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| 1 | Subclinical abnormal glucose tolerance is a predictor of death in liver cirrhosis显示文摘AIM:To determine if subclinical abnormal glucose tolerance(SAGT)has influence on survival of non-diabetic patients with liver cirrhosis.METHODS:In total,100 patients with compensatedliver cirrhosis and normal fasting plasma glucose were included.Fasting plasma insulin(FPI)levels were measured,and oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)was performed.According to OGTT results two groups of patients were formed:those with normal glucose tolerance(NGT)and those with SAGT.Patients were followed every three months.The mean follow-up was932 d(range of 180-1925).Survival was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meyer method,and predictive factors of death were analyzed using the Cox proportional hazard regression model.RESULTS:Of the included patients,30 showed NGT and70 SAGT.Groups were significantly different only in age,INR,FPI and HOMA2-IR.Patients with SAGT showed lower 5-year cumulated survival than NGT patients(31.7%vs 71.6%,P=0.02).Differences in survival were significant only after 3 years of follow-up.SAGT,Child-Pugh B,and high Child-Pugh and Model for EndStage Liver Disease(MELD)scores were independent predictors of death.The causes of death in 90.3%of cases were due to complications related to liver disease.CONCLUSION:SAGT was associated with lower survival.SAGT,Child-Pugh B,and high Child-Pugh and MELD scores were independent negative predictors of survival. | Diego García-Compeán Joel Omar Jáquez-Quintana Fernando Javier Lavalle-González José Alberto González-González Linda Elsa Mu?oz-Espinosa Jesús Zacarías Villarreal-PérezEndocrinology Service and Department of Internal Medicine University Hospital 'Dr. José E. González' and Medical School Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Monterrey 64320 México Héctor J Maldonado-Garza | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，22： | 12 |
| 2 | Characterization of a critical role for CFTR chloride channels in cardioprotection against ischemia/ reperfusion injury显示文摘目的: 进一步描绘膀胱的纤维变性 transmembrane 传导力管理者(CFTR ) 的功能的角色在早、迟了(第二扇窗户) ischemic preconditioning (欧洲电脑生产厂商)- 并且 postconditioning (停靠港) 调停了对 ischemia/reperfusion (I/R ) 的 cardioprotection 损害。 | Sunny Yang XIANG Linda L YE Li-lu Marie DUAN Li-hui LIU Zhi-dong GE John A AUCHAMPACH Garrett J GROSS Dayue Darrel DUAN | 2011 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2011，32，6： | 9 |
| 3 | 钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白-2抑制剂或胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂治疗成人2型糖尿病:临床实践指南显示文摘临床问题对于存在不同心血管风险及肾脏结局的2型糖尿病患者,在原有生活方式干预和/或其他降糖药物的基础上加用钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2(SGLT-2)抑制剂和胰高血糖素样肽1(GLP-1)受体激动剂的获益及风险是什么?现行做法几十年来,2型糖尿病的治疗决策都以控制血糖为主导。SGLT-2抑制剂和GLP-1受体激动剂在传统观念中常被用于二甲双胍治疗后血糖仍控制不佳的患者。目前这一现状已经发生了改变,这得益于多项临床研究结果。研究显示SGLT-2抑制剂和GLP-1受体激动剂拥有独立于药物降糖作用之外的对于动脉粥样硬化性心血管病(CVD)和慢性肾脏病(CKD)的获益。建议本指南阐述了针对不同风险分层的成人2型糖尿病患者使用SGLT-2抑制剂或GLP-1受体激动剂的建议。•伴有3种或更少的心血管风险因素且不存在CVD或CKD:不建议启动SGLT-2抑制剂或GLP-1受体激动剂治疗。(推荐等级:弱)•伴有3种以上心血管风险因素且不存在CVD或CKD:建议启动SGLT-2抑制剂治疗,不建议启动GLP-1受体激动剂治疗。