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| 1 | 2019新型冠状病毒基因组特征和流行病学:病毒起源和受体结合的意义显示文摘研究者对来自9例新型冠状病毒肺炎住院患者的支气管肺泡灌洗液样本和培养的分离株进行了下一代测序。从这些个体中获得了严重急性呼吸综合征-冠状病毒2(severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2,SARS-CoV-2)的完整和部分基因组序列。利用Sanger测序连接病毒重叠群以获得全长基因组,cDNA末端快速扩增确定终端区。对这些SARSCoV-2基因组和其他冠状病毒基因组进行了系统进化分析,以确定该病毒的进化史并有助于推断其可能的起源。 | 刘青(译) 刘莉(审校) Lu R Zhao X Li J Niu P Yang B Wu H Wang W Song H Huang B Zhu N Bi Y Ma X Zhan F Wang L Hu T Zhou H Hu Z Zhou W Zhao L Chen J Meng Y Wang J Lin Y Yuan J Xie Z Ma J Liu WJ Wang D Xu W Holmes EC Gao GF Wu G Chen W Shi W Tan W | 2020 | 中华高血压杂志2020，28，3： | 516 |
| 2 | 《过敏性鼻炎及其对哮喘的影响(ARIA)》指南2019版过敏性鼻炎管理路径(中国版)显示文摘2018年12月3日,慢性疾病管理大会在巴黎召开,经过与会的过敏科学及气道疾病领域的专家和患者组织讨论,针对未来鼻炎和哮喘的管理,推荐采用真实世界综合管理路径评估系统,旨在实现数字化、综合化、以人为本的管理。本文是该文件的摘要版,其中也介绍了中国过敏性鼻炎和哮喘的流行状况以及《过敏性鼻炎及其对哮喘的影响》(ARIA)在中国应用的具体情况。 | Bachert C Fokkens WJ Haahtela T Hellings PH Klimek L Papadopoulos N Pham-Thi N PfaarO Valiulis A Ventura MT Onorato G Czarlewski W Bedbrook A Bousquet J 王向东(编译) 王成硕(编译) 郑铭(编译) 杜崑(编译) 张罗(编译) | 2019 | 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科2019，26，12： | 23 |
| 3 | 贝伐珠单抗联合mFOLFOX6与单独使用mFOLFOX6作为一线治疗用于RAS突变型不可切除的结直肠癌局限性肝转移的随机对照试验显示文摘目的:评估贝伐珠单抗联合氟尿嘧啶、亚叶酸钙和奥沙利铂(mFOLFOX6)作为RAS突变型不可切除的结直肠癌肝转移一线治疗的疗效。方法:将2013年10月至2017年12月伴有RAS突变型不可切除的结直肠癌局限性肝转移患者随机分为mFOLFOX6+贝伐珠单抗治疗组(A组)和单独mFOLFOX6治疗组(B组)。肝转移灶的可切除性由本地的多学科讨论小组商讨决定。该研究的主要终点是肝转移灶经过治疗后转化为R0切除的比率。次要终点包括肿瘤反应、生存率和药物毒性。该研究采用区组随机法。 | 潘杰斌 TANG W T REN L LIU T S | 2020 | 结直肠肛门外科2020，26，5： | 17 |
| 4 | 健康成人动脉粥样硬化斑块易感性和血栓形成的生物标志物变化与极端空气污染水平相关:北京AIRCHD研究显示文摘空气污染与心血管事件恶化的病理生理机制尚不完全清楚。该文探讨环境空气污染是否可以触发易损斑块.通过全身炎症途径促进血栓形成。方法:在北京AIRCHD研究中.2014-2016年间对73名健康成年人[年龄(23.3±5.4)岁]进行了随访。研究者使用线性混合效应模型评估了空气污染物与动脉粥样硬化斑块易损性、血栓形成和炎症相关生物标志物之间的关系,并使用中介效应分析(mediation analyses)探讨涉及的生物学途径。通过受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析评估每种生物标记物预测环境空气污染暴露的能力。 | 刘青 叶鹏 Xu H Wang T Liu S Brook RD Feng B Zhao Q Song X Yi T Chen J Zhang Y Wang Y Zheng L Rajagopalan S Li J Huang W | 2019 | 中华高血压杂志2019，27，4： | 13 |
| 5 | 酒精摄入、心脏生物标志物和心房颤动风险与不良结局显示文摘酒精摄入和新发心房颤动相关性证据不一,尤其是在低剂量下。该研究评估欧洲队列在整个饮酒范围内酒精摄入、生物标志物和新发心房颤动的关系。方法和结果:在一个以社区为基础的汇集队列中,研究者随访107845人,以评估酒精摄入(酒精种类和饮酒方式)与新发心房颤动的关系。研究者收集经典心血管病危险因素和新发心力衰竭的信息,并检测生物标记物氨基末端脑钠肽前体和高敏肌钙蛋白I。 | 陈嘉睿(译) 练桂丽((审校) Csengeri D Sprünker NA Di Castelnuovo A Niiranen T Vishram-Nielsen JK Costanzo S S derberg S Jensen SM Vartiainen E Donati MB Magnussen C Camen S Gianfagna F L chen ML Kee F Kontto J Mathiesen EB Koenig W Stefan B de Gaetano G J rgensen T Kuulasmaa K Zeller T Salomaa V Iacoviello L Schnabel RB | 2021 | 中华高血压杂志2021，29，2： | 9 |
| 6 | Osteoprotegerin: A Novel Secreted Protein Involved in the Regulation of Bone Density显示文摘 | W.S Simonet D.L Lacey C.R Dunstan M Kelley M.-S Chang R Lüthy H.Q Nguyen S Wooden L Bennett T Boone G Shimamoto M DeRose R Elliott A Colombero H.-L Tan G Trail J Sullivan E Davy N Bucay L Renshaw-Gegg T.M Hughes D Hill W Pattison P Campbell S Sander G Van | 1997 | Cell1997，，2： | 6 |
