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| 1 | Molecular changes in hepatic metabolism and transport incirrhosis and their functional importance显示文摘Liver cirrhosis is the common endpoint of many hepatic diseases and represents a relevant risk for liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma.The progress of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis is accompanied by deteriorating liver function.This review summarizes the regulatory and functional changes in phase Ⅰ and phaseⅡmetabolic enzymes as well as transport proteins and provides an overview regarding lipid and glucose metabolism in cirrhotic patients.Interestingly,phase Ⅰ enzymes are generally down regulated transcriptionally,while phaseⅡenzymes are mostly preserved transcriptionally but are reduced in their function.Transport proteins are regulated in a specific way that resembles the molecular changes observed in obstructive cholestasis.Lipid and glucose metabolism are characterized by insulin resistance and catabolism,leading to the disturbance of energy expenditure and wasting.Possible non-invasive tests,especially breath tests,for components of liver metabolism are discussed.The heterogeneity and complexity of changes in hepatic metabolism complicate the assessment of liver function in individual patients.Additionally,studies in humans are rare,and species differences preclude the transferability of data from rodents to humans.In clinical practice,some established global scores or criteria form the basis for the functional evaluation of patients with liver cirrhosis,but difficult treatment decisions such as selection for transplantation or resection require further research regarding the application of existing non-invasive tests and the development of more specific tests. | Christoph G Dietrich Oliver Götze Andreas Geier | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，1： | 10 |
| 2 | Side effects of budesonide in liver cirrhosis due to chronic autoimmune hepatitis: Influence of hepatic metabolism versus portosystemic shunts on a patient complicated with HCC显示文摘AIM: To investigate the systemic availability of budesonide in a patient with Child A drrhosis due to autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and primary hepatocellular carcinoma, who developed serious side effects.METHODS: Serum levels of budesonide, 6β-OH-budesonide and 16α-OH-prednisolon were measured by HPLC/MS/MS;portosysternic shunt-index (SI) was determined by 99mTc nuclear imaging. All values were compared with a matched control patient without side effects.RESULTS: Serum levels of budesonide were 13-fold increased in the index patient. The ratio between serum levels of the metabolites 6β-OH-budesonide and 16α-OH-prednisolone, respectively, and serum levels of budesonide was diminished (1.0 vs. 4.0 for 6β-OH-budesonide, 4.2 vs.10.7 for 16α-OH-prednisolone). Both patients had portosystemic SI (5.7% and 3.1%) within the range of healthy subjects.CONCLUSION: Serum levels of budesonide vary up to 13-fold in AIH patients with Child A cirrhosis in the absence of relevant portosysternic shunting. Reduced hepatic metabolism, as indicated by reduced metabolite-to-drug ratio, rather than portosystemic shunting may explain systemic side effects of this drug in cirrhosis. | Andreas Geier Carsten Gartung Christoph G.Dietrich Hermann E.Wasmuth Patrick Reinartz Siegfried Matern | 2003 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2003，9，12： | 3 |
| 3 | Hepatocyte-Specific Smad7 Expression Attenuates TGF-β–Mediated Fibrogenesis and Protects Against Liver Damage显示文摘 | Steven Dooley Jafar Hamzavi Loredana Ciuclan Patricio Godoy Iryna Ilkavets Sabrina Ehnert Elke Ueberham Rolf Gebhardt Stephan Kanzler Andreas Geier Katja Breitkopf Honglei Weng Peter R. Mertens | 2008 | Gastroenterology2008，，2： | 2 |
