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| 1 | 卒中相关性肺炎的诊断卒中肺炎共识小组的推荐意见显示文摘背景和目的下呼吸道感染常并发于卒中并对转归造成不利影响。对于并发于卒中的下呼吸道感染性疾病,目前尚无公认的专业术语或诊断金标准,这导致临床诊疗和研究受到影响。本共识旨在提出急性卒中并发下呼吸道感染的标准化术语和可操作性诊断标准。方法对多个文献数据库进行系统检索,经过证据回顾和2轮讨论,最后于2014年9月在英国曼彻斯特召开共识会议,经75%以上共识小组成员达成一致意见后形成共识。结果达成的共识如下:(1)推荐使用卒中相关性肺炎(stroke-associated pneumonia, SAP )作为卒中发病后7 d内发生的下呼吸道感染性疾病的专业术语。(2)提议对 SAP 使用经过改良的美国疾病控制预防中心(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC)诊断标准:①很可能的 SAP:符合 CDC 诊断标准,但复查或动态监测胸部 X 片仍缺乏典型改变;②确诊的 SAP:符合 CDC 诊断标准,且胸部 X 片有典型改变。(3)关于白细胞计数或 C反应蛋白在 SAP 诊断中的作用证据有限。(4)其他生物学标记物(如降钙素原)的证据不足。结论提议根据 CDC 诊断标准对 SAP 的术语和诊断制定可操作性的共识标准,需要在卒中患者中进行前瞻性研究来确定其信度、效度以及对医生行为(包括抗生素选择)和临床转归的影响。 | Craig J. Smith Amit K Kishore Andy Vail Angel Chamorro Javier Garau Stephen J. Hopkins Mario Di Napoli Lalit Kalra Peter Langhorne Joan Montaner Christine Roffe Anthony G. Rudd Pippa J. TyrreU Diederik van de Peek Mark Woodhead Andreas Meisel 范琳琳 宿英英 | 2016 | 国际脑血管病杂志2016，24，2： | 17 |
| 2 | 红曲对中度血脂升高美国人调节血脂作用的临床研究显示文摘[目的]评价在饮食控制的情况下红曲(RYRCholestin)对美国高血脂人群的降脂作用和安全性。[方法]开放标记,自身对照,多中心临床试验。187名美国高血脂人群入选(血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇3.50—4.92mmol/L,总胆固醇5.18—7.25mmol/L;男116人,女71人),162入完成试验。在整个试验中受试者遵照美国国家胆固醇教育计划的饮食要求。试验的前4周仅控制饮食,第5周至第12周连续服用8周RYRCholestin(每日2.4g)。[结果]经前4周饮食控制,血清脂质各指标无显著变化。口服RYRCholestin8周后,血清总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和三酰甘油分别降低16.6%,24.O%和25.2%,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇升高14.3%(P〈0.001)。显效率为79.0%,有效率为97.5%。停服14d(2周)后,血脂各指标回到试验前水平。试验中共发现可能与服用产品相关的、轻度的29项不良反应。[结论]RYRCholestin的耐受性良好,它可降低血清总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和三酰甘油,升高血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇。停服2用后受试者的血脂各项指标均恢复到试验前水平。 | 陆继红 Kermit Bonovich Harry Colfer Michael Davidson Carlos A.Dujovne David L.Fried Mitchell Greenspan Ronald P.Karlsberg Stephen P.King Craig F.LaForce Marc Litt J.Robert McGhee 曾润海 朱佳石 谈宁芝 | 2013 | 上海预防医学2013，25，9： | 5 |
| 3 | Adverse Effects of Low Dose Amiodarone: A Meta-Analysis显示文摘 | Vicken R Vorperian Thomas C Havighurst Stephen Miller Craig T January | 1997 | Journal of the American College of Cardiology1997，，3： | 2 |
| 4 | Management of Newly Diagnosed Symptomatic Multiple Myeloma: Updated Mayo Stratification of Myeloma and Risk-Adapted Therapy (mSMART) Consensus Guidelines 2013显示文摘 | Joseph R. Mikhael David Dingli Vivek Roy Craig B. Reeder Francis K. Buadi Suzanne R. Hayman Angela Dispenzieri Rafael Fonseca Taimur Sher Robert A. Kyle Yi Lin Stephen J. Russell Shaji Kumar P. Leif Bergsagel Steven R. Zeldenrust Nelson Leung Matthew T. D | 2013 | Mayo Clinic Proceedings2013，，4： | 2 |
| 5 | Do medical students studying in the United Kingdom have an adequate factual knowledge of basic life support?