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1Approaches to establish Q-markers for the quality standards of traditional Chinese medicines显示文摘Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has played a pivotal role in maintaining the health of Chinese people and is now gaining increasing acceptance around the global scope. However, TCM is confronting more and more concerns with respect to its quality. The intrinsic 'multicomponent and multitarget' feature of TCM necessitates the establishment of a unique quality and bioactivity evaluation system, which is different from that of the Western medicine. However, TCM is investigated essentially as'herbal medicine' or 'natural product', and the pharmacopoeia quality monographs are actually chemicalmarkers-based, which can ensure the consistency only in the assigned chemical markers, but, to some extent, have deviated from the basic TCM theory. A concept of 'quality marker'(Q-marker), following the 'property-effect-component' theory, is proposed. The establishment of Q-marker integrates multidisciplinary technologies like natural products chemistry, analytical chemistry, bionics, chemometrics,pharmacology, systems biology, and pharmacodynamics, etc. Q-marker-based fingerprint and multicomponent determination conduce to the construction of more scientific quality control system of TCM.This review delineates the background, definition, and properties of Q-marker, and the associated technologies applied for its establishment. Strategies and approaches for establishing Q-marker-based TCM quality control system are presented and highlighted with a few TCM examples.Wenzhi Yang Yibei Zhang Wanying Wu Luqi Huang Dean Guo Changxiao Liu 2017Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2017,7,4:51
2Chinese Stroke Association guidelines for clinical management of cerebrovascular disorders: executive summary and 2019 update of clinical management of ischaemic cerebrovascular diseases显示文摘Aim Stroke is the leading cause of disability and death in China.Ischaemic stroke accounts for about 60%-80%of all strokes.It is of considerable significance to carry out multidimensional management of ischaemic cerebrovascular diseases.This evidence-based guideline aims to provide the latest detailed and comprehensive recommendations on the diagnosis,treatment and secondary prevention of ischaemic cerebrovascular diseases.Methods We had performed comprehensive searches of MEDLINE(via PubMed)(before 30 June 2019),and integrated the relevant information into charts and distributed to the writing group.Writing group members discussed and determined the recommendations through teleconference.We used the level of evidence grading algorithm of Chinese Stroke Association to grade each recommendation.The draft was reviewed by the Guideline Writing Committee of Chinese Stroke Association Stroke and finalised.This guideline is fully updated every 3 years.results This evidence-based guideline is based on the treatment,care and prevention of ischaemic cerebrovascular diseases,which emphasises on pathogenesis evaluation,intravenous thrombolysis,endovascular therapy,antiplatelet therapy,prevention and treatment of complications,and risk factor management.Conclusions This updated guideline presents a framework for the management of ischaemic cerebrovascular diseases.Timely first-aid measures,professional care in the acute stage,and proactive secondary prevention will be helpful to patients.Liping Liu Weiqi Chen Hongyu Zhou Wanying Duan Shujuan Li Xiaochuan Huo Weihai Xu Li'an Huang Huaguang Zheng Jingyi Liu Hui Liu Yufei Wei Jie Xu Yongjun Wang 2020Stroke & Vascular Neurology2020,5,2:42