(推荐等级:弱)•已经存在CVD或CKD:建议启动SGLT-2抑制剂治疗和GLP-1受体激动剂治疗。(推荐等级:弱)•已经存在CVD和CKD:建议启动SGLT-2抑制剂治疗(推荐等级:强)和GLP-1受体激动剂治疗。(推荐等级:弱)•对于那些想要进一步降低CVD和CKD结局风险的患者:推荐优先启用SGLT-2抑制剂治疗而非GLP-1受体激动剂治疗。(推荐等级:弱)这项指南是如何制订的一个由患者、临床医生和方法学家共同组成的国际小组提出了这些推荐意见。这些推荐意见基于可信度较高的指南的标准,并使用GRADE分级方法进行评估。该小组采用了息者个体化的观点。证据一项关于获益与风险的系统综述和网络meta分析(764项随机对照研究,包括421346例参与者)发现SGLT-2抑制剂和GLP-1受体激动剂可以降低总体死亡率、心肌梗死发生率、终末期肾病或肾衰竭的发生率(中等至高等质量的证据)。在不同的亚组中这些药物对卒中、因心力衰竭所致住院和其他主要不良事件有不同的影响。药物绝对获益的程度因患者个体风险的不同有很大的差异。(例如,对于接受了超过5年药物治疗的1000例患者,在最低风险人群中死亡人数减少了5人,在最高风险人群中死亡人数减少了48人)。一项关于预后的综述确认了14种风险预测模型,其中一种(RECODe)在证据总结中报告了大部分基线风险评估数据,小组利用该模型以支持风险分层的建议。考虑到患者的价值观及个体差异,指南推荐的支撑证据包括一项对已发表论文的系统综述、一项患者焦点小组研究、一项临床问题总结,以及一项指南调查。指南解读我们依据不同的CVD和CKD风险水平,综合考虑获益、风险和其他因素的平衡,以及每一个风险组别的实际问题,来对推荐意见进行分层。本指南强烈建议CVD和CKD患者使用SGLT-2抑制剂治疗,这说明专家组认为其具有显著的获益。而对于其他成人2型糖尿病患者,推荐等级较弱,这说明专家组想要在获益、风险及治疗花费上取得一个更好的平衡。临床医生通过该指南可以使用可靠的风险计算模型,如RECODe,来明确其患者的个体心血管和肾脏疾病风险。医患交互式总结临床证据和制订决策有助于患者知晓治疗选择,包括进行共同决策。2型糖尿病人群(全球患病率不断增长1-2)正面临着不断增加的心血管疾病、肾脏病和其他并发症的风险3。数十年来,2型糖尿病的管理始终以控制血糖及糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)为治疗目标4-5,但是,最近的高质量随机对照研究已经对这种以血糖为中心的治疗模式发起了挑战。研究结果显示,强化血糖控制未必会降低大血管不良事件,它还可能带来不利影响监管机构现在要求新型糖尿病药物必须证明其具有心血管和肾脏获益才能获得批准。对两类新药--钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2(SGLT-2)抑制剂和胰高血糖素样肽1(GLP-1)受体激动剂(见框图1)的临床试验结果显示,在现有治疗方案(常规治疗)之上加用这些药物,对死亡、心肌梗死、卒中、心力衰竭和肾脏的结局(如进展为终末期肾病)都有获益8-12。 | Sheyu Li Per Olav Vandvik Lyubov Lytvyn Gordon H Guyatt Suetonia C Palmer Rene Rodriguez-Gutierrez Farid Foroutan Thomas Agoritsas Reed A C Siemieniuk Michael Walsh Lawrie Frere David J Tunnicliffe Evi V Nagler Veena Manja Bjφrn Olav Asvold Vivekanand Jha Mieke Vermandere Karim Gariani Qian Zhao Yan Ren Emma Jane Cartwright Patrick Gee Alan Wickes Linda Fems Robin Wright Ling Li Qiukui Hao Reem A Mustafa 无 郭鹤鸣(译) | 2021 | 英国医学杂志中文版2021，24，9： | 7 |
| 4 | 小柴胡汤对体外培养人肝癌细胞株HepG2增殖的影响显示文摘目的探讨小柴胡汤45%乙醇提取物对体外培养人肝癌细胞株HepG2增殖的影响及其可能的机理。方法采用ATP-Lite法测定不同浓度小柴胡汤对体外培养的HepG2增殖的作用,同时利用氧自由基清除能(ORAC)法测定样品的抗氧化活性;以LPS刺激小鼠巨噬细胞RAW264.7产生一氧化氮(NO),Griess法测定NO的终产物亚硝酸盐的含量,观察样品对NO生成的影响。结果小柴胡汤在62.5~500mg/L浓度范围内可以显著抑制HepG2增殖,抑制作用呈剂量相关性,计算半数抑制浓度(IC50)为(90.7±23.7)mg/L。小柴胡汤提取物具有一定的抗氧化活性,其抗氧化能力为阳性对照维生素C的1.3倍。小柴胡汤在3.125~50mg/L浓度范围内均可以显著抑制NO的生成(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论小柴胡汤具有体外抑制人肝癌细胞株HepG2增殖的作用,其抑制作用可能与其抗氧化活性及抑制NO生成有关。 | 廖晖 David J de Vries Linda K Banbury David N Leach | 2010 | 中国中医药信息杂志2010，17，11： | 7 |
| 5 | Hepatitis E virus in patients with acute severe liver injury显示文摘AIM: To examine the incidence of hepatitis E(HepE) in individuals with acute liver injury severe enough to warrant treatment at a transplant unit.METHODS: Hepatitis E virus(HEV) is an emerging pathogen in developed countries causing severe illness, particularly in immunocompromised patients or those with underlying chronic liver disease. HepE infection isoften under diagnosed, as clinicians can be reluctant to test patients who have not travelled to regions traditionally considered hyperendemic for HepE. There are few data regarding the significance of HEV in patients with very severe acute liver injury in developed countries. Eighty patients with acute severe liver injury attending the Scottish Liver Transplant unit were tested for HEV and anti-HEV IgG and IgM. Severe