|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | 钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白-2抑制剂或胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂治疗成人2型糖尿病:临床实践指南显示文摘临床问题对于存在不同心血管风险及肾脏结局的2型糖尿病患者,在原有生活方式干预和/或其他降糖药物的基础上加用钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2(SGLT-2)抑制剂和胰高血糖素样肽1(GLP-1)受体激动剂的获益及风险是什么?现行做法几十年来,2型糖尿病的治疗决策都以控制血糖为主导。SGLT-2抑制剂和GLP-1受体激动剂在传统观念中常被用于二甲双胍治疗后血糖仍控制不佳的患者。目前这一现状已经发生了改变,这得益于多项临床研究结果。研究显示SGLT-2抑制剂和GLP-1受体激动剂拥有独立于药物降糖作用之外的对于动脉粥样硬化性心血管病(CVD)和慢性肾脏病(CKD)的获益。建议本指南阐述了针对不同风险分层的成人2型糖尿病患者使用SGLT-2抑制剂或GLP-1受体激动剂的建议。•伴有3种或更少的心血管风险因素且不存在CVD或CKD:不建议启动SGLT-2抑制剂或GLP-1受体激动剂治疗。(推荐等级:弱)•伴有3种以上心血管风险因素且不存在CVD或CKD:建议启动SGLT-2抑制剂治疗,不建议启动GLP-1受体激动剂治疗。(推荐等级:弱)•已经存在CVD或CKD:建议启动SGLT-2抑制剂治疗和GLP-1受体激动剂治疗。(推荐等级:弱)•已经存在CVD和CKD:建议启动SGLT-2抑制剂治疗(推荐等级:强)和GLP-1受体激动剂治疗。(推荐等级:弱)•对于那些想要进一步降低CVD和CKD结局风险的患者:推荐优先启用SGLT-2抑制剂治疗而非GLP-1受体激动剂治疗。(推荐等级:弱)这项指南是如何制订的一个由患者、临床医生和方法学家共同组成的国际小组提出了这些推荐意见。这些推荐意见基于可信度较高的指南的标准,并使用GRADE分级方法进行评估。该小组采用了息者个体化的观点。证据一项关于获益与风险的系统综述和网络meta分析(764项随机对照研究,包括421346例参与者)发现SGLT-2抑制剂和GLP-1受体激动剂可以降低总体死亡率、心肌梗死发生率、终末期肾病或肾衰竭的发生率(中等至高等质量的证据)。在不同的亚组中这些药物对卒中、因心力衰竭所致住院和其他主要不良事件有不同的影响。药物绝对获益的程度因患者个体风险的不同有很大的差异。(例如,对于接受了超过5年药物治疗的1000例患者,在最低风险人群中死亡人数减少了5人,在最高风险人群中死亡人数减少了48人)。一项关于预后的综述确认了14种风险预测模型,其中一种(RECODe)在证据总结中报告了大部分基线风险评估数据,小组利用该模型以支持风险分层的建议。考虑到患者的价值观及个体差异,指南推荐的支撑证据包括一项对已发表论文的系统综述、一项患者焦点小组研究、一项临床问题总结,以及一项指南调查。指南解读我们依据不同的CVD和CKD风险水平,综合考虑获益、风险和其他因素的平衡,以及每一个风险组别的实际问题,来对推荐意见进行分层。本指南强烈建议CVD和CKD患者使用SGLT-2抑制剂治疗,这说明专家组认为其具有显著的获益。而对于其他成人2型糖尿病患者,推荐等级较弱,这说明专家组想要在获益、风险及治疗花费上取得一个更好的平衡。临床医生通过该指南可以使用可靠的风险计算模型,如RECODe,来明确其患者的个体心血管和肾脏疾病风险。医患交互式总结临床证据和制订决策有助于患者知晓治疗选择,包括进行共同决策。2型糖尿病人群(全球患病率不断增长1-2)正面临着不断增加的心血管疾病、肾脏病和其他并发症的风险3。数十年来,2型糖尿病的管理始终以控制血糖及糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)为治疗目标4-5,但是,最近的高质量随机对照研究已经对这种以血糖为中心的治疗模式发起了挑战。研究结果显示,强化血糖控制未必会降低大血管不良事件,它还可能带来不利影响监管机构现在要求新型糖尿病药物必须证明其具有心血管和肾脏获益才能获得批准。对两类新药--钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2(SGLT-2)抑制剂和胰高血糖素样肽1(GLP-1)受体激动剂(见框图1)的临床试验结果显示,在现有治疗方案(常规治疗)之上加用这些药物,对死亡、心肌梗死、卒中、心力衰竭和肾脏的结局(如进展为终末期肾病)都有获益8-12。 | Sheyu Li Per Olav Vandvik Lyubov Lytvyn Gordon H Guyatt Suetonia C Palmer Rene Rodriguez-Gutierrez Farid Foroutan Thomas Agoritsas Reed A C Siemieniuk Michael Walsh Lawrie Frere David J Tunnicliffe Evi V Nagler Veena Manja Bjφrn Olav Asvold Vivekanand Jha Mieke Vermandere Karim Gariani Qian Zhao Yan Ren Emma Jane Cartwright Patrick Gee Alan Wickes Linda Fems Robin Wright Ling Li Qiukui Hao Reem A Mustafa 无 郭鹤鸣(译) | 2021 | 英国医学杂志中文版2021,24,9: | 7 |
