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| 1 | When and how did plate tectonics begin?Theoretical and empirical considerations显示文摘板 tectonics 在对流传热的披风(岩流圈) 上是地球的热界面层(岩石圈) 的水平运动并且被岩石圈 inking 主要在 subduction 地区驾驶。板 tectonics 是组织的自我的一个突出的例子,远离平衡建筑群系统(SOFFECS ) ,由热界面层的否定快活开车并且由在弯曲岩石圈的驱散控制并且粘滞披风。板 tectonics 是一个不平常的方法让一个硅酸盐行星失去热,当它存在在上仅仅之一大在内部太阳系的五硅酸盐身体。构造活动和热损失的这个模式什么时候开始了,不被知道在地球上。所有硅酸盐行星可能经历了一个短命岩浆海洋阶段。在这团结的、停滞的盖行为是行星的热损失的普通模式以后,与内部,热被融化在更热的早地球中的火山作用和浅 intrusions.Decompression 产生了的分层和“热点”正在失去一个不同岩石圈比今天,与更厚的海洋的外壳和更薄的披风岩石圈;如此的岩石圈将比花更长时间目前变得否定地快活,在早地球上建议那板 tectonics 偶发地发生了如果根本。板 tectonics 变得持续(现代风格) 当土足够地冷却了时,融化在散布山脉下面的那解压缩做了薄海洋的外壳,允许海洋的岩石圈在百万年中的一些十个以后变得否定地快活。板 tectonics 什么时候开始了的 Ultimatelythe 问题必须被从地质的记录检索的信息回答。标准因为板 tectonics 的操作包括 ophiolites,蓝片岩 andultra 高的压力变形的带, eclogites,被动边缘,变换差错,不同 cratons 的不同运动的 paleomagneticdemonstration,和在火的岩石中的诊断 geochemicaland 同位素示踪剂的存在。这个记录必须个别地被解释;我解释记录在锝? 从活跃太古代的 tectonics 和类似于板 tectonics 的 magmatismto 一些东西显示构造式样的前进 9 Ga 到有深 subduction 的持续、现代风格板 tectonics—并且强大的平板拉—在 Neoproterozoic 时间开始。 | R. J. STERN | 2007 | Chinese Science Bulletin2007，52，5： | 37 |
| 2 | 最新AD研究用诊断标准:IWG-2标准显示文摘在过去的8年中,国际工作组织(IWG)和美国国立老化研究院-阿尔茨海默协会(NIA-AA)建立了阿尔茨海默病(AD)诊断标准,它能更好地定义AD的临床表型,整合了生物标记物于诊断流程中,并覆盖了疾病的全程。本意见书充分地权衡了IWG标准的优缺点,建议改进诊断框架。依据这些改进,AD的诊断变得简单,只要有恰当的AD临床表型(典型或不典型)和与AD的病理相一致的病理生理学生物标志物出现。我们认为疾病的下游的定位性生物标志,如容积性磁共振成像(MRI)和氟脱氧葡萄糖-正电子发射型计算机断层成像(FDG-PET)等,适合更好地测量和监测疾病过程。本文还详述了非典型性AD、混合性AD和AD临床前期的特异诊断标准。 | 陈刚 曹雯炜 俞羚 糜建华 Dubois B Feldman HH Jacova C Hampel H Molinuevo JL Blennow K DeK osky ST Gauthier S Selkoe D Bateman R Cappa S Crutch S Engelborghs S Frisoni GB Fox NC Galasko D Habert MO Jicha GA Nordberg A Pasquier F Rabinovici G Robert P Rowe C Salloway S Sarazin M Epelbaum S de Souza LC Vellas B Visser PJ Schneider L Stern Y Scheltens P Cummings JL | 2014 | 神经病学与神经康复学杂志2014，11，3： | 31 |
| 3 | 美国国立老化研究所与阿尔茨海默病协会诊断指南写作组:阿尔茨海默病临床前阶段的定义显示文摘阿尔茨海默病(AD)的病理生理过程在痴呆诊断的多年前就开始了。这一长期的AD“临床前”阶段是治疗干预的关键机会,但需进一步阐明AD的病理级联过程和临床症状出现之间的联系。美国国立老化研究所和AD协会召集了一个国际工作组对AD生物标志物、流行病学和神经心理学的证据进行综述并提出建议,以确定能够预测由“正常”认知到轻度认知功能障碍(MCI)及AD痴呆的最佳预测指标。根据目前已有的主要科学证据,我们提出了一个概念性的框架和用于操作的研究标准,以通过纵向临床研究来验证和改进这些模型。这些建议仅用于研究目的,目前不涉及临床应用。我们希望这些建议能提供一个共识,以推进临床前AD的研究,最终推动更早期治疗干预的进展,使得一些疾病减缓药物的疗效发挥最大。 | Sperling RA Aisen PS Beckett LA Bennett DA Craft S Fagan AM Iwatsubo T Jack CR Jr Kaye J Montine TJ Park DC Reiman EM Rowe CC Siemers E Stern Y Yaffe K Carrillo MC Thies B Morrison-Bogorad M Wagster MV Phelps CH 贾建平(译) 郭起浩(译) 黄丽(译) 陆璐(译) 张逸驰(译) 邢怡(译) | 2012 | 中华神经科杂志2012，45，5： | 22 |
| 4 | 走进巴斯德象限:中科院的论文发表与专利申请显示文摘促进科技与经济的结合一直以来是我国国家创新系统建设的核心主线。目前,有关中国国家创新系统的研究多是参照北美和欧洲的国家创新系统框架,分析创新系统的构成主体及互动关系,忽视了在系统演进过程中构成主体的功能变迁。本文从'巴斯德象限'理论出发,以中科院为研究对象,观察公立科研机构在创新政策激励下的功能变化,进而审视我国国家创新系统的建设绩效。研究通过问卷调研收集了中科院科研人员发表论文、申请专利以及与企业开展合作的相关数据,采用OLS进行回归分析,获得了一些新颖而重要的发现:首先,科学家的论文发表和专利申请具有显著正相关关系,那些发表论文较多的科学家同样也是申请专利较多的科学家。其次,对那些与产业有合作的科学家来说,其论文发表与专利申请之间的正相关关系更加显著。进一步的分类研究,还发现这一相关性受到科学家价值取向的调节。这些发现不仅为检验国家创新系统绩效提供了新视角,而且对创新政策设计有重要启示。 | 温珂 苏宏宇 Scott Stern | 2016 | 中国软科学2016，，11： | 19 |
