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| 1 | Alternatives for large-scale production of cultured beef: A review显示文摘Cultured beef is a method where stem cells from skeletal muscle of cows are cultured in vitro to gain edible muscle tissue. For large-scale production of cultured beef, the culture technique needs to become more efficient than today's 2-dimensional(2D) standard technique that was used to make the first cultured hamburger. Options for efficient large-scale production of stem cells are to culture cells on microcarriers, either in suspension or in a packed bed bioreactor, or to culture aggregated cells in suspension. We discuss the pros and cons of these systems as well as the possibilities to use the systems for tissue culture. Either of the production systems needs to be optimized to achieve an efficient production of cultured beef. It is anticipated that the optimization of large-scale cell culture as performed for other stem cells can be translated into successful protocols for bovine satellite cells resulting in resource and cost efficient cultured beef. | Matilda S M Moritz Sanne E L Verbruggen Mark J Post | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2015，14，2： | 7 |
| 2 | 针对患者利益的机器学习和人工智能研究:在透明性、可重复性、伦理和有效性等方面的20个关键问题显示文摘机器学习(ML)、人工智能(AI)和其他现代统计方法正为利用先前尚未开发且极速增长的数据资源提供新的机会,以期让患者获益。尽管目前正在进行许多有前景的研究,特别是在图像方面,但就文献整体而言还缺乏透明度、对可重复性清晰的阐述、对潜在伦理问题的探究,以及对有效性的明确验证。这些问题的存在有许多原因,其中最重要的一点(为此我们提供了初步解决方案)就是当前缺乏针对ML和AI的最佳实践指南。我们认为从事研究的跨学科团队和应用ML/AI影响健康的项目,将因解决有关透明度、可重复性、伦理和有效性(TREE)的一系列问题而受益。这里提出的20个关键问题为研究团队提供了一个研究设计、实施和报告框架;帮助编辑和同行评审专家评估文献的贡献;让患者、临床医生和政策制定者评估新发现可能会给患者带来的获益。 | Sebastian Vollmer Bilal A Mateen Gergo Bohner Franz J Kirdly Rayid Ghani Pall Jonsson Sarah Cumbers Adrian Jonas Katherine S L McAllister Puja Myles David Granger Mark Birse Richard Branson Karel G M Moons Gary S Collins John P A Chris Holmes Harry Hemingwayp 李峰(译) 徐磊(校) 赵邑(校) | 2020 | 英国医学杂志中文版2020，23，9： | 5 |
| 3 | Neonatal vitamin A injection promotes cattle muscle growth and increases oxidative muscle fibers显示文摘Background: Vitamin A and its metabolite,retinoic acid(RA),are important regulators of cell differentiation and organ morphogenesis.Its impact on beef cattle muscle growth remains undefined.Method: Angus steer calves were administrated with 0(control) or 150,000 IU vitamin A(retinyl palmitate in glycerol,i.m.) per calf at birth and 1 month of age.At 2 months of age,a biopsy of the Biceps femoris muscle was obtained to analyze the immediate effects of vitamin A injection on myogenic capacity of muscle cells.The resulting steers were harvested at 14 months of age.Results: Vitamin A administration increased cattle growth at 2 months.At 2 months of age,Vitamin A increased PAX7 positive satellite cells and the expression of myogenic marker genes including PAX7,MYF5,MYOD and MYOG.Muscle derived mononuclear cells were further isolated and induced myogenesis in vitro.More myotubes and a higher degree of myogenesis was observed in vitamin A groups.Consistently,vitamin A increased Latissimus dorsi(LD) muscle fiber size at harvest.In addition,vitamin A increased the ratio of oxidative type I and type IIA fibers and reduced the glycolic type IIX fibers.Furthermore,we found that RA,a key bioactive metabolite of vitamin A,activated PPARGC1 A promoter,which explains the upregulated expression of PPARGC1 A in skeletal muscle.Conclusion: Vitamin A administration to neonatal calves enhanced postnatal muscle growth by promoting myogenesis and increasing satellite cell density,accompanied with a shift to oxidative muscle fibers. | Bo Wang Wei Nie Xing Fu Jeanene M de Avila Yannan Ma Mei-Jun Zhu Martin Maquivar Steven M Parish Jan R Busboom Mark L Nelson Min Du | 2019 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2019，10，1： | 3 |
