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| 1 | GRADE指南:Ⅴ.证据质量评价--发表偏倚显示文摘GRADE方法中,随机试验起评即为高质量证据,观察性研究起评即为低质量证据;但若证据本身存在高发表偏倚风险,则两者证据质量级别都应降低。即使最佳证据汇总表纳入的各项研究仅有低发表偏倚风险,发表偏倚仍会极大高估效应值。当可得证据来自小样本研究、且多数由厂商资助时,作者应怀疑存在发表偏倚。若干基于检验数据类型的方法可用于评价发表偏倚,其中最常用的为漏斗图,但这些方法都有较大局限。发表偏倚可能较常见,必须特别关注早期结果、对样本量与事件数都很小的早期试验结果尤需小心。 | Gordon H.Guyatt Andrew D.Oxman Victor Montori Gunn Vist Regina Kunz Jan Brozek Pablo Alonso-Coello Ben Djulbegovic David Atkins Yngve Falck-Ytter John W.Williams Jr. Joerg Meerpohl Susan L.Norris Elie A.Akl Holger J.Schünemann 代表GRADE工作组 李幼平 王莉 钟大可 蒋兰慧 | 2011 | 中国循证医学杂志2011，11，12： | 71 |
| 2 | GRADE指南:Ⅳ.证据质量分级--研究的局限性(偏倚风险)显示文摘在GRADE方法中,若多数相关证据来自高偏倚风险的研究,则起初被定为高质量证据的随机试验和低质量证据的观察性研究均有可能被降低质量等级。随机试验已确定的局限性包括:未进行分配隐藏、未实施盲法、未报告失访情况及未恰当考虑意向性治疗原则。最近提出的局限性包括:因明显获益而早期终止试验和基于结果选择性报告结局。观察性研究的主要局限性包括使用不合适的对照及未能充分调整预后的不平衡。偏倚风险可因不同结果而异(如全死因死亡率的失访远少于生命质量的失访),许多系统评价都容易忽略这一点。在决定是否因偏倚风险而降低质量等级时,不管是随机试验还是观察性研究,作者不应采用对各个研究取平均值的方法。相反,对任何单个结果,当同时存在高、低偏倚风险的研究时,则应考虑只纳入较低偏倚风险的研究。 | Gordon H.Guyatt Andrew D.Oxman Gunn Vist Regina Kunz Jan Brozek Pablo Alonso-Coello Victor Montori Elie A.Akl Ben Djulbegovic Yngve Falck-Ytter Susan L.Norris John W.Williams Jr. David Atkins Joerg Meerpohl Holger J.Schünemann GRADE工作组 李幼平 杨晓妍 李鸿浩 李玲 | 2011 | 中国循证医学杂志2011，11，4： | 58 |
| 3 | GRADE指南:Ⅱ.构建问题、确定重要结果显示文摘GRADE要求明确说明相关的背景、人群、干预措施和对照,同时要求不论研究结果能否形成证据,均需详述所有重要结果。对某一特定管理问题,人群、干预措施及结果应在不同研究间足够类似,才能认为得到相似的效应量合乎情理。指南制定者在收集证据前应先详细说明各结局的相对重要性,同样地,证据总结完成时也需要详细说明这一点。考虑到替代结局的重要性,对采用替代指标描述且对患者很重要的结局,作者应评估其重要性,并进而降低这种间接结果的证据质量等级。 | Gordon H.Guyatt Andrew D.Oxman Regina Kunz David Atkins Jan Brozek Gunn Vist Philip Alderson Paul Glasziou Yngve Falck-Ytter Holger J.Schünemann GRADE工作组 李幼平 杨晓妍 陈群飞 | 2011 | 中国循证医学杂志2011，11，4： | 40 |
| 4 | GRADE指南:Ⅸ.证据质量升级显示文摘证据质量升级的最常见原因是效应量大。当方法学严谨的观察性研究表明风险至少降低或增加2倍时,GRADE建议考虑将证据质量升高1级;当风险至少降低或增加5倍时,考虑将证据质量升高2级。当存在剂量-反应关系,或所有合理的混杂、偏倚会降低明显的治疗效应,或混杂、偏倚使得结果无效为假效应时,系统评价作者和指南制定者也可考虑升高证据质量。其他考虑因素包括起效迅速、潜在的疾病(状态)趋势以及间接证据。 | Gordon H.Guyatt Andrew D.Oxman Shahnaz Sultan Paul Glasziou Elie A.Akl Pablo Alonso-Coello David Atkins Regina Kunz Jan Brozek Victor Montori Roman Jaeschke David Rind Philipp Dahm Joerg Meerpohl Gunn Vist Elise Berliner Susan Norris Yngve Falck-Ytter M.Hassan Murad Holger J.Schünemann 代表GRADE工作组 李幼平 杨晓妍 李玲 王应强 | 2011 | 中国循证医学杂志2011，11，12： | 22 |
| 5 | Role of polyethylene particles in peri-prosthetic osteolysis:A review显示文摘There is convincing evidence that particles produced by the wear of joint prostheses are causal in the periprosthetic loss of bone,or osteolysis,which,if it progresses,leads to the phenomenon of aseptic loosening.It is important to fully understand the biology of this bone loss because it threatens prosthesis survival,and loosened implants can result in peri-prosthetic fracture,which is disastrous for the patient and presents a difficult surgical