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| 1 | Unusual presentations of eosinophilic gastroenteritis:Case series and review of literature显示文摘Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EG) is an uncommon disease characterized by focal or diffuse eosinophilic infiltration of the gastrointestinal tract, and is usually associated with dyspepsia, diarrhea and peripheral eosinophilia. Diffuse gastrointestinal tract and colonic involvement are uncommon. The endoscopic appearance may vary from normal to mucosal nodularity and ulceration. Gastrointestinal obstruction is unusual and is associated with predominantly muscular disease. We present five unusual cases of EG associated with gastric outlet and duodenal obstruction. Two cases presented with acute pancreatitis and one had a history of pancreatitis. Four cases responded well to medical therapy and one had recurrent gastric outlet obstruction that required surgery. Four out of the five cases had endoscopic and histological evidence of esophagitis and two had colitis. Two patients had ascites. These cases reaffirm that EG is a disorder with protean manifestations and may involve the entire gastrointestinal tract. Gastric outlet and/or small bowel obstruction is an important though uncommon presentation of EG. It may also present as esophagitis, gastritis with polypoid lesions, ulcers or erosions, colitis and pancreatitis and may mimic malignancy. | Rafiq A Sheikh Thomas P Prindiville R Erick Pecha Boris H Ruebner | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，17： | 43 |
| 2 | On the combined effect of soil fertility and topography on tree growth in subtropical forest ecosystems—a study from SE China显示文摘Aims The aim of our research was to understand small-scale effects of topography and soil fertility on tree growth in a forest biodiversity and ecosystem functioning(BEF)experiment in subtropical SE China.Methods Geomorphometric terrain analyses were carried out at a spatial resolution of 5×5 m.Soil samples of different depth increments and data on tree height were collected from a total of 566 plots(667 m2 each).The soils were analyzed for carbon(soil organic carbon[SOC]),nitrogen,acidity,cation exchange capacity(CEC),exchangeable cations and base saturation as soil fertility attributes.All plots were classified into geomorphological units.Analyses of variance and linear regressions were applied to all terrain,soil fertility and tree growth attributes.Important Findings In general,young and shallow soils and relatively small differences in stable soil properties suggest that soil erosion has truncated the soils to a large extent over the whole area of the experiment.This explains the concurrently increasing CEC and SOC stocks downslope,in hollows and in valleys.However,colluvial,carbon-rich sediments are missing widely due to the convexity of the footslopes caused by uplift and removal of eroded sediments by adjacent waterways.The results showed that soil fertility is mainly influenced by topography.Monte-Carlo flow accumulation(MCCA),curvature,slope and aspect significantly affected soil fertility.Furthermore,soil fertility was affected by the different geomorphological positions on the experimental sites with ridge and spur positions showing lower exchangeable base cation contents,especially potassium(K),due to leaching.This geomorphological effect of soil fertility is most pronounced in the topsoil and decreases when considering the subsoil down to 50 cm depth.Few soil fertility attributes affect tree height after 1-2 years of growth,among which C stocks proved to be most important while pH_(KCl)and CEC only