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| 1 | Experimental study on hydration damage mechanism of shale from the Longmaxi Formation in southern Sichuan Basin, China显示文摘As a serious problem in drilling operation,wellbore instability restricts efficient development of shale gas.The interaction between the drilling fluid and shale with hydration swelling property would have impact on the generation and propagation mechanism of cracks in shale formation,leading to wellbore instability.In order to investigate the influence of the hydration swelling on the crack propagation,mineral components and physicochemical properties of shale from the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation(LF)were investigated by using the XRD analysis,cation exchange capabilities(CEC)analysis,and SEM observation,and we researched the hydration mechanism of LF shale.Results show that quartz and clay mineral are dominated in mineral composition,and illite content averaged 67%in clay mineral.Meanwhile,CEC of the LF shale are 94.4 mmol/kg.The process of water intruding inside shale along microcracks was able to be observed through high power microscope,meanwhile,the hydration swelling stress would concentrate at the crack tip.The microcracks would propagate,bifurcate and connect with each other,with increase of water immersing time,and it would ultimately develop into macro-fracture.Moreover,the macrocracks extend and coalesce along the bedding,resulting in the rock failure into blocks.Hydration swelling is one of the major causes that lead to wellbore instability of the LF shale,and therefore improving sealing capacity and inhibition of drilling fluid system is an effective measure to stabilize a borehole. | Xiangjun Liu Wei Zeng Lixi Liang Jian Xiong | 2016 | Petroleum2016，2，1： | 14 |
| 2 | MRS and diffusion tensor image in mild traumatic brain injuries显示文摘Objective:To analyze characters of magnetic resonance spectroscopy(MRS) and diffusion tensor imaging(DTI) in the diagnosis of mild trauma brain injuries(MTBI) in frontal lobe and to compare with conventional magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Methods:A total of 21 patients were selected,who all aged 12-51 years old and had injury within 24 hours.Computer tomography (CT) and the Glasgow Coma Scale were used to evaluate the degree of injury.All patients were diagnosed as MTBI,and 19 had conventional MRI,MRS and DTI.The major parameters of MRS were Probe-P sequence,TE= 144 or 35 ms,and both single voxel spectrum and chemical shift imging were included.The major parameters of DTI were diffusion directions =15,b value = 1000 s/mm^2. Frational anisotropic(FA) map and average ADC map were obtained to evaluate DTI result. Positive deletion ratio was observed and the imaging changes were compared between injured side and normal side.Results:All 21 patients had CT scan and Glasgow scale.A total of 19 patients had conventional MRI.DTI and MRS.Results of CT and conventional MRI showed no significant abnormality in lobe,and Glasgow scale showed mild type.MRS result showed significant decrease in N-acetyl aspartate(NAA) and NAA/creatine(Cr) in 13 cases(68.4%) (P<0.001),and increase in lactic acid(Lac) in 7 cases(36.8%).FA mapping of the frontal lobe displayed significant changes in 7 cases(36.8%),with 5 out of the 7 cases having increase in FA value.And there was no significant difference in average ADC.Conclusions:MRS and DTI might be more sensible than other methods,such as CT and conventional MRI in diagnosis of MTBI.The particular changes were reduced NAA and increased Lac for MRS.and increased FA values for DTI. | Jing Chen Hu Jin Ying Zhang Qizhou Liang Haiyan Liao Ziyi Guo Xiangjun Han | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2012，5，1： | 6 |
| 3 | The influence of water-based drilling fluid on mechanical property of shale and the wellbore stability显示文摘Because of high cost and pollution of oil-based drilling fluid,the water-based drilling fluid is increasingly used now.However,bedding planes and micro-cracks are rich in shale formation.When water-based drilling fluid contacts formation rock,it causes the propagation of crack and invasion of drilling fluid,which decrease shale strength and cause wellbore instability.In this paper,we analyzed influence of water-based drilling fluid on shale strength and failure mode by mechanics experiment.Based on those experimental results,considering the effect of bedding plane and drilling time,we established modeling of wellbore stability for shale formation.The result from this model indicates that in certain azimuth of horizontal well,collapsing pressure increases dramatically due to shale failure along with bedding plane.In drilling operation,those azimuths are supposed to be avoided.This model is applicable for predication of collapsing pressure in shale formation and offers reference for choosing suitable mud weight. | Shu He Lixi Liang Yinjin Zeng Yi Ding Yongxue Lin Xiangjun Liu | 2016 | Petroleum2016，2，1： | 6 |