显示文摘BACKGROUND: Healthcare professionals have a duty to maintain basic life support(BLS) skills. This study aims to evaluate medical students' factual knowledge of BLS and the training they receive.METHODS: A cross-sectional, closed-response questionnaire was distributed to the fi rst-and fourth-year students studying at institutions in the United Kingdom. The paper questionnaire sought to quantify respondent's previous BLS training, factual knowledge of the BLS algorithm using five multiple choice questions(MCQs), and valuate their desire for further BLS training. Students received 1 point for each correctly identifi ed answer to the 5 MCQ's.RESULTS: A total of 3,732 complete responses were received from 21 medical schools. Eighty percent(n=2,999) of students completed a BLS course as part of their undergraduate medical studies. There was a signifi cant difference(P<0.001) in the percentage of the fourth-year students selecting the correct answer in all the MCQ's compared to the fi rst-year students except in identifyingthe correct depth of compressions required during CPR(P=0.095). Overall 10.3%(95% CI 9.9% to 10.7%) of respondents correctly identified the answer to 5 MCQ's on BLS: 9% of the first-year students(n=194) and 12% of the fourth-year students(n=190). On an institutional level the proportion of students answering all MCQ's correctly ranged from 2% to 54% at different universities. Eighty-one percent of students(n=3,031) wished for more BLS training in their curriculum.CONCLUSION: Factual knowledge of BLS is poor among medical students in the UK. There is a disparity in standards of knowledge across institutions and respondents indicating that they would like more training. | Robert D.Willmore Damjan Veljanoski Feray Ozdes Bethan Stephens James Mooney Seamus G.Crumley Arpan Doshi Philippa Davies Shreya Badhrinarayanan Emily Day Kristian Tattam April Wilson Nathan Crang Lorna Green Craig A.Mounsey Howell Fu Joseph Williams Michelle S.D'souza Dhanya Sebastian Liam A.Mcgiveron Matthew G.Percy James Cohen Imogen J.John Alice Lethbridge Imogen Watkins Omar Amin Mubasher A.Qamar John Gerrard Hanrahan Emily Cramond-Wong | 2019 | World Journal of Emergency Medicine2019，10，2： | 2 |
| 6 | Epidemiological investigation of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in salt water net-pen reared Atlantic salmon in British Columbia, Canada显示文摘 | Sophie St-Hilaire Carl S Ribble Craig Stephen Eric Anderson Gael Kurath Michael L Kent | 2002 | Aquaculture2002，，1： | 2 |
| 7 | Political efficacy and trust: A report on the NES pilot study items显示文摘 | Stephen C. Craig Richard G. Niemi Glenn E. Silver | 1990 | Political Behavior1990，，3： | 2 |
| 8 | CD8+ T Lymphocytes Regulate the Arteriogenic Response to Ischemia by Infiltrating the Site of Collateral Vessel Development and Recruiting CD4+ Mononuclear Cells Through the Expression of Interleukin-16显示文摘 | Eugenio Stabile Timothy Kinnaird Andrea la Sala Sue Kim Hanson Craig Watkins Umberto Campia Matie Shou Stephan Zbinden Shmuel Fuchs Hardy Kornfeld Stephen E. Epstein Mary Susan Burnett | 2006 | Circulation2006，，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Cyclosporine for Ocular Inflammatory Diseases显示文摘 | R. Oktay Ka?maz John H. Kempen Craig Newcomb Ebenezer Daniel Sapna Gangaputra Robert B. Nussenblatt James T. Rosenbaum Eric B. Suhler Jennifer E. Thorne Douglas A. Jabs Grace A. Levy-Clarke C. Stephen Foster | 2010 | Ophthalmology2010，，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Feed restriction significantly alters lipogenic gene expression in broiler breeder chickens 显示文摘 | Rechards M P Stephen M P Craig N C | 2003 | J Nutr2003，133，： | 1 |