acute liver injury was defined as a sudden deterioration in liver function confirmed by abnormal liver function tests and coagulopathy or presence of hepatic encephalopathy. Eighty percent of these patients were diagnosed with paracetomol overdose. No patients had a history of chronic or decompensated chronic liver disease at time of sampling. IgG positive samples were quantified against the World Health Organization anti-HEV IgG standard. Samples were screened for HEV viral RNA by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS: Four cases of hepatitis E were identified. Three of the four cases were only diagnosed on retrospective testing and were initially erroneously ascribed to drug-induced liver injury and decompensated chronic liver disease, with the cause of the decompensation uncertain. One case was caused by HEV genotype 1 in a traveller returning from Asia, the other three were autochthonous and diagnosed on retrospective testing. In two of these cases(where RNA was detected) HEV was found to be genotype 3, the most prevalent genotype in developed countries. Three patients survived, two of whom had been misdiagnosed as having drug induced liver injury. The fourth patient died from sepsis and liver failure precipitated as a result of hepatitis E infection and previously undiagnosed cirrhosis. Histopathology data to date is limited to mainly that seen for endemic HepE. All patients, with the exception of patient 1, demonstrated characteristics of HepE infection, as seen in previously described locally acquired cases.CONCLUSION: In patients with acute severe liver injury, HEV testing should be part of the initial diagnostic investigation algorithm irrespective of suspected initial diagnosis, age or travel history. | Claire Louise Crossan Kenneth J Simpson Darren G Craig Christopher Bellamy Janice Davidson Harry R Dalton Linda Scobie | 2014 | World Journal of Hepatology2014，6，6： | 4 |
| 6 | 乳汁免疫和猪流行性腹泻病毒病疫苗:历史和现状(译文)显示文摘由于肠道病毒感染导致仔猪在发病率、死亡率和生产能力丧失方面的影响,每年给养猪者带来数百万美元的损失。2013—2014年间,猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)病的暴发给美国养猪业带来了9亿~18亿美元的经济损失。被动乳汁免疫被认为是保护新生哺乳仔猪免受PED等肠道疾病危害的最有希望和有效的方法。通过乳汁免疫被动保护哺乳仔猪的效果依赖于病原特异性IgA浆细胞转运至乳腺的数量和乳汁中分泌型IgA的积累程度,这种免疫途径被定义为'肠-乳腺-sIgA轴'。由于胎盘的不可穿透性,新生仔猪处于无免疫球蛋白的状态,对很多的传染性病原体极易感。它们仅依靠来源于母源的初乳和乳汁抗体获得被动保护。先前开发的关于猪传染性胃肠炎病毒(TGEV)病的活疫苗和灭活疫苗,提供了对母源性免疫和仔猪被动保护机制的理解。在这篇文章中,综述了猪传染性胃肠炎病毒诱导乳汁免疫的研究进展,并指出对当前养猪业正努力控制的猪流行性腹泻病毒感染和相关疫苗的研究方向。同时研究和鉴别出影响乳汁免疫和'肠-乳腺-sIgA轴'的各种因素,有助于改善妊娠母猪预防猪流行性腹泻病毒感染以及改进其它肠道病原用疫苗方案,从而达到提升整个猪群的免疫力、猪群健康和企业生产力的目的。 | Langel Stephanie N Paim Francine Chimelo Lager Kelly M Vlasova Anastasia N Saif Linda J 吕茂杰 | 2017 | 养猪2017，，1： | 3 |
| 7 | MicroRNAs in the Human Heart: A Clue to Fetal Gene Reprogramming in Heart Failure显示文摘 | Thomas Thum Paolo Galuppo Christian Wolf Jan Fiedler Susanne Kneitz Linda W. van Laake Pieter A. Doevendans Christine L. Mummery Jürgen Borlak Axel Haverich Carina Gross Stefan Engelhardt Georg Ertl Johann Bauersachs | 2007 | Circulation2007，，3： | 3 |
