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| 1 | NS1 antigen: A new beam of light in the early diagnosis of dengue infection显示文摘Objective: To evaluate NS1 antigen detection ELISA for the early laboratory diagnosis of dengue virus infection. Methods: The present study was conducted to evaluate the overall positivity of NS1 antigen detection ELISA and its comparison with viral RNA detection via real time PCR and Ig M antibodies detection by ELISA. Results: A total of 1 270 serum samples were tested 86%(1 097/1 270) were detected positive by one or more than one diagnostic test. Out of 1 270, 64%(807/1 270) were positive by NS1 ELISA and 52%(662/1 270), 51%(646/1 270) were positive by real-time RT-PCR and Ig M ELISA respectively.Conclusions: NS1 antigen detection ELISA is highly suitable diagnostic tools and it also has great value for use in outbreak and epidemic situation. | Muhammad Suleman Rani Faryal Muhammad Masroor Alam Salmaan Sharif Shahzad Shaukat Uzma Bashir Aamir Adnan Khurshid Mehar Angez Massab Umair Mian Muhammad Sufian Yasir Arshad Ghulam Mujtaba Syed Sohail Zahoor Zaidi | 2016 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2016，9，12： | 6 |
| 2 | Snowmelt runoff prediction under changing climate in the Himalayan cryosphere: A case of Gilgit River Basin显示文摘There are serious concerns of rise in temperatures over snowy and glacierized Himalayan region that may eventually affect future river flows of Indus river system. It is therefore necessary to predict snow and glacier melt runoff to manage future water resource of Upper Indus Basin(UIB). The snowmelt runoff model(SRM) coupled with MODIS remote sensing data was employed in this study to predict daily discharges of Gilgit River in the Karakoram Range. The SRM was calibrated successfully and then simulation was made over four years i.e. 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010 achieving coefficient of model efficiency of 0.96, 0.86, 0.9 and 0.94 respectively. The scenarios of precipitation and mean temperature developed from regional climate model PRECIS were used in SRM model to predict future flows of Gilgit River. The increase of 3 C in mean annual temperature by the end of 21 th century may result in increase of 35-40% in Gilgit River flows. The expected increase in the surface runoff from the snow and glacier melt demands better water conservation and management for irrigation and hydel-power generation in the Indus basin in future. | Muhammad Adnan Ghulam Nabi Muhammad Saleem Poomee Arshad Ashraf | 2017 | Geoscience Frontiers2017，8，5： | 4 |
| 3 | Gene-gene,gene-environment,gene-nutrient interactions and single nucleotide polymorphisms of inflammatory cytokines显示文摘Inflammation plays a significant role in the etiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).The rise in the pro-inflammatory cytokines is the essential step in glucotoxicity and lipotoxicity induced mitochondrial injury,oxidative stress and beta cell apoptosis in T2 DM.Among the recognized markers are interleukin(IL)-6,IL-1,IL-10,IL-18,tissue necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α),C-reactive protein,resistin,adiponectin,tissue plasminogen activator,fibrinogen and heptoglobins.Diabetes mellitus has firm genetic and very strong environmental influence; exhibiting a polygenic mode of inheritance.Many single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) in various genes including those of pro and antiinflammatory cytokines have been reported as a risk for T2 DM.Not all the SNPs have been confirmed by unifying results in different studies and wide variations have been reported in various ethnic groups.The inter-ethnic variations can be explained by the fact that gene expression may be regulated by gene-gene,gene-environment and gene-nutrient interactions.This review highlights the impact of these interactions on determining the role of single nucleotide polymorphism of IL-6,TNF-α,resistin and adiponectin in pathogenesis of T2 DM. | Amina Nadeem Sadaf Mumtaz Abdul Khaliq Naveed Muhammad Aslam Arif Siddiqui Ghulam Mustafa Lodhi Tausif Ahmad | 2015 | World Journal of Diabetes2015，6，4： | 4 |
