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| 1 | 二战以来联邦德国乡村地区的发展与演变显示文摘二战以后联邦德国①已成为世界第四和欧洲最大的经济体,然而,城乡以及联邦各州之间,特别是东西部之间的区域发展仍然不平衡。本文在国内相关初步研究基础上,从动态、区域和景观视角对联邦德国战后至今乡村地区整体发展过程、特征与区域差异及未来发展趋势进行了分析与研究,并对我国乡村地区未来发展思路进行了探讨。战后德国乡村地区经历了农业规模减小、生产率提高,传统乡村景观改变,特别是德国东西部地区乡村差异化发展的过程。原东德地区经过社会主义改造由传统乡村和农业向农田规模化、经营产业化、居住城镇化、农民工人化的社会主义集体农庄和集体农业转变,但德国统一后这一体系难以适应欧盟的标准,导致农村衰落,居民大规模外迁。经过战后短暂的再城市化,原西德乡村地区经历了一个逆城市化过程,大量工厂和年轻人搬到农村,很多乡村已经由传统的农庄转变为有吸引力的现代化居民点。然而,尽管乡村现代化改善了乡村基础设施和居住环境,但城市风格的楼房和宽阔笔直的道路也破坏了乡村原有的结构形态和优美的自然风貌。20世纪70年代以后西德开始制定乡村发展和更新规划,并实施'我们的乡村应更美丽'的行动计划,其主要目标包括提高农产品质量和种类、开发农业房地产和乡村旅游,初步实现了传统乡村和农业向现代代化和生态化的转变。联邦德国乡村地区未来4个发展的趋势包括高科技农业、可更新的能源、生态公园和非农业化发展。根据联邦德国发展经验和我国乡村城市化的现状,我国的城乡一体化路径应首先完善乡村发展的政策纲领、规划体系和行动计划,鼓励当地居民参与乡村发展规划的制定;城乡一体化应包括乡村城市化与乡村现代化及生态化两部分;具有特色的乡村地区应实现基础设施和公共服务现代化,但保持村庄形态结构和景观的乡村风貌;提高农产品质量和数量,发展乡村地产和乡村服务业;部分生态脆弱的乡村地区进行生态移民,建成生态和自然公园。 | 孟广文 Hans Gebhardt | 2011 | 地理学报2011，66，12： | 47 |
| 2 | 神经探测仪在甲状腺手术中的应用与评价显示文摘目的探索甲状腺复杂手术中应用神经探测仪探寻和保护喉返神经的方法。方法应用神经探测仪在 2 0例复杂甲状腺手术中探寻和保护喉返神经。结果 2 0例复杂甲状腺手术患者术后无一例出现喉返神经受损的临床症状。结论神经探测仪应用于复杂的甲状腺手术中 ,对于保护喉返神经免于误伤有着较大的临床意义。其方法简便易行 ,可靠有实效。 | 潘凯 Gebhardt C Kraus D | 2003 | 中华普通外科杂志2003，18，12： | 24 |
| 3 | 共焦显微镜鉴别诊断真菌性角膜炎的实验研究显示文摘目的 研究利用眼科用共焦显微镜鉴别诊断不同真菌性角膜炎的可行性。方法18只新西兰白兔均分为3组,右眼分别接种白色念珠菌、烟曲霉菌和腐皮镰刀菌。接种时,去除角膜中央区5mm直径的上皮,滴新鲜培养的1×107个细胞/ml的白色念珠菌悬浮液,或涂上新鲜培养的烟曲霉菌或腐皮镰刀菌孢子,盖上软性接触镜,行睑裂缝合。在角膜感染后的第5,10和15天时,行共焦显微镜检查、真菌涂片检查和病理切片检查。结果 感染早期(1~5天)炎症反应明显,中期(5~10天)炎症逐渐减轻,10~15天角膜形成疤痕而自愈。烟曲霉菌和腐皮镰刀菌的病程较迁延,反应较白色念珠菌重。共焦显微镜下,感染的白色念珠菌早期主要呈现芽孢状,成高亮度结构,以后发展成具有大量分支的树枝状结构,再发展成链状结构。感染10天后未见任何真菌结构。烟曲霉菌的菌丝在早期则呈较白色念珠菌菌丝粗但分支相对较少的明亮的树枝状结构。中期以后其分支减少并变长,它在角膜组织中保留的时间较白色念珠菌长。在感染早期,腐皮镰刀菌则表现为蚯蚓状结构,以后发展为分支很少的粗短树枝状结构,其分支在3种真菌中最少但直径最粗。真菌涂片和组织学检查的结果与共焦显微镜检查相符。结论 | 李绍伟 Gebhardt BM 史伟云 Beuerman RW Kaufman SC Kaufman HE 谢立信 | 2001 | 眼科研究2001，19，5： | 13 |
| 4 | Watt-scale super-octave mid-infrared intrapulse difference frequency generation显示文摘The development of high-power,broadband sources of coherent mid-infrared radiation is currently the subject of intense research that is driven by a substantial number of existing and continuously emerging applications in medical diagnostics,spectroscopy,microscopy,and fundamental science.One of the major,long-standing challenges in improving the performance of these applications has been the construction of compact,broadband mid-infrared radiation sources,which unify the properties of high brightness and spatial and temporal coherence.Due to the lack of such radiation sources,several emerging applications can be addressed only with infrared(IR)-beamlines in largescale synchrotron facilities,which are limited regarding user access and only partially fulfill these properties.Here,we present a table-top,broadband,coherent mid-infrared light source that provides brightness at an unprecedented level that supersedes that of synchrotrons in the wavelength range between 3.7 and 18μm by several orders of magnitude.This result is enabled by a high-power,few-cycle Tm-doped fiber laser system,which is employed as a pump at 1.9μm wavelength for intrapulse difference frequency generation(IPDFG).IPDFG intrinsically ensures the formation of carrierenvelope-phase stable pulses,which provide ideal prerequisites for state-of-the-art spectroscopy and microscopy. | Christian Gaida Martin Gebhardt Tobias Heuermann Fabian Stutzki Cesar Jauregui Jose Antonio-Lopez Axel Schulzgen Rodrigo Amezcua-Correa Andreas Tunnermann Ioachim Pupeza Jens Limpert | 2018 | Light(Science & Applications)2018，7，1： | 8 |
