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| 1 | 前瞻性和回顾性心电门控冠状动脉64层CT成像:影像质量和病人放射剂量的对照性研究显示文摘目的比较一组接受前瞻性心电门控64层CT冠状动脉成像病人及另一组接受回顾性心电门控64层CT冠状动脉病人的成像质量及病人放射剂量。方法本研究依从HIPAA法案并得到了机构审查委员会的批准。由于设计是回顾性研究故不需要知情同意。2位独立阅片者分别对100例病人心脏CT成像(每组各50例)的冠状动脉进行分段影像质量评分和综合评分。计算观察者间偏差。记录对应实际扫描Z轴长度的病人放射剂量,以Z轴长度为12cm的典型心脏计算标准化剂量。结果2组病例的临床特征及CT参数匹配良好。 | W.P. Shuman K.R. Branch J.M. May L.M. Mitsumori D.W. Lockhart T.J.Dubinsky 邱建星(译) 唐光健(校) | 2008 | 国际医学放射学杂志2008，31，5： | 129 |
| 2 | 三维CT肾盂成像指导经皮肾造口取石术:结石测量、结石显示及肾盂肾盏系统重建的准确性显示文摘对经皮肾造口取石术(PCNL)前的CT肾盂成像检查进行回顾性研究。对20例肾结石病人应用精心设计的方案进行CT肾盂成像。评分并比较横断位、冠状位最大密度投影(MIP)和容积再现(VR)影像上结石的大小、对比剂排泄的一致性及结石和肾盂肾盏系统重建的准确性。注射对比剂后,横断位像可准确显示结石大小,而在冠状位像上常被低估。增强前后测量结果分别平均为14.7mm:14.4mm(横断位)、17.2mm:16.1mm(冠状位)(P=0.11和0.03)。 | U. Patel R.M. Walkden K.R. Ghani K. Anson 闫喆(译) 李威(校) | 2009 | 国际医学放射学杂志2009，32，4： | 42 |
| 3 | Smart polymers for the controlled delivery of drugs–a concise overview显示文摘Smart polymers have enormous potential in various applications.In particular,smart polymeric drug delivery systems have been explored as“intelligent”delivery systems able to release,at the appropriate time and site of action,entrapped drugs in response to specific physiological triggers.These polymers exhibit a non-linear response to a small stimulus leading to a macroscopic alteration in their structure/properties.The responses vary widely from swelling/contraction to disintegration.Synthesis of new polymers and crosslinkers with greater biocompatibility and better biodegradability would increase and enhance current applications.The most fascinating features of the smart polymers arise from their versatility and tunable sensitivity.The most significant weakness of all these external stimuli-sensitive polymers is slow response time.The versatility of polymer sources and their combinatorial synthesis make it possible to tune polymer sensitivity to a given stimulus within a narrow range.Development of smart polymer systems may lead to more accurate and programmable drug delivery.In this review,we discuss various mechanisms by which polymer systems are assembled in situ to form implanted devices for sustained release of therapeutic macromolecules,and we highlight various applications in the field of advanced drug delivery. | Honey Priya James Rijo John Anju Alex Anoop K.R. | 2014 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2014，4，2： | 5 |
| 4 | Tailoring active compounds across biological membranes by cubosomal technology: an updated review显示文摘It is challenging for many drugs to be transported across various biological membranes. Furthermore, development of many drugs gets thwarted owing to their hydrophilic nature. The bioavailability of such drugs, which is the function of their ability to cross the membrane, tends to be low and exhibit high intra and inter subject variability. At present, formulation scientists are pursuing many projects for transdermal, nasal, target delivery of many active compounds, and it is prudent to explore alternative possibilities. Cubosomes offer transportation and tailoring of active compounds intended for both systemic and dermal delivery. Cubosomes are dispersed, self-assembled