| 4 | Separation and simultaneous quantitation of PGF2α and its epimer 8-iso-PGF2α using modifier-assisted differential mobility spectrometry tandem mass spectrometry显示文摘Because many therapeutic agents are contaminated by epimeric impurities or form epimers as a result of metabolism, analytical tools capable of determining epimers are increasingly in demand. This article is a proof-of-principle report of a novel DMS–MS/MS method to separate and simultaneously quantify epimers, taking PGF2α and its 8-epimer, 8-iso-PGF2α, as an example. Good accuracy and precision were achieved in the range of 10–500 ng/m L with a run time of only 1.5 min. Isopropanol as organic modifier facilitated a good combination of sensitivity and separation. The method is the first example of the quantitation of epimers without chromatographic separation. | Chunsu Liang Hui Sun Xiangjun Meng Lei Yina J.Paul Fawcett Huaidong Yu Ting Liu Jingkai Gu | 2018 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2018，8，2： | 3 |
| 5 | Research on fabric characteristics and borehole instability mechanisms of fractured igneous rocks显示文摘There are favorable exploration prospects in igneous rock reservoirs.However,problems of borehole instability occur frequently during drilling igneous formations,which is a serious impediment to oil and gas exploration and production.The lack of systematic understanding of the inherent instability mechanisms is an important problem.A series of experiments were conducted on several igneous rock samples taken from the sloughing formations in the Tuha area in an attempt to reveal the inherent mechanisms of wellbore instability when drilling in fractured igneous rocks.Research methods involved slurry chemistry,analysis of micro-geological features(Micro-CT imaging,SEM),and rock mechanics testing.The experimental results indicated that clay minerals were widely distributed in the intergranular space of the diagenetic minerals,crystal defects,and microcracks.Drilling fluid filtrate would invade the rock along the microcracks.The invasion amount gradually increased over time,which constantly intensified the hydration and swelling of clay minerals,leading to changes in the microscopic structure of igneous rocks.Primary and secondary microcracks can propagate and merge into single cracks and thus reducing rock cohesion and the binding force along cleavage planes.Based on this result the authors propose that a key towards solving wellbore instability in igneous formations is that specific micro-geological characteristics of the igneous rocks should be taken into consideration in the design of antisloughing drilling muds. | Liu Xiangjun Zhu Honglin Liang Lixi | 2013 | Petroleum Science2013，10，2： | 2 |
| 6 | Machine learning-based estimates of aboveground biomass of subalpine forests using Landsat 8 OLI and Sentinel-2B images in the Jiuzhaigou National Nature Reserve,Eastern Tibet Plateau显示文摘Accurate estimates of forest aboveground biomass(AGB)are critical for supporting strategies of ecosystem conservation and climate change mitigation.The Jiuzhaigou National Nature Reserve,located in Eastern Tibet Plateau,has rich forest resources on steep slopes and is very sensitive to climate change but plays an important role in the regulation of regional carbon cycles.However,an estimation of AGB of subalpine forests in the Nature Reserve has not been carried out and whether a global biomass model is available has not been determined.To provide this information,Landsat 8 OLI and Sentinel-2B data were combined to estimate subalpine forest AGB using linear regression,and two machine learning approaches–random forest and extreme gradient boosting,with 54 inventory plots.Regardless of forest type,Observed AGB of the Reserve varied from 61.7 to 475.1 Mg hawith an average of 180.6 Mg ha.Results indicate that integrating the Landsat 8 OLI and Sentinel-2B imagery significantly improved model efficiency regardless of modelling approaches.The results highlight a potential way to improve the prediction of forest AGB in mountainous regions.Modelled AGB indicated a strong spatial variability.However,the modelled biomass varied greatly with global biomass products,indicating that global biomass products should be evaluated in regional AGB estimates and more field observations are required,particularly for areas with complex terrain to improve model accuracy. | Ke Luo Yufeng Wei Jie Du Liang Liu Xinrui Luo Yuehong Shi Xiangjun Pei Ningfei Lei Ci Song Jingji Li Xiaolu Tang | 2022 | Journal of Forestry Research2022，33，4： | 2 |
| 7 | Preparation and Characterization of Potassium Monopersulfate/Ethyl Cellulose Microcapsules and Their Sustained Release Performance显示文摘Environmental cleaning is an important aspect of bacteria control.Ethyl cellulose microcapsules containing potassium monopersulfate(PMCM)were prepared by emulsified solvent diffusion method.The chemical structure and microstructure of the obtained PMCM was characterized by methods of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and X-ACT energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.The SEM micrographs of the PMCM containing 21.6%of C,46.8%of O,10.7%of S and 19.4%of K was relatively smooth.Thermal stability,sustained release performance,and antimicrobial activity of PMCM were investigated.The results showed that the drug loading and encapsulation efficiency of PMCM were 30.3%and 42.6%respectively.Potassium monopersulfate was fully released after 8 h,following a Fickian diffusion mechanism.Results showed that the microcapsules prepared with a high concentration of potassium monopersulfate solution showed a good antimicrobial effect.The microcapsule wall of the resulting PMCM increased with increasing ethyl cellulose content and had high thermal stability from the data of 69%residue rate.The excellent thermal stability and high sustained release performance of PMCM showed high application value. | Qiaoguang Li Xuming Yan Jialong Chen Xugang Shu Puyou Jia Xiangjun Liang | 2021 | Journal of Renewable Materials2021，9，10： | 2 |
