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| 1 | 非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病冠状动脉疾病的危险因素:英国糖尿病前瞻性研究(UKPDS:23)显示文摘目的:评价2型糖尿病患者冠状动脉疾病的基线危险因素。设计:对2 693例资料完整的患者进行年龄和性别调整的逐步选择过程分析,以确定哪些冠状动脉疾病的危险因素应纳入 Cox 比例风险模型。对象:3 055例白人患者,平均年龄52岁,均新近诊断为2型糖尿病,且无动脉粥样硬化相关疾病的证据。平均随访期7.9年。335例患者于10年内出现冠状动脉疾病。结局评定:具有明确异常心电图的心绞痛、致死或非致死性心肌梗塞。结果:冠状动脉疾病与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度升高、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度降低、甘油三酯浓度升高、高血红蛋白 A_(1c)、高收缩压、高空腹血糖以及吸烟史密切相关。低密度脂蛋白胆固醇较高1/3对较低1/3区间的估计风险比为2.26(95%可信区间为1.70~3.00),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇为0.55(0.41~0.73),血红蛋白 A_(1c)为1.52(1.15~2.01),收缩压为1.82(1.34~2.47)。吸烟者的估计风险比为1.41(1.06~1.88)。结论:2型糖尿病患者中,存在冠状动脉疾病潜在的、可变的5种危险因素的交叉重叠影响。它们是低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度升高、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度降低、高血压、高血糖和吸烟。 | R C Turner H Millns H A W Neil I M Stratton S E Manley D R Matthews R R Holman 赵维纲 | 1998 | 英国医学杂志中文版1998，0，3： | 11 |
| 2 | 英国胃肠病学会关于胃癌风险患者的诊断和管理指南显示文摘胃癌预后较差,部分原因在于诊断较晚。胃癌的危险因素包括幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori,HP)感染和胃癌家族史,尤其是遗传性弥漫性胃癌和恶性贫血。胃癌发展的阶段包括慢性胃炎、胃黏膜萎缩(GA)、胃黏膜肠化生(GIM)和异型增生。胃癌早期发现和提高生存率的关键是在内镜检查前以非侵入性方式识别高危人群。然而,尽管生物标志物可能有助于检测慢性萎缩性胃炎,但尚无足够的证据支持其用于人群筛查。高质量内镜检查是胃癌早期发现的重要组成部分,图像增强内镜结合组织病理学活检是GA和GIM最佳的诊断方法,并能准确进行风险分层。按照悉尼标准从胃窦、角切迹、小弯和大弯进行活检,既能明确诊断,也能对胃癌进行风险分层。理想状态应当是在高质量内镜检查中对GA或GIM区域活检。英国属于低危地区,可根据需要接受常规诊断性胃镜检查,但没有足够证据支持筛查,对于广泛GA或GIM的患者,每3年检查内镜。对于胃异型增生和早期癌,只要满足标准,内镜下黏膜切除术或内镜黏膜下剥离术的治疗有效,成功率高,复发率低。 | Matthew Banks David Graham Marnix Jansen TakujiGotoda Sergio Coda Massimiliano di Pietro NoriyaUedo Pradeep Bhandari D Mark Pritchard Ernst J Kuipers Manuel Rodriguez-Justo Marco R Novelli KrishRagunath Neil Shepherd Mario Dinis-Ribeiro 乌雅罕(译) 张冬雪(译) 牛占岳(校) 刘鑫(校) 丁士刚(译/校) | 2020 | 中华胃肠内镜电子杂志2020，7，2： | 10 |
| 3 | Definition and classification of cancer cachexia: an international consensus显示文摘 | Kenneth Fearon Florian Strasser Stefan D Anker Ingvar Bosaeus Eduardo Bruera Robin L Fainsinger Aminah Jatoi Charles Loprinzi Neil MacDonald Giovanni Mantovani Mellar Davis Maurizio Muscaritoli Faith Ottery Lukas Radbruch Paula Ravasco Declan Walsh Andrew | 2011 | Lancet Oncology2011，，5： | 8 |
| 4 | Dyslipidemia management in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease:Current guidelines and strategies显示文摘Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the United States. In 2010, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimated that $444 billion was spent on cardiovascular diseases alone, about $1 of every $6 spent on health care. As life expectancy continues to increase, this annual cost will also increase, making costeffective primary prevention of cardiovascular disease highly desirable. Because of its role in development of atherosclerosis and clinical events, dyslipidemia management is a high priority in cardiovascular prevention. Multiple major dyslipidemia guidelines have been published around the world recently, four of them by independent organizations in the United States alone. They share the goal of providing clinical guidance on optimal dyslipidemia management, but guidelines differ in their emphasis on pharmacotherapy, stratification of groups, emphasis on lifestyle modification, and use of a fixed target or percentage reduction in low density lipoprotein cholesterol. This review summarizes eight major guidelines for dyslipidemia management and considers the basis for their recommendations. Our primary aim is to enhance understanding of dyslipidemia management guidelines in patient care for primary prevention of future cardiovascular risk. | Aditya D Hendrani Tolulope Adesiyun Renato Quispe Steven R Jones Neil J Stone Roger S Blumenthal Seth S Martin | 2016 | World Journal of Cardiology2016，8，2： | 5 |
| 5 | Ampullary cancer of intestinal origin and duodenal cancer-A logical clinical and therapeutic subgroup in periampullary cancer显示文摘Periampullary cancers include pancreatic, ampullary, biliary and duodenal cancers. At presentation, the majority of periampullary tumours have grown to involve the pancreas, bile duct, ampulla and duodenum. This can result in difficulty in defining the primary site of origin in all but the smallest tumors due to anatomical proximity and architectural distortion. This has led to variation in the reported proportions of resected periampullary cancers. Pancreatic cancer is the most common cancer resected with a pancreaticoduodenectomy followed by ampullary(16%-50%), bile duct(5%-39%), and