3Endovascular treatment with or without intravenous alteplase for acute ischaemic stroke due to basilar artery occlusion显示文摘Background and purpose It remains controversial if endovascular treatment(EVT)can improve the outcome of patients with acute basilar artery occlusion(BAO).This study aims to compare the functional outcomes between EVT with and without intravenous thrombolysis(IVT)first in patients who had acute ischaemic stroke(AIS)due to BAO.Methods Patients who had AIS with BAO who underwent EVT within 24 hours of onset were enrolled in this multicentre cohort study,and the efficacy and safety were compared between IVT+EVT and direct EVT.The primary outcome was 90-day functional independence.All outcomes were assessed with adjusted OR(aOR)from the multivariable logistic regression.In addition,a meta-analysis was performed on all recently published pivotal studies on functional independence after EVT in patients with BAO.Results Of 310 enrolled patients with BAO,241(78%)were treated with direct EVT and 69(22%)with IVT+EVT.Direct EVT was associated with a worse functional outcome(aOR,0.46(95%CI 0.24 to 0.85),p=0.01).IVT+EVT was associated with a lower percentage of patients who needed≥3 passes of stent retriever(10.14%vs 20.75%).The meta-analysis regression revealed a potential positive correlation between bridging with IVT first and functional independence(r=0.14(95%CI 0.05 to 0.24),p<0.01).Conclusions This study showed that compared with direct EVT,EVT with IVT first was associated with better functional outcomes in patients with BAO treated within 24 hours of onset.The meta-analysis demonstrated similar favourable efficacy of IVT first followed by EVT in patients with BAO.Ximing Nie David Wang Yuehua Pu Yufei Wei Qixuan Lu Hongyi Yan Xin Liu Lina Zheng Jingyi Liu Xinxuan Yang Yarong Ding Dacheng Liu Wanying Duan Zhe Zhang Zhonghua Yang Miao Wen Weibin Gu Xinyi Hou Xinyi Leng Yuesong Pan Zhongrong Miao Liping Liu 2022Stroke & Vascular Neurology2022,7,3:10
4Room temperature ferromagnetism in ultra-thin van der Waals crystals of 1T-CrTe2显示文摘Although many emerging new phenomena have been unraveled in two dimensional(2D)materials with long-range spin orderings,the usually low critical temperature in van der Waals(vdW)magnetic material has thus far hindered the related practical applications.Here,we show that ferromagnetism can hold above 300 K in a metallic phase of 1T-CrTe2 down to the ultra-thin limit.It thus makes CrTe2 so far the only known exfoliated ultra-thin vdW magnets with intrinsic long-range magnetic ordering above room temperature.An in-plane room-temperature negative anisotropic magnetoresistance(AMR)was obtained in ultra-thin CrTe2 devices,with a sign change in the AMR at lower temperature,with−0.6%and+5%at 300 and 10 K,respectively.Our findings provide insights into magnetism in ultra-thin CrTe2,expanding the vdW crystals toolbox for future room-temperature spintronic applications.Xingdan Sun Wanying Li Xiao Wang Qi Sui Tongyao Zhang Zhi Wang Long Liu Da Li Shun Feng Siyu Zhong Hanwen Wang Vincent Bouchiat Manuel Nunez Regueiro Nicolas Rougemaille Johann Coraux Anike Purbawati Abdellali Hadj-Azzem Zhenhua Wang Baojuan Dong Xing Wu Teng Yang Guoqiang Yu Bingwu Wang Zheng Han Xiufeng Han Zhidong Zhang 2020Nano Research2020,13,12:6
5Correlations Between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms,Cognitive Dysfunction,and Postmortem Brain Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease Among Han Chinese显示文摘In this study, the distribution of five Alzheimer's disease(AD)-related single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) in the Han population was examined in combination with the evaluation of clinical cognition and brain pathological analysis. The associations among SNPs,clinical daily cognitive states, and postmortem neuropathological changes were analyzed in 110 human brains from the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College(CAMS/PUMC) Human Brain Bank.APOE ?4(OR = 4.482, P = 0.004), the RS2305421 GG genotype(adjusted OR = 4.397, P = 0.015), and the RS10498633 GT genotype(adjusted OR = 2.375,P = 0.028) were associated with a higher score on the ABC(Ab plaque score, Braak NFT stage, and CERAD neuritic plaque score) dementia scale. These results advance our understanding of the pathogenesis of AD,the relationship between pathological diagnosis and clinical diagnosis, and the SNPs in the Han population for future research.Qian Yang Kang Chen Hanlin Zhang Wanying Zhang Changlin Gong Qing Zhang Pan Liu Tianyi Sun Yuanyuan Xu Xiaojing Qian Wenying Qiu Chao Ma 2019Neuroscience Bulletin2019,35,2:5
