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| 1 | Crop photosynthetic response to light quality and light intensity显示文摘Under natural conditions, plants constantly encounter various biotic and abiotic factors, which can potentially restrict plant growth and development and even limit crop productivity. Among various abiotic factors affecting plant photosynthesis, light serves as an important factor that drives carbon metabolism in plants and supports life on earth. The two components of light(light quality and light intensity) greatly affect plant photosynthesis and other plant's morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters. The response of plants to different spectral radiations and intensities differs in various species and also depends on growing conditions. To date, much research has been conducted regarding how different spectral radiations of varying intensity can affect plant growth and development. This review is an effort to briefly summarize the available information on the effects of light components on various plant parameters such as stem and leaf morphology and anatomy, stomatal development, photosynthetic apparatus, pigment composition, reactive oxygen species(ROS) production, antioxidants, and hormone production. | Iram SHAFIQ Sajad HUSSAIN Muhammad Ali RAZA Nasir IQBAL Muhammad Ahsan ASGHAR Ali RAZA FAN Yuan-fang Maryam MUMTAZ Muhammad SHOAIB Muhammad ANSAR Abdul MANAF YANG Wen-yu YANG Feng | 2021 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2021，20，1： | 16 |
| 2 | Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase: As a potential prognostic marker and immunotherapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘Tumor cells induce an immunosuppressive microen-vironment which leads towards tumor immune escape. Understanding the intricacy of immunomodulation by tumor cells is essential for immunotherapy. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase(IDO) is an immunosuppressive enzyme which mediates tumor immune escape in various cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). IDO up-regulation in HCC may lead to recruitment of regulatory T-cells into tumor microenvironment and therefore inhibit local immune responses and promote metastasis. HCC associated fibroblasts stimulate natural killer cells dysfunction through prostaglandin E2 and subsequently IDO promotes favorable condition for tumor metastasis. IDO up-regulation induces immuno-suppression and may enhance the risk of hepatitis C virus and hepatitis B virus induced HCC. Therefore, IDO inhibitors as adjuvant therapeutic agents may have clinical implications in HCC. This review proposes future prospects of IDO not only as a therapeutic target but also as a prognostic marker for HCC. | Kashif Asghar Asim Farooq Bilal Zulfiqar Muhammad Usman Rashid | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，13： | 16 |
| 3 | 细茎石斛多糖的提取条件优化及其抗氧化活性研究显示文摘[目的]研究细茎石斛多糖的最佳提取条件及其抗氧化活性。[方法]通过单因素试验和响应面分析,研究细茎石斛多糖(DMP)的最佳提取条件。通过体外试验评价细茎石斛多糖的体外抗氧化活性。[结果]在料液比为1∶53,时间为3 h,温度为83℃的提取条件下,DMP最高产量可达185 mg/g。体外抗氧化活性研究结果表明,DMP对超氧阴离子自由基、ABTS自由基、羟基自由基具有明显的清除作用,其中对ABTS自由基清除能力与维生素C相当;DMP对DPPH自由基的清除能力和还原能力效果比较适中。[结论]该研究揭示细茎石斛多糖可以作为一种天然抗氧化剂,为基于多糖的药物及保健食品的开发提供新思路。 | Muhammad Naeem Asghar | 2018 | 安徽农业科学2018，46，20： | 5 |
| 4 | Evaluating the Efficiency of CBAM-Resnet Using Malaysian Sign Language显示文摘The deaf-mutes population is constantly feeling helpless when others do not understand them and vice versa.To fill this gap,this study implements a CNN-based neural network,Convolutional Based Attention Module(CBAM),to recognise Malaysian Sign Language(MSL)in videos recognition.This study has created 2071 videos for 19 dynamic signs.Two different experiments were conducted for dynamic signs,using CBAM-3DResNet implementing‘Within Blocks’and‘Before Classifier’methods.Various metrics such as the accuracy,loss,precision,recall,F1-score,confusion matrix,and training time were recorded to evaluate the models’efficiency.Results showed that CBAM-ResNet models had good performances in videos recognition tasks,with recognition rates of over 90%with little variations.CBAMResNet‘Before Classifier’is more efficient than‘Within Blocks’models of CBAM-ResNet.All experiment results indicated the CBAM-ResNet‘Before Classifier’efficiency in recognising Malaysian Sign Language and its worth of future research. | Rehman Ullah Khan Woei Sheng Wong Insaf Ullah Fahad Algarni Muhammad Inam Ul Haq Mohamad Hardyman bin Barawi Muhammad Asghar Khan | 2022 | Computers, Materials & Continua2022，，5： | 3 |