| 8 | Factor analysis identifies subgroups of constipation显示文摘AIM:To determine whether distinct symptom groupings exist in a constipated population and whether such grouping might correlate with quantifiable pathophysiological measures of colonic dysfunction.METHODS:One hundred and ninety-one patients presenting to a Gastroenterology clinic with constipation and 32 constipated patients responding to a newspaper advertisement completed a 53-item,wide-ranging selfreport questionnaire.One hundred of these patients had colonic transit measured scintigraphically.Factor analysis determined whether constipation-related symptoms grouped into distinct aspects of symptomatology.Cluster analysis was used to determine whether indi-vidual patients naturally group into distinct subtypes.RESULTS:Cluster analysis yielded a 4 cluster solution with the presence or absence of pain and laxative unresponsiveness providing the main descriptors.Amongst all clusters there was a considerable proportion of patients with demonstrable delayed colon transit,irritable bowel syndrome positive criteria and regular stool frequency.The majority of patients with these characteristics also reported regular laxative use.CONCLUSION:Factor analysis identified four constipation subgroups,based on severity and laxative unresponsiveness,in a constipated population.However,clear stratification into clinically identifiable groups remains imprecise. | Philip G Dinning Mike Jones Linda Hunt Sergio E Fuentealba Jamshid Kalanter Denis W King David Z Lubowski Nicholas J Talley Ian J Cook | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，11： | 3 |
| 9 | Advances in enhanced biological phosphorus removal: From micro to macro scale显示文摘 | Adrian Oehmen Paulo C. Lemos Gilda Carvalho Zhiguo Yuan Jürg Keller Linda L. Blackall Maria A.M. Reis | 2007 | Water Research2007，，11： | 3 |
| 10 | Gamma irradiation of HIV-1显示文摘 | Richard A Smith Jesse Ingels John J Lochemes Joseph P Dutkowsky Linda L Pifer | 2001 | Journal of Orthopaedic Research2001，，5： | 2 |
| 11 | 优于黑箱模型的海洋生态系统模型方法:利用GIS研究沿海生态系统碳通量显示文摘海洋生态系统碳通量研究常用方法包括盆地尺度黑箱模型和高分辨率的三维模型,都强调生态系统中的浮游部分。这些方法适用于海洋研究,但应用于沿海生态系统时会出现相当多的问题,这是因为某些生态位尺度的不同而且底栖生物是该生态系统功能的主导群体。此外,三维模型需要大量的建模工作。该项目基于大量样地调查,应用高分辨率(20m×20m)GIS数据网格对(瑞典波罗的海)Laxemar地区的海岸生态系统进行了研究。该模型在核废料埋藏点安全评估工程背景下发展起来,对假想的从计划中的埋藏点中释放的放射性核素的去向加以估计。该评估项目不仅需要深入了解该地生态系统动态,而且需要定量描述系统中物质的储量和通量。通过数据网格建立对生物量的空间分布、初级生产量和净生态系统产量(NEP)等碳收支状况的描述,从而对该地区碳源和碳汇进行定位。结果表明,在盆地内生态系统特征有较大变异;大尺度上,内部盆地为净生产,而外部盆地为净呼吸,甚至包括浅海底栖植物群落。内部盆地区域的底栖过程较之平流过程对碳通量有较大或类似的影响,而外部盆地则相反。预期放射性核素遵循环境中有机物循环路线,这些研究结果切实增强了我们描述和预测它们在生态系统中去向的能力。 | Erik Wijnbladh Bror Fredrik Jnsson Linda Kumblad 马泽清 | 2006 | AMBIO-人类环境杂志2006，35，8： | 2 |
| 12 | Acquired mutation of the tyrosine kinase JAK2 in human myeloproliferative disorders显示文摘 | E Joanna Baxter Linda M Scott Peter J Campbell Clare East Nasios Fourouclas Soheila Swanton George S Vassiliou Anthony J Bench Elaine M Boyd Natasha Curtin Mike A Scott Wendy N Erber Anthony R Green | 2005 | The Lancet . 2005 (9464)2005，，： | 2 |