played minor roles.Nevertheless,soil acidity and a high proportion of Al on the exchange complex affected tree height even after only 1-2 years growth.Hence,our study showed that forest nutrition is coupled to a recycling of litter nutrients,and does not only depend on subsequent supply of nutrients from the mineral soil.Besides soil fertility,topography affected tree height.We found that especially MCCA as indicator of water availability affected tree growth at small-scale,as well as aspect.Overall,our synthesis on the interrelation between fertility,topography and tree growth in a subtropical forest ecosystem in SE China showed that topographic heterogeneity lead to ecological gradients across geomorphological positions.In this respect,small-scale soil-plant interactions in a young forest can serve as a driver for the future development of vegetation and biodiversity control on soil fertility.In addition,it shows that terrain attributes should be accounted for in ecological research. | Thomas Scholten Philipp Goebes Peter Kühn Steffen Seitz Thorsten Assmann Jürgen Bauhus Helge Bruelheide Francois Buscot Alexandra Erfmeier Markus Fischer Werner Härdtle Jin-Sheng He Keping Ma Pascal A.Niklaus Michael Scherer-Lorenzen Bernhard Schmid Xuezheng Shi Zhengshan Song Goddert von Oheimb Christian Wirth Tesfaye Wubet Karsten Schmidt | 2017 | Journal of Plant Ecology2017，10，1： | 22 |
| 3 | New multi protein patterns differentiate liver fibrosis stages and hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis C serum samples显示文摘瞄准:识别一多象用为肝纤维变性(F1-F2 ) 的察觉和区别的提高表面的激光 desorption/ionisation time-of-flight 团 spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS ) 的单个蛋白质标记一样的浆液蛋白质模式,在有长期的丙肝病毒(HCV ) 的病人的肝肝硬化(F4 ) andhepatocellular 癌(HCC ) 。方法:有 F1/F2 纤维变性的 39 个病人,的 Serumsamples 有 F4 纤维变性的 44 个病人,有我们重新申请到 CM10 数组并且分析了使用 SELDI-TOF ProteinChip 系统的 HCC 的 34 个病人(PBS-IIc;CiphergenBiosystems ) 在阴离子交换分别以后。所有病人 andhistologically 有长期的丙肝证实的纤维变性 stage/HCC。数据被 multivariatestatistical 技术和人工的神经网络为蛋白质模式分析。结果:4 肽 / 蛋白质 multimarkerpanel (7486, 12843, 44293 和 53598 Da ) 正确地在训练样品(AUROC0.943 ) 的 HCV 肝硬化对 HCV-HCC 的二方法比较与 100% 的敏感和 85% 的特性识别了 HCC。为 HCC 的鉴定的敏感和特性为随机的测试样品是 68% 和 80% 。肝脏硬化症的病人能被歧视有多使用 5peptide/protein 的 F1 或 F2 纤维变性的病人标记模式( 2873 , 6646 , 7775 , 10525 和 67867 Da )与100%和在训练样品( AUROC 0.976 )的85%的敏感和敏感和特性of80%的特性并且67%为随机的测试样品。有 APRI 分数 andalfa-fetopotein (法新社) 的简历标记分类器的联合改进了诊断表演。为肝纤维变性的 6646 Da 标记蛋白质作为 apolipoprotein C-I 被识别。结论:与蛋白质模式分析相结合的 SELDI-TOF-MS 技术与长期的丙肝在病人为肝肝硬化 andhepatocellular 癌的鉴定似乎是一条珍贵途径。最可能,不同浆液标记的联合将帮助以后识别肝肝硬化和早阶段的 hepatocellularcarcinomas。 | Thomas Gbel Sonja Vorderwülbecke Katarzyna Hauck Holger Fey Dieter Hussinger Andreas Erhardt | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，47： | 21 |
| 4 | Identification of squamous cell carcinoma associated proteins by proteomics and loss of beta tropomyosin expression in esophageal cancer显示文摘AIM: To assess the proteome of normal versus tumor tissue in squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus (SCCE) in Iranian patients and compare our results with former reports by using proteomics. METHODS: Protein was extracted from normal and tumor tissues. Two dimensional electrophoresis was carried out and spots with differential expression were identified with mass spectrometry. RNA extraction and RT-PCR along with immunodetection were performed. RESULTS: Fourteen proteins were found whose expression levels differed in tumor compared to normal tissues. Mass spectrometric analysis resulted in the identification of β-tropomyosin (TMβ), myosin light chain 2 (and its isoform), myosin regulatory light chain 2, peroxyredoxin 2, annexinⅠand an unknown polypeptide as the down regulated polypeptides in tumor tissue. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), TPM4-ALK fusion oncoprotein 2, myosin light polypeptide 6, keratinⅠ, GH16431p and calreticulin were the up-regulated polypeptides found in tumor tissue. Several of these proteins, such as TMβ,HSP70, annexinⅠ, calreticulin, TPM4-ALK and isoforms of myosins, have been well recognized in tumorigenesis of esophageal or other types of cancers. CONCLUSION: Our study not only supports the involve- ment of some of the formerly reported proteins in SCCE but also introduces additional proteins found to be lost in SCCE, including TMβ. | Ferdous Rastgar Jazii Zahra Najafi Reza Malekzadeh Thomas P Conrads Abed Ali Ziaee Christian Abnet Mansour Yazdznbod Ali Asghar Karkhane Ghasem H Salekdeh | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，44： | 14 |
| 5 | Associations of sense of coherence with psychological distress and quality of life in inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘AIM:To investigate the relationship between sense of coherence,psychological distress and health related quality of life in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).METHODS:This cross-sectional study enrolled a consecutive sample of 147 IBD(aged 45.1 ± 14.1 years; 57.1% female) patients recruited from a tertiary gastroenterology service.Sixty-four participants met diagnostic criteria for Crohn's disease,while eightythree patients had ulcerative colitis.Socio-demographic data(education,age,race,gender,gross monthly income and marital status),disease-related variables(illness activity,relapse rate in past 2 years,history of surgery and time since diagnosis),sense of coherence(Antonovsky's SOC scale),psychological distress symptoms(Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) and health-related quality of life(HRQo L; WHOQOLBref) were assessed.Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were performed to identify factors that are independently associated with psychological distress and HRQo L in patients with IBD and to provide indications for possible moderating or mediating effects.In addition,formal moderation and mediation analyses(Sobel tests) were performed to confirm potential moderators/mediators of the relationship between SOC,psychological distress symptoms and HRQoL.RESULTS:Lower SOC scores(std beta=-0.504; P < 0.001),female gender(std beta = 0.176; P = 0.021) and White race(std beta = 0.164; P = 0.033) were independently associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms,while lower levels of SOC(std beta =-0.438; P < 0.001) and higher relapse rate(std beta = 0.161; P = 0.033) were independently associated with more severe anxiety symptoms.A significant interaction between time since diagnosis and SOC was found with regard to the severity of depressive or anxiety symptoms,as the interaction term(time since diagnosis X SOC) had beta coefficients of-0.191(P = 0.009) and-0.172(P = 0.026),respectively.Lower levels of anxiety symptoms(std beta =-0.369; P < 0.001),higher levels of SOC(std beta = 0.231; P = 0.016) and non-White race(std beta =-0.229; P = 0.006),i.e.,mixed-race,which represented the reference category,were independently associated with higher levels of overall HRQoL.Anxiety symptoms were the most potent independent correlate of most aspects of HRQoL.In addition,anxiety mediated the association between SOC and satisfaction with health,as well as its relationship with physical,mental,and social relations HRQo L.Depressive symptoms also mediated the association between SOC and mental HRQoL.CONCLUSION:Our data indicated that SOC is an important construct,as it influences psychological distress and has significant albeit indirect effects on several HRQoL domains in IBD. | Thiago H Freitas Elias Andreoulakis Gilberto S Alves Hesley LL Miranda Lúcia LBC Braga Thomas Hyphantis André F Carvalho | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，21： | 10 |