| 5 | 二硫化钼-还原氧化石墨烯复合材料用作高稳定性燃料电池阴极催化剂载体(英文)显示文摘碳黑是质子交换膜燃料电池中最常用的电催化剂载体材料.然而,由于燃料电池内部环境苛刻(强酸性、强氧化性、湿度大、温度高、电位高等),碳材料易被氧化腐蚀,同时还可能进一步引起Pt催化剂颗粒脱落和团聚,造成催化剂性能衰减,继而影响电池性能与稳定性.为了克服碳载体腐蚀的问题,提高碳材料的石墨化程度是一种可行方法,然而,石墨化程度提高的同时伴随着含氧官能团的减少,这减少Pt离子的沉积位点,造成Pt团聚和颗粒过大等问题,导致催化剂质量比活性过低.另一种方法是开发金属氧化物(WO3, TiO2)、金属氮化物(Mo2N, CrN)、金属碳化物(WC)和导电聚合物(PANI)等非碳载体.然而,这些载体材料的电导率远低于碳,造成催化剂活性较低,只适用于高温和使用强氧化剂(如纯氧、双氧水)等特殊工况.针对上述问题,本文设计合成了二硫化钼-还原氧化石墨烯(MoS2-rGO)复合材料作为燃料电池阴极催化剂的载体材料,利用MoS2的高稳定性及还原氧化石墨烯优异的导电性能与适量的含氧官能团,实现了Pt颗粒的均匀沉积并提高了催化剂活性与稳定性.XRD表征结果显示,使用溶剂热法制备的复合材料同时具有石墨烯与二硫化钼的特征峰,证实MoS2-rGO成功合成.XPS结果进一步证实了六价钼向四价钼及氧化石墨烯向还原氧化石墨烯的转变. TEM与HRTEM显示, MoS2以多层形式存在并成功沉积在rGO表面,和rGO相互搭接形成了连续的电子传输网络,保证了载体良好的导电能力.使用改进的乙二醇还原法制得MoS2-rGO负载Pt催化剂(Pt/MoS2-rGO), TEM显示Pt颗粒均匀分布在载体表面,且Pt颗粒平均粒径为3.2 nm.这主要归功于MoS2充分暴露的活性边缘及rGO表面存在的适量含氧官能团为Pt离子提供了充足的沉积位点.电化学测试显示,在催化ORR反应中, Pt/MoS2-rGO相比于碳载铂(Pt/C)具有更高的起始还原电位,表明MoS2-rGO载体有助于Pt催化剂活性的提升.此外,经历10000圈加速衰减循环后, Pt/C电化学活性面积损失57.6%.相比之下, Pt/MoS2-rGO活性面积损失为46.2%.同时,衰减后Pt/MoS2-rGO半波电位高于Pt/C,进一步确认基于复合载体的Pt催化剂具有更好的稳定性. | Muhammad Tuoqeer Anwar 闫晓晖 Muhammad Rehman Asghar Naveed Husnain 沈水云 罗柳轩 程晓静 魏光华 章俊良 | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Catalysis2019，40，8： | 3 |
| 6 | Interactive effect of shade and PEG-induced osmotic stress on physiological responses of soybean seedlings显示文摘Intensively farmed crops used to experience numerous environmental stresses.Among these,shade and drought significantly influence the morpho-physiological and biochemical attributes of plants.However,the interactive effect of shade and drought on the growth and development of soybean under dense cropping systems has not been reported yet.This study investigated the interactive effect of PEG-induced osmotic stress and shade on soybean seedlings.The soybean cultivar viz.,C-103 was subjected to PEG-induced osmotic stress from polyethylene glycol 6000(PEG-6000)under shading and non-shading conditions.PEG-induced osmotic stress significantly reduced the relative water contents,morphological parameters,carbohydrates and chlorophyll contents under both light environments.A significant increase was observed in osmoprotectants,reactive oxygen species and antioxidant enzymes in soybean seedlings.Henceforth,the findings revealed that,seedlings grown under non-shading conditions produced more malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide contents as compared to the shade-treated plants when subjected to PEG-induced osmotic stress.Likewise,the shaded plants accumulated more sugars and proline than non-shaded ones under drought stress.Moreover,it was found that nonshaded grown plants were more sensitive to PEG-induced osmotic stress than those exposed to shading conditions,which suggested that shade could boost the protective mechanisms against osmotic stress or at least would not exaggerate the adverse effects of PEG-induced osmotic stress in soybean seedlings. | Muhammad Ahsan ASGHAR JIANG Heng-ke SHUI Zhao-wei CAO Xi-yu HUANG Xi-yu Shakeel IMRAN Bushra AHMAD ZHANG Hao YANG Yue-ning SHANG Jing YANG Hui YU Liang LIU Chun-yan YANG Wen-yu SUN Xin DU Jun-bo | 2021 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2021，20，9： | 3 |
| 7 | Chemiluminescent Determination of Cyromazine in Milk Samples Using Copper(III) Chelate-Triton X-100 by Flow Injection Analysis显示文摘 | Muhammad ASGHAR Mohammad YAQOOB Abdul NABI | 2017 | Chemical Research in Chinese Universities2017，33，3： | 2 |