6Novel C-17 spirost protostane-type triterpenoids from Alisma plantago-aquatica with antiinflammatory activity in Caco-2 cells显示文摘Twenty-one protostane-type triterpenoids with diverse structures, including nine new compounds(1 e9), were isolated from the of Alisma plantago-aquatica Linn. Structurally, alisolides A-F(1 e6), composed of an oxole group coupled to a five-membered ring, represent unusual C-17 spirost protostane-type triterpenoids. Alisolide H(8) is a novel triterpenoid with an unreported endoperoxide bridge. Alisolide I(9) represents the first example of 23,24-acetal triterpenoid. Their structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic analysis, wherein the absolute configurations of 4-6, 8 were further confirmed by the Mo2(OAc)4-induced ECD method. Furthermore, all isolates were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on LPS-induced NO production in Caco-2 cells, and all the compounds showed remarkable inhibitory activities, with IC50 values in the range of 0.76 e38.20 mmol/L.Qinghao Jin Jianqing Zhang Jinjun Hou Min Lei Chen Liu Xia Wang Yong Huang Shuai Yao Bang Yeon Hwang Wanying Wu Dean Guo 2019Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2019,9,4:3
7Optimization of Rooting Medium for Tissue Culture Seedlings of Dendrobium officinale by Response Surface Methodology显示文摘[Objectives] To increase the survival rate of tissue culture seedlings of Dendrobium officinale,and optimize the conditions of rooting medium by the response surface methodology( RSM). [Methods]The effects of 6-BA concentration,NAA concentration,potato amount and the amount of mashed banana on the growth of seedlings were determined by single factor experiment and were analyzed by Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology. [Results]The optimal culture conditions: rooting medium 1/2 MS + 6-BA 0. 24 mg/L + mashed banana 87. 63 g/L + potato 89. 30 g/L + NAA 0. 52 mg/L + sucrose 20. 0 g/L + activated carbon 4. 0 g/L + agar 7. 0 g/L,p H 5. 8,and light intensity 2 000 Lx. [Conclusions]The model established by response surface methodology has a good predictability and could be used to optimize the conditions of tissue culture and rooting medium of D. officinale.Wenshu PENG Aibing JI Wanying GONG Cong LIU Ying ZENG Qiaomei WANG Liang YAN 2018Medicinal Plant2018,9,5:2
8雄激素性秃发的中西医治疗进展显示文摘雄激素性秃发(AGA)是临床中常见的遗传相关的脱发性疾病,其发病机制尚不完全清楚,雄激素信号传导通路可能在AGA中扮演重要角色,抗雄激素治疗效果明显,极少部分患者可能因心理作用造成性功能降低,但停药后症状基本消失。以祖国医学'辨证论治'理论为指导的中医诊疗思路对于巩固疗效、降低药物副作用具有一定优势。本文从中、西医不同角度阐述AGA的治疗进展,为临床诊治提供新思路。孙文 高扬 查旭山 CHEN Yujia LIU Hongru DENG Wanying HUANG Shuhong LIU Jing 2016中国医学文摘(皮肤科学)2016,33,4:2
9Haemostatic therapy in spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage patients with high-risk of haematoma expansion by CT marker: a systematic review and meta- analysis of randomised trials显示文摘Background and purpose Current randomised controlled trials(RCTs)showed an uncertain benefit of haemostatic therapy on preventing haematoma expansion and improving the outcome in patients with intracerebral haemorrhage(ICH).This meta-analysis aims to systematically evaluate the effect of haemostatic agents on the prevention of haemorrhage growth in patients with high-risk spontaneous ICH predicted by CT signs in RCTs.Methods A comprehensive search of PubMed,EMBASE and Cochrane library from 1 January 2005 to 30 June 2021 was conducted.RCTs that compared haemostatic agents with placebo for the treatment of spontaneous patients with ICH with high-risk haemorrhage growth were included.The primary endpoint was haematoma expansion at 24 hours.Other major endpoints of interest included 90-day functional outcome and mortality.Results The meta-analysis included four RCTs that randomised 2666 patients with ICH with high-risk haemorrhage growth.Haemostatic therapy reduced the rate of haematoma expansion at a marginally statistically significant level when compared with placebo(OR 0.84;95% CI 0.70 to 1.00;p=0.051).Subgroup analysis for patients with black hole sign on CT revealed a significant reduction of haematoma expansion with haemostatic therapy(OR 0.61;95% CI 0.39 to 0.94;p=0.03).However,both the primary analysis and subgroup analyses showed that haemostatic therapy could not reduce the rate of poor functional outcome(modified Rankin Scale>3)or death.Conclusions Haemostatic therapy showed a marginally significant benefit in reducing early haematoma expansion in patients with high-risk spontaneous ICH predicted by markers on CT scan.However,no significant improvement in functional outcome or reduction of mortality was observed.Ximing Nie Jingyi Liu Dacheng Liu Qi Zhou Wanying Duan Yuehua Pu Zhonghua Yang Miao Wen Haixin Sun Wenzhi Wang Shengjun Sun Hongqiu Gu Liping Liu 2021Stroke & Vascular Neurology2021,6,2:2