duodenal cancer(3%-17%). Patients with resected duodenal and ampullary cancers have a better reported median survival(29-47 mo and 22-54 mo) compared to pancreatic cancer(13-19 mo). The poorer survival with pancreatic cancer relates to differences in tumour characteristics such as a higher incidence of nodal, neural and vascular invasion. While small ampullary cancers can present early with biliary obstruction, pancreatic cancers need to reach a certain size before biliary obstruction ensues. This larger size at presentation contributes to a higher incidence of resection margin involvement in pancreatic cancer. Ampullary cancers can be subdivided into intestinal or pancreatobiliary subtype cancers with histomolecular staining. This avoids relying on histomorphology alone, as even some poorly differentiated cancers preserve the histomolecular profile of their mucosa of origin. Histomolecular profiling is superior to anatomic location in prognosticating survival. Ampullary cancers of intestinal subtype and duodenal cancers are similar in their intestinal origin and form a logical clinical and therapeutic subgroup of periampullary cancers. They respond to 5-FU based chemotherapeutic regimens such as capecitabine-oxaliplatin. Unlike pancreatic cancers, KRAS mutation occurs in only approximately a third of ampullary and duodenal cancers. Future clinical trials should group ampullary cancers of intestinal origin and duodenal cancers together given their similarities and their response to fluoropyrimidine therapy in combination with oxaliplatin. The addition of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor therapy in this group warrants study. | Manju D Chandrasegaram Anthony J Gill Jas Samra Tim Price John Chen Jonathan Fawcett Neil D Merrett | 2017 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2017，9，10： | 4 |
| 6 | Nat Genet:单基因突变导致过敏性皮炎的发生显示文摘最近,研究者们鉴定出了一类导致神经性皮炎发生的关键基因突变:CARDll。来自美国NIH过敏与传染病研究所的研究者们通过对四个没有血缘关系的患病家庭进行分析,发现了这一导致疾病产生的基因、 | Chi A Ma, Yuan Zhang, Michael A Weinreich, Jonathan J Lyons, Celeste G Nelson, Thomas DiMaggio, Kelly D Stone, Joshua D Milner Jeffrey R Stinson, Elisa Ruffo, Batsukh Dorjbal, Swadhinya Arjunaraja, Kelsey Voss, Andrew L Snow Jordan K Abbott, Pia J Hauk, Paul R Reynolds, Erwin W Gelfand Elisa Ruffo Salomé Glauzy, Natsuko Yamakawa, Eric Meffre Jennifer Stoddard, Julie Niemela, Sergio D Rosenzweig Yu Zhang, Helen F Matthews Joshua J McElwee Nina Jones Alejandro Palma, Matías Oleastro, Emma Prieto, Andrea R Bernasconi, Geronimo Dubra, Silvia Danielian, Jonathan Zaiat, Marcelo A Marti Brian Kim Megan A Cooper Neil Romberg | 2017 | 现代生物医学进展2017，17，27： | 3 |
| 7 | Inflammatory and Injury Responses to Ischemic Stroke in Obese Mice显示文摘 | Satoshi Terao Gokhan Yilmaz Karen Y. Stokes Mami Ishikawa Takeshi Kawase D Neil Granger | 2008 | Stroke2008，，3： | 2 |
| 8 | Multimodality treatment of potentially curative gastric cancer: Geographical variations and future prospects显示文摘After much controversy, multimodality therapy is now accepted worldwide as the gold standard for treatment of resectable bulky localized gastric cancer. There is significant regional variation in the style of multimodality treatment with adjuvant chemoradiation the North American standard, neoadjuvant chemotherapy preferred in Europe and Australasia, whilst adjuvant chemotherapy is preferred in Asia. With further standardization of surgery and D1+/D2 resections increasingly accepted world wide, and in particular in the West, as the surgical standard of care for potentially curable disease, it is timely to reassess the multimodality regimes being used. The challenge in the use of multimodality therapy is how current outcomes can be standardized and improved further. Recent studies indicate that mere intensification of the regime in time, dosage or addition of further agents does not improve localized gastric cancer outcomes. More novel strategies including early commencement of adjuvant therapies, intra-peritoneal chemotherapy or assessing neoadjuvant response with positron emission tomography scanning may give improvements in outcomes. The introduction of targeted therapies means that the adjuvant use of biological agents needs to be explored. By proper assessment of the patient's co-morbidities, full tumour staging, and a better understanding of the tumour's molecular pathology, multimodality therapy for gastric adenocarcinoma may be individualized to optimize the likelihood of cure. | Neil D Merrett | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，36： | 2 |
