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| 1 | Presentation and surgical management of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis显示文摘Background:Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis(XGC)is a rare benign chronic inflammatory disease of the gallbladder that often presents as cholecystitis and most of the times requires surgical management.In addition,distinguishing XGC from gallbladder cancer preoperatively is still a challenge.The aim of the present systematic review was to outline the clinical presentation and surgical approach of XGC.Data sources:The present systematic review was designed using the PRISMA and AMSTAR guidelines.We searched MEDLINE,Scopus,Clinicaltrials.gov,EMBASE,Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials(CENTRAL)and Google Scholar databases from inception until June 2020.Results:The laparoscopic cholecystectomy rate(34%)was almost equal to the open cholecystectomy rate(47%)for XGC.An important conversion rate(35%)was observed as well.The XGC cases treated by surgery were associated with low mortality(0.3%),limited intraoperative blood loss(58-270 m L),low complication rates(2%–6%),along with extended operative time(82.6–120 minutes for laparoscopic and 59.6–240 minutes for open cholecystectomy)and hospital stay(3–9 days after laparoscopic and 8.3–18 days after open cholecystectomy).Intraoperative findings during cholecystectomies for XGC included empyema or Mirizzi syndrome.In addition,complex surgical procedures,like wedge hepatic resections and bile duct excision were required during operations for XGC.Conclusions:XGC seemed to be a rare,benign inflammatory disease that presents similar features as gallbladder cancer.The mortality and complication rates of XGC were low,despite the complex surgical procedures that might be required in some cases. | Maximos Frountzas Dimitrios Schizas Efstathia Liatsou Konstantinos P Economopoulos Christina Nikolaou Konstantinos G Apostolou Konstantinos G Toutouzas Evangelos Felekouras | 2021 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2021，20，2： | 4 |
| 2 | How to treat intestinal obstruction due to malignant recurrence after Whipple's resection for pancreatic head cancer: description of 2 new endoscopic techniques显示文摘The prognosis of pancreatic cancer remains poor,even after initial surgical therapy. Local recurrence after Whipple's pancreatico-duodenectomy may lead to intestinal obstruction at the level of the afferent limb or the alimentary limb. Endoscopic insertion of a selfexpandable metal stent(SEMS) into the intestinal malignant stricture is the preferred method of choice for palliation. We describe two new endoscopic techniques to treat a malignant intestinal obstruction with the insertion of a SEMS into the afferent limb and the alimentary limb. A case of malignant gastric outlet obstruction after a Whipple's resection was treated by the creation of an endoscopic gastrojejunostomy by the insertion of a lumen apposing Hot Axios stent in between the stomach and the alimentary limb under fluoroscopic and endoscopic ultrasound control. Biliary obstruction and jaundice caused by a malignant stricture of the afferent limb after a Roux-en-Y Whipple's resection was treated by the insertion of a SEMS by means of the single-balloon overtube-assisted technique under fluoroscopic control. Feasibility and advantages of both techniques are discussed. | Christina Mouradides Alaa Taha Ivan Borbath Pierre H Deprez Tom G Moreels | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，33： | 3 |
| 3 | A Novel Line Immunoassay Based on Recombinant Virulence Factors Enables Highly Specific and Sensitive Serologic Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection显示文摘 | Luca Formichella Laura Romberg Christian Bolz Michael Vieth Michael Geppert Gereon G?ttner Christina N?lting Dirk Walter Wolfgang Schepp Arne Schneider Kurt Ulm Petra Wolf Dirk H. Busch Erwin Soutschek Markus Gerhard | 2013 | Clinical and Vaccine Immunology2013，，11： | 2 |