| 6 | Experimental small bowel preservation using Polysol: A new alternative to University of Wisconsin solution, Celsior and histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution?显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the potential of Polysol, a newly developed preservation solution, in cold storage of small bowel grafts, compared with the current standards, University of Wisconsin solution (UW), Celsior and histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution (HTK). METHODS: Male Wistar rats were used as donors. Small bowels were retrieved, flushed and then stored in the respective 4 solutions for 18 h at 4℃. Functional integrity of the grafts was evaluated by isolated reperfusion with oxygenated Krebs-Henseleit buffer at 37℃ for 30 min in all 4 groups. RESULTS: Polysol preservation exhibited the highest tissue ATP concentration and the lowest release of LDH. Malondialdehyde, an index for tissue lipid peroxidation, was also the lowest in Polysol. Tissue oxygen consumption was significantly higher in Polysol than in the others. Of interest, UW-storage promoted 10-fold higher apoptosis than in the others. Moreover, electron microscopy revealed that the mucosal villi/micro-villi formation and the cell organelles, including mitochondria, were both significantly better preserved in Polysol, while deleterious alterations were apparent in the others, most notably in UW. Although Celsior and HTK exhibited the better trend of results than UW in some parameters, but could not reach the over-all superiority to UW.CONCLUSION: Cold storage using Polysol resulted in significantly better integrity and function of small bowel grafts than UW. Hence, Polysol may be a novel alternative for the small bowel preservation. | Lai Wei Koichiro Hata Benedict Marie Doorschodt Reinhard Büttner Thomas Minor René H Tolba | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，27： | 9 |
| 7 | Role of interventional radiology in the management of acute gastrointestinal bleeding显示文摘Acute gastrointestinal bleeding(GIB) can lead to significant morbidity and mortality without appropriate treatment. There are numerous causes of acute GIB including but not limited to infection, vascular anomalies, inflammatory diseases, trauma, and malignancy. The diagnostic and therapeutic approach of GIB depends on its location, severity, and etiology. The role of interventional radiology becomes vital in patients whose GIB remains resistant to medical and endoscopic treatment. Radiology offers diagnostic imaging studies and endovascular therapeutic interventions that can be performed promptly and effectively with successful outcomes. Computed tomography angiography and nuclear scintigraphy can localize the source of bleeding and provide essential information for the interventional radiologist to guide therapeutic management with endovascular angiography and transcatheter embolization. This review article provides insight into the essential role of Interventional Radiology in the management of acute GIB. | Raja S Ramaswamy Hyung Won Choi Hans C Mouser Kazim H Narsinh Kevin C McCammack Tharintorn Treesit Thomas B Kinney | 2014 | World Journal of Radiology2014，6，4： | 8 |