| 5 | 拥抱绿色发展新范式:中国碳中和政策框架研究显示文摘中国以及全球范围的碳中和共识与行动标志着工业革命后形成的传统发展范式逐渐落幕,一个新的绿色发展范式开始兴起。本文分析工业革命以来旧有发展范式的不可持续性,揭示绿色发展范式在发展目的、发展内容、发展方式以及发展普适性上,是对传统发展范式的一次深刻革命。在新的绿色发展范式框架下,本文重新思考经济学的基本问题如价值理论、财富的内涵和测度,以及个人和集体行为等,分析新发展范式转变对于重塑中国重要经济部门和系统的政策含义,并讨论了转型过程中体制机制、金融和技术创新等方面的重要保障,以及如何实现协调和平衡的转型。本文同时提出中国如何引领世界碳中和治理机制建设,并讨论了同世界实现绿色合作共赢的机遇和政策。 | 朱民 Nicholas Stern Joseph E.Stiglitz 刘世锦 张永生 李俊峰 Cameron Hepburn | 2023 | 世界经济2023，46，3： | 17 |
| 6 | 抽动秽语综合征的进展显示文摘抽动秽语综合征(Tourette syndrome,TS)是指在18岁前发作的运动抽动和发声痉挛并持续至少1年[见精神疾病诊断统计手册(DSMIV-TR)[1]]。中国精神障碍疾病诊断标准(CCMD)的分类与之相似。 | Jeremy Stern 刘小坤(翻译) 王刚(审校) | 2010 | 内科理论与实践2010，5，5： | 14 |
| 7 | 踝关节创伤后关节炎的相关危险因素:一项随访18年的回顾性研究显示文摘踝关节创伤后关节炎十分常见,其发生率比髋膝关节高得多,而目前对其危险因素评估的长期随访研究报道很少。作者对1988年1月-1997年12月的373例进行切开复位内固定的踝关节骨折进行了回顾性研究,并进行统计学分析。Pilon骨折、距骨骨折及年龄〈18岁者未纳入研究。 | Lübbeke A Salvo D Stern R Hoffmeyer P Holzer N Assal M. 于涛 俞光荣 | 2012 | 中国矫形外科杂志2012，20，18： | 14 |
| 8 | 板块构造启动的时间和机制:理论和经验探索显示文摘板块构造是指位于对流地幔圈层之上的岩石圈的水平运动,主要由岩石圈在俯冲带的下沉作用所致.板块构造是一个典型的、非平衡复杂体系的自组系统(selforganizing,far from equilibrium complex system,SOFFECS),其驱动力主要来自热边界层(岩石圈)的反向浮力,同时又受控于变形岩石圈与下覆粘性软流圈地幔的耗散作用.在太阳系内侧5个硅酸质行星中,板块构造仅发育于地球,这表明板块构造是硅酸质行星不太常见的一种热散逸方式.目前还不清楚这种构造活动和热散逸方式在地球上是从何时开始的.所有的硅酸质行星在形成初期可能都经历过一次短暂的岩浆海阶段.行星固结后,静止盖层模式是行星冷却的共同途径,即行星表面形成了一个不易活动的固化盖层,此时内部的热量只能通过拆沉作用、热点火山作用和岩浆浅部侵位等方式进行逃逸.由于地球早期温度较高,通过减压熔融形成的岩石圈结构不同于现代岩石圈,即地球早期岩石圈由厚的洋壳和薄的岩石圈地幔构成.这种岩石圈要产生反向浮力需要非常长的时间,因此地球早期即便有板块构造存在,其规模也比较零星.只有当地球冷却到一定程度,扩张中脊下部减压熔融形成薄的洋壳且大洋岩石圈只需几十个百万年就可以产生反向浮力时,才能形成与现今风格相似的、可持续性的板块构造.板块构造启动时间的认识最终取决于人们对相关地质记录(事件)的研究成果.板块构造的判别依据包括蛇绿岩、蓝片岩、超高压变质带、榴辉岩、被动大陆边缘、转换断层、指示克拉通陆块移动轨迹的古地磁研究以及岩浆岩地球化学和同位素构造判别等等.对地质记录的解释必须综合各方面的信息.本人认为现存的地质事件记录了地球构造随时间演化的过程,即太古代时期构造和岩浆活动剧烈,大约在1.9Ga时开始出现近似的板块构造,在新元古代才开始出现与现代相似的、可持续的、具有深俯冲和板片拖曳特性的板块构造. | R. J. Stern 唐俊(翻译) 牛耀龄(校对) | 2007 | 科学通报2007，52，5： | 12 |
| 9 | The determinants of national innovative capacity显示文摘 | Jeffrey L Furman Michael E Porter Scott Stern | 2002 | Research Policy2002，，6： | 12 |
| 10 | Recent progress in CFD for naval architecture and ocean engineering显示文摘An overview is provided of CFDShip-Iowa modeling, numerical methods and high performance computing(HPC), including both current V4.5 and V5.5 and next generation V6. Examples for naval architecture highlight capability and needs. High fidelity V6 simulations for ocean engineering and fundamental physics describe increased resolution for analysis of physics of fluids. Uncertainty quantification research is overviewed as the first step towards development stochastic optimization. | STERN Frederick WANG Zhaoyuan YANG Jianming SADAT-HOSSEINI Hamid MOUSAVIRAAD Maysam BHUSHAN Shanti DIEZ Matteo YOON Sung-Hwan WU Ping-Chen YEON Seong Mo DOGAN Timur KIM Dong-Hwan VOLPI Silvia CONGER Michael MICHAEL Thad XING Tao THODAL Robert S. GRENESTEDT Joachim L. | 2015 | Journal of Hydrodynamics2015，27，1： | 12 |