nanoparticles of bicontinuous cubic liquid crystalline phase formed from lipid and surfactant systems. Monoolein, poloxamer 407 and polyvinyl alcohol are the mostly used ingredients in the formulation of cubosomes. The adjustment in lipid composition can control the internal and structural changes of cubosomes. Based on the nodal surfaces, three structures of cubosomes proposed are Pn3m, Ia3d and Im3m. Top-down and bottom-up techniques are widely considered in the formulation process of extreme viscous bulk phase and aggregate from a precursor respectively. This article gives a bird's eye view about the engineering, characterization and evaluation of cubosomes, covering researches and applications of cubosomes done till date. | Vinod K.R. Sravya K. Sandhya S. David Banji Anbazhagan S. Prameela Rani A. | 2013 | Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences2013，22，4： | 4 |
| 5 | The pricing of discretionary accruals显示文摘 | K.R. Subramanyam | 1996 | Journal of Accounting and Economics1996，，1： | 3 |
| 6 | Fluorescence as a potential monitoring tool for recycled water systems: A review显示文摘 | R.K. Henderson A. Baker K.R. Murphy A. Hambly R.M. Stuetz S.J. Khan | 2008 | Water Research2008，，4： | 3 |
| 7 | 发展中国家的政府腐败和行政改革显示文摘一、导言发展中国家的经济发展之所以令人捉摸不定,原因诸多,其中主要是由于腐败和缺乏管理才能造成的消极后果,甚至那些已经在行政改革方面进行过若干次尝试的国家也是如此。在多数发展中国家,普遍的腐败已达到流行的程度,而且如今已被看成是其社会行使功能的一种规范。行政管理机器在执行改革措施方面的无能。 | K.R.霍普 黄育馥 | 1988 | 国外社会科学1988，，9： | 3 |
| 8 | AMP-activated protein kinase is negatively associated with intramuscular fat content in longissimus dorsi muscle of beef cattle显示文摘 | K.R. Underwood W.J. Means M.J. Zhu S.P. Ford B.W. Hess M. Du | 2007 | Meat Science2007，，2： | 3 |
| 9 | A WebGIS and geodatabase for Florida’s wetlands显示文摘 | V. Mathiyalagan S. Grunwald K.R. Reddy S.A. Bloom | 2004 | Computers and Electronics in Agriculture2004，，1： | 3 |
| 10 | Development of Low Carbon Microalloyed High Strength Ultra-Thin Cast Strip Products Produced by the Castrip~ Process With Excellent Strength-Ductility Properties显示文摘The CASTRIP* process produces a range of high strength Ultra-thin Cast Strip (UCS) products (380-550 MPa) in thicknesses between 0.9 mm and 1.5 mm, which is very challenging to produce via conventional hot and cold rolled processing routes. The twin roll CASTRIP process fully exploits the hardenability and strengthening potential of Nb in a low C-Mn-Nb-V microalloyed steel type. Significant microstructural strengthening from solute Nb was obtained, even at low microalloying levels, as well as modest Mn additions, through enhancing the hardenability and further strengthening was obtained in coated products by exploiting age hardening during processing on a continuous hot dip galvanising line. Atom probe tomography and TEM determined that Nb was retained in solid solution and subsequent age hardening resulted from the formation of Nb and V rich nanosized particles. Age hardening was achieved without loss of ductility producing galvanised strip with an excellent strength-ductility combination (Y.S. >600 MPa, T.E. >10%). | C.R. Killmore K.R. Carpenter H.R. Kaul D.G. Edelman J.M. Cairney S.P. Ringer J.G. Williams P.C. Campbell W.N. Blejde | 2011 | Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International)2011，18，S1： | 3 |