| 8 | 钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白-2抑制剂或胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂治疗成人2型糖尿病:临床实践指南显示文摘临床问题对于存在不同心血管风险及肾脏结局的2型糖尿病患者,在原有生活方式干预和/或其他降糖药物的基础上加用钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2(SGLT-2)抑制剂和胰高血糖素样肽1(GLP-1)受体激动剂的获益及风险是什么?现行做法几十年来,2型糖尿病的治疗决策都以控制血糖为主导。SGLT-2抑制剂和GLP-1受体激动剂在传统观念中常被用于二甲双胍治疗后血糖仍控制不佳的患者。目前这一现状已经发生了改变,这得益于多项临床研究结果。研究显示SGLT-2抑制剂和GLP-1受体激动剂拥有独立于药物降糖作用之外的对于动脉粥样硬化性心血管病(CVD)和慢性肾脏病(CKD)的获益。建议本指南阐述了针对不同风险分层的成人2型糖尿病患者使用SGLT-2抑制剂或GLP-1受体激动剂的建议。•伴有3种或更少的心血管风险因素且不存在CVD或CKD:不建议启动SGLT-2抑制剂或GLP-1受体激动剂治疗。(推荐等级:弱)•伴有3种以上心血管风险因素且不存在CVD或CKD:建议启动SGLT-2抑制剂治疗,不建议启动GLP-1受体激动剂治疗。(推荐等级:弱)•已经存在CVD或CKD:建议启动SGLT-2抑制剂治疗和GLP-1受体激动剂治疗。(推荐等级:弱)•已经存在CVD和CKD:建议启动SGLT-2抑制剂治疗(推荐等级:强)和GLP-1受体激动剂治疗。(推荐等级:弱)•对于那些想要进一步降低CVD和CKD结局风险的患者:推荐优先启用SGLT-2抑制剂治疗而非GLP-1受体激动剂治疗。(推荐等级:弱)这项指南是如何制订的一个由患者、临床医生和方法学家共同组成的国际小组提出了这些推荐意见。这些推荐意见基于可信度较高的指南的标准,并使用GRADE分级方法进行评估。该小组采用了息者个体化的观点。证据一项关于获益与风险的系统综述和网络meta分析(764项随机对照研究,包括421346例参与者)发现SGLT-2抑制剂和GLP-1受体激动剂可以降低总体死亡率、心肌梗死发生率、终末期肾病或肾衰竭的发生率(中等至高等质量的证据)。在不同的亚组中这些药物对卒中、因心力衰竭所致住院和其他主要不良事件有不同的影响。药物绝对获益的程度因患者个体风险的不同有很大的差异。(例如,对于接受了超过5年药物治疗的1000例患者,在最低风险人群中死亡人数减少了5人,在最高风险人群中死亡人数减少了48人)。一项关于预后的综述确认了14种风险预测模型,其中一种(RECODe)在证据总结中报告了大部分基线风险评估数据,小组利用该模型以支持风险分层的建议。考虑到患者的价值观及个体差异,指南推荐的支撑证据包括一项对已发表论文的系统综述、一项患者焦点小组研究、一项临床问题总结,以及一项指南调查。指南解读我们依据不同的CVD和CKD风险水平,综合考虑获益、风险和其他因素的平衡,以及每一个风险组别的实际问题,来对推荐意见进行分层。本指南强烈建议CVD和CKD患者使用SGLT-2抑制剂治疗,这说明专家组认为其具有显著的获益。而对于其他成人2型糖尿病患者,推荐等级较弱,这说明专家组想要在获益、风险及治疗花费上取得一个更好的平衡。临床医生通过该指南可以使用可靠的风险计算模型,如RECODe,来明确其患者的个体心血管和肾脏疾病风险。医患交互式总结临床证据和制订决策有助于患者知晓治疗选择,包括进行共同决策。2型糖尿病人群(全球患病率不断增长1-2)正面临着不断增加的心血管疾病、肾脏病和其他并发症的风险3。数十年来,2型糖尿病的管理始终以控制血糖及糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)为治疗目标4-5,但是,最近的高质量随机对照研究已经对这种以血糖为中心的治疗模式发起了挑战。研究结果显示,强化血糖控制未必会降低大血管不良事件,它还可能带来不利影响监管机构现在要求新型糖尿病药物必须证明其具有心血管和肾脏获益才能获得批准。对两类新药--钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2(SGLT-2)抑制剂和胰高血糖素样肽1(GLP-1)受体激动剂(见框图1)的临床试验结果显示,在现有治疗方案(常规治疗)之上加用这些药物,对死亡、心肌梗死、卒中、心力衰竭和肾脏的结局(如进展为终末期肾病)都有获益8-12。 | Sheyu Li Per Olav Vandvik Lyubov Lytvyn Gordon H Guyatt Suetonia C Palmer Rene Rodriguez-Gutierrez Farid Foroutan Thomas Agoritsas Reed A C Siemieniuk Michael Walsh Lawrie Frere David J Tunnicliffe Evi V Nagler Veena Manja Bjφrn Olav Asvold Vivekanand Jha Mieke Vermandere Karim Gariani Qian Zhao Yan Ren Emma Jane Cartwright Patrick Gee Alan Wickes Linda Fems Robin Wright Ling Li Qiukui Hao Reem A Mustafa 无 郭鹤鸣(译) | 2021 | 英国医学杂志中文版2021，24，9： | 7 |
| 9 | 应变和应变率对早期发现糖尿病性心肌病的应用价值显示文摘目的探讨应变和应变率在发现早期糖尿病性心肌病中的应用价值。方法应用GE Vivid5超声诊断仪及应变和应变率分析软件,检测137例受试者的心肌左心室6个室壁节段应变和应变率,其中单纯糖尿病组36例,糖尿病合并左心室肥厚组23例,单纯左心室肥厚组42例,正常对照组36例。结果患者组的心脏收缩及舒张功能均低于正常对照组(P〈0.001),最大收缩期应变和应变率绝对值亦均低于正常对照组(P〈0.05);最大收缩期应变和应变率在糖尿病合并左心室肥厚组低于单纯糖尿病组(P〈0.05),亦低于单纯左心室肥厚组(P〈0.01)。结论应变和应变率可以早期发现无明显心脏病表现的糖尿病性心肌病。 | 仉晓红 田家凯 李晓燕 Thomas H Marwick | 2007 | 中华超声影像学杂志2007，16，1： | 7 |
| 10 | Impact of tree diversity and environmental conditions on the survival of shrub species in a forest biodiversity experiment in subtropical China显示文摘Aims Although shrubs are an important component of forests,their role has not yet been considered in forest biodiversity experiments.In the biodiversity-ecosystem functioning(BEF)experiment with subtropical tree species in south-east China(BEF-China),we factorially combined tree with shrub species-diversity treatments.Here,we tested the hypotheses that shrub survival differs between the 10 planted shrub species,with lower survival rates of late-than early-successional species and is affected by environmental conditions,such as topography and top soil characteristics,as well as by biotic factors,represented by tree,shrub and herb layer characteristics.Methods We analyzed the survival of 42000 shrub individuals in 105 plots varying in tree and shrub species richness of