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| 1 | Risk for emerging bipolar disorder, variants, and symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, now grown up显示文摘AIM: To determine the prevalence of bipolar disorder(BD) and sub-threshold symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) through 14 years' follow-up, when participants were between 21-24 years old.METHODS: First, we examined rates of BD type Ⅰ?and Ⅱ diagnoses in youth participating in the NIMH-funded Multimodal Treatment Study of ADHD(MTA). We used the diagnostic interview schedule for children(DISC), administered to both parents(DISC-P) and youth(DISCY). We compared the MTA study subjects with ADHD(n = 579) to a local normative comparison group(LNCG, n = 289) at 4 different assessment points: 6, 8, 12, and 14 years of follow-ups. To evaluate the bipolar variants, we compared total symptom counts(TSC) of DSM manic and hypomanic symptoms that were generated by DISC in ADHD and LNCG subjects. Then we sub-divided the TSC into pathognomonic manic(PM) and non-specific manic(NSM) symptoms. We compared the PM and NSM in ADHD and LNCG at each assessment point and over time. We also evaluated the irritability as category A2 manic symptom in both groups and over time. Finally, we studied the irritability symptom in correlation with PM and NSM in ADHD and LNCG subjects.RESULTS: DISC-generated BD diagnosis did not differ significantly in rates between ADHD(1.89%) and LNCG 1.38%). Interestingly, no participant met BD diagnosis more than once in the 4 assessment points in 14 years. However, on the symptom level, ADHD subjects reported significantly higher mean TSC scores: ADHD 3.0; LNCG 1.7; P < 0.001. ADHD status was associated with higher mean NSM: ADHD 2.0 vs LNCG 1.1; P < 0.0001. Also, ADHD subjects had higher PM symptoms than LNCG, with PM means over all time points of 1.3 ADHD; 0.9 LNCG; P = 0.0001. Examining both NSM and PM, ADHD status associated with greater NSM than PM. However, Over 14 years, the NSM symptoms declined and changed to PM over time(df 3, 2523; F = 20.1; P < 0.0001). Finally, Irritability(BD DSM criterion-A2) rates were significantly higher in ADHD than LNCG(χ2 = 122.2, P < 0.0001), but irritability was associated more strongly with NSM than PM(df 3, 2538; F = 43.2; P < 0.0001).CONCLUSION: Individuals with ADHD do not appear to be at significantly greater risk for developing BD, but do show higher rates of BD symptoms, especially NSM. The greater linkage of irritability to NSM than to PM suggests caution when making BD diagnoses based on irritability alone as one of 2(A-level) symptoms for BD diagnosis, particularly in view of its frequent presentation with other psychopathologies. | Ahmed Z Elmaadawi Peter S Jensen L Eugene Arnold Brooke SG Molina Lily Hechtman Howard B Abikoff Stephen P Hinshaw Jeffrey H Newcorn Laurence Lee Greenhill James M Swanson Cathryn A Galanter | 2015 | World Journal of Psychiatry2015，5，4： | 3 |
| 2 | Th1 cytokines promote T-cell binding to antigen-presenting cells via enhanced hyaluronan production and accumulation at the immune synapse显示文摘Hyaluronan(HA)production by dendritic cells(DCs)is known to promote antigen presentation and to augment T-cell activation and proliferation.We hypothesized that pericellular HA can function as intercellular‘glue’directly mediating T cell–DC binding.Using primary human cells,we observed HA-dependent binding between T cells and DCs,which was abrogated upon pre-treatment of the DCs with 4-methylumbelliferone(4-MU),an agent which blocks HA synthesis.Furthermore,T cells regulate HA production by DCs via T cell-derived cytokines in a T helper(Th)subset-specific manner,as demonstrated by the observation that cell-culture supernatants from Th1 but not Th2 clones promote HA production.Similar effects were seen upon the addition of exogenous Th1 cytokines,IL-2,interferon c(IFN-c)and tumor necrosis factor a(TNF-a).The critical factors which determined the extent of DC–T cell binding in this system were the nature of the pre-treatment the DCs received and their capacity to synthesize HA,as T-cell clones which were pre-treated with monensin,added to block cytokine secretion,bound equivalently irrespective of their Th subset.These data support the existence of a feedforward loop wherein T-cell cytokines influence DC production of HA,which in turn affects the extent of DC–T cell binding.We also document the presence of focal deposits of HA at the immune synapse between T-cells and APC and on dendritic processes thought to be important in antigen presentation.These data point to a pivotal role for HA in DC–T cell interactions at the IS. | Paul L Bollyky Stephen P Evanko Rebecca P Wu Susan Potter-Perigo S Alice Long Brian Kinsella Helena Reijonen Kelly Guebtner Brandon Teng Christina K Chan Kathy R Braun John A Gebe Gerald T Nepom Thomas N Wight | 2010 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2010，7，3： | 3 |
| 3 | Long-term safety of lamivudine treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B显示文摘 | Anna S.F Lok Ching-Lung Lai Nancy Leung Guang-Bi Yao Zhen-Yu Cui Eugene R Schiff Jules L Dienstag E.Jenny Heathcote Nancy R Little Dorothea A Griffiths Stephen D Gardner Mary Castiglia | 2003 | Gastroenterology2003，，6： | 3 |
| 4 | Long-term safety of lamivudine treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B显示文摘 | Anna S.F Lok Ching-Lung Lai Nancy Leung Guang-Bi Yao Zhen-Yu Cui Eugene R Schiff Jules L Dienstag E.Jenny Heathcote Nancy R Little Dorothea A Griffiths Stephen D Gardner Mary Castiglia | 2003 | Gastroenterology2003，，6： | 2 |