| 8 | Papaya Ring Spot Virus:An Understanding of a Severe Positive-Sense Single Stranded RNA Viral Disease and Its Management显示文摘Viral diseases have been studied in-depth for reducing quality,yield,health and longevity of the fruit,to highlight the economic losses.Positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses are more devastating among all viruses that infect fruit trees.One of the best examples is papaya ringspot virus(PRSV).It belongs to the genus Potyvirus and it is limited to cause diseases on the family Chenopodiaceae,Cucurbitaceae and Caricaceae.This virus has a serious threat to the production of papaya,which is famous for its high nutritional and pharmaceutical values.The plant parts such as leaves,latex,seeds,fruits,bark,peel and roots may contain the biological compound that can be isolated and used in pharmaceutical industries as a disease control.Viral disease symptoms consist of vein clearing and yellowing of young leaves.Distinctive ring spot patterns with concentric rings and spots on fruit reduce its quality and taste.The virus has two major strains P and W.The former cause disease in papaya and cucurbits while the later one in papaya.Virion comprises 94.4%protein,including a 36 kDa coat protein which is a component responsible for a non-persistent transmission through aphids,and 5.5%nucleic acid.Cross protection,development of transgenic crops,exploring the resistant sources and induction of pathogen derived resistance have been recorded as effective management of PRSV.Along with these practices reduced aphid population through insecticides and plant extracts have been found ecofriendly approaches to minimize the disease incidence.Adoption of transgenic crops is a big challenge for the success of disease resistant papaya crops.The aim of this review is to understand the genomic nature of PRSV,detection methods and the different advanced control methods.This review article will be helpful in developing the best management strategies for controlling PRSV. | Muhammad Umer Mustansar Mubeen Yasir Iftikhar Haider Ali Muhammad Zafar-ul-Hye Rafia Asghar Mazhar Abbas Malik Abdul Rehman Ernesto A.Moya-Elizondo Yuejun He | 2022 | Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany2022，91，10： | 1 |
| 9 | Fuzzy-Based Sentiment Analysis System for Analyzing Student Feedback and Satisfaction显示文摘The feedback collection and analysis has remained an important subject matter for long.The traditional techniques for student feedback analysis are based on questionnaire-based data collection and analysis.However,the student expresses their feedback opinions on online social media sites,which need to be analyzed.This study aims at the development of fuzzy-based sentiment analysis system for analyzing student feedback and satisfaction by assigning proper sentiment score to opinion words and polarity shifters present in the input reviews.Our technique computes the sentiment score of student feedback reviews and then applies a fuzzy-logic module to analyze and quantify student’s satisfaction at the fine-grained level.The experimental results reveal that the proposed work has outperformed the baseline studies as well as state-of-the-art machine learning classifiers. | Yun Wang Fazli Subhan Shahaboddin Shamshirband Muhammad Zubair Asghar Ikram UllahAmmara Habib | 2020 | Computers, Materials & Continua2020，，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Tectonic Imprints of the Hazara Kashmir Syntaxis on the Mesozoic Rocks Exposed in Munda, Mohmand Agency, Northwest Pakistan显示文摘Two well-developed mesoscopic folds, D_2 and D_3, which postdate the middle amphibolite metamorphism, were recognized in the western hinterland zone of Pakistan. NW–SE trending D_2 folds developed during NE–SW horizontal bulk shortening followed by NE–SW trending D_3 folds, which developed during SE–NW shortening. Micro- to mesoscopically the NW–SE trending S2 crenulation cleavage, boudins and mineral stretching lineations are overprinted by D_3. The newly established NW–SE trending micro- to mesoscopic structures in Munda termed D_2, which postdated F_1/F_2, is synchronously developed with F3 structures in the western hinterland zone of Pakistan. We interpret that D_2 and D_3 folds are counterclockwise rotated in the tectonic event that has evolved the Hazara Kashmir Syntaxis after the main phase Indian plate and Kohistan Island Arc collision. Chlorite replacement by biotite in the main matrix crenulation cleavages indicates prograde metamorphism related with D_2. The inclusion of muscovite and biotite in garnet porphyroblasts and the presence of staurolite