| 4 | Simplified three-dimensional culture system for long-term expansion of embryonic stem cells显示文摘AIM: To devise a simplified and efficient method for long-term culture and maintenance of embryonic stem cells requiring less frequent passaging. METHODS: Mouse embryonic stem cells(ESCs) labeled with enhanced yellow fluorescent protein were cultured in three-dimensional(3-D) self-assembling scaffolds and compared with traditional two-dimentional(2-D) culture techniques requiring mouse embryonic fibroblast feeder layers or leukemia inhibitory factor. 3-D scaffolds encapsulating ESCs were prepared by mixing ESCs with polyethylene glycol tetra-acrylate(PEG-4-Acr) and thiolfunctionalized dextran(Dex-SH). Distribution of ESCs in 3-D was monitored by confocal microscopy. Viability and proliferation of encapsulated cells during long-term culture were determined by propidium iodide as well as direct cell counts and PrestoB lue(PB) assays. Genetic expression of pluripotency markers(Oct4, Nanog, Klf4, and Sox2) in ESCs grown under 2-D and 3-D cultureconditions was examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Protein expression of selected stemness markers was determined by two different methods, immunofluorescence staining(Oct4 and Nanog) and western blot analysis(Oct4, Nanog, and Klf4). Pluripotency of 3-D scaffold grown ESCs was analyzed by in vivo teratoma assay and in vitro differentiation via embryoid bodies into cells of all three germ layers. RESULTS: Self-assembling scaffolds encapsulating ESCs for 3-D culture without the loss of cell viability were prepared by mixing PEG-4-Acr and Dex-SH(1:1 v/v) to a final concentration of 5%(w/v). Scaffold integrity was dependent on the degree of thiol substitution of Dex-SH and cell concentration. Scaffolds prepared using Dex-SH with 7.5% and 33% thiol substitution and incubated in culture medium maintained their integrity for 11 and 13 d without cells and 22 ± 5 d and 37 ± 5 d with cells, respectively. ESCs formed compact colonies, which progressively increased in size over time due to cell proliferation as determined by confocal microscopy and PB staining. 3-D scaffold cultured ESCs expressed significantly higher levels(P < 0.01) of Oct4, Nanog, and Kl4, showing a 2.8, 3.0 and 1.8 fold increase, respectively, in comparison to 2-D grown cells. A similar increase in the protein expression levels of Oct4, Nanog, and Klf4 was observed in 3-D grown ESCs. However, when 3-D cultured ESCs were subsequently passaged in 2-D culture conditions, the level of these pluripotent markers was reduced to normal levels. 3-D grown ESCs produced teratomas and yielded cells of all three germ layers, expressing brachyury(mesoderm), NCAM(ectoderm), and GATA4(endoderm) markers. Furthermore, these cells differentiated into osteogenic, chondrogenic, myogenic, and neural lineages expressing Col1, Col2, Myog, and Nestin, respectively. CONCLUSION: This novel 3-D culture system demonstrated long-term maintenance of mouse ESCs without the routine passaging and manipulation necessary for traditional 2-D cell propagation. | Christina McKee Mick Perez-Cruet Ferman Chavez G Rasul Chaudhry | 2015 | World Journal of Stem Cells2015，7，7： | 2 |
| 5 | Influence of age in estimating maximal oxygen uptake显示文摘ObjectiveTo 在最大的氧举起的估计( EE )的错误上估计年龄的影响( VO 2最大)用性别和在自从估计,测试的周期测力计锻练特定方程的人口, VO 2最大与实质的 EE 被联系,经常超过20%, 18~91 年,可能,由于机械 efficiency.Methods1850 的内在的可变性,成年人(68%人)经历了最大的周期测力计测试的心肺的锻练。心和肺的健康(CRF ) 相对性别和年龄被估计[更年轻(18 ~ 35 年) ,中年(36 ~ 60 年) 并且更旧(>60 年)] 。VO 2 最大[mL·(kg· min )−1] 被对煤气的交换的评价直接测量并且估计了使用性别和人口特定方程。VO 2 最大和相关 EE 在三年龄特定、性特定的 groups.ResultsDirectly 测量的 VO 2 男人和女人的最大是 29.5 ±10.5 mL·(kg· min )−1 和 24.2 ±9.0 mL·(kg· min )−1(P <0.01 ) 。EE [mL·(kg· min ) 为男人和女人的 −1] 和百分比错误(% E ) 有类似的价值, 0.5 ±3.2 和 0.4 ±2.9 mL·(kg· min )−1, 和 − 0.8 ±13.1% 并且 − 1.7 ±15.4%(P >0.05 ) 分别地。