| 13 | Perioperative risk factors associated with delayed graft function following deceased donor kidney transplantation:A retrospective,single center study显示文摘BACKGROUND There is an abundant need to increase the availability of deceased donor kidney transplantation(DDKT)to address the high incidence of kidney failure.Challenges exist in the utilization of higher risk donor organs into what appears to be increasingly complex recipients;thus the identification of modifiable risk factors associated with poor outcomes is paramount.AIM To identify risk factors associated with delayed graft function(DGF).METHODS Consecutive adults undergoing DDKT between January 2016 and July 2017 were identified with a study population of 294 patients.The primary outcome was the occurrence of DGF.RESULTS The incidence of DGF was 27%.Under logistic regression,eight independent risk factors for DGF were identified including recipient body mass index≥30 kg/m^(2),baseline mean arterial pressure<110 mmHg,intraoperative phenylephrine administration,cold storage time≥16 h,donation after cardiac death,donor history of coronary artery disease,donor terminal creatinine≥1.9 mg/dL,and a hypothermic machine perfusion(HMP)pump resistance≥0.23 mmHg/mL/min.CONCLUSION We delineate the association between DGF and recipient characteristics of preinduction mean arterial pressure below 110 mmHg,metabolic syndrome,donorspecific risk factors,HMP pump parameters,and intraoperative use of phenylephrine. | Nicholas V Mendez Yehuda Raveh Joshua J Livingstone Gaetano Ciancio Giselle Guerra George W Burke III Vadim B Shatz Fouad G Souki Linda J Chen Mahmoud Morsi Jose M Figueiro Tony M Ibrahim Werviston L DeFaria Ramona Nicolau-Raducu | 2021 | World Journal of Transplantation2021，11，4： | 2 |
| 14 | Safety of Green Tea Extracts: A Systematic Review by the US Pharmacopeia显示文摘 | Sarma Dandapantula N Barrett Marilyn L Chavez Mary L Gardiner Paula Ko Richard Mahady Gail B Marles Robin J Pellicore Linda S Giancaspro Gabriel I Dog Tieraona Low | 2008 | Drug Safety2008，，6： | 2 |
| 15 | Efficacy of azacitidine compared with that of conventional care regimens in the treatment of higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes: a randomised, open-label, phase III study显示文摘 | Pierre Fenaux Ghulam J Mufti Eva Hellstrom-Lindberg Valeria Santini Carlo Finelli Aristoteles Giagounidis Robert Schoch Norbert Gattermann Guillermo Sanz Alan List Steven D Gore John F Seymour John M Bennett John Byrd Jay Backstrom Linda Zimmerman David M | 2009 | Lancet Oncology2009，，： | 2 |
| 16 | Akt Promotes Cell Survival by Phosphorylating and Inhibiting a Forkhead Transcription Factor显示文摘 | Anne Brunet Azad Bonni Michael J Zigmond Michael Z Lin Peter Juo Linda S Hu Michael J Anderson Karen C Arden John Blenis Michael E Greenberg | 1999 | Cell1999，，6： | 2 |
| 17 | Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and risk of neoplastic progression in Barrett’s oesophagus: a prospective study显示文摘 | Thomas L Vaughan Linda M Dong Patricia L Blount Kamran Ayub Robert D Odze Carissa A Sanchez Peter S Rabinovitch Brian J Reid | 2005 | Lancet Oncology2005，，12： | 2 |