in these rocks indicate that the Barrovian metamorphic conditions predate D_2 and D_3. We interpret that garnet, staurolite and calcite porphyroblasts grew before D_2 because the well developed S2 crenulation cleavage wraps around these porphyroblasts. | Asghar ALI Umer HABIB Atta Ur REHMAN Noor ZADA Zain Ul ABIDIN Muhammad ISMAIL | 2016 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2016，90，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Effects of bismuth on structural and dielectric properties of cobalt-cadmium spinel ferrites fabricated via micro-emulsion route显示文摘Spinel ferrites have a significant role in high-tech applications.In the present work nano-crystalline ferrites having general formula Co0.5Cd0.5BixFe2-xO4 with(x=0.0,0.05,0.1,0.15,0.2,and 0.25)are synthesized via micro-emulsion route.Powder x-ray diffraction(XRD)studies discover the FCC spinel structure.Crystalline size is calculated in a range of 11 nm-15 nm.Lattice parameter calculations are reduced due to its substitution which leads to the exchange of large ionic radius of Fe^3+for small ionic radius of Bi^3+.The x-ray density is analyzed to increase with doping.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)is performed to analyze absorption band spectra.The two absorption bands are observed in a range of 400 cm^-1-600 cm^-1,and they are the characteristic feature of spinel structure.Thermo-gravimetric analysis(TGA)reveals the total weight loss of nearly 1.98%.Dielectric analysis is carried out by impedance analyzer in a frequency span from 1 MHz to 3 GHz by using the Maxwell Wagner model.Dielectric studies reveal the decrease of dielectric parameters.The alternating current(AC)conductivity exhibits a plane behavior in a low frequency range and it increases with the applied frequency increasing.This is attributed to the grain effects in a high frequency range or may be due to the reduction of porosity.Real and imaginary part of impedance show the decreasing trend which corresponds to the grain boundary action.The imaginary modulus shows the occurrence of peak that helps to understand the interfacial polarization.Cole-Cole graph shows a single semicircle which confirms that the conduction mechanism is due to the grain boundaries at low frequency.Dielectric studies reveal the applicability of these ferrites in high frequency equipment,microwave applications,high storage media,and semiconductor devices. | Furhaj Ahmed Sheikh Muhammad Khalid Muhammad Shahzad Shifa H M Noor ul Huda Khan Asghar Sameen Aslam Ayesha Perveen Jalil ur Rehman Muhammad Azhar Khan Zaheer Abbas Gilani | 2019 | Chinese Physics B2019，28，8： | 1 |
| 12 | Addition of organic and inorganic P sources to soil – Effects on P pools and microorganisms显示文摘 | Muhammad Asghar Malik Petra Marschner Khalid Saifullah Khan | 2012 | Soil Biology and Biochemistry2012，，： | 1 |
| 13 | Representation of Power Relationships in The Kite Runner显示文摘 | Muhammad Asghar Malik Ghulam Murtaza Kazim Shah | 2014 | US-China Foreign Language2014，12，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Milestones of Wireless Communication Networks and Technology Prospect of Next Generation(6G)显示文摘Since around 1980,a new generation of wireless technology has arisen approximately every 10 years.First-generation(1G)and secondgeneration(2G)began with voice and eventually introduced more and more data in third-generation(3G)and became highly popular in the fourthgeneration(4G).To increase the data rate along with low latency and mass connectivity the fifth-generation(5G)networks are being installed from 2020.However,the 5G technology will not be able to fulfill the data demand at the end of this decade.Therefore,it is expected that 6G communication networks will rise,providing better services through the implementation of new enabling technologies and allowing users to connect everywhere.6G technology would not be confined to cellular communications networks,but would also comply with non-terrestrial communication system requirements,such as satellite communication.The ultimate objectives of this work are to address the major challenges of the evolution of cellular communication networks and to discourse the recent growth of the industry based on the key scopes of application and challenges.The main areas of research topics are summarized into(i)major 6G wireless networkmilestones;(ii)key performance indicators;(iii)future new applications;and(iv)potential fields of research,challenges,and open issues. | Mohammed H.Alsharif Md.Sanwar Hossain Abu Jahid Muhammad Asghar Khan Bong Jun Choi Samih M.Mostafa | 2022 | Computers, Materials & Continua2022，，6： | 1 |