the BEF-China project four years after planting.Shrub survival was analyzed with generalized linear mixed effects models at the level of individuals and with variance partitioning at the plot level.Random intercept and random slope models of different explanatory variables were compared with respect to the Bayesian Information Criterion(BIC).Important Findings Survival rates differed largely between the 10 shrub species,ranging from 26%to 91%for Ardisia crenata and Distylium buxifolium,respectively.Irrespective of species identity,single abiotic factors explained up to 5%of species survival,with a negative effect of altitude and slope inclination and a positive effect of the topsoil carbon to nitrogen ratio,which pointed to drought as the major cause of shrub mortality.In contrast,neither tree nor shrub richness affected shrub survival at this early stage of the experiment.Among the biotic predictors,only herb layer species richness and cover of the dominant fern species(Dicranopteris pedata)affected shrub survival.Overall,our models that included all variables could explain about 65%in shrub survival,with environmental variables being most influential,followed by shrub species identity,while tree species diversity(species richness and identity)and herb layer characteristics contributed much less.Thus,in this early stage of the experiment the biotic interactions among shrubs and between shrubs and trees have not yet overruled the impact of abiotic environmental factors. | Bo Yang Ying Li Bingyang Ding Sabine Both Alexandra Erfmeier Werner Härdtle Keping Ma Bernhard Schmid Thomas Scholten Gunnar Seidler Goddert von Oheimb Xuefei Yang Helge Bruelheide | 2017 | Journal of Plant Ecology2017，10，1： | 7 |
| 11 | 可操作性地震预报:有关“为什么”和“怎么办”的几点思考显示文摘假设研究都市区附近断层的地震学家根据经验知识以令人信服的口吻声称,未来一周内发生一次大地震的概率要比平常的一个7天周期中发生地震的概率高出100~1000倍,那么——如果采取行动的话——民众应该采取那些防御措施呢? | Thomas H Jordan Lucile M Jones 左玉玲(译) 郑需要(校) | 2010 | 国际地震动态2010，，10： | 7 |
| 12 | 碱性系统中铁对铬的还原作用及其对飞灰中铬的浸出控制显示文摘为了控制焚烧飞灰中铬的浸出,将FeSO4加入焚烧飞灰水系统中和Cr(Ⅵ)的碱性水溶液中,试验二价铁(Fe(Ⅱ))对Cr(Ⅵ)的还原效果,并检验了Cr(Ⅵ)的还原产物的稳定性.热力学分析表明,碱性系统中Fe(Ⅱ)对Cr(Ⅵ)的还原受到Fe(Ⅱ)与O2反应的强烈竞争.实验结果也证实了暴露于空气的飞灰水系统中的Fe(Ⅱ)对铬没有明显的控制效果,但在碱性溶液相中过量的Fe(Ⅱ)却能快速有效地还原Cr(Ⅵ),且还原产物十分稳定.此外,焚烧飞灰中铬的溶出受到Pb、Ba、Ca等元素的干扰,不利于Cr(Ⅵ)的还原稳定.为了有效地稳定Cr(Ⅵ),Fe(Ⅱ)稳定飞灰的过程可分两步进行.试验结果还表明,在碱性系统中铁的氧化物氢氧化物对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附和沉淀效果十分有限. | 陈德珍 袁园 Thomas H Christensen | 2005 | 环境科学学报2005，25，9： | 6 |
| 13 | Epigenetic profiles of pre-diabetes transitioning to type 2 diabetes and nephropathy显示文摘AIM: To examine DNA methylation profiles in a longitudinal comparison of pre-diabetes mellitus(Pre-DM) subjects who transitioned to type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).METHODS: We performed DNA methylation study in bisulphite converted DNA from Pre-DM(n = 11) at baseline and at their transition to T2 DM using Illumina Infinium Human Methylation27 Bead Chip, that enables the query of 27578 individual cytosines at Cp G loci throughout the genome, which are focused on the promoter regions of 14495 genes.RESULTS: There were 694 Cp G sites hypomethylated and 174 Cp G sites hypermethylated in progression from Pre-DM to T2 DM, representing putative genes involved in glucose and fructose metabolism, inflammation, oxidative and mitochondrial stress, and fatty acid metabolism. These results suggest that this high throughput platform is able to identify hundreds of prospective Cp G sites associated with diverse genes that may reflect differences in Pre-DM compared with T2 DM. In addition, there were Cp G hypomethylation changes associated with a number of genes that may be associated with development of