| 11 | 扬子克拉通及华北克拉通大陆岩石圈地幔碳同位素组成及其差异:金刚石碳同位素原位测试证据显示文摘金刚石碳同位素组成和对比是了解克拉通大陆岩石圈地幔物质组成及其演化的窗口.本文用二次离子质谱(SIMS)方法对产于华北克拉通(山东蒙阴和辽宁瓦房店)和扬子克拉通(湖南沅水流域)的11颗金刚石不同生长层的碳同位素组成进行了123个点高精度原位(in-situ)测试.结果显示,华北克拉通和扬子克拉通金刚石碳同位素组成存在一定差异;华北克拉通金刚石早期生长'核心'碳同位素??13C组成平均为?3.0‰(VPDB),分布范围为?6.0‰~?2.0‰,与全球橄榄岩型金刚石一致;扬子克拉通金刚石早期'核心'??13C平均为?7.4‰,分布范围为?8.6‰~?3.0‰,和榴辉岩型金刚石特点一致;3个产地单颗金刚石不同生长层碳同位素变化不具有一致性,与是否含包裹体无关,但与金刚石是否存在溶蚀间断明显有关,证实金刚石生长过程地幔流体碳同位素组成不均一,碳储库(介质)不均一性对金刚石生长过程碳同位素变化的影响较分馏作用更为明显;与此同时,现有的测试结果显示,华北和扬子克拉通金刚石中心-边缘生长层碳同位素变化与氮含量之间缺乏相关性,反映我国两个克拉通金刚石生长过程中地幔流体碳和氮元素之间存在复杂的交换、地球化学环境可能相对开放.上述结果暗示,金刚石形成时扬子克拉通和华北克拉通地幔交代流体碳的组成及来源存在差异. | 陈华 丘志力 陆太进 STERN Richard STACHEL Thomas 孙媛 张健 柯捷 彭淑仪 秦社彩 | 2013 | 科学通报2013，58，4： | 11 |
| 12 | The policy-driven peak and reduction of China's carbon emissions显示文摘Pursuant to the Paris Agreement,China committed itself to peak its carbon emissions by around 2030 and to increase the non-fossil share ofprimary energy to 20%at the same time.The government has supported the international agreement by setting and strengthening the domesticpolicy targets for an earlier peak and faster reduction,aiming to contain the average global temperature increase to well below 2℃.We developa Kaya Inequality method to assess the time of peak and pace of reduction of China's energy-related CO2emissions based on the national energypolicy targets for 2030.We find that,despite the minor fluctuations,the current plateau essentially represents the peak emissions and should entera phase of steady decline by around 2025,given current trends in energy consumption and decarbonization.Such developments would beconsistent with the strengthened national policy target to achieve 50%of renewable power generation by 2030.However,the basic policy targetsea 20%share of non-fossil energy and 6 Gtce in total energy consumption by 2030ewould be insufficient to peak carbon emissions by around 2030.The synergy and interplay between domestic policy target setting and international climate commitments shed light on the need to elevatenational climate ambitions under the Paris Agreement and beyond. | QI Ye Nicholas STERN HE Jian-Kun LU Jia-Qi LIU Tian-Le David KING WU Tong | 2020 | Advances in Climate Change Research2020，11，2： | 10 |
| 13 | Impact of antiretroviral therapy on lipid metabolism of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: Old and new drugs显示文摘For human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-infected patients, the 1990s were marked by the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy(HAART) representing a new perspective of life for these patients. The use of HAART was shown to effectively suppress the replication of HIV-1 and dramatically reduce mortality and morbidity, which led to a better and longer quality of life for HIV-1-infected patients. Apart from the substantial benefits that result from the use of various HAART regimens, laboratory