| 15 | Interrelationships between Deformation and Metamorphic Events across the Western Hinterland Zone, NW Pakistan显示文摘Microscopic to mesoscopic structural investigations and foliation intersection axes(FIAs) preserved in porphyroblasts reveal a very complex history of deformation and tectonism within the southwestern part of the western hinterland zone along the northern margin of the Indian plate, NW Pakistan. D_1, D_2, and D_3 related structures in the southwestern part resemble the F_1/F_2, F_3, and F_4 related structures in the northeastern part of the western hinterland zone. These structures developed at the same time through the same changes in the direction of bulk shortening in southwestern and northeastern parts of the western hinterland zone. FIA set 1 indicates NW-SE shortening. The D_2 fabrics, mineral lineations and fold axes indicate E-W shortening. FIA set 2, D_3 fold axes and mineral lineations indicate NNE-SSW shortening. D_3 deformation event is equivalent to the F_4 deformation event in the northeastern part of the western hinterland zone. D_4 fold axes, mineral stretching lineations and axial plane foliation suggest ENE-WSW shortening. The D_4 NNW-SSE fabrics, which formed in the region after the formation of the MMT(main mantle thrust), Khairabad-Panjal thrust fault, Hissartang thrust fault and MBT(main boundary thrust), likely resulted from ENE-WSW bulk shortening related to development of the Hazara-Kashmir syntaxis. | Asghar Ali Mustafa Yar Muhammad Asif Khan Shah Faisal | 2016 | Journal of Earth Science2016，27，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Novel LaFe_(2)O_(4)spinel structure with a large oxygen reduction response towards protonic ceramic fuel cell cathode显示文摘Highly active and stable electrocatalysts are mandatory for developing high-performance and longlasting fuel cells.The current study demonstrates a high oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)electrocatalytic activity of a novel spinel-structured LaFe_(2)O_(4)via a self-doping strategy.The LaFe_(2)O_(4)demonstrates excellent ORR activity in a protonic ceramic fuel cell(PCFC)at temperature range of 350-500℃.The high ORR activity of LaFe_(2)O_(4)is mainly attributed to the facile release of oxide and proton ions,and improved synergistic incorporation abilities associated with interplay of multivalent Fe^(3+)/Fe^(2+)and La^(3+)ions.Using LaFe_(2)O_(4)as cathode over proton conducting BaZr_(0.4)Ce_(0.4)Y_(0.2)O_(3)(BZCY)electrolyte,the fuel cell has delivered a high-power density of 806 mW/cm^(2)operating at 500℃.Different spectroscopic and calculations methods such as UV-visible,Raman,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory(DFT)calculations were performed to screen the potential application of LaFe_(2)O_(4)as cathode.This study would help in developing functional cobalt-free ORR electrocatalysts for low temperature-PCFCs(LT-PCFCs)and solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs)applications. | Jinping Wang Yuzheng Lu Naveed Mushtaq M.A.K Yousaf Shah Sajid Rauf Peter D.Lund Muhammad Imran Asghar | 2023 | Journal of Rare Earths2023，41，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Effect of fertilizer levels and plant densities on yield and protein contents of autumn planted maize显示文摘 | Muhammad A R Asghar A Muhammad A M | 2010 | Pak J Agri Sci2010，47，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles: Structural Features and In Vivo and In Vitro Therapeutic Effects against Helicobacter pylori Induced Gastritis显示文摘 | Muhammad Amin Sadaf Hameed Asghar Ali Farooq Anwar Shaukat Ali Shahid Imran Shakir Aqdas Yaqoob Sara Hasan Safyan Akram Khan Sajjad-ur-Rahman Imre Sovago | 2014 | Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications2014，，： | 1 |