complications of diabetes, such as nephropathy. These hypomethylation changes were observed in all of the subjects.CONCLUSION: These data suggest that some epigenomic changes that may be involved in the progression of diabetes and/or the development of complications may be apparent at the Pre-DM state or during the transition to diabetes. Hypomethylation of a number of genes related to kidney function may be an early marker for developing diabetic nephropathy. | Thomas A Vander Jagt Monica H Neugebauer Marilee Morgan Donald W Bowden Vallabh O Shah | 2015 | World Journal of Diabetes2015，6，9： | 5 |
| 14 | Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio:A prognostic tool in patients with inhospital cardiac arrest显示文摘BACKGROUND In-hospital cardiac arrest(IHCA) portends a poor prognosis and survival to discharge rate. Prognostic markers such as interleukin-6, S-100 protein and high sensitivity C reactive protein have been studied as predictors of adverse outcomes after return of spontaneous circulation(ROSC); however; these variables are not routine laboratory tests and incur additional cost making them difficult to incorporate and less attractive in assessing patient's prognosis. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR) is a marker of adverse prognosis for many cardiovascular conditions and certain types of cancers and sepsis. We hypothesize that an elevated NLR is associated with poor outcomes including mortality at discharge in patients with IHCA.AIM To determine the prognostic significance of NLR in patients suffering IHCA who achieve ROSC.METHODS A retrospective study was performed on all patients who had IHCA with the advanced cardiac life support protocol administered in a large urban community United States hospital over a one-year period. Patients were divided into two groups based on their NLR value(NLR < 4.5 or NLR ≥ 4.5). This cutpoint was derived from receiving operator characteristic curve analysis(area under the curve = 0.66) and provided 73% positive predictive value, 82% sensitivity and42% specificity for predicting in-hospital death after IHCA. The primary outcome was death or discharge at 30 d, whichever came first.RESULTS We reviewed 153 patients with a mean age of 66.1 ± 16.3 years; 48% were female.In-hospital mortality occurred in 65%. The median NLR in survivors was 4.9(range 0.6-46.5) compared with 8.9(0.28-96) in non-survivors(P = 0.001). A multivariable logistic regression model demonstrated that an NLR above 4.55[odds ratio(OR) = 5.20, confidence interval(CI): 1.5-18.3, P = 0.01], older age(OR= 1.03, CI: 1.00-1.07, P = 0.05), and elevated serum lactate level(OR = 1.20, CI:1.03-1.40, P = 0.02) were independent predictors of death.CONCLUSION An NLR ≥ 4.5 may be a useful marker of increased risk of death in patients with IHCA. | Vishal H Patel Philip Vendittelli Rajat Garg Susan Szpunar Thomas LaLonde John Lee Howard Rosman Rajendra H Mehta Hussein Othman | 2019 | World Journal of Critical Care Medicine2019，8，2： | 5 |
| 15 | Aggressive juvenile polyposis in children with chromosome 10q23 deletion显示文摘Juvenile polyps are relatively common findings in children,while juvenile polyposis syndrome(JPS) is a rare hereditary syndrome entailing an increased risk of colorectal cancer.Mutations in BMPR1A or SMAD4 are found in roughly half of patients diagnosed with JPS.Mutations in PTEN gene are also found in patients with juvenile polyps and in Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome and Cowden syndrome.Several previous reports have described microdeletions in chromosome 10q23 encompassing both PTEN and BMPR1A causing aggressive polyposis and