scenario.The focus of this review is the bioactivity of polyethylene(PE)particles,since there is evidence that these are major players in the development and progression of osteolysis around prostheses which use PE as the bearing surface.The review describes the biological consequences of interaction of PE particles with macrophages,osteoclasts and cells of the osteoblast lineage,including osteocytes.It explores the possible cellular mechanisms of action of PE and seeks to use the findings to date to propose potential nonsurgical treatments for osteolysis.In particular,a nonsurgical approach is likely to be applicable to implants containing newer,highly cross-linked PEs(HXLPEs),for which osteolysis seems to occur with much reduced PE wear compared with conventional PEs.The caveat here is that we know little as yet about the bioactivity of HXLPE particles and addressing this constitutes our next challenge. | Gerald J Atkins David R Haynes Donald W Howie David M Findlay | 2011 | World Journal of Orthopedics2011，2，10： | 11 |
| 6 | Eosinophilic esophagitis: Updated consensus recommendations for children and adults显示文摘 | Chris A. Liacouras Glenn T. Furuta Ikuo Hirano Dan Atkins Stephen E. Attwood Peter A. Bonis A. Wesley Burks Mirna Chehade Margaret H. Collins Evan S. Dellon Ranjan Dohil Gary W. Falk Nirmala Gonsalves Sandeep K. Gupta David A. Katzka Alfredo J. Lucendo Jo | 2011 | The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology2011，，1： | 3 |
| 7 | Colorectal cancer显示文摘 | David Cunningham Wendy Atkin Heinz-Josef Lenz Henry T Lynch Bruce Minsky Bernard Nordlinger Naureen Starling | 2010 | The Lancet2010，，9719： | 3 |
| 8 | Computed tomographic colonography versus colonoscopy for investigation of patients with symptoms suggestive of colorectal cancer (SIGGAR): a multicentre randomised trial显示文摘 | Wendy Atkin Edward Dadswell Kate Wooldrage Ines Kralj-Hans Christian von Wagner Rob Edwards Guiqing Yao Clive Kay David Burling Omar Faiz Julian Teare Richard J Lilford Dion Morton Jane Wardle Steve Halligan | 2013 | The Lancet2013，，： | 3 |
| 9 | Computed tomographic colonography versus barium enema for diagnosis of colorectal cancer or large polyps in symptomatic patients (SIGGAR): a multicentre randomised trial显示文摘 | Steve Halligan Kate Wooldrage Edward Dadswell Ines Kralj-Hans Christian von Wagner Rob Edwards Guiqing Yao Clive Kay David Burling Omar Faiz Julian Teare Richard J Lilford Dion Morton Jane Wardle Wendy Atkin | 2013 | The Lancet2013，，： | 2 |
| 10 | Colorectal cancer显示文摘 | David Cunningham Wendy Atkin Heinz-Josef Lenz Henry T Lynch Bruce Minsky Bernard Nordlinger Naureen Starling | 2010 | The Lancet2010，，9719： | 2 |
| 11 | Colorectal cancer显示文摘 | David Cunningham Wendy Atkin Heinz-Josef Lenz Henry T Lynch Bruce Minsky Bernard Nordlinger Naureen Starling | 2010 | The Lancet . 2010 (9719)2010，，9719： | 2 |