10Potential methane and nitrous oxide production and respiration rates from penguin and seal colony tundra soils during freezing–thawing cycles under different water contents in coastal Antarctica显示文摘In coastal Antarctica, frequent freezing–thawing cycles(FTCs) and changes to the hydrological conditions may affect methane(CH_4) and nitrous oxide(N_2O) production and respiration rates in tundra soils, which are difficult to observe in situ. Tundra soils including ornithogenic tundra soil(OAS), seal colony soil(SCS) and emperor penguin colony soil(EPS) were collected. In laboratory, we investigated the effects of FTCs and water addition on potential N_2O and CH_4 production and respiration rates in the soils. The CH_4 fluxes from OAS and SCS were much less than that from EPS. Meanwhile, the N_2O fluxes from OAS and EPS were much less than that from SCS. The N_2O production rates from all soils were extremely low during freezing, but rapidly increased following thawing. In all cases, FTC also induced considerably enhanced soil respiration, indicating that soil respiration response was sensitive to the FTCs. The highest cumulative rates of CH_4, N_2O and CO_2 were 59.5 mg CH_4-C·kg^(-1) in EPS, 6268.8 μg N_2O-N·kg^(-1) in SCS and 3522.1 mg CO_2-C·kg^(-1) in OAS. Soil water addition had no significant effects on CH_4 production and respiration rates, but it could reduce N_2O production in OAS and EPS, and it stimulated N_2O production in SCS. Overall, CH_4 and N_2O production rates showed a trade-off relationship during the three FTCs. Our results indicated that FTCs greatly stimulated soil N_2O and CO_2 production, and water increase has an important effect on soil N_2O production in coastal Antarctic tundra.LIU Yashu ZHANG Wanying ZHU Renbin XU Hua 2017Advances in Polar Science2017,28,1:2
11PM_(2.5) exposure associated with microbiota gut-brain axis:Multi-omics mechanistic implications from the BAPE study显示文摘Recent studies have shown that PM_(2.5) may activate the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal(HPA)axis by inducing hormonal changes,potentially explaining the increase in neurological and cardiovascular risks.In addition,an association between PM_(2.5) and gut microbiota and metabolites was established.The above evidence represents crucial parts of the gut-brain axis(GBA).In view of this evidence.Tiantian Li Jianlong Fang Song Tang Hang Du Liang Zhao Yanwen Wang Fuchang Deng Yuanyuan Liu Yanjun Du Liangliang Cui Wanying Shi Yan Wang Jiaonan Wang Yingjian Zhang Xiaoyan Dong Ying Gao Yu Shen Li Dong Huichan Zhou Qinghua Sun Haoran Dong Xiumiao Peng Yi Zhang Meng Cao Hong Zhi Jingyang Zhou Xiaoming Shi 2022The Innovation2022,3,2:2
12Spatial Heterogeneity of Agricultural Science and Technology Parks Technology Diffusion: A Case Study of Yangling ASTP显示文摘Agricultural science and technology parks(ASTPs) represent an important growth pole in China’s agricultural modernization.Clarifying their diffusion laws can optimize the technological diffusion process and improve its efficiency. Our study uses disaggregated spatial information in its model to analyze ASTP technology diffusion in a heterogeneous space. We constructed a comprehensive index system to evaluate the diffusion environmental quality and introduced the heterogeneous diffusion equation to calculate the technological diffusion probability. We applied this framework to a real-world scenario: the apple planting technology diffusion of the Yangling ASTP in the Loess Plateau, China. The results indicated: (1)the technological diffusion environment of the Loess Plateau advantageous apple producing area showed strong spatial heterogeneity caused by climate, topography, and external transportation links.