| 9 | Impact of a simulation-based induction programme in gastroscopy on trainee outcomes and learning curves显示文摘BACKGROUND Pre-clinical simulation-based training(SBT)in endoscopy has been shown to augment trainee performance in the short-term,but longer-term data are lacking.AIM To assess the impact of a two-day gastroscopy induction course combining theory and SBT(Structured PRogramme of INduction and Training–SPRINT)on trainee outcomes over a 16-mo period.METHODS This prospective case-control study compared outcomes between novice SPRINT attendees and controls matched from a United Kingdom training database.Study outcomes comprised:(1)Unassisted D2 intubation rates;(2)Procedural discomfort scores;(3)Sedation practice;(4)Time to 200 procedures;and(5)Time to certification.RESULTS Total 15 cases and 24 controls were included,with mean procedure counts of 10 and 3(P=0.739)pre-SPRINT.Post-SPRINT,no significant differences between the groups were detected in long-term D2 intubation rates(P=0.332)or discomfort scores(P=0.090).However,the cases had a significantly higher rate of unsedated procedures than controls post-SPRINT(58%vs 44%,P=0.018),which was maintained over the subsequent 200 procedures.Cases tended to perform procedures at a greater frequency than controls in the post-SPRINT period(median:16.2 vs 13.8 per mo,P=0.051),resulting in a significantly greater proportion of cases achieving gastroscopy certification by the end of follow up(75% vs 36%,P=0.017).CONCLUSION In this pilot study,attendees of the SPRINT cohort tended to perform more procedures and achieved gastroscopy certification earlier than controls.These data support the role for wider evaluation of pre-clinical induction involving SBT. | Keith Siau James Hodson Peter Neville Jeff Turner Amanda Beale Susi Green Aravinth Murugananthan Paul Dunckley Neil D Hawkes | 2020 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2020，12，3： | 2 |
| 10 | Seasonal Variation in Stroke in the Hunter Region, Australia: A 5-Year Hospital-Based Study, 1995-2000显示文摘 | Yang Wang Christopher R. Levi John R. Attia Catherine A. D’Este Neil Spratt Janet Fisher | 2003 | Stroke: Journal of the American Heart Association2003，，5： | 2 |
| 11 | Evaluation of microdiets versus live feeds on growth, survival and fatty acid composition of larval haddock ( Melanogrammus aeglefinus )显示文摘 | Tammy Blair John Castell Steven Neil Louis D’Abramo Chantal Cahu Paul Harmon Kehinde Ogunmoye | 2003 | Aquaculture2003，，1： | 2 |
| 12 | Trabecular Bone Score: A Noninvasive Analytical Method Based Upon the DXA Image显示文摘 | Barbara C Silva William D Leslie Heinrich Resch Olivier Lamy Olga Lesnyak Neil Binkley Eugene V McCloskey John A Kanis John P Bilezikian | 2014 | J Bone Miner Res2014，，3： | 2 |
| 13 | Combined deletion of Fxr and Shp in mice induces Cyp17a1 and results in juvenile onset cholestasis显示文摘 | Anakk Sayeepriyadarshini Watanabe Mitsuhiro Ochsner Scott A McKenna Neil J Finegold Milton J Moore David D | 2011 | Journal of Clinical Investigation2011，，1： | 2 |
| 14 | A comparison of the digestibility of a range of lupin and soybean protein products when fed to Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) or rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) 显示文摘 | Brett D G Chris G C Neil D | 2004 | Aquaculture2004，237，14： | 1 |
| 15 | Inhibition of NOTCH signaling by gamma secretase inhibitor engages the RB pathway and elicits cell cycle exit in T-Cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells显示文摘 | RAO S S O'NEIL J LIBERATOR C D | 2009 | Cancer Res2009，69，： | 1 |
| 16 | Pathophysiology of ischemia -reperfusion injury显示文摘 | Donna L Carden D Neil G | 2000 | J Pathol2000，190，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Hydroch|orina tion of acetylene using carbon-supported gold cata- lysts:A study of catalyst reactivation显示文摘 | Bongani N Adams M D Neil ] C | 1991 | Journal of Catalysis1991，，37： | 1 |
| 18 | Comparative study of variable size perturbation and observation maximum power point trackers for PV systems显示文摘 | Neil S D Luiz A C Liu Xuejun | 2010 | Eleclric Power Systems Research2010，，80： | 1 |
| 19 | Modelling dependable systems using hybrid Bayesian networks显示文摘 | NEIL M TAILOR M MARQUEZ D | 2008 | Reliability Engineering and System Safety2008，93，7： | 1 |
| 20 | Tetherin inhibits retrovirus release and is antagonized by HIV-1 Vpu显示文摘 | NEIL S J ZANG T BIENIASZ P D | 2008 | Nature2008，451，7177： | 1 |
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