| 8 | New minimally in- vasive technique to occlude secundum atrial septal defect in 53 patients 显示文摘 | Liang T Xiangjun Z Xiaojing M | 2006 | Ann Thorac Surg2006，81，： | 1 |
| 9 | New minimally inva- sire technique to occlude secundum atrial septal defect in 53 pa- tients 显示文摘 | Liang T XiangJun Z XiaoJing M | 2006 | Ann Thorac Surg2006，81，： | 1 |
| 10 | 3,5,4′-Tri-O-acetylresveratrol attenuates seawater aspiration-induced lung injury by inhibiting activation of nuclear factor-kappa B and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α显示文摘 | Lijie Ma Yilin Zhao Beixi Li Qingwei Wang Xueying Liu Xiangjun Chen Yandong Nan Li Liang Ruijing Chang Lifeng Liang Peipei Li Faguang Jin | 2013 | Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology2013，，3： | 1 |
| 11 | New minimally invasive technique to occlude secundum atrial septal de feet in 53 patients显示文摘 | Liang T XiangJun Z XiaoJing M | 2006 | Ann Thorac Surg2006，81，4： | 1 |
| 12 | New minimally invasive technique to occlude secundum atrial septal defect in 53 patients 显示文摘 | Liang T XiangJun Z XiaoJing M | 2006 | Ann Thorac Surg2006，81，4： | 1 |
| 13 | Study of Fractal Characteristics of the Cementation Index in Shale Gas显示文摘The description of pores and fracture structures is a consistently important issue and certainly a difficult problem, especially for shale or tight rocks. However, the exploitation of so-called unconventional energy, such as shale methane and tight-oil, has become more and more dependent on an understanding of the inner structure of these unconventional reservoirs. The inner structure of porous rocks is very difficult to describe quantitatively using normal mathematics, but fractal geometry, which is a powerful mathematical tool for describing irregularly-shaped objects, can be applied to these rocks. To some degree, the cementation index and tortuosity can be used to describe the complexity of these structures. The cementation index can be acquired through electro-lithology experiments, but, until now, tortuosity could not be quantitatively depicted. This research used the well-logging curves of a gas shale formation to reflect the characteristics of the rock formations, and the changes in the curves to indicate the changes of the rock matrix, the pores, the connections among the pores, the permeability, and the fluid type. The curves that are affected most by the rock lithology, such as gamma ray, acoustic logging, and deep resistivity curves, can provide significant information about the micro-or nanostructure of the rocks. If the rock structures have fractal characteristics, the logging curves will also have fractal properties. Based on the definition of a fractal dimension and the Hausdorff dimension, this paper presents a new methodology for calculating the fractal dimensions of logging curves. This paper also reveals the deep meaning of the rock cementation index, m, through the Hausdorff dimension, and provides a new equation to calculate this parameter through the resistivity and porosity of the formation. Although it represents a very important relationship between the saturation of hydrocarbons with pores and resistivity, the Archie formula was not available for shale and tight rock. The major reason for this was an incorrect understanding of the cementation index, and the calculation of saturation used a single m value from the bottom to the top of the well. Unfortunately, this processing method is clearly inappropriate for the intensely heterogeneous material that is shale and tight rock. This paper proposes a method of calculating m through well-logging curves based on a fractal geometry that can change with different lithologies, so that it would have more agreement with in situ scenarios than traditional methods. | LIU Hongqi LIU Shiqiong LUO Xingping SUN Yangsha TIAN Jie LIANG Lixi LIU Xiangjun | 2020 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2020，94，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Experimental on the pore structure characteristics of Longmaxi Formation shale in southern Sichuan Basin,China显示文摘In this paper,the pore structure characteristics of shale samples from the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation in South of Sichuan Basin of China were investigated by total organic carbon(TOC)content determination,X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM),low pressure nitrogen adsorption(LPNA)and high pressure mercury injection(HPMI).The fractal dimension of shale samples was calculated based on Frenkel-Halsey-Hill(FHH)model and thermodynamic relation model.The results showed that the major mineral compositions of shales were quartz and clay content.Organic pores,intergranular pores,intragranular pores,microfractures were widely developed in the shale samples,of which organic pores were the most developed.The pore morphology was mainly ink bottle-shaped pores and slit-shaped pores;the pore size distribution of shale samples was complex with multiple distribution peaks,the pore size between 3 and 40 nm occupied the most of storage space.The fractal dimension Dn1 of pores between 2 nm and 10 nm was 2.7177e2.7933,while fractal dimension Dn2 of pores between 10 nm and 50 nm was 2.2439e2.5468.The fractal dimension Dr of macropores calculated by the thermodynamic model was 2.6401e2.7025. | Linlin Huang Xiangjun Liu Jian Xiong Lixi Liang | 2021 | Petroleum2021，7，2： | 1 |
