| 1 | Methanotrophy-driven accumulation of organic carbon in four paddy soils of Bangladesh显示文摘Biological methane oxidation is a crucial process in the global carbon cycle that reduces methane emissions from paddy fields and natural wetlands into the atmosphere.However,soil organic carbon accumulation associated with microbial methane oxidation is poorly understood.Therefore,to investigate methane-derived carbon incorporation into soil organic matter,paddy soils originated from different parent materials(Inceptisol,Entisol,and Alfisol) were collected after rice harvesting from four major rice-producing regions in Bangladesh.Following microcosm incubation with 5%(volume/volume)^(13) CH_(4),soil^(13) C-atom abundances significantly increased from background level of 1.08% to 1.88%–2.78%,leading to a net methane-derived accumulation of soil organic carbon ranging from 120 to 307 mg kg^(-1).Approximately 23.6%–60.0% of the methane consumed was converted to soil organic carbon during microbial methane oxidation.The phylogeny of^(13) C-labeled pmoA(enconding the alpha subunit of the particulate methane monooxygenase) and 16 S rRNA genes further revealed that canonical α(type II) and γ(type I) Proteobacteria were active methane oxidizers.Members within the Methylobacter-and Methylosarcina-affiliated type Ia lineages dominated active methane-oxidizing communities that were responsible for the majority of methane-derived carbon accumulation in all three paddy soils,while Methylocystis-affiliated type IIa lineage was the key contributor in one paddy soil of Inceptisol origin.These results suggest that methanotroph-mediated synthesis of biomass plays an important role in soil organic matter accumulation.This study thus supports the concept that methanotrophs not only consume the greenhouse gas methane but also serve as a key biotic factor in maintaining soil fertility. | Nasrin SULTANA Jun ZHAO Yuanfeng CAI G.K.M.Mustafizur RAHMAN Mohammad Saiful ALAM Mohammad FAHEEM Adrian HO Zhongjun JIA | 2022 | Pedosphere2022，32，2： | 1 |
| 4 | Phosalone-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in the colon: evaluation and treatment显示文摘AIM: To investigate the side effects of phosalone on intestinal cells and to evaluate benefits of ellagic acid(EA) as a remedy.METHODS: In order to conduct an in vivo study, a rat model was used. The rats were divided into ten groups based on the materials used in the experiment and their dosage. The first group was fed normally. The second group was administered EA through gavage. Next Four groups were given(1/3, 1/5, 1/10, 1/20) LD50 phosalone; an organophosphorus compound. The last four groups received(1/3, 1/5, 1/10, 1/20) LD50 phosalone and of EA. After one month, the rats were sacrificed and their colon cells were examined to evaluate the level of inflammation, proteins and oxidative stress markers.RESULTS: The results of this research show that phosalone elevates oxidative stress and changes the level of tumor necrosis factor-a(TNF-α), interlukin-6β(IL-6β) and nuclear factor(NF)-κB proteins. EA administration reduced phosalone toxicity and changed oxidative stress and inflammatory markers for all phosalone doses. Overall changes in reduction of TNF-α(230.47 ± 16.55 pg/mg protein vs 546.43 ± 45.24 pg/mg protein, P < 0.001), IL-6β(15.85 ± 1.03 pg/mg protein vs 21.55 ± 1.3 pg/mg protein, P < 0.05), and NF-κB(32.47 ± 4.85 pg/mg protein vs 51.41 ± 0.71 pg/mg protein, P < 0.05) manifest that the efficacy of EA is more viable for 1/3 LD50 dose of phosalone. Furthermore, EA is effective to counteract the negative outcomes of oxidative stress. When EA was used to treat 1/3 LD50 of phosalone's side effects, it improved the level of ACh E activity(48.5% ± 6% vs 25% ± 7%, P < 0.05), TTM(0.391 ± 0.008 mmol/L vs 0.249 ± 0.032 mmol/L, P < 0.05), FRAP(46.04 ± 5.005 μmol/L vs 18.22 ± 1.9 μmol/L, P < 0.01) and MPO(0.222 ± 0.019 U/mg protein vs 0.387 ± 0.04 U/mg protein, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: This research highlights that EA is effective to alleviate the side effects of phosalone by reducing the level of oxidative stress and inflammatory proteins. | Seyedeh Farnaz Ghasemi-Niri Faheem Maqbool Maryam Baeeri Mahdi Gholami Mohammad Abdollahi | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，21： | 0 |
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