| 12 | Reducing Hospital Morbidity and Mortality Following Esophagectomy显示文摘 | B.Zane Atkins Ashish S. Shah Kelley A. Hutcheson Jennifer H. Mangum Theodore N. Pappas David H. Harpole Thomas A. D’Amico | 2004 | The Annals of Thoracic Surgery2004，，4： | 2 |
| 13 | Interlocking Directorates : A Strategy for Reducing Environmental Un - certainty显示文摘 | F David Schoorman Max H Bazerman Robert S Atkin | 1981 | A- cademy of Management1981，6，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Eosinophilic esophagitis: Updated consensus recommendations for children and adults显示文摘 | Chris A. Liacouras Glenn T. Furuta Ikuo Hirano Dan Atkins Stephen E. Attwood Peter A. Bonis A. Wesley Burks Mirna Chehade Margaret H. Collins Evan S. Dellon Ranjan Dohil Gary W. Falk Nirmala Gonsalves Sandeep K. Gupta David A. Katzka Alfredo J. Lucendo Jo | 2011 | The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology2011，，1： | 1 |
| 15 | The proliferation and phenotypic expression of human osteoblasts on tantalum metal显示文摘 | David M Findlay Katie Welldon Gerald J Atkins Donald W Howie Andrew C.W Zannettino Dennis Bobyn | 2003 | Biomaterials2003，，12： | 1 |
| 16 | Biocompatible polymer coating of titania nanotube arrays for improved drug elution and osteoblast adhesion显示文摘 | Karan Gulati Saminathan Ramakrishnan Moom Sinn Aw Gerald J. Atkins David M. Findlay Dusan Losic | 2011 | Acta Biomaterialia2011，，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Vitamin D Receptor-Mediated Stromal Reprogramming Suppresses Pancreatitis and Enhances Pancreatic Cancer Therapy显示文摘 | Mara H. Sherman Ruth T. Yu Dannielle D. Engle Ning Ding Annette R. Atkins Herve Tiriac Eric A. Collisson Frances Connor Terry Van Dyke Serguei Kozlov Philip Martin Tiffany W. Tseng David W. Dawson Timothy R. Donahue Atsushi Masamune Tooru Shimosegawa Mino | 2014 | Cell2014，，： | 1 |
| 18 | Improved Obesity Reduction and Co-morbidity Resolution in Patients Treated with 40-French Bougie Versus 50-French Bougie Four Years after Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy. Analysis of 294 Patients显示文摘 | Emily R. Atkins David B. Preen Catherine Jarman Leon D. Cohen | 2012 | Obesity Surgery2012，，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Sclerostin is a locally acting regulator of late‐osteoblast/preosteocyte differentiation and regulates mineralization through a MEPE‐ASARM‐dependent mechanism显示文摘 | Gerald J Atkins Peter S Rowe Hui P Lim Katie J Welldon Renee Ormsby Asiri R Wijenayaka Lesya Zelenchuk Andreas Evdokiou David M Findlay | 2011 | J Bone Miner Res2011，，7： | 1 |
| 20 | Irregularity Index: A New Border Irregularity Measure for Cutaneous Lesions显示文摘 | Lee T K David M Atkins M S | 2003 | Journal of Medical Image Analysis2003，71，1： | 1 |
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