| 19 | Assessment of Phytochemical Analysis,Nutritional Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Moringa oleifera显示文摘Moringa oleifera is a miracle plant rich in nutrients,antioxidants,and antibiotic properties.Present study was designed to evaluate various biochemical attributes of leaves and flowers of M.oleifera.Plant parts(leaves,flowers)of M.oleifera,collected from different roadsides of Multan district,Punjab,Pakistan,were used as experimental material.Result indicates that alkaloids,saponin,carbohydrates,fats,and protein had a high value in the aqueous extract of both leaves and flowers of M.oleifera.Whereas phenol content was high in methanolic leaves extract and the phenol contents were high in aqueous extract of flowers.The extract yield of M.oleifera leaves and flowers both showed a higher percentage in aqueous extract(57.5%),followed by methanol extract and lowest in ethyl acetate extract.Flavonoids contents were higher in ethyl acetate extract of leaves(33.67%)and aqueous extract of flowers(53.71%).While crude fiber was high in methanolic extract of leaves(12.40%)and in flowers crude fiber was high in ethyl acetate extract(15.86%).The moisture contents were higher in leaves(8.87%)than flowers(7.3%)and similarly,ash percentage in flowers(52.60%)than leaves(41.84%).Ethyl acetate extracts of M.oleifera leaves show antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa while methanolic extract of M.oleifera flowers shows antibacterial activity against Xanthomonas sp.Maximum growth inhibits show in all extracts of leaves against Aspergillus flavus,F.oxysporum,and P.glabrum except for the concentrated aqueous extract of leaves.While in flowers maximum growth inhibits all extracts against P.glabrum,A.niger,and A.flavus except the diluted ethyl acetate extract.Phytochemicals present in different parts of moringa have significant edible and commercial potential.Moringa extracts exhibited significant antimicrobial activity,therefore have applications in pharmaceuticals. | Naima Asghar Abida Aziz Muhammad Farooq Azhar Mohamed El-Sharnouby Uzma Irfan Iqra Rafiq Husnain Farooq Muhammad Ishaq Asif Rehmani Mohamed I.Sakran A.Altalhi Fahad M.Alzuaibr Ayman El Sabagh | 2022 | Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany2022，91，8： | 1 |
| 20 | Optimization Analysis of Sustainable Solar Power System for Mobile Communication Systems显示文摘Cellular mobile technology has witnessed tremendous growth in recent times.One of the challenges facing the operators to extend the coverage of the networks to meet the rising demand for cellular mobile services is the power sources used to supply cellular towers with energy,especially in remote.Thus,switch from the conventional sources of energy to a greener and sustainable power model became a target of the academic and industrial sectors in many fields;one of these important fields is the telecommunication sector.Accordingly,this study aims to find the optimum sizing and technoeconomic investigation of a solar photovoltaic scheme to deploy cellular mobile technology infrastructure cleanly and sustainably.The optimal solarpowered system is designed by employing the energy-balance procedures of the HOMER software tool.The problem objective is considered in terms of cost,but the energy system is constrained to meet the power demand reliably.Process simulations were performed to determine the optimum sizing,performance and monetary cost of the power system,using long-term meteorological datasets for a case study site with defined longitude(31◦25E)and latitude(30◦06N).From the observed results,the total net present cost(NPC)of the proposed system is$28,187.Indeed,these outcomes can provide profound economic,technical,and ecological benefits to cellular operators.It also ensures a sizeable reduction in greenhouse gas that supports sustainable green wireless network(WN)deployment in remote areas. | Mohammed H.Alsharif Raju Kannadasan Amir Y.Hassan Wael Z.Tawfik Mun-Kyeom Kim Muhammad Asghar Khan Ahmad A.A.Solyman | 2022 | Computers, Materials & Continua2022，，5： | 0 |
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