| 4 | Antimicrobial chemical constituents from endophytic fungus Phoma sp.显示文摘Objective:To evaluate the antiniicrobial polenlial of different extracts of the endophytic fungus Phoma sp.and the tentative identification of their active constituents.Methods:The extract and compounds were screened for antimicrobial activity using the Agar Well Diffusion Method.Four compounds were purified using column chromatography and tlieir structures were assigned using~1H and~(13)C NMR spectra,DEPT,2D COSY,HMQC and HMBC experiments.Results:The ethyl acetate fraction of Phoma sp.showed good antifungal,antibacterial,and algicidal properties.One new dihydrofuran derivative,named phomafuranol(1),together with tliree known compounds,phomalacton(2),(3R)-5-hydroxymellein(3)and emodin(4)were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of Phoma sp.Preliminary studies indicated that phomalacton(2)displayed strong antibacterial,good antifungal and antialgal activities.Similarly(3R)-5-hydroxymellein(3)and emodin(4)showed good antifungal,antibacterial and algicidal properties.Conclusions:Antimicrobial activities of the ethyl acetate fraction of the endophytic fungus Phoma sp.and isolated compounds clearly demonstrate that Phoma sp.and its active compounds represent a great potential for the food,cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. | Hidayat Hussain Ines Kock Ahmed Al-Harrasi Ahmed Al-Rawahi Ghulam Abbas Ivan R.Green Afzal Shah Amin Badshah Muhammad Saleem Siegfried Draeger Barbara Schulz Karsten Krohn | 2014 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2014，7，9： | 3 |
| 5 | Rice molecular markers and genetic mapping:Current status and prospects显示文摘Dramatic changes in climatic conditions that supplement the biotic and abiotic stresses pose severe threat to the sustainable rice production and have made it a difficult task for rice molecular breeders to enhance production and productivity under these stress factors. The main focus of rice molecular breeders is to understand the fundamentals of molecular pathways involved in complex agronomic traits to increase the yield. The availability of complete rice genome sequence and recent improvements in rice genomics research has made it possible to detect and map accurately a large number of genes by using linkage to DNA markers. Linkage mapping is an effective approach to identify the genetic markers which are co-segregating with target traits within the family. The ideas of genetic diversity, quantitative trait locus(QTL) mapping, and marker-assisted selection(MAS) are evolving into more efficient concepts of linkage disequilibrium(LD) also called association mapping and genomic selection(GS), respectively. The use of cost-effective DNA markers derived from the fine mapped position of the genes for important agronomic traits will provide opportunities for breeders to develop high-yielding, stress-resistant, and better quality rice cultivars. Here we focus on the progress of molecular marker technologies, their application in genetic mapping and evolution of association mapping techniques in rice. | Ghulam Shabir Kashif Aslam Abdul Rehman Khan Muhammad Shahid Hamid Manzoor Sibgha Noreen Mueen Alam Khan Muhammad Baber Muhammad Sabar Shahid Masood Shah Muhammad Arif | 2017 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2017，16，9： | 2 |
| 6 | Mango Leaf Disease Identification Using Fully Resolution Convolutional Network显示文摘Due to the high demand for mango and being the king of all fruits,it is the need of the hour to curb its diseases to fetch high returns.Automatic leaf disease segmentation and identification are still a challenge due to variations in symptoms.Accurate segmentation of the disease is the key prerequisite for any computer-aided system to recognize the diseases,i.e.,Anthracnose,apicalnecrosis,etc.,of a mango plant leaf.To solve this issue,we proposed a CNN based Fully-convolutional-network(FrCNnet)model for the segmentation of the diseased part of the mango leaf.The proposed FrCNnet directly learns the features of each pixel of the input data after applying some preprocessing techniques.We evaluated the proposed