| 4 | Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and COVID-19: Harmless companions or disease intensifier?显示文摘The pandemics of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)coexist.Elevated liver function tests are frequent in COVID-19 and may influence liver damage in NAFLD,while preexisting liver damage from NAFLD may influence the course of COVID-19.However,the prognostic relevance of this interaction,though,is unclear.Obesity is a risk factor for the presence of NAFLD as well as a severe course of COVID-19.Cohort studies reveal conflicting results regarding the influence of NAFLD presence on COVID-19 illness severity.Striking molecular similarities of cytokine pathways in both diseases,including postacute sequelae of COVID-19,suggest common pathways for chronic low-activity inflammation.This review will summarize existing data regarding the interaction of both diseases and discuss possible mechanisms of the influence of one disease on the other. | Christoph G Dietrich Andreas Geier Uta Merle | 2023 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2023，29，2： | 2 |
| 5 | On the use of single-film models to describe the oxy-fuel combustion of pulverized coal char显示文摘 | M. Geier C.R. Shaddix K.A. Davis H.-S. Shim | 2012 | Applied Energy2012，，： | 2 |
| 6 | Effect of CO 2 gasification reaction on char particle combustion in oxy-fuel conditions显示文摘 | Daehee Kim Sangmin Choi Christopher R. Shaddix Manfred Geier | 2014 | Fuel2014，，： | 2 |
| 7 | Clinical correlation map:A tool for linking theory and practice显示文摘 | Kathol DD Geier ML Harting JL | 1998 | Nurse Educ1998，23，4： | 1 |
| 8 | Genetic variations of bile salt transporters as predisposing factors for drug-induced cholestasis, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and therapeutic response of viral hepatitis 显示文摘 | Stieger B Geier A | 2011 | Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol2011，7，4： | 1 |
| 9 | Is there really an increase in non-minimal change nephrotic syndrome in children?显示文摘 | Guido Filler Elizabeth Young Pavel Geier Blair Carpenter Alfred Drukker Janusz Feber | 2003 | American Journal of Kidney Diseases2003，，6： | 1 |
| 10 | PTA versus Palmaz stent placement in femoropopliteal artery stenoses : Results of a multicenter prospective randomized study ( REFSA )显示文摘 | Grenacher L Saem T Geier A | 2004 | Rofo2004，176，9： | 1 |
| 11 | Inklet printing of high conductivity,flex-ible graphene patterns 显示文摘 | Secor E B Prabhumirashi P L Puntambekar K Geier M L Hersam M C | 2013 | Journalof Physical Chemistry Letters2013，4，8： | 1 |
| 12 | RotaTeq vaccine adverse events and policy considerations显示文摘 | Geier DA King PG Sykes LK | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 13 | Identification of biomarkers to distinguish clear cell sarcoma from malignant melanoma显示文摘 | Linlin Yang Yuan Chen Tiantian Cui Thomas Kn?sel Qing Zhang Christiane Geier Detlef Katenkamp Iver Petersen | 2012 | Human Pathology2012，，9： | 1 |
| 14 | Rcognition sequence of the dam methylase of Escherichia coli K12 and mode of cleavage of Dpn Ⅰ endonucleade显示文摘 | Geier G E Modrich P | 1979 | J Biol Chen1979，254，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Frosted branch angiitis in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome显示文摘 | Geier SA Nasemann J | 1992 | Am J Ophthalmol1992，113，2： | 1 |
| 16 | AN2 of oral bioavail- ability: transporters as gatekeepers in the gut 显示文摘 | Dietrich CG Geier A Oude Elferink RP | 2003 | Gut2003，52，12： | 1 |
| 17 | Formation of Lactulose during Heat Treatment of Milk显示文摘 | GEIER H KLOSTERMEYER H | 1983 | Milchwissenschaft1983，38，： | 1 |
| 18 | Genetic variations of bile salt transporters as predisposing factors for drug-induced cholestasis,intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and therapeutic response of viral hepatitis显示文摘 | Stieger B Geier A | | 0，，04： | 1 |
| 19 | Evi- dence supporting the use of probiofics for the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis显示文摘 | PRISCIANDARO LD GEIER MS BUTLER RN | 2011 | Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr2011，51，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Principles of hepatic organic anion transporter regulation during cholcstasis, inflammation and liver regeneration 显示文摘 | Geier A Wagner M Dietrich CG | 2007 | Biochim Biophys Acta2007，1773，3： | 1 |
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