| 7 | Mutation analysis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease genes in Han Chinese显示文摘 | Zhang S Mei C Zhang D Dai B Tang B Sun T Zhao H Zhou Y Li L Wu Y Wang W Shen X Song J | 2005 | 第二军医大学学报2005，26，8： | 6 |
| 8 | Multiphase computed tomography radiomics of pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms to predict malignancy显示文摘BACKGROUND Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms(IPMNs)are non-invasive pancreatic precursor lesions that can potentially develop into invasive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Currently,the International Consensus Guidelines(ICG)for IPMNs provides the basis for evaluating suspected IPMNs on computed tomography(CT)imaging.Despite using the ICG,it remains challenging to accurately predict whether IPMNs harbor high grade or invasive disease which would warrant surgical resection.A supplementary quantitative radiological tool,radiomics,may improve diagnostic accuracy of radiological evaluation of IPMNs.We hypothesized that using CT whole lesion radiomics features in conjunction with the ICG could improve the diagnostic accuracy of predicting IPMN histology.AIM To evaluate whole lesion CT radiomic analysis of IPMNs for predicting malignant histology compared to International Consensus Guidelines.METHODS Fifty-one subjects who had pancreatic surgical resection at our institution with histology demonstrating IPMN and available preoperative CT imaging were included in this retrospective cohort.Whole lesion semi-automated segmentation was performed on each preoperative CT using Healthmyne software(Healthmyne,Madison,WI).Thirty-nine relevant radiomic features were extracted from each lesion on each available contrast phase.Univariate analysis of the 39 radiomics features was performed for each contrast phase and values were compared between malignant and benign IPMN groups using logistic regression.Conventional quantitative and qualitative CT measurements were also compared between groups,viaχ2(categorical)and Mann Whitney U(continuous)variables.RESULTS Twenty-nine subjects(15 males,age 71±9 years)with high grade or invasive tumor histology comprised the'malignant'cohort,while 22 subjects(11 males,age 70±7 years)with low grade tumor histology were included in the'benign'cohort.Radiomic analysis showed 18/39 precontrast,19/39 arterial phase,and 21/39 venous phase features differentiated malignant from benign IPMNs(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis including only ICG criteria yielded two significant variables:thickened and enhancing cyst wall and enhancing mural nodule<5 mm with an AUC(95%CI)of 0.817(0.709-0.926).Multivariable post contrast radiomics achieved an AUC(95%CI)of 0.87(0.767-0.974)for a model including arterial phase radiomics