and clinical experience has shown that HAART can induce severe and considerable adverse effects related to metabolic complications of lipid metabolism, characterized by signs of lipodystrophy, insulin resistance, central adiposity, dyslipidemia, increased risk of cardiovascular disease and even an increased risk of atherosclerosis. New drugs are being studied, new therapeutic strategies are being implemented, and the use of statins, fibrates, and inhibitors of intestinal cholesterol absorption have been effective alternatives. Changes in diet and lifestyle have also shown satisfactory results. | Joel da Cunha Luciana Morganti Ferreira Maselli Ana Carolina Bassi Stern Celso Spada Sérgio Paulo Bydlowski | 2015 | World Journal of Virology2015，4，2： | 9 |
| 14 | Endoscopic papillary large balloon dilatation with sphincterotomy is safe and effective for biliary stone removal independent of timing and size of sphincterotomy显示文摘AIM To describe the efficacy and safety of endoscopic papillary large balloon dilatation(EPLBD) in the management of bile duct stones in a Western population. METHODS Data was collected from the endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) and Radiology electronic database along with a review of case notes over a period of six years from 1 st August 2009 to 31 st July 2015 and incorporated into Microsoft excel. Statistical analyses were performed using Med Calc for Windows,version 12.5(Med Calc Software,Ostend,Belgium). Simple statistical applications were applied in order to determine whether significant differences exist in comparison groups. We initially used simple proportions to describe the study populations. Furthermore,we used chi-square test to compare proportions and categorical variables. Non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-test was applied in order to compare continuous variables. All comparisons were deemed to be statistically significant if P values were less than 0.05.RESULTS EPLBD was performed in 229 patients(46 females) with mean age of 68 ± 14.3 years. 115/229(50%) patients had failed duct clearance at previous ERCP referred from elsewhere with standard techniques. Duct clearance at the Index* ERCP(1 st ERCP at our centre) was 72.5%. Final duct clearance rate was 98%. EPLBD after fresh sphincterotomy was performed in 81(35.4%). Median balloon size was 13.5 mm(10-18). In addition to EPLBD,per-oral cholangioscopy(POC) and electrohydraulic lithotripsy(EHL) was performed in 35(15%) patients at index* ERCP. 63(27.5%) required repeat ERCP for stone clearance. 