malignancy in childhood.These reports have also described extra-intestinal findings in most cases including cardiac anomalies,developmental delay and macrocephaly.In this report we describe a boy with a 5.75 Mb deletion of chromosome 10q23 and a 1.03 Mb deletion within chromosome band 1p31.3who displayed aggressive juvenile polyposis and multiple extra-intestinal anomalies including macrocephaly,developmental delay,short stature,hypothyroidism,atrial septal defect,ventricular septal defect and hypospadias.He required colectomy at six years of age,and early colectomy was a common outcome in other children with similar deletions.Due to the aggressive polyposis and reports of dysplasia and even malignancy at a young age,we propose aggressive gastrointestinal surveillance in children with 10q23 microdeletions encompassing the BMPR1A and PTEN genes to include both the upper and lower gastrointestinal tracts,and also include a flowchart for an effective genetic testing strategy in children with juvenile polyposis. | Seth Septer Lei Zhang Caitlin E Lawson Jose Cocjin Thomas Attard Holly H Ardinger | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，14： | 4 |
| 16 | 参与式管理解决冲突:遥感和GIS用作瑞典北部驯鹿业土地利用需求信息交流的工具显示文摘在解决复杂的土地管理问题时,对短缺或者有争执的资源进行地理评估有助于不同利益相关者之间沟通认识和增进理解。本文中,我们说明如何使用遥感和GIS收集和汇总瑞典北部驯鹿放牧者和其他土地使用者(林业、采矿业、旅游业等等)的土地使用活动及使用模式的信息。该项目主要基于最终的土地使用者,即驯鹿放牧者们所做的工作,体现了面向土地使用者的新的努力。发展驯鹿业的土地利用规划的基础有以下几个方面:收集并数字化传统的驯鹿栖息地生态学和景观信息;将这些信息与来自野外调查及基于人造卫星观测的植被分类结果整合;绘制其他土地使用者的活动情况图。最终的土地利用规划提供的信息有利于驯鹿放牧者与其他利益相关者之间的磋商,并有助于驯鹿管理实施。该项目可作为一种大众参与和计划编制的模式,从而使本土信息和先进的遥感技术融入一个交互式的过程中。 | Per Sandstrm Tina Granqvist Pahlén Lars Edenius Hans Tφmmervik Olle Hagner Leif Hemberg Hkan Olsson Karin Baer Thomas Stenlund Lars Gran Brandt Mikael Egberth 周立志 程利群 | 2003 | AMBIO-人类环境杂志2003，32，8： | 4 |
| 17 | Cerebral venous thrombosis and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in an 18-year old male with severe ulcerative colitis显示文摘The risk of thromboembolism is increased in inflammatory bowel disease and its symptoms may be overlooked. Furthermore, its treatment can be complex and is not without complications. We describe a case of an adolescent boy who developed a cerebral sinus venous thrombosis during a relapse of his ulcerative colitis and who, while on treatment with heparin, developed heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). The treatment was then switched to fondaparinux, a synthetic and selective inhibitor of activated factor . | Gudrun Scheving Thorsteinsson Maria Magnussson Lena M Hallberg Nils Gunnar Wahlgren Fredrik Lindgren Petter Malmborg Thomas H Casswall | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，28： | 4 |
| 18 | ACC/AHA guidelines for the management of patients with unstable angina and non–st-segment elevation myocardial infarction显示文摘 | Eugene Braunwald Elliott M Antman John W Beasley Robert M Califf Melvin D Cheitlin Judith S Hochman Robert H Jones Dean Kereiakes Joel Kupersmith Thomas N Levin Carl J Pepine John W Schaeffer Earl E Smith David E Steward Pierre Theroux Raymond J Gibbons J | 2000 | Journal of the American College of Cardiology2000，，3： | 4 |
| 19 | Adenoma detection with cap-assisted colonoscopy versus regular colonoscopy: a randomised controlled trial显示文摘 | Thomas R de Wijkerslooth Esther M Stoop Patrick M Bossuyt Elisabeth M H Mathus-Vliegen Jan Dees Kristien M A J Tytgat Monique E van Leerdam Paul Fockens Ernst J Kuipers Evelien Dekker | 2012 | Gut2012，，10： | 3 |
| 20 | The Nesting Problem in the Leather Manufacturing Industry显示文摘 | Ralf H Thomas L | 1995 | Annals of Operational Research1995，57，： | 3 |
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