| 5 | Slowing Production Deline and Extending the Economic Life of an Oil Field:New MEOR Technology 显示文摘 | Brown L R Vadie A A Stephens J O | | SPE0，，： | 2 |
| 6 | Hepatocytes isolated from neoplastic liver-immunomagnetic purging as a new source for transplantation显示文摘AIM: To investigate whether hepatocytes isolated from macroscopically normal liver during hepatic resection for neoplasia could provide a novel source of healthy hepatocytes, including the development of reliable protocols for malignant cells removal from the hepatocyte preparation. METHODS: Hepatocytes were procured from resected liver of 18 patients with liver tumors using optimised digestion and cell-enrichment protocols. Suspensions of various known quantities of the HT-29 tumor cell line and patient hepatocytes were treated or not with Ep-CAM-antibody-coated immunomagnetic beads in order to investigate the effi cacy of tumor-purging by immunomagnetic depletion, using a semi-quantitative RT-PCR method developed to detect tumor cells. Immunomagnetic bead-treated or bead-untreated tumor cell-hepatocyte suspensions were transplanted intra-peritoneally in Balb/C nude mice to assess the rates of tumor development. RESULTS: Mean viable hepatocyte yield was 9.3 x 106 cells per gram of digested liver with mean viability of 70.5%. Immunomagnetic depletion removed tumor cells to below the RT-PCR detection-threshold of 1 tumor cell in 106 hepatocytes, representing a maximum tumor purging efficacy of greater than 400 000-fold. Transplanted, immunomagnetic bead-purged tumor cell-hepatocyte suspensions did not form peritonealtumors in Balb/C nude mice. Co-transplantation of hepatocytes with tumor cells did not increase tumorigenesis of the tumor cells. CONCLUSION: Immunomagnetic depletion appears to be an effective method of purging contaminating tumor cells to below threshold for likely tumorigenesis. Along with improved techniques for isolation of large numbers of viable hepatocytes, normal liver resected for neoplasia has potential as another clinically useful source of hepatocytes | Aravin Gunasegaram Javed Akhter Peng Yao Loreena A Johnson Stephen M Riodan David L Morris | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，32： | 2 |
| 7 | Predicting the service life of concrete marine structures; an environmental methodology显示文摘 | Stephen L A Dwayne A J Matthew A M | 1998 | ACI Structural Journal1998，95，1： | 1 |
| 8 | A maximum entropy approach to natural language processing显示文摘 | Adam L Berger Stephen A Della Pietra Vincent J Della Pietra | 1996 | Computational Linguistics1996，22，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Direct dating of sulfides by Rb-Sr:Acritical test using the Polaris Mississippi Valley-type Zn-Pb deposit显示文摘 | Christensen J N Halliday A N Kenneth E L Roderick N R and Stephen E K | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 10 | A meta-analysis of relations between person–organization fit and work attitudes显示文摘 | Michelle L Verquer Terry A Beehr Stephen H Wagner | 2002 | Journal of Vocational Behavior2002，，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Express of a heterolo- gous manganese superoxide dismutase gene in intestinal lactobacilli provides protection against hydrogen peroxide toxicity显示文摘 | JOSE M B JASON M A STEPHEN L L | 2004 | Appl Envi- ron Microbioi2004，70，8： | 1 |
| 12 | A maximum entropy approach to natural language显示文摘 | Adam L Berger Stephen A Della Pietra Vincent J Della Pietra | 1999 | Processing Computational Linguistics1999，22，： | 1 |
| 13 | TGF-βincreasesvascular smooth muscle cell proliferation through the Smad3 andERK MAPK pathways显示文摘 | Pasithorn A Suwanabo L Stephen MS | 2012 | J Vasc Surg2012，56，2： | 1 |
| 14 | A Maximum Entropy Approach to Natural Language Processing显示文摘 | Adam L Berger Stephen A DellaPietra Vincent J Della Pietra | 1996 | Computational Linguistics1996，1，22： | 1 |
| 15 | Activity and safety of crizotinib in patients with ALK -positive non-small-cell lung cancer: updated results from a phase 1 study显示文摘 | D Ross Camidge Yung-Jue Bang Eunice L Kwak A John Iafrate Marileila Varella-Garcia Stephen B Fox Gregory J Riely Benjamin Solomon Sai-Hong I Ou Dong-Wan Kim Ravi Salgia Panagiotis Fidias Jeffrey A Engelman Leena Gandhi Pasi A J?nne Daniel B Costa Geoffrey | 2012 | Lancet Oncology2012，，10： | 1 |
| 16 | Drivers display anger-congruent attention to potential traffic hazards显示文摘 | STEPHENS A N TRAWLEY S L MADIGAN R | 2013 | Applied Cognitive Psychology2013，27，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Enforced stacking in crowded arenes显示文摘 | Bushey M L Hwang A Stephens P W | 2001 | J Am Chem Soc2001，123，： | 1 |
| 18 | Predicting the service life of concrete structures: an environmental methodology 显示文摘 | Stephen L A Dwayne A J Matthew A M | 1998 | ACI Structural Journal1998，95，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Dihydrofluorescein diacetate is superior for detecting intracellular oxidants: comparison with 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, 5(and 6)-carboxy-2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, and dihydrorhodamine 123显示文摘 | Stephen L Hempel Garry R Buettner Yunxia Q O’Malley Duane A Wessels Dawn M Flaherty | 1999 | Free Radical Biology and Medicine1999，，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Molecular and phenotypic characterization of Als1 and Als2 mutations conferring tolerance to acetolactate synthase herbicides in soybean显示文摘 | Kay L Walter Stephen D Strachan Nancy M Ferry Henrik H Albert Linda A Castle Scott A Sebastian | 2014 | Pest. Manag. Sci2014，，12： | 1 |
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