分别地,为每个年龄组的 EE 和 % E 为男人:更年轻的 = 1.9 ±4.1 mL·(kg· min )−1 和 3.8 ±10.5% ,中年的 = 0.6 ±3.1 mL·(kg· min )−1 和 0.4 ±10.3% ,更旧的 =− 0.2 ±2.7 mL·(kg· min )−1 和 − 4.2 ±16.6%(P <0.01 ) ;并且为女人:更年轻的 = 1.2 ±3.1 mL·(kg· min )−1 和 2.7 ±10.0% ,中年的 = 0.7 ±2.8 mL·(kg· min )−1 和 0.5 ±11.1% ,更旧的 =-0.8 ±2.3 mL·(kg· min )−1 和 − 9.5 ±22.4%(P <0.01 ).ConclusionVO 2 最大在更年轻的年龄组被低估并且在老年组被过高估计。年龄显著地影响 VO 2 在男人和女人的最大并且当 CRF 用人口被估计时,应该被认为特定方程,而非直接测量了。 | Christina G de Souza Silva Barry A Franklin Daniel E Forman Claudio Gil S Araujo | 2016 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2016，13，2： | 2 |
| 6 | Prognostic significance of an increased number of micrometastatic tumor cells in the bone marrow of patients with first recurrence of breast carcinoma显示文摘 | Wolfgang J Stephan G Christina K | 2000 | Cancer2000，88，10： | 1 |
| 7 | Histologic Pathologies of the Myocardium in Septic Shock: A Prospective Observational Study显示文摘 | Christian A. Schmittinger Martin W. Dünser Christian Torgersen Günter Luckner Ingo Lorenz Stefan Schmid Michael Joannidis Patrizia Moser Walter R. Hasibeder Milo Halabi Christina M. Steger | 2013 | Shock2013，，4： | 1 |
| 8 | Are urban green spaces optimally distributed to act as places for social integration? Results of a geographical information system (GIS) approach for urban forestry research显示文摘 | Christina G C Klaus S | 2004 | Forest Policy and Economics2004，6，： | 1 |
| 9 | Exploratory studies on the in vitro release and bioavailability of dextropropoxyphene from lipophilic and hydrophilic suppositories显示文摘 | KIRSTI G CHRISTINA G STIG S | 1994 | Int J Pharm1994，102，： | 1 |
| 10 | Signaling in Equity Crowdfunding 显示文摘 | Ahlers GKC Douglas C Christina G | 2012 | Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice2012，，39： | 1 |
| 11 | Are urban green spaces optimally distributed to act as places for social integration? Results of a geographical information system (GIS) approach for urban forestry research显示文摘 | CHRISTINA G C KLAUS S | 2004 | Forest Policy and Economics2004，，6： | 1 |
| 12 | Epigallocatechin gallate, the main polyphenoL in green tea, binds to the T-cell receptor, CD4: Potential for HIV-ltherapy显示文摘 | Williamson M P McCormick T G Nance Christina L | 2006 | Journal of Allergy and ClinicaL Immunology2006，8，6： | 1 |
| 13 | The impact of hepatitis C virus coinfection on HIV-related kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘 | Christina M Wyatt Carlos Malvestutto Steven G Coca Paul E Klotman Chirag R Parikh | 2008 | AIDS2008，，14： | 1 |
| 14 | Connective tissue growth factor(CTGF/CCN2)negatively regulates BMP-2 induced osteoblast differentiation and signaling显示文摘 | Christina M Maureen G Steven NP | 2014 | J Cell Physiol2014，229，5： | 1 |
| 15 | Simulation of an Underwater Hexapod Robot 显示文摘 | Christina G Meyer N Martin B | 2009 | Ocean Engineering2009，36，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Long-Term Therapy with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Adherence, Side Effects and Predictors of Withdrawal A 'Real-Life' Study显示文摘 | Wolfgang G Letizia P Christina P | 2011 | Respiration2011，82，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Behaviors of inorganic matterduring heating of Bulgarian coals显示文摘 | Christina G V Stanislav V V | 2005 | Fuel Processing Tech-nology2005，86，： | 1 |
| 18 | Low serum testosterone as in- dicator of metastic bronchial 显示文摘 | David PT Christina G Kenneth Gd | 1987 | carcinoma Thorax1987，42，： | 1 |
| 19 | Behavior of dements and minerals during preparation and combustion of the Pernik coal显示文摘 | Vassileva Stanislav V Eskenazy Greta M Vassileva Christina G | 2001 | Fuel Processing Technology2001，72，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Micro crack detection with Dijkstra's shortest path algorithm显示文摘 | Christina G Alexander S | | 0，，03： | 1 |
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