| 18 | Factors associated with 5-year survival of combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma显示文摘BACKGROUND Combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma(HCC/CC)is a rare primary hepatic malignancy which carries a poor prognosis due to its aggressive nature.Few centers have enough cases to draw definitive conclusions and there is limited understanding of prognosis.Given the rarity of HCC/CC,an analysis of large national cancer database was needed to obtain larger number of HCC/CC cases.AIM To identify associated factors for 5-year survival of HCC/CC.METHODS We conducted a retrospective study of The Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)database obtained from SEER*Stat 8.3.6 software.Previously defined histology code 8180 for the International Classification of Disease for Oncology,3rd edition was used to identify HCC/CC cases from 2004 to 2015.We collected demographics,American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC)stage,treatment,tumor size,and survival data.These data were converted to categorical variables.The Shapiro-Wilk normality test was used to assess normal distribution.Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare continuous variables without normal distribution,and t-test was used to compare continuous variables with a normal distribution.The Kaplan-Meier survival curve analyzed 5-year survival.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze factors associated with 5-year survival.Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression was done on 5-year survival.We defined P<0.05 was statistically significant.RESULTS We identified 497 patients with the following characteristics:Mean age 62.4 years(SD:11.3),149(30.0%)were female,racial distribution was:276(55.5%)white,53(10.7%)black,84(16.9%)Asian and Pacific Islander(API),77(15.5%)Hispanic,and 7(1.4%)others or unknown.Stage I/II disease occurred in 41.5%and tumor size<50 mm was seen in 35.6%of patients.Twenty-four(4.8%)received locoregional therapy(LRT),119(23.9%)underwent resection,and 50(10.1%)underwent liver transplantation.The overall median survival was 6 mo[Interquartile range(IQR):1-22].After multivariate logistic regression,tumor size<50 mm[Odds ratios(OR):2.415,P=0.05],resection(OR:12.849,P<0.01),and transplant(OR:27.129,P<0.01)showed significance for 5-year survival.Age>60,sex,race,AJCC stages,metastasis,and LRT were not significant.However,API vs white showed significant OR of 2.793(CI:1.120-6.967).Cox proportional hazard regression showed AJCC stages,tumor size<50 mm,LRT,resection,and transplant showed significant hazard ratio.CONCLUSION HCC/CC patients with tumor size<50 mm,resection,and transplant were associated with an increase in 5-year survival.API showed advantageous OR and hazard ratios over white,black. | Tomoki Sempokuya Eric A Wien Robert J Pattison Jihyun Ma Linda L Wong | 2020 | World Journal of Hepatology2020，12，11： | 2 |
| 19 | Earnings and dividend informativeness when cash flows rights are separated from voting rights 显示文摘 | Francis J Katherine Schipper Linda Vincent | 2005 | Journal of Accounting and Economics2005，，39： | 1 |
| 20 | Perfusion MRI of brain tumours: a comparative study of pseudo-continuous arterial spin labelling and dynamic susceptibility contrast imaging显示文摘 | Hanna J?rnum Elena G. Steffensen Linda Knutsson Ernst-Torben Fründ Carsten Wiberg Simonsen S?ren Lundbye-Christensen Ajit Shankaranarayanan David C. Alsop Finn Taageh?j Jensen Elna-Marie Larsson | 2010 | Neuroradiology2010，，4： | 1 |
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