FrCNnet on the real-time dataset provided by the mango research institute,Multan,Pakistan.To evaluate the proposed model results,we compared the segmentation performance with the available state-of-the-art models,i.e.,Vgg16,Vgg-19,and Unet.Furthermore,the proposed model’s segmentation accuracy is 99.2%with a false negative rate(FNR)of 0.8%,which is much higher than the other models.We have concluded that by using a FrCNnet,the input image could learn better features that are more prominent and much specific,resulting in an improved and better segmentation performance and diseases’identification.Accordingly,an automated approach helps pathologists and mango growers detect and identify those diseases. | Rabia Saleem Jamal Hussain Shah Muhammad Sharif Ghulam Jillani Ansari | 2021 | Computers, Materials & Continua2021，，12： | 2 |
| 7 | 生物入侵过程中的植物-土壤反馈:一种入侵植物的凋落物分解对其本地近缘植物的影响显示文摘植物入侵可通过正或负的植物-土壤反馈效应改变土壤的生物和非生物性质,从而影响入侵栖息地的土壤理化性质。许多入侵物种的凋落物分解可增加土壤养分,降低本地植物多样性,并导致进一步的植物入侵。关于入侵植物凋落物在不同土壤类型及深度分解及反馈效应的研究依然很少。本研究旨在明确入侵植物南美蟛蜞菊(Sphagneticola trilobata)凋落物在不同土壤类型和不同土壤深度条件下的分解情况及其对本地近缘植物蟛蜞菊(S.calendulacea)生理生长的影响。将装有南美蟛蜞菊凋落物的尼龙袋加入到不同深度(即0、2、4和6 cm)的砂土、营养土和粘土中,经6个月的分解后,回收凋落物袋并计算分解速率,随后在凋落物分解处理后的土壤中种植本地蟛蜞菊,并在生长期结束时测量其生理生态指标。研究结果表明,所有处理土壤类型中,凋落物在土壤深度为2和4 cm处分解后显著增加了土壤养分,而对本地蟛蜞菊的叶片叶绿素、叶氮含量等生长指标表现为负效应。因此,入侵植物南美蟛蜞菊凋落物分解对土壤养分表现为正的反馈效应,而对本地植物蟛蜞菊的生长表现为负效应。我们的研究结果还表明,入侵植物的凋落物分解对土壤和本地物种的影响还因凋落物分解所在的土壤深度而显著不同。未来的研究应侧重于入侵栖息地中更多本地和入侵物种的植物-土壤反馈效应,以及更多土壤类型和土壤深度的入侵植物凋落物效应。 | Jianfan Sun Susan Rutherford Muhammad Saif Ullah Ikram Ullah Qaiser Javed Ghulam Rasool Muhammad Ajmal Ahmad Azeem Muhammad Junaid Nazir Daolin Du | 2022 | Journal of Plant Ecology2022，15，3： | 2 |
| 8 | Morphometry of leaf and shoot variables to assess aboveground biomass structure and carbon sequestration by different varieties of white mulberry(Morus alba L.)显示文摘Mulberry is economically important and can also play a pivotal role in mitigating greenhouse gases.Leaf and shoot traits were measured for Morus alba var.Kanmasi,M.alba var.Karyansuban,M.alba var.Latifolia,and M.alba var.PFI-1 to assess aboveground biomass(AGB)and carbon sequestration.Variety-specific and multivariety allometric AGB models were developed using the equivalent diameter at breast height(EDBH)and plant height(H).The completeharvest method was used to measure leaf and shoot traits and biomass,and the ash method was used to measure organic carbon content.The results showed significant(p<0.01)varietal differences in leaf and shoot traits,AGB and carbon sequestration.PFI-1 variety had the greatest leaf density(mean±SE:1828.3±0.3 leaves tree^(-1)),Karyansuban had the largest mean leaf area(185.94±8.95 cm^(2)).A diminishing return was found between leaf area and leaf density.Latifolia had the highest shoot density per tree(46.6±1.83 shoots tree^(-1)),total shoot length(264.1±2.32 m),dry biomass(16.69±0.58 kg tree^(-1)),carbon sequestration(9.99±0.32 kg tree^(-1))and CO_(2) mitigation(36.67±1.16 kg).The variety-specific AGB models b(EDBH)and b(EDBH)2 showed good fit and reasonable accuracy with a coefficient of determination(R^(2))=0.98-0.99,standard error of estimates(SEE)=0.1125-0.3130 and root mean square error(RMSE)=0.1084-0.3017.The multivariety models bln(EDBH)and(EDBH)0.756 showed good-fitness and accuracy with R^(2)=0.85-0.86,SEE=1.6231-1.6445 and RMSE=1.609-1.630.On the basis of these findings,variety Latifolia has good potential for biomass production,and allometric equations based on EDBH can be used to estimate AGB with a reasonable accuracy. | Ghulam Ali Bajwa Muhammad Umair Yasir Nawab Zahid Rizwan | 2021 | Journal of Forestry Research2021，32，6： | 2 |
| 9 | Anthelmintic activity of Calotropis procera (Ait.) Ait. F. flowers in sheep显示文摘 | Zafar Iqbal Muhammad Lateef Abdul Jabbar Ghulam Muhammad Muhammad Nisar Khan | 2005 | Journal of Ethnopharmacology2005，，2： | 2 |
