受体明确地一定。在结论,我们定义可以是为肾的学习的一个好模型的最小的 Kap147 倡导者在 vivo 导致一只雄激素特定的应答的海角的 PTC 特定的表示和分子的机制。 | Liqiang Fan Dianne O Hardy James F Catteral Jian Zhao Suxia Li | 2008 | Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica2008，40，12： | 4 |
| 9 | 经颈内静脉肝内门腔分流术远期疗效分析显示文摘目的:探讨经颈静脉肝内门脉分流术(TIPS)后病人的远期分流道通畅率,生存期和生活质量。材料及方法:51例TIPS术后病人,随访时间平均为16.8±12.8月(1天-49月),用Kaplan-Meier法分析TIPS后病人的远期生存率,和分流道通畅率。用COX模型将生存期和通畅率与Child~Pugh肝功能分级和主要症状作相关分析,并预测影响生存期和分流道通畅率的因素。用SF~36问卷评估病人的生活质量。结果:1-4年累计生存率分别为65%,56%,32%,19%。累计原发通畅率分别为65%,56%,32%,19%。42个月原发再次通畅率为94%,18个月4继发通畅率为7l%。肝功能Child-Pugh分级与累积生存率有显著性差异。影响TIPS术后90天生存率的相关因素有:酒精性肝硬化,腹水,急性出血,分流腔道直径,静脉曲张需栓塞者,肝性脑病,分流通道再狭窄及再发出血。TIPS术后生活质量的所有9项指标均较术前提高,其中4项有显著性差异。结论:TIPS对控制出血,腹水及改善近期生活质量有肯定的疗效,但是对病人远期生活率的确切作用尚有待于进一步的研究。 | 滕皋军 Michael A Bettmann Robert F Jeffery James K St.George | 1997 | 介入放射学杂志1997，6，3： | 3 |
| 10 | Heterogeneity in mouse spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia lineages identifies markers of metaplastic progression显示文摘 | Victoria G Weis Josane F Sousa Bonnie J LaFleur Ki Taek Nam Jared A Weis Paul E Finke Nadia A Ameen James G Fox James R Goldenring | 2013 | Gut2013，，9： | 3 |
| 11 | MicroRNA-31 functions as an oncogenic microRNA in mouse and human lung cancer cells by repressing specific tumor suppressors显示文摘 | Liu Xi Sempere Lorenzo F Ouyang Haoxu Memoli Vincent A Andrew Angeline S Luo Yue Demidenko Eugene Korc Murray Shi Wei Preis Meir Dragnev Konstantin H Li Hua DiRenzo James Bak Mads Freemantle Sarah J Kauppinen Sakari Dmitrovsky Ethan | 2010 | Journal of Clinical Investigation2010，，4： | 3 |
| 12 | The prevalence of extraintestinal diseases in inflammatory bowel disease: a population-based study显示文摘 | Charles N Bernstein James F Blanchard Patricia Rawsthorne Nancy Yu | 2001 | The American Journal of Gastroenterology2001，，4： | 3 |
| 13 | Magnitude of modulation of gene expression in aneuploid maize depends on the extent of genomic imbalance显示文摘Aneuploidy has profound effects on an organism,typically more so than polyploidy,and the basis of this contrast is not fully understood.A dosage series of the maize long arm of chromosome 1(1L)was used to compa re relative global gene expression in diffe rent types and degrees of aneuploidy to gain insights into how the magnitude of genomic imbalance as well as hypoploidy affects global gene expression.While previously available methods require a selective examination of specific genes,RNA sequencing provides a whole-genome view of gene expression in aneuploids.Most studies of global aneuploidy effects have concentrated on individual types of aneuploids because multiple dose aneuploidies of the same genomic region are difficult to produce in most model genetic organisms.The genetic toolkit of maize allows the examination of multiple ploidies and 1-4 doses of chromosome arms.Thus,a detailed examination of expression changes both on the varied chromosome arms and elsewhere in the genome is possible,in both hypoploids and hyperploids,compared with euploid controls.Previous studies observed the inverse trans effect,in which genes not varied in DNA dosage were expressed in a negative relationship to the varied chromosomal region.This response was also the major type of changes found globally in this study.Many genes varied in dosage showed proportional expression changes,though some were seen to be partly or fully dosage compensated.It was also found that the effects of aneuploidy were progressive,with more severe aneuploids producing effects of greater magnitude. | Adam F·Johnson Jie Hou Hua Yang Xiaowen Shi Chen Chen Md Soliman Islam Tieming Ji Jianlin Cheng James A·Birchler | 2020 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2020，47，2： | 3 |
| 14 | 骨折愈合后 拆除内固定是否有益?显示文摘对5项病例系列研究和2项回顾性队列研究总结后发现,几乎50%的患者在没有明确指征的情况下将内固定去除,这些患者中约有半数疼痛有所缓解,但也有患者存在内固定去除后疼痛加剧。去除固定是否会减轻疼痛,目前并不清楚。在几项研究中发现, | James F Kellam 王簕(译) 杨云峰(译) | 2010 | 中华创伤骨科杂志2010，12，4： | 3 |
| 15 | Resection of pancreatic cystic neoplasms in recurrent acute pancreatitis prevents recurrent pancreatitis but does not identify more malignancies显示文摘BACKGROUND Recurrent acute pancreatitis(RAP)may be a presenting feature of and an indication for resection of pancreatic cysts,including intra-ductal papillary mucinous neoplasm(IPMN).Few data are available regarding the prevalence of malignancy and post-operative RAP in this population.AIM To study the role of resection to help prevent RAP and analyze if presentation as RAP would be a predictor for malignancy.METHODS This retrospective study assessed 172 patients who underwent surgical resection of pancreatic cystic neoplasms at a university hospital between 2002 and 2016.The prevalence of preoperative high-risk cyst features,and of neoplasia was compared between patients with and without RAP.To identify the cause of pancreatitis,all the patients had a detailed history of alcohol,smoking,medications obtained,and had cross-sectional imaging(contrast-enhanced computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging)and