| 15 | An Intrusion Detection Method for Advanced Metering Infrastructure System Based on Federated Learning显示文摘An advanced metering infrastructure(AMI)system plays a key role in the smart grid(SG),but it is vulnerable to cyberattacks.Current detection methods for AMI cyberattacks mainly focus on the data center or a distributed independent node.On one hand,it is difficult to train an excellent detection intrusion model on a self-learning independent node.On the other hand,large amounts of data are shared over the network and uploaded to a central node for training.These processes may compromise data privacy,cause communication delay,and incur high communication costs.With these limitations,we propose an intrusion detection method for AMI system based on federated learning(FL).The intrusion detection system is deployed in the data concentrators for training,and only its model parameters are communicated to the data center.Furthermore,the data center distributes the learning to each data concentrator through aggregation and weight assignments for collaborative learning.An optimized deep neural network(DNN)is exploited for this proposed method,and extensive experiments based on the NSL-KDD dataset are carried out.From the results,this proposed method improves detection performance and reduces computation costs,communication delays,and communication overheads while guaranteeing data privacy. | Haolan Liang Dongqi Liu Xiangjun Zeng Chunxiao Ye | 2023 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2023，11，3： | 0 |
| 16 | Did the MS 7.0 Lushan earthquake dynamically trigger earthquakes in the Datong volcanic region(Shanxi Province)?显示文摘Immediately following the MS7.0 Lushan earthquake on April 20,2013,using high-pass and lowpass filtering on the digital seismic stations in the Shanxi Province,located about 870–1,452 km from the earthquake epicenter,we detected some earthquakes at a time corresponding to the first arrival of surface waves in high-pass filtering waveform.The earthquakes were especially noticed at stations in Youyu(YUY),Shanzizao(SZZ),Shanghuangzhuang(SHZ),and Zhenchuan(ZCH),which are located in a volcanic region in the Shanxi Province,but they were not listed in the Shanxi seismic observation report.These earthquakes occurred 4–50 min after the passage of the maximum amplitude Rayleigh wave,and the periods of the surface waves were mainly between 15 and20 s following.The Coulomb stresses caused by the Rayleigh waves that acted on the four stations was about0.001 MPa,which is a little lower than the threshold value of dynamic triggering,therefore,we may conclude that the Datong volcanic region is more sensitive to the Coulomb stress change.To verify,if the similar phenomena are widespread,we used the same filtering to observecontrastively continuous waveform data before,and 5 h after,the MS7.0 Lushan earthquake and MS9.0 Tohoku earthquake in 2011.The results show that the similar phenomena occur before the earthquakes,but the seismicity rates after the earthquakes are remarkably increased.Since these weak earthquakes are quite small,it is hard to get clear phase arrival time from three or more stations to locate them.In addition,the travel time differences between P waves and S waves(S–P)are all less than 4 s,that means the events should occur in 34 km around the stations in the volcanic region.The stress of initial dynamic triggering of the MS9.0 Tohoku earthquake was about0.09 MPa,which is much higher than the threshold value of dynamic triggering stress.The earthquakes after the MS9.0 Tohoku earthquake are related to dynamic triggering stress,but the events before the earthquake cannot be linked to seismic events,but may be related to the background seismicity or from other kinds of local sources,such as anthropogenic sources(i.e.,explosions).Using two teleseismic filtering,the small background earthquakes in the Datong volcanic region occur frequently,thus we postulate that previous catalog does not apply bandpass filter to pick out the weak earthquakes,and some of the observed weak events were not triggered by changes in the dynamic stress field. | Meiqin Song Yong Zheng Rui Fu Xiangjun Liang Xia Wang Li Li Bin Li | 2013 | Earthquake Science2013，26，3： | 0 |