| 10 | Early selection of bread wheat genotypes using morphological and photosynthetic attributes conferring drought tolerance显示文摘Genetic diversity is the base of any genetic improvement breeding program aimed at stress breeding.The variability among breeding materials is of primary importance in the achievements of a good crop production.Herein,105 wheat genotypes were screened against drought stress using factorial completely randomized design at seedling stage to determine the genetic diversity and traits association conferring drought tolerance.Analysis of variances revealed that all the studied parameters differed significantly among all genotypes,indicating the significance genetic variability existed among all genotypes for studied indices.The 10 best performance genotypes G1,G6,G11,G16,G21,G26,G39,G44,G51,and G61 were screened as drought tolerant,while five lowest performance genotypes G3,G77,G91,G98,and G105 were screened as drought susceptible.Root length,chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,and carotenoid contents were significantly correlated among themselves which exhibited the importance of these indices for rainfed areas in future wheat breeding scheme.Shoot length exhibited non-significant and negative association with other studied traits,and its selection seems not to be a promising criteria for this germplasm for drought stress.Best performance genotypes under drought stress conditions will be useful in future wheat breeding program and early selection will be effective for developing high yielding and drought tolerant wheat varieties. | Hafiz Ghulam Muhu-Din Ahmed Abdus Salam khan LI Ming-ju Sultan Habibullah Khan Muhammad Kashif | 2019 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2019，18，11： | 2 |
| 11 | Darcy-Forchheimer relation in Casson type MHD nanofluid flow over non-linear stretching surface显示文摘Present article aims to discuss the characteristics of Casson type nanofluid maintained to flow through porous medium over non-linear stretching surface in the perspective of heat and mass transfer developments.A Casson type incompressible viscous nanofluid passes through the given porous medium via Darcy-Forchheimer relation.Slip boundary conditions are used for velocity,temperature and concentration of the nanoparticles.Brownian diffusion and thermophoresis is attended.An induced magnetic field effect is involved to accentuate the thermo-physical characteristics of the nanofluid.The model incorporates boundary layer formulations and small magnetic Reynolds for practical validity.A fourth order Runge-Kutta(RK)scheme is enforced to solve the system numerically.Graphs are prepared for various progressive values of non-dimensionalized parameters whereas;variation in wall drag factor,heat and mass transfer rates is analyzed through numerical data.Results indicate that momentum boundary layer reduces for stronger inertial impact and the resistance offered by the porous media to the fluid flow.Temperature is found as a progressive function for the Brownianmotion factor and thermophoresis.The magnitude of wall drag factor,heat transfer and masstransfer rates shows reduction for progressive values of slip parameters. | Ghulam Rasool Ali J.Chamkha Taseer Muhammad Anum Shafiq Ilyas Khan | 2020 | Propulsion and Power Research2020，9，2： | 2 |
| 12 | Highly active sites of NiVB nanoparticles dispersed onto graphene nanosheets towards efficient and pH-universal overall water splitting显示文摘Production of hydrogen(H2) and oxygen(O2) through electrocatalytic water splitting is one of the sustainable,green and pivotal ways to accomplish the ever-increasing demands for renewable energy sources,but remains a big challenge because of the uphill reaction during overall water splitting.Herein,we develop high-performance non-noble metal electrocatalysts for pH-universal water splitting,based on nickel/vanadium boride(NiVB) nanoparticles/reduced graphene oxide(rGO) hybrid(NiVB/rGO)through a facile chemical reduction approach under ambient condition.By virtue of more exposure to surface active sites,superior electron transfer capability and strong electronic coupling,the asprepared NiVB/rGO heterostructure needs pretty low overpotentials of 267 and 151 mV to deliver a current density of 10 mA cm^(-2) for oxygen evolution reaction(OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)respectively,with the corresponding Tafel slope of 44 and 88 mV dec^(-1) in 1.0 M