| 4 | Testing for HCV Infection: An Update of Guidance for Clinicians and Laboratorians显示文摘 | Getchell Jane P Wroblewski Kelly E DeMaria Alfred Bean Christine L Parker Monica M Pandori Mark Dufour D Robert Busch Michael P Brecher Mark E Meyer William A Pesano Rick L Teo Chong-Gee Beckett Geoffrey A Araujo Aufra C Branson Bernard M D | 2013 | MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report2013，，18： | 3 |
| 5 | Radiation exposure from CT scans in childhood and subsequent risk of leukaemia and brain tumours: a retrospective cohort study显示文摘 | Mark S Pearce Jane A Salotti Mark P Little Kieran McHugh Choonsik Lee Kwang Pyo Kim Nicola L Howe Cecile M Ronckers Preetha Rajaraman Alan W Craft Louise Parker Amy Berrington de González | 2012 | The Lancet . 2012 (9840)2012，，： | 3 |
| 6 | Inflammation and Alzheimer’s disease显示文摘 | Haruhiko Akiyama Steven Barger Scott Barnum Bonnie Bradt Joachim Bauer Greg M Cole Neil R Cooper Piet Eikelenboom Mark Emmerling Berndt L Fiebich Caleb E Finch Sally Frautschy W.S.T Griffin Harald Hampel Michael Hull Gary Landreth Lih–Fen Lue Robert Mrak | 2000 | Neurobiology of Aging2000，，3： | 2 |
| 7 | Large Molecular Hyperpolarizabilities. Quantitative Analysis of Aromaticity and Auxiliary Donor-Acceptor Effects显示文摘 | Albert I D L Marks T J Ratner M A | | 0，，： | 2 |
| 8 | Team leadership显示文摘 | Zaccaro S J Rittman A L Marks M A | 2002 | The Leadership Quarterly2002，12，4： | 1 |
| 9 | Electric load forecasting using an artificial neural network 显示文摘 | EI-Sharkawi M A Marks R J II Atlas L E | 1991 | IEEE Transactions on Power System1991，6，2： | 1 |
| 10 | In situ intercalative polymerization of pyrrole in FeOCl: a new class of layered, conducting polymer-inorganic hybrid materials 显示文摘 | Kanatzidis M G Tonge L M Marks T J | 1987 | J Am Chem Soc1987，109，12： | 1 |
| 11 | Mechanisms of resistance to the cytotoxic effects of oxysterols in human leukemic cells显示文摘 | Claudia C Gregorio-King Tamara Gough Gavin J Van Der Meer Jane B Hosking Caryll M Waugh Janet L McLeod Fiona Mc Collier Mark A Kirkland | 2004 | Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology2004，，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Choice of methodology for assessing genetic impacts of environmental stressors:Polymorphism and reproducibility of RAPD and AFLP fingerprints显示文摘 | Mark J B Susan L A Bernie M 2001 | 2001 | Ecotoxicology2001，10，： | 1 |
| 13 | Chronic kidney dis- ease: effects on the cardiovascular system 显示文摘 | Echiffrin S Mark L Johannes FE M | 2007 | Circu lation2007，116，1： | 1 |
| 14 | 显示文摘 | ALBERT D L MARKS T J RATNER M A | 1997 | J Am Chem Soc1997，119，28： | 1 |
| 15 | Team Leadership 显示文摘 | ZACCARO S J RITTMAN A L MARKS M A | 2001 | Leadership Quarterly2001，12，45： | 1 |
| 16 | An empirical investigation ofa general theory of marketing ethics显示文摘 | MAYO M A MARKS L J | 1990 | Journal of theAcademy of Marketing Science1990，18，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Using plasma transforming growth factor beta-1 during radiotherapy to select patients for dose escalation显示文摘 | Anscher M S Marks L B Shafman T D | | 0，，17： | 1 |
| 18 | Evaluation ofantifungal agents for fish culture显示文摘 | Marking L L Rach J J Sehreier T M | 1994 | Prog Fish-Cult1994，56，4： | 1 |
| 19 | SUN: A Bayesianframework for saliency using natural statistics显示文摘 | Zhang L Y Tong M H Marks T K | 2008 | Journal ofVision2008，8，7： | 1 |
| 20 | Leaderships in multiteam system显示文摘 | DECHURCH L A MARKS M A | 2006 | Journal of applied psychology2006，，91： | 1 |
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