(2) Under the combined effects of distance and spatial heterogeneity, the spatial diffusion pattern of the Yangling ASTP apple technology was expansion diffusion supplemented by hierarchical diffusion and banded diffusion, and (3) ASTP technology diffusion showed a strong distance attenuation effect, and the frictional effect of distance can be decreased by improving the diffusion environmental quality. These laws can promote regional balanced ASTP-driven development.WANG Zhao LIU Jianhong LI Tongsheng REN Wanying RUI Yang 2021Chinese Geographical Science2021,31,4:1
13Comparison of social interaction and neural activation in the main olfactory bulb and the accessory olfactory bulb between Microtus mandarinus and Microtus fortis显示文摘To gain insight into the function of AOB and MOB during different social interaction and in different vole species,the behaviors and neural activation of the olfactory bulbs in social interactions of mandarin voles Microtus mandarinus and reed voles Microtus fortis were compared in the present research.Mandarin voles spent significantly more time attacking and sniffing their opponents and sniffing sawdust than reed voles.During same sex encounters,mandarin voles attacked their opponents for a significantly longer time and sniffed its opponent for shorter time compared with male-female interactions.However,no significant behavioral differences were found during encounters of two individual reed voles,regardless of gender composition of the pair.Using c-Fos as an indicator of neural activation,we observed that neural activation was significantly higher in almost all sub-regions of the main olfactory bulb(MOB)and the accessory olfactory bulb(AOB)of mandarin voles compared with reed voles.Numbers of c-Fos-ir neurons in almost all sub-regions of the AOB and the MOB during male-female interactions were also higher than those in interactions of the same sex.Anterior-posterior ratios of Fos-ir neurons in the AOBM(AOBMR)and the AOBG(AOBGR)in male-female interaction were significantly higher than those in interaction of the same sex.The AOBMR of male mandarin voles and reed voles were larger than those of females in male-female interactions.Behavioral patterns are consistent with cellular activity patterns.Consistent level of neural activation in MOB and AOB suggests important roles of both the main olfactory bulb and the accessory olfactory bulb in social interaction in two species.Fadao TAI Wanying WANG Hugh BRODERS Ruyong SUN Limin LIU Hongyuan WANG 2009Current Zoology2009,55,4:1
14Sequence-and structure-selective m RNA m^(5)C methylation by NSUN6 in animals显示文摘mRNA m^(5)C,which has recently been implicated in the regulation of mRNA mobility,metabolism and translation,plays important regulatory roles in various biological events.Two types of m^(5)C sites are found in mRNAs.Type Ⅰ m^(5)C sites,which contain a downstream G-rich triplet motif and are computationally predicted to be located at the 5’ end of putative hairpin structures,are methylated by NSUN2.Type Ⅱ m^(5)C sites contain a downstream UCCA motif and are computationally predicted to be located in the loops of putative hairpin structures.However,their biogenesis remains unknown.Here we identified NSUN6,a methyltransferase that is known to methylate C72 of tRNA^(Thr) and tRNA^(Cys),as an mRNA methyltransferase that targets Type Ⅱ m^(5)C sites.Combining the RNA secondary structure prediction,miCLIP,and results from a high-throughput mutagenesis analysis,we determined the RNA sequence and structural features governing the specificity of NSUN6-mediated mRNA methylation.Integrating these features into an NSUN6-RNA structural model,we identified an NSUN6 variant that largely loses tRNA methylation but retains mRNA methylation ability.Finally,we revealed a weak negative correlation between m^(5)C methylation and translation efficiency.Our findings uncover that mRNA m^(5)C is tightly controlled by an elaborate two-enzyme system,and the protein-RNA structure analysis strategy established maybe applied to other RNA modification writers to distinguish the functions of different RNA substrates of a writer protein.Jianheng Liu Tao Huang Yusen Zhang Tianxuan Zhao Xueni Zhao Wanying Chen Rui Zhang 2021National Science Review2021,8,6:1