endoscopic ultrasound to look for gallstone etiology and other structural causes for pancreatitis.The incidence of RAP post-resection was the primary outcome.RESULTS IPMN accounted for 101 cases(58.7%){[branch duct(BD)59(34.3%),main duct(MD)42](24.4%)}.Twenty-nine(16.9%)presented with RAP(mean 2.2 episodes):15 had BD-IPMN,8 MD-IPMN,5 mucinous cystic neoplasm and 1 serous cystic neoplasm.Malignancy was similar among those with vs without RAP for all patients[6/29(20.7%)vs 24/143(16.8%)]and IPMN patients[6/23(26.1%)vs 23/78(29.5%)],although tended to be higher with RAP in BD-IPMN,[5/15(33.3%)vs 3/44(6.8%),P=0.04].At mean follow-up of 7.2 years,1(3.4%)RAP patient had post-resection RAP.The mean episodes of acute pancreatitis before vs after surgery were 3.4 vs 0.02(P<0.0001).CONCLUSION Malignancy was not increased in patients with pancreatic cystic neoplasms who have RAP compared to those without RAP.In addition,specific cyst characteristics were not clearly associated with RAP.The incidence of RAP was markedly decreased in almost all patients following cyst resection. | Thiruvengadam Muniraj Harry R Aslanian Loren Laine Priya A Jamidar James F Farrell Kisha A Mitchell Ronald R Salem | 2021 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2021，27，15： | 3 |
| 16 | Stratification of outcomes for mucinous appendiceal adenocarcinoma with peritoneal metastasis by histological grade显示文摘AIM To investigate the importance of a three-tiered histologic grade on outcomes for patients with mucinous appendiceal adenocarcinoma(MAA).METHODS Two hundred and sixty-five patients with MAA undergoing cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy were identified from a prospective database from 2004 through 2014. All pathology was reviewed by our gastrointestinal subspecialty pathologists and histological grade was classified as well-differentiated, moderately differentiated, and poorly differentiated. Survival analysis was performed using Cox proportional hazards regression.RESULTS There were 201(75.8%) well-, 45(16.9%) moderatelyand 19(7.2%) poorly-differentiated tumors. Histological grade significantly stratified the 5-year overall survival(OS), 94%, 71% and 30% respectively(P < 0.001) as well as the 5-year disease-free survival(DFS) 66%, 21% and 0%, respectively(P < 0.001). Independent predictors of DFS included tumor grade(HR = 1.78, 95%CI: 1.21-2.63, P = 0.008), lymph node involvement(HR = 0.33, 95%CI: 0.11-0.98, P < 0.02), previous surgical score(HR = 1.31, 95%CI: 1.1-1.65, P = 0.03) and peritoneal carcinomatosis index(PCI)(HR = 1.05, 95%CI: 1.02-1.08, P = 0.002). Independent predictors of OS include tumor grade(HR = 2.79, 95%CI: 1.26-6.21, P = 0.01), PCI(HR = 1.10, 95%CI: 1.03-1.16, P = 0.002), and complete cytoreduction(HR = 0.32, 95%CI: 0.11-0.92, P = 0.03). Tumor grade and PCI were the only independent predictors of both DFS and OS. Furthermore, histological grade and lymphovascular invasion stratified the risk of lymph node metastasis into a low(6%) and high(40%) risk groups. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrates that moderately differentiated MAA have a clinical behavior and outcome that is distinct from well-and poorly-differentiated MAA. The threetier grade classification provides improved prognostic stratification and should be incorporated into patient selection and treatment algorithms. | Travis Edward Grotz Richard E Royal Paul F Mansfield Michael James Overman Gary N Mann Kristen Ashlee Robinson Karen A Beaty Safiea Rafeeq Auerlio Matamoros Michelle W Taggart Keith Francis Fournier | 2017 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2017，9，9： | 2 |
| 17 | Standardized measurement of the future liver remnant prior to extended liver resection: Methodology and clinical associations显示文摘 | Jean-Nicolas Vauthey Amin Chaoui Kim-Anh Do Malcolm M Bilimoria Marc J Fenstermacher Chuslip Charnsangavej Marshall Hicks Guido Alsfasser Gregory Lauwers Irvin F Hawkins James Caridi | 2000 | Surgery2000，，5： | 2 |
| 18 | Axitinib treatment in patients with cytokine-refractory metastatic renal-cell cancer: a phase II study显示文摘 | Olivier Rixe Ronald M Bukowski M Dror Michaelson George Wilding Gary R Hudes Oliver Bolte Robert J Motzer Paul Bycott Katherine F Liau James Freddo Peter C Trask Sinil Kim Brian I Rini | 2007 | Lancet Oncology2007，，： | 2 |
| 19 | The safety of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for the treatment of HIV infection in adults: the first 4 years显示文摘 | Mark R Nelson Christine Katlama Julio S Montaner David A Cooper Brian Gazzard Bonaventura Clotet Adriano Lazzarin Knud Schewe Joep Lange Christina Wyatt Sue Curtis Shan-Shan Chen Stephen Smith Norbert Bischofberger James F Rooney | 2007 | AIDS2007，，10： | 2 |
| 20 | Ventricular repolarization components on the electrocardiogram显示文摘 | Gan-Xin Yan Ramarao S Lankipalli James F Burke Simone Musco Peter R Kowey | 2003 | Journal of the American College of Cardiology2003，，： | 2 |
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