| 11 | Azathioprine for Ocular Inflammatory Diseases显示文摘 | Sirichai Pasadhika John H. Kempen Craig W. Newcomb Teresa L. Liesegang Siddharth S. Pujari James T. Rosenbaum Jennifer E. Thorne C. Stephen Foster Douglas A. Jabs Grace A. Levy-Clarke Robert B. Nussenblatt Eric B. Suhler | 2009 | American Journal of Ophthalmology2009，，4： | 1 |
| 12 | Predictors and Complications of Blood Transfusion in Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty显示文摘 | Nicholas Frisch Nolan Wessell Michael Charters Stephen Yu James Jeffries Craig Silverton | 2014 | The Journal of Arthroplasty2014，，： | 1 |
| 13 | Clinical determinants of aspirin resistance in diabetes显示文摘 | Hussein N. Yassine Grace Davis-Gorman Craig S. Stump Stephen S. Thomson Justin Peterson Paul F. McDonagh | 2010 | Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice2010，，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Saturation prostate biopsy with periprostatic block can be performed in office显示文摘 | Stephen JJ Mehmet O Craig ZD | | 0，，5： | 1 |
| 15 | Effect of nutritional interventions and resistance exercise on aging muscle mass and strength显示文摘 | Darren Candow Scott Forbes Jonathan Little Stephen Cornish Craig Pinkoski Philip Chilibeck | 2012 | Biogerontology2012，，4： | 1 |
| 16 | A study of the role of ion–molecule chemistry in the formation of sporadic sodium layers显示文摘 | Stephen C. Collins John M.C. Plane Michael C. Kelley Timothy G. Wright Pavel Soldán Timothy J. Kane Andrew J. Gerrard Brent W. Grime Rosie J. Rollason Jonathan S. Friedman Sixto A. González Qihou Zhou Michael P. Sulzer Craig A. Tepley | 2002 | Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics2002，，7： | 1 |
| 17 | Aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonists directly activate estrogen receptor α in MCF-7 breast cancer cells显示文摘 | Shengxi Liu Maen Abdelrahim Shaheen Khan Eric Ariazi V. Craig Jordan Stephen Safe | 2006 | Biological Chemistry2006，，9： | 1 |
| 18 | Onset of action for duloxetine 60 mg once daily: double-blind, placebo-controlled studies显示文摘 | Stephen K. Brannan Craig H. Mallinckrodt Michael J. Detke John G. Watkin Gary D. Tollefson | 2004 | Journal of Psychiatric Research2004，，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Azetidinones as vasopressin V1a antagonists显示文摘 | Christophe D. Guillon Gary A. Koppel Michael J. Brownstein Michael O. Chaney Craig F. Ferris Shi-fang Lu Karine M. Fabio Marvin J. Miller Ned D. Heindel David C. Hunden Robin D.G. Cooper Stephen W. Kaldor Jeffrey J. Skelton Bruce A. Dressman Michael P. Cl | 2006 | Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry2006，，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Staging system for breast cancer: revisions for the 6th edition of the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual显示文摘 | S.Eva Singletary Craig Allred Pandora Ashley Lawrence W Bassett Donald Berry Kirby I Bland Patrick I Borgen Gary M Clark Stephen B Edge Daniel F Hayes Lorie L Hughes Robert V.P Hutter Monica Morrow David L Page Abram Recht Richard L Theriault Ann Thor Don | 2003 | Surgical Clinics of North America2003，，4： | 1 |
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