28(44.5%) required POC and EHL and 11(17.4%) had repeat EPLBD for complete duct clearance. Larger stone size(12.4 mm vs 17.4 mm,P < 0.000001),multiple stones(2,range(1-13) vs 3,range(1-12),P < 0.006) and dilated common bile duct(CBD)(12.4 mm vs 18.3 mm,P < 0.001) were significant predictors of failed duct clearance at index ERCP. 47 patients(20%) had ampullary or peri-ampullary diverticula. Procedure related adverse events included 2 cases of bleeding and pancreatitis(0.87%) each.CONCLUSION EPLBD is a safe and effective technique for CBDS removal. There is no difference in outcomes whether it is performed at the time of sphincterotomy or at a later procedure or whether there is a full or limited sphincterotomy. | Usman Iqbal Aujla Nimzing Ladep Laura Dwyer Stephen Hood Nicholas Stern Richard Sturgess | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，48： | 8 |
| 15 | Variations in carbon isotopic composition in the subcontinental lithospheric mantle beneath the Yangtze and North China Cratons:Evidence from in-situ analysis of diamonds using SIMS显示文摘The components and evolution of subcontinental lithospheric mantle beneath the North China Craton and the Yangtze Craton is a current topic in the geological study of China and the carbon isotopic composition of diamond is one of the most direct probes into cratonic lithospheric mantle processes.In this paper,in-situ SIMS(Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry) techniques were used to analyze the carbon isotope compositions at different internal growth zones of diamonds from Shandong and Liaoning in the North China Craton and Hunan in the Yangtze Craton.It was found that the carbon isotopic range of diamonds from the North China Craton are rather distinct from those of the Yangtze Craton;the former has a range of 6.0‰ to 2.0‰(relative to VPDB) with an average value of 3.0‰ in their core areas,which is consistent with global peridotitic diamonds;the diamonds from the Yangtze Craton,however,have a carbon isotopic range from 8.6‰ to 3.0‰ with an average value of 7.4‰ in their core areas,being more consistent with global eclogitic diamonds.The variations of carbon isotope ratios between different internal growth zones in individual diamonds were different in the three diamond localities studied.There was a clear correlation between changes in carbon isotopic composition and phases of diamond dissolution and new growth,while no correlation was observed between δ13C and internal inclusions.The variations suggest that the carbon isotopic compositions of mantle fluids were changing during the process of diamond crystallization,and that the heterogeneity of the carbon isotopic composition in mantle carbon reservoirs was a more important factor than carbon isotope fractionation in controlling the carbon isotopic compositions and their variation in diamonds.In addition,the preliminary results of in-situ nitrogen analyses demonstrated that the variation of carbon isotopic compositions between the core and outer growth zones does not correlate with nitrogen abundances,implying either that diamonds crystallized in an open environment or that the carbon isotopic composition and nitrogen contents