| 5 | Liver zonation: Novel aspects of its regulation and its impact on homeostasis显示文摘Liver zonation,the spatial separation of the immense spectrum of different metabolic pathways along the liver sinusoids,is fundamental for proper functioning of this organ.Recent progress in elucidating localization and interactions of different metabolic pathways by using'omics'techniques and novel approaches to couple them with refined spatial resolution and in characterizing novel master regulators of zonation by using transgenic mice has created the basis for a deeper understanding of core mechanisms of zonation and their impact on liver physiology,pathology and metabolic diseases.This review summarizes the fascinating technical achievements for investigating liver zonation and the elucidation of an emerging network of master regulators of zonation that keep the plethora of interrelated and sometimes opposing functions of the liver in balance with nutritional supply and specific requirements of the entire body.In addition,a brief overview is given on newly described zonated functions and novel details on how diverse the segmentation of metabolic zonation may be.From these facts and developments a few fundamental principles are inferred which seem to rule zonation of liver parenchyma.In addition,we identify important questions that still need to be answered as well as interesting fields of research such as the connection of zonation with circadian rhythm and gender dimorphism which need to be pushed further,in order to improve our understanding of metabolic zonation.Finally,an outlook is given on how disturbance of liver zonation and its regulation may impact on liver pathology and the development of metabolic diseases. | Rolf Gebhardt Madlen Matz-Soja | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，26： | 2 |
| 6 | A system for the functional evaluation of reconstructive procedures after surgical treatment of tumors of the musculoskeletal system显示文摘 | Enneking WF Dunham W Gebhardt MC | | 0，，286： | 2 |
| 7 | Induction of Neutrophil Extracellular DNA Lattices by Placental Microparticles and IL-8 and Their Presence in Preeclampsia显示文摘 | Anurag Kumar Gupta Paul Hasler Wolfgang Holzgreve Stefan Gebhardt Sinuhe Hahn | 2006 | Human Immunology2006，，11： | 2 |
| 8 | Hepatocyte-Specific Smad7 Expression Attenuates TGF-β–Mediated Fibrogenesis and Protects Against Liver Damage显示文摘 | Steven Dooley Jafar Hamzavi Loredana Ciuclan Patricio Godoy Iryna Ilkavets Sabrina Ehnert Elke Ueberham Rolf Gebhardt Stephan Kanzler Andreas Geier Katja Breitkopf Honglei Weng Peter R. Mertens | 2008 | Gastroenterology2008，，2： | 2 |
| 9 | Long-term results of allograft replacement in the management of bone tumors显示文摘 | Mankin HJ Gebhardt MC Jennings LC | | Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research0，，： | 2 |
| 10 | Parallel assessment of circulatory fetal DNA and corticotropin-releasing hormone mRNA in early- and late-onset preeclampsla 显示文摘 | Zhong XY Gebhardt S Hillermann R | 2005 | Clin Chem2005，51，9： | 1 |
| 11 | Sertoli cells as a target for reproductive hazards显示文摘 | Monsees TK Franz M Gebhardt S | 2000 | Andrologia2000，32，45： | 1 |
| 12 | MRI in stress fracture显示文摘 | Rosenthal DI Gebhardt MC | 1986 | AJR1986，147，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Patho physiological and eliniealas pects of the CO2 pneumoperitoneum(COPP)显示文摘 | Gebhardt H Bautz A Ross M | 1997 | Surg Endose1997，11，8： | 1 |
| 14 | The results of transplantation of intercalary allografts after resection of tumors显示文摘 | Ortiz-Cruz E Gebhardt MC Jennings LC | 1997 | J Bone Joint Surg Am1997，79，1： | 1 |
| 15 | The results of transplantation of intercalary allografts after resection of tumors 显示文摘 | Cruz EO Gebhardt MC Jennings C | 1997 | J Bone Joint Surg(Am)1997，79，： | 1 |
| 16 | Protection of corneal allografts by CTLA4-Ig显示文摘 | Gebhardt BM Hodkin M Varnell ED | 1999 | Cornea1999，18，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Kinetic cooling of a gas by absorption of CO2 laser radiation显示文摘 | Gebhardt F G Smith D C | 1972 | Appl Phys Lett1972，20，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Changes in therapy of severe acute panereastitis显示文摘 | Gebhardt C Bodeker H | 1994 | Chirurg1994，65，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Sertoli cells as a target for reproductive hazards显示文摘 | Monsees TK Franz M Gebhardt S | 2000 | Andrologia2000，32，45： | 1 |
| 20 | Preliminary Landfill Siting Related Analysis Using Simple Modeling Techniques显示文摘 | Gebhardt K Jankowski J | 1987 | Eng Geol1987，23，34： | 1 |
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