15Temperature-Modified Acute Effects of Ozone on Human Mortality-Beijing Municipality,Tianjin Municipality,Hebei Province,and Surrounding Areas,China,2013-2018显示文摘Summary What is already known about this topic?Ozone(O_(3))is a weather-driven photochemical ambient pollutant,and its harm to human health may be affected by meteorological factors such as temperature.However,there is conflicting evidence regarding whether temperature can modify the effects of ozone on health.Chen Chen Jing Liu Wanying Shi Tiantian Li Xiaoming Shi 2021China CDC weekly2021,3,45:1
16GmGPDH12,a mitochondrial FAD-GPDH from soybean, increases salt and osmotic stress resistance by modulating redox state and respiration显示文摘In plants,glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GPDH)catalyzes the interconversion of glycerol-3-phosphate(G3P)and dihydroxyacetone phosphate(DHAP)coupled to the reduction/oxidation of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NADH)pool,and plays a central role in glycerolipid metabolism and stress response.Previous studies have focused mainly on the NAD+-dependent GPDH isoforms,neglecting the role of flavin adenine dinucleotide(FAD)-dependent GPDHs.We isolated and characterized three mitochondrialtargeted FAD-GPDHs in soybean,of which one isoform(GmGPDH12)showed a significant transcriptional response to NaCl and mannitol treatments,suggesting the existence of a major FAD-GPDH isoform acting in soybean responses to salt and osmotic stress.An enzyme kinetic assay showed that the purified GmGPDH12 protein possessed the capacity to oxidize G3P to DHAP in the presence of FAD.Overexpression and RNA interference of GmGPDH12 in soybean hairy roots resulted in elevated tolerance and sensitivity to salt and osmotic stress,respectively.G3P contents were significantly lower in GmGPDH12-overexpressing hair roots and higher in knockdown hair roots,indicating that GmGPDH12 was essential for G3P catabolism.A significant perturbation in redox status of NADH,ascorbic acid(ASA)and glutathione(GSH)pools was observed in GmGPDH12-knockdown plants under stress conditions.The impaired redox balance was manifested by higher reactive oxygen species generation and consequent cell damage or death;however,overexpressing plants showed the opposite results for these traits.GmGPDH12 overexpression contributed to maintaining constant respiration rates under salt or osmotic stress by regulating mRNA levels of key mitochondrial respiratory enzymes.This study provides new evidence for the roles of mitochondria-localized GmGPDH12 in conferring resistance to salt or osmotic stress by maintaining cellular redox homeostasis,protecting cells and respiration from oxidative injury.Ying Zhao Xin Li Zexin Zhang Wenjing Pan Sinan Li Yun Xing Wanying Xin Zhanguo Zhang Zhenbang Hu Chunyan Liu Xiaoxia Wu Zhaoming Qi Dawei Xin Qingshan Chen 2021The Crop Journal2021,9,1:1
17Generating superposed terahertz perfect vortices via a spin-multiplexed all-dielectric metasurface显示文摘Perfect optical vortices(POVs),characterized as a ring radius independent of topological charge(TC),possess extensive application in particle manipulation and optical communication.At present,the complex and bulky optical device for generating POVs has been miniaturized by leveraging the metasurface,and either spindependent or spin-independent POV conversions have been further accomplished.Nevertheless,it is still challenging to generate superposed POVs for incidences with orthogonal circular polarization.Here,a spinmultiplexed all-dielectric metasurface method for generating superposed POVs in the terahertz frequency range is proposed and demonstrated.By using the multiple meta-atom comprised structure as the basic unit,the complex amplitude of two superposed POVs is modulated,decoupled,and subsequently encoded to left-and righthanded circular polarization incidences.Furthermore,two kinds of metasurfaces are fabricated and characterized to validate this