| 2 | IL-6 trans-signaling promotes pancreatitis-associated lung injury and lethality显示文摘 | Zhang Hong Neuh?fer Patrick Song Liang Rabe Bj?rn Lesina Marina Kurkowski Magdalena U Treiber Matthias Wartmann Thomas Regnér Sara Thorlacius Henrik Saur Dieter Weirich Gregor Yoshimura Akihiko Halangk Walter Mizgerd Joseph P Schmid Roland | 2013 | Journal of Clinical Investigation2013,,3: | 2 |
| 3 | Alkali treatment for rapid preparation of plant material for reliable PCR analysis显示文摘 | Klimyuk V I Carroll BJ Thomas C M | 1993 | Plant J1993,,3: | 1 |
| 4 | Advances in the biology, pathogenesis and identification of Pneumocystis pneumonia 显示文摘 | Krajicek BJ Limper AH Thomas CF Jr | 2008 | Curt Opin Pulm Med2008,14,3: | 1 |
| 5 | Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine-induced regulatory T cells suppress the development of allergic airways disease显示文摘 | THORBUM AN O'SULLIVAN BJ THOMAS R | 2010 | Thorax2010,65,12: | 1 |
| 6 | 用于BOF过程中动态终点控制的新取样方式和分析方法(英文)显示文摘为了实现缩短出钢时间从而提高碱性氧气转炉(BOF)的生产效率,与熔融分析控制相关的过程如停吹、提枪或倾炉都要避免。为了达到这个目标,建立了一种用于控制BOF过程的新方法。该方法采用了一种新颖的、可在吹炼过程中进行炉渣和钢同时收集的非均相取样器,并应用了为此专门设计的激光分析方法(LIBS)。使用该方法,目标是尽可能快地完成非均相取样器收集的炉渣和钢的分析(Fe,C,P,S等元素)。除了建立非均相临线取样方法外。还建立了一种基于LIBS的特殊分析程序,当分析过程中移动非均相样品时,用于识别来自炉渣和钢的激光光束。与冶金模型相结合,由非均相取样器得来的数据经过处理后,可动态评价精炼进展状况并规定矫正行为,从而实现安全直接的出钢。预期的效益在于减少再吹炼的比率、节省出钢时间(预计每炉能缩短2~3min),同时延长耐火炉衬的寿命,提高生产产量。 | M.Wauters V.Tusset J.Knevels R.Meilland Thomas Bjrk A.Bengston | 2006 | 冶金分析2006,26,5: | 1 |
| 7 | Early diagnosis of lymphederna in postsurgery breast cancer patients显示文摘 | Cornish BH Chapman M Thomas BJ | 2000 | Ann NY Acad Sci2000,904,: | 1 |
| 8 | The allergenic specificities ofthe house dust mite显示文摘 | Thomas WR Smith WA Hales BJ | 2004 | Chang Gung Med J2004,27,8: | 1 |
| 9 | From landrace to modern hybrid broccoli:the genomic and morphological domestication syndrome within a diverse B.oleracea collection显示文摘Worldwide,broccoli(Brassica oleracea var.italica)is among the most economically important,nutritionally rich,and widely-grown vegetable crops.To explore the genomic basis of the dramatic changes in broccoli morphology in the last century,we evaluated 109 broccoli or broccoli/cauliflower intermediates for 24 horticultural traits.Genotype-bysequencing markers were used to determine four subpopulations within italica:Calabrese broccoli landraces and hybrids,sprouting broccoli,and violet cauliflower,and to evaluate between and within group relatedness and diversity.While overall horticultural quality and harvest index of improved hybrid broccoli germplasm has increased by year of cultivar release,this improvement has been accompanied by a considerable reduction in allelic diversity when compared to the larger pool of germplasm.Two landraces are the most likely founding source of modern broccoli hybrids,and