| 17 | PSO-LSSVM-based Online SOC Estimation for Simulation Substation Battery显示文摘As the emergency power supply for a simulation substation,lead-acid batteries have a work pattern featuring noncontinuous operation,which leads to capacity regeneration.However,the accurate estimation of battery state of charge(SOC),a measurement of the amount of energy available in a battery,remains a hard nut to crack because of the non-stationarity and randomness of battery capacity change.This paper has proposed a comprehensive method for lead-acid battery SOC estimation,which may aid in maintaining a reasonable charging schedule in a simulation substation and improving battery’s durability.Based on the battery work pattern,an improved Ampere-hour method is used to calculate the SOC during constant current and constant voltage(CC/CV)charging and discharging.In addition,the combined Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)and Least Squares Support Vector Machine(LSSVM)model is used to estimate the SOC during non-CC discharging.Experimental results show that this method is workable in online SOC estimation of working batteries in a simulation substaion,with the maximum relative error standing at only 2.1%during the non-training period,indicating a high precision and wide applicability. | Qiang Zhang Xianguang Zha Jun Wu Liang Zhang Wei Dai Gang Ren Shiqian Li Ning Ji Xiangjun Zhu Fengwei Tian | 2022 | Structural Durability & Health Monitoring2022，16，1： | 0 |
| 18 | Study on V_P/ V_S Variation Behavior in the Shanxi Region by the Wadati Single Station and Multi-earthquake Method显示文摘Based on arrival time data of seismic phases of ML≥2. 0 earthquakes measured at Shanxi Digital Seismic Network for the period from January 2001 to October 2014,V_P/ V_S in the Shanxi region is calculated using the Wadati single station and multi-earthquake method,and an investigation is conducted into the variation behavior of V_P/ V_S in the Shanxi region before and after the three earthquakes of MS≥4. 5 in 2010. Our study finds that abnormal V_P/ V_S appeared earlier at distant stations before all of the three earthquakes,which is at the time range from 6 months to 1 year before the earthquakes,and later at near stations,at the time range 10 days to 2 months before earthquakes. Therefore,it s possible to narrow down the scope of the location in earthquake prediction from the distant and near station data. The calculations of Dongshan seismic station indicate that the size of the residual of the origin time has impact on the detail of V_P/ V_S variation,thus,appropriate thresholds should firstly be set for the residuals of origin time at each seismic station in practical application,to ensure scientific and steady V_P/ V_S calculations. | Weng Zhaoqiang Liang Xiangjun Wu Haoyu Liu Linfei Li Li | 2015 | Earthquake Research in China2015，29，4： | 0 |
| 19 | Probability Distribution of China Aviation Network Average Degree of Edge Vertices and Its Evolutionary Trace Based on Complex Network显示文摘In order to reveal the complex network characteristics and evolution principle of China aviation network, the probability distribution and evolution trace of average degree of edge vertices of China aviation network were studied based on the statistics data of China civil aviation network in 1988, 1994, 2001, 2008 and 2015. According to the theory and method of complex network, the network system was constructed with the city where the airport was located as the network node and the route between cities as the edge of the network. Based on the statistical data, the average degrees of edge vertices in China aviation network in 1988, 1994, 2001, 2008 and 2015 were calculated. Using the probability statistical analysis method and regression analysis approach, it was found that the average degree of edge vertices had the probability distribution of normal function and the position parameters and scale parameters of the probability distribution had linear evolution trace. | Cheng Xiangjun Zhang Chunyue Liang Yanping | 2024 | Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering2024，12，2： | 0 |
| 20 | Influences of bedding characteristics on the acoustic wave propagation characteristics of shales显示文摘The acoustic response characteristics of shales were investigated by the acoustic transmission experiment,which is the basis of solving geological and engineering problems using the seismic or logging information during the process of the exploration and development of shale gas reservoirs.Based on the theory of acoustic wave and the background of acoustic transmission experiment,the initial condition,vibration source condition,boundary condition and stability condition were constructed,and the numerical simulation of acoustic transmission experiment of shales were completed through Matlab programming.The results show that under the same bedding angle,the acoustic time and attenuation coefficient of shales shown positive correlation with the bedding density;whereas under the same bedding density,the variation laws of the acoustic time and the attenuation coefficient of shales were more complex with the change of the bedding angle,that is,the acoustic time and attenuation coefficient of shales increased first,then decreased and then increased again with the increase of the bedding angle. | Jian Xiong Kaiyuan Liu Xiangjun Liu Lixi Liang Chongyang Zhang | 2021 | Petroleum2021，7，1： | 0 |
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