controlling method.It is demonstrated that the measured intensity and phase distributions match well with the calculation of the Rayleigh–Sommerfeld diffraction integral,and the radius of superposed POVs is independent of TCs.This work provides promising opportunities for developing ultracompact terahertz functional devices applied to complex structured light generation and terahertz communication,and exploring sophisticated spin angular momentum and orbital angular momentum interactions like the photonic spin-Hall effect.FAN HUANG QUAN XU WANYING LIU TONG WU JIANQIANG GU JIAGUANG HAN WEILI ZHANG 2023Photonics Research2023,11,3:1
18Diagnostic yield of malignancy during EUS-guided FNA of solid lesions with and without a stylet: a prospective, single blind, randomized, controlled trial显示文摘Sachin Wani Dayna Early Julie Kunkel Ann Leathersich Christine E. Hovis Thomas G. Hollander Cara Kohlmeier Cynthia Zelenka Riad Azar Steven Edmundowicz Brian Collins Jingxia Liu Matthew Hall Daniel Mullady 2012Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2012,,2:1
19Ultimate dielectric scaling of 2D transistors via van der Waals metal integration显示文摘The two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)have attracted intense interest as an atomically thin semiconductor channel for the continued transistor scaling.However,with a dangling bond free surface,it has been a key challenge to reliably integrate high-quality gate dielectrics on TMDs.In particular,the atomic layer deposition of dielectrics on TMDs typically features highly non-uniform nucleation and produces a highly rough or porous dielectric film with rich pinholes that are prone to further damage during the gate integration process.Herein we report a van der Waals(vdW)integration route towards highly reliable gate metal integration on porous dielectrics.The physical lamination process employed by the vdW integration avoids the direct deposition of metal electrodes into porous dielectrics to ensure reliable gate integration and produce low gate leakage devices.The electrical measurements demonstrate the vdW integrated MoS_(2) top gate devices exhibit substantially reduced gate leakage current that is about 3-5 orders of magnitude smaller than that with deposited metal electrodes.Furthermore,we show the vdW integration process can be used to create high performance top-gated MoS_(2) transistors with ultrathin Al_(2)O_(3) dielectrics down to 1 nm,representing the ultimate dielectric scaling for TMDs transistors.This study demonstrates that vdW integration can enable highly reliable gate integration on relatively low quality dielectrics on TMDs,and opens an interesting pathway to high-performance top-gate transistors using dangling bond free two-dimensional(2D)semiconductors.Weiqi Dang Bei Zhao Chang Liu Xiangdong Yang Lingan Kong Zheyi Lu Bo Li Jia Li Hongmei Zhang Wanying Li Shun Shi Ziyue Qin Lei Liao Xidong Duan Yuan Liu 2022Nano Research2022,15,2:0
20Chung Un Lee: the trailblazer of tropical medicine in China显示文摘Chung Un Lee,(李宗恩,1894-1962)was a pioneer of tropical medicine research in China,serving as the president of Guiyang Medical College,the dean of Peking Union Medical College,the vice president of the Chinese Medical Association,a member of the British Medical Association,and the Far Eastem Tropical Medical Association(Fig.1)(Lu,1992).Chung Un Lee spent his life in medical education and scientific research,with outstanding achievements in research on flariasis,schistosomiasis,malaria,and kala-azar,confirming the reservoir of filariasis in China,innovating the application of plasmochin to combat malaria,proving that sandflies and dogs are sources of infection in human kalaazar,and making a clinical diagnosis of the early manifestations of kala-azar in China.Chung Un Lee is a distinguished medical scientist and medical educator,one of the founders of Chinese Tropical Medicine,who fought for 40 years for the prevention and treatment of tropical diseases in China and conducted pioneering research in Chinese Tropical Medicine.Huan Liu Yifan Wei Wanying Gao Hao Cheng 2023Protein & Cell2023,14,6:0
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