| 11 | Medical ethnobotany of the Siddis of Uttara Kannada district, Karnataka, India显示文摘 | M.J. Bhandary K.R. Chandrashekar K.M. Kaveriappa | 1995 | Journal of Ethnopharmacology1995，，3： | 2 |
| 12 | Inflammatory pseudotumours of the liver: A spectrum of presentation and management options显示文摘 | P.J. Goldsmith A. Loganathan M. Jacob N. Ahmad G.J. Toogood J.P.A. Lodge K.R. Prasad | 2009 | European Journal of Surgical Oncology2009，，12： | 2 |
| 13 | 通用浓缩机的新发展显示文摘无论是普通浓缩机还是借助添加絮凝剂的高效浓缩机,现其结构均有稳步的进展。在选矿过程中,浓缩机普遍用来浓缩尾矿以回收工艺用水和在过滤前浓缩精矿。浓缩机是逆流倾析工艺的组成部分,且经常用作缓冲贮存设施和用于浮选产品的中间脱水。浓缩机一般要同时完成两项功能,即生产出高浓度的底流和洁净的澄清液,且工作时通常很平稳,一般不用注意看管。但若发生故障或者规格不合适,则对生产能力有很大影响。所有的浓缩机均是借助重力来沉降固体物料的。给料自液面或其附近给入,驱动机构使耙子回转扫集沉降的固体物料到中间的底流锥中。浓缩机的规格大小取决于被浓缩矿浆的性质。 | K.R.萨特尔 何燧生 | 1991 | 国外金属矿山1991，，10： | 2 |
| 14 | The vitellogenin of the honey bee, Apis mellifera : structural analysis of the cDNA and expression studies显示文摘 | M.D. Piulachs K.R. Guidugli A.R. Barchuk J. Cruz Z.L.P. Sim?es X. Bellés | 2003 | Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology2003，，4： | 2 |
| 15 | High Strength AA7050 Al alloy processed by ECAP: Microstructure and mechanical properties显示文摘 | K.R. Cardoso D.N. Travessa W.J. Botta A.M. Jorge | 2011 | Materials Science & Engineering A2011，，18： | 2 |
| 16 | Diverse Tumorigenic Pathways in Ovarian Serous Carcinoma显示文摘 | Gad Singer Robert J. Kurman Hsueh-Wei Chang Sarah K.R. Cho Ie-Ming Shih | 2002 | The American Journal of Pathology2002，，4： | 2 |
| 17 | 锚杆和锚索支护法——日益广泛用作快速、安全和低成本的顶板加固法显示文摘岩层支护具有越来越重要的意义,因为深部矿山和提高劳动生产率的要求导致更高程度的机械化和更大的挖掘工程。这就促使开采推进速度加快,开采感生应力的增长率日益增加。一项挖掘工程一经完工,其周围的岩层就开始移动并向此新开挖的空间膨胀。这种膨胀现象是不能阻止的,但可以控制。幸运的是,在要求提高劳动生产率的同时,岩石力学这门科学也取得了进步。 | K.R.萨蒂尔 周叔良 | 1992 | 国外金属矿山1992，，9： | 2 |
| 18 | How much blood is really lost in total knee arthroplasty?显示文摘 | K.R. Sehat R. Evans J.H. Newman | 2000 | The Knee2000，，3： | 2 |
| 19 | MSH1 Is a Plant Organellar DNA Binding and Thylakoid Protein under Precise Spatial Regulation to Alter Development显示文摘作为新陈代谢的中心,植物细胞器参予维护,防卫,并且发信号。MSH1 是在线粒体和质体涉及 organellar 染色体稳定性的植物特定的蛋白质。MSH1 的质体弄空在开发和 DNA methylation 引起可继承的、非基因的变化。我们从抑制衬里到亚 compartmentalize MSH1 效果的 RNAi 用半互补异种和 transgene 空的 segregants 调查了 msh1 显型。我们证明那 MSH1 表情空间地被调整,明确地在外皮和脉管的实质以内本地化到质体。蛋白质绑 DNA 并且本地化 nucleoids,而是分别和蛋白质蛋白质相互作用数据到质体和 mitochondrial 显示 MSH1 也与 thylakoid 膜联系。在上色,不能生活的压力忍耐,可变生长率,和推迟的成熟的质体 MSH1 弄空结果。从在植物的 7%-10% 的线粒体结果的弄空在叶形态学,热忍耐,和 mitochondrial 染色体稳定性改变了。MSH1 不直接在原子核以内本地化,但是质体弄空在是 MSH1 的可继承的独立人士的 flowering 时间,成熟,和生长率生产非基因的变化。MSH1 弄空在质体和 mitochondrially 改变的线的一个子集改变非光敏的氧化还原作用行为。宫外的表示生产有害效果,加重它的严格的表达式控制。解开 MSH1 效果的复杂性提供卓见进扳机植物特定, transgenerational 改编行为。 | Kamaldeep S. Virdi Yashitola Wamboldt Hardik Kundariya John D. Laurie Ido Keren K.R. Sunil Kumar Anna Block Gilles Basset Steve Luebker Christian Elowsky Philip M. Day Johnna L. Roose Terry M. Bricker Thomas Elthon Sally A. Mackenzie | 2016 | Molecular Plant2016，9，2： | 2 |
| 20 | Overgrowth of mesoporous MCM-41 on faujasite显示文摘 | K.R. Kloetstra H.W. Zandbergen J.C. Jansen H. van Bekkum | 1996 | Microporous Materials1996，，5： | 2 |
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