within these modern hybrids,we identified 13 reduction-in-diversity genomic regions,53 selective sweeps,and 30(>1 Mbp)runs of homozygosity.Landrace accessions collected in southern Italy contained 4.8-fold greater unique alleles per accessions compared to modern hybrids and provide a valuable resource in subsequent improvement efforts.This work broadens the understanding of broccoli germplasm,informs conservation efforts,and enables breeding for complex quality traits and regionally adapted cultivars. | Zachary Stansell Thomas Björkman | 2020 | Horticulture Research2020,7,1: | 1 |
| 10 | Chlamydia trachomat is in woman:the more you look,the more you find显示文摘 | Thomas BJ Horrmer PJ | 1994 | Genitoruin Med1994,70,2: | 1 |
| 11 | What makes narcissists bloom? A framework for research on the etiology and development of narcissism显示文摘 | Thomaes S Bushuman BJ de Castro BO | | 0,,04: | 1 |
| 12 | Lack of Association Between the MEF2A Gene and Myocardial Infarction显示文摘 | Wolfgang Lieb Bj?rn Mayer Inke R. K?nig Iris Borwitzky Anika G?tz Silke Kain Christian Hengstenberg Patrick Linsel-Nitschke Marcus Fischer Angela D?ring H -Erich Wichmann Thomas Meitinger Reinhold Kreutz Andreas Ziegler Heribert Schunkert Jeanette Erdmann | 2008 | Circulation2008,,2: | 1 |
| 13 | CD40 ligation conditions dendritic cell antigen-presenting function through sustained activation of NF-kappa B显示文摘 | O'sullivan BJ Thomas R | 2002 | J Immunol2002,168,: | 1 |
| 14 | Leaf senescence in a non-yellowing mutant of Festuca pratensis:proteins of photosystem Ⅱ显示文摘 | HILDITCH P THOMAS H THOMAS BJ | 1989 | Planta1989,,177: | 1 |
| 15 | Rapid and Selective Induction of BDNF Expression in the Hippocampus during Contextual Learning显示文摘 | Hall J Thomas KL Evedtt BJ | 2000 | Nat Neurosci2000,3,: | 1 |
| 16 | Functional effects ofpolymorphisms of house dust mite allergens显示文摘 | Thomas WR Smith W Hales BJ | 1997 | Int Arch AllergyImmunol1997,113,13: | 1 |
| 17 | The transdermal revolution 显示文摘 | Thomas BJ Finnin BC | 2004 | Drug Discovery Today2004,16,9: | 1 |
| 18 | Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine-induced regulatory T cells suppress the development of allergic airways disease显示文摘 | Thorburn AN O'Sullivan BJ Thomas R | 2010 | Thorax2010,65,12: | 1 |
| 19 | Independent cellular processes for hippocampal memory consolidation and reconsolidation显示文摘 | Lee JLC Everitt BJ Thomas KL | | 0,,5672: | 1 |
| 20 | Effects of acupuncture on skin and muscle blood flow in healthy subjects显示文摘 | Margareta Sandberg Thomas Lundeberg Lars-G?ran Lindberg Bj?rn Gerdle | 2003 | European Journal of Applied Physiology (-)2003,,1: | 1 |