KOH.Moreover,the NiVB/rGO electrocatalysts display a promising performance in a wide-pH conditions that require low overpotential of 310,353 and 489 mV to drive a current density of 10 mA cm^(-2) for OER under 0.5 M KOH,0.05 M H2SO4 and 1.0 M phosphate buffer solution(PBS) respectively,confirming the excellent electrocata lytic performance among state-of-the-art Ni-based electrocatalysts for overall water splitting.Therefore,the interfacial tuning based on incorporation of active heterostructure may pave a new route to develop bifunctional,cost-effective and efficient electrocatalyst systems for water splitting and H2 production. | Muhammad Arif Ghulam Yasin Muhammad Shakeel Muhammad Asim Mushtaq Wen Ye Xiaoyu Fang Shengfu Ji Dongpeng Yan | 2021 | Journal of Energy Chemistry2021，30，7： | 1 |
| 13 | Prediction of Anoxic Sulfide Biooxidation Under Various HRTs Using Artificial Neural Networks显示文摘Objective During present investigation the data of a laboratory-scale anoxic sulfide oxidizing (ASO) reactor were used in a neural network system to predict its performance. Methods Five uncorrelated components of the influent wastewater were used as the artificial neural network model input to predict the output of the effluent using back-propagation and general regression algorithms. The best prediction performance is achieved when the data are preprocessed using principal components analysis (PCA) before they are fed to a back propagated neural network. Results Within the range of experimental conditions tested, it was concluded that the ANN model gave predictable results for nitrite removal from wastewater through ASO process. The model did not predict the formation of sulfate to an acceptable manner. Conclusion Apart from experimentation, ANN model can help to simulate the results of such experiments in finding the best optimal choice for ASO based denitrification. Together with wastewater collection and the use of improved treatment systems and new technologies, better control of wastewater treatment plant (WTP) can lead to more effective maneuvers by its operators and, as a consequence, better effluent quality. | QAISAR MAHMOOD PING ZHENG DONG-LEI WU XU-SHENG WANG HAYAT YOUSAF EJAZ UL-ISLAM MUHAMMAD JAFFAR HASSAN GHULAM JILANI MUHAMMAD RASHID AZIM | 2007 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2007，20，5： | 1 |
| 14 | A union authenti- cation protocol of cross-domain based on bilinear pairing显示文摘 | Hao Shen-gang Li Zhang Ghulam Muhammad | 2013 | Jour- nal of Software2013，8，5： | 1 |
| 15 | In vitro and in vivo acaricidal activity of a herbal extract显示文摘 | Muhammad Arfan Zaman Zafar Iqbal Rao Zahid Abbas Muhammad Nisar Khan Ghulam Muhammad Muhammad Younus Sibtain Ahmed | 2011 | Veterinary Parasitology (-)2011，，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Proteomic anal- ysis of rice leaf sheath during drought stress显示文摘 | Ghulam Muhammad Ali Setsuko Komatsu | 2006 | Journal of Proteome Research2006，5，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Antiglioma immunological memory in response to conditional cytotoxic/immune-stimulatory genetherapy:humoral and cellular immunity lead to tumor regression 显示文摘 | Ghulam Muhammad AK Candolfi M King GD | 2009 | Clin Cancer Res2009，15，19： | 1 |
| 18 | Biodiesel production from microalgal isolates of southern Pakistan and quantification of FAMEs by GC-MS/MS analysis显示文摘 | Syed Ghulam Musharraf Muhammad Arif Ahmed Noureen Zehra Nurul Kabir M Iqbal Choudhary Atta-ur Rahman | 2012 | Chemistry Central Journal2012，，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Seroprevalence of Babesia caballi and Theileria equi in five draught equine populated metropolises of Punjab, Pakistan显示文摘 | Muhammad Hammad Hussain Muhammad Saqib Fahad Raza Ghulam Muhammad Muhammad Nadeem Asi Muhammad Khalid Mansoor Muhammad Saleem Abdul Jabbar | 2014 | Veterinary Parasitology2014，，： | 1 |
| 20 | Seasonal history and biology of cotton mealy bug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley 显示文摘 | Ghulam M A Zafarullah S Muhammad S | 2009 | Journal of Agriculture Research2009，47，4： | 1 |
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