features and 0.834(0.716-0.953)for a model including venous phase radiomics features.Combined multivariable model including conventional variables and arterial phase radiomics features achieved an AUC(95%CI)of 0.93(0.85-1.0)with a 5-fold cross validation AUC of 0.90.CONCLUSION Multi-phase CT radiomics evaluation could play a role in improving predictive capability in diagnosing malignancy in IPMNs.Future larger studies may help determine the clinical significance of our findings. | Stuart L Polk Jung W Choi Melissa J McGettigan Trevor Rose Abraham Ahmed Jongphil Kim Kun Jiang Yoganand Balagurunathan Jin Qi Paola T Farah Alisha Rathi Jennifer B Permuth Daniel Jeong | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，24： | 5 |
| 9 | 甘肃中部地区禾谷镰孢的变异研究显示文摘为掌握禾谷镰孢在甘肃中部地区的分布及变异情况,从根部表现有坏死和叶鞘发褐的小麦幼苗的不同部位.小麦地土壤及玉米籽粒.玉米茎秆上分离禾谷镰孢,并以形态学为基础,参照Nelson分类系统进行鉴定.结果表明,在分离到的43个镰刀菌菌株中,有14 个菌株经鉴定为禾谷镰孢,均从玉米茎秆上分离到,小麦根部.小麦叶鞘.小麦地土壤.玉米籽粒中分离到的镰刀菌中未见禾谷镰孢.将禾谷镰孢在特定条件下培养后,发现14 个禾谷镰孢菌株产生子囊壳的数量不同,为2-90个.在以Fg16为引物的PCR 反应中,随机选取的11个禾谷镰孢菌株都产生0.41kb的PCR 产物,而6个对照菌株都产生0.50kb的片段,证明引物Fg16可以区分禾谷镰孢菌株群体的遗传多态性.以Tri13为引物的PCR 反应显示,11个禾谷镰孢菌株以及3 个中国对照菌株都产生脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)毒素,而3个澳大利亚对照菌株产生雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(NIV)毒素. | 李金花 纪莉景 柴兆祥 Knight T E Burgess L W | 2009 | 草业学报2009，18，1： | 3 |
| 10 | 新加坡成人慢性呼吸系统疾病患者6分钟步行距离的最小临床重要差异值研究(英文)显示文摘目的:6 min步行距离(6MWD)是临床上常见的功能性运动能力测试,特别是对于慢性呼吸系统疾病患者。一些文献记载了关于白种人的6MWD的最小临床重要差异(MCID),但对亚洲人群的相关信息未见记载。本研究旨在建立亚洲成人慢性呼吸道疾病患者6MWD的最小临床重要差异。方法:采用'锚定'法和'分布'法对新加坡中央医院肺康复计划登记处的资料进行了分析。'锚定'法收集确诊为慢性呼吸道疾病的患者50例,其中男38例,女12例;平均年龄(64.2±12.3)岁,通过电话采访及使用整体变化评估量表(GROC)评价患者肺康复计划后的自觉改善程度,再将患者在肺康复计划中6MWD的改变数值与相对应的患者自觉改善程度进行比较,这种关系用操作特征曲线(ROC)统计表示。通过'分布'法确定6MWD的MCID,从门诊和住院的肺康复计划(PRP)参与者中检索医疗记录136例,其中男103例,女33例;平均年龄(60.1±14.1)岁。结果 :ROC曲线表明6MWD出现临床显著性变化的最佳临界值为17.4 m,其对应的敏感性为79.4%,特异性为81.3%,阳性似然比为4.23。由'分布'法确定6MWD的最小临床重要差异值为18.6 m。结论:18.6 m为新加坡华人6MWD的最小临床重要差异的估计值。 | Meredith T L YEUNG Alan W P WONG Katherine S L HUANG Alice Y M JONES | 2015 | 康复学报2015，25，1： | 3 |
| 11 | Fondaparinux预防老年急性内科患者发生静脉血栓形成的效果与安全性:随机安慰剂对照研究显示文摘目的:观察 Fondaparinux 对具有中高度静脉血栓发生危险的老年急性内科住院患者的抗凝效果与安全性。设计:双盲随机安慰剂对照研究。背景:8个国家的35个中心。参与者:849例≥60岁内科患者,住院原因分别为充血性心力衰竭、慢性肺病合并急性呼吸系统疾患、急性炎症性或感染性疾病,预期至少住院4天以上。干预:2.5 mg Fondaparinux 或安慰剂,每天1次皮下注射,持续6~14天。观察指标:主要指标为静脉血栓形成(治疗后15天内采用双侧静脉造影检查)及有症状的静脉血栓;次要指标为死亡与出血。患者随访时间为1个月。结果:Fondaparinux 治疗组425例患者和安慰剂组414例患者接受了安全性分析(10例未治疗)。644例患者(75.9%)可接受主要指标分析。静脉血栓检出率在 Fondaparinux 治疗组为5.6%(18/321),安慰剂组为10.5%(34/323),相对危险减少46.7%(95% CI 7.7%~69.3%)。安慰剂组5例患者发生有症状的静脉血栓,Fondaparinux治疗组无患者发生有症状的静脉血栓(P=0.029)。两组均有1例(0.2%)患者发生严重出血。随访结束时,安慰剂组、Fondaparinux 治疗组分别死亡25(6.0%)、14(3.3%)例患者。结论:Fondaparinux 可有效预防急性内科老年患者无症状性及有症状的静脉血栓。严重出血几率两组相似。 | Alexander T Cohen Bruce L Davidson Alexander S Gallus Michael R Lassen Martin H Prins Witold Tomkowski Alexander G G Turpie Jan F M Egberts Anthonie W A Lensing 石汉平(译) 王深明(校) | 2006 | 英国医学杂志中文版2006，9，5： | 3 |
| 12 | CD28/CTLA-4/B7 and CD40/CD40L costimulation and activation of regulatory T cells显示文摘Costimulatory signals are crucial for T cell activation. Attempts to block costimulatory pathways have been effective in preventing unwanted immune reactions. In particular, blocking the CD28/cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen(CTLA)-4/B7 interaction(using CTLA-4Ig) and the CD40/CD40 L interaction(using anti-CD40 L antibodies) prevents T cell mediated autoimmune diseases, transplant rejection and graft vs host disease in experimental models. Moreover, CTLA-4Ig is in clinical use to treat rheumatoid arthritis(abatacept) and to prevent rejection of renal transplants(belatacept). Under certain experimental conditions, this treatment can even result in tolerance. Surprisingly, the underlying mechanisms of immune modulation are still not completely understood. We here discuss the evidence that costimulation blockade differentially affects effector T cells(Teff) and regulatory T cells(Treg). The latter are required to control inappropriate and unwanted immune responses, and their activity often contributes to tolerance induction and maintenance. Unfortunately, our knowledge on the costimulatory requirements of Treg cells is very limited. We therefore summarize the current understanding ofthe costimulatory requirements of Treg cells, and elaborate on the effect of anti-CD40 L antibody and CTLA-4Ig treatment on Treg cell activity. In this context, we point out that the outcome of a treatment aiming at blocking the CD28/CTLA-4/B7 costimulatory interaction can vary with dosing, timing and underlying immunopathology. | Isabel T Vogel Stefaan W Van Gool Jan L Ceuppens | 2014 | World Journal of Immunology2014，4，2： | 3 |
| 13 | ENETS Consensus Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Digestive Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Functional Pancreatic Endocrine Tumor Syndromes显示文摘 | Jensen Robert T Cadiot Guillaume Brandi Maria L De Herder Wouter W Kaltsas Gregory Komminoth Paul Scoazec Jean-yves Salazar Ramon Sauvanet Alain Kianmanesh Reza | 2012 | Neuroendocrinology2012，，2： | 3 |
| 14 | Bovine immunoglobulin protein isolates for the nutritional management of enteropathy显示文摘The gastrointestinal tract is responsible for a multitude of digestive and immune functions which depend upon the balanced interaction of the intestinal microbiota, diet, gut barrier function, and mucosal immune response. Disruptions in one or more of these factors can lead to intestinal disorders or enteropathies which are characterized by intestinal inflammation, increased gut permeability, and reduced capacity to absorb nutrients. Enteropathy is frequently associated with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infection, inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmune enteropathy, radiation enteritis, and irritable bowel syndrome(IBS), where pathologic changes in the intestinal tract lead to abdominal discomfort, bloating, abnormal bowel function(e.g., diarrhea, urgency, constipation and malabsorption). Unfortunately, effective therapies for the management ofenteropathy and restoring intestinal health are still not available. An accumulating body of preclinical studies has demonstrated that oral administration of plasmaor serum-derived protein concentrates containing high levels of immunoglobulins can improve weight, normalize gut barrier function, and reduce the severity of enteropathy in animal models. Recent studies in humans, using serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate, demonstrate that such protein preparations are safe and improve symptoms, nutritional status, and various biomarkers associated with enteropathy. Benefits have been shown in patients with HIV infection or diarrhea-predominant IBS. This review summarizes preclinical and clinical studies with plasma/serum protein concentrates and describes the effects on host nutrition, intestinal function, and markers of intestinal inflammation. It supports the concept that immunoglobulin-containing protein preparations may offer a new strategy for restoring functional homeostasis in the intestinal tract of patients with enteropathy. | Bryon W Petschow Anthony T Blikslager Eric M Weaver Joy M Campbell Javier Polo Audrey L Shaw Bruce P Burnett Gerald L Klein J Marc Rhoads | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，33： | 2 |
| 15 | A hardware -efficient multimate digital channelized receiver architecture显示文摘 | ZAHIRNIAK D R SHARPIN D L FIELDS T W | 1998 | IEEE Trans On AES1998，34，1： | 2 |
| 16 | On the nomenclature, classification, and abstractions of compliant mechanisms显示文摘 | MIDHA A NORTON T W HOWELL L L | 1994 | ASME J of Mechanical Design1994，116，1： | 2 |
| 17 | A synthesis of research on requirements analysis and knowledge acquisition techniques显示文摘 | Byrd T A Cossick K L Zmud R W | 1992 | MIS Quarterly1992，16，1： | 2 |
| 18 | Structural Control:Past,Present,and Future显示文摘 | Housner G W Bergman L A Caughey T K | | 0，，： | 2 |
| 19 | 左心室舒张功能的遗传性和其他影响因素:以家庭为基础的人口研究显示文摘确定遗传因素影响舒张功能多普勒指数的程度,是评估左心室舒张功能障碍与预后关系的一个重要因素。因此,研究人员从一般人群中选出家庭样本,对其家族左心室舒张特性和舒张功能集合评分的遗传度进行评估。方法:随机抽取316个家庭样本,包括452名父母和600名后代,平均年龄分别为58.5和33.3岁, | 刘莉 叶鹏 Kloch-Badelek M Knez J Tikhonoff V Thijs L Sakiewicz W Ryabikov A Stolarz-Skrzypek K Jin Y Malyutina S Casiglia E Narkiewicz K Czarnecka D Kawecka-Jaszcz K Staessen JA Kuznetsova T | 2014 | 中华高血压杂志2014，22，10： | 2 |
| 20 | A general approach to implementation of the 4π participation of 1 - zza - 1,3 - butadienes in diels-alder reactions显示文摘 | BOGER D L CORBETT W L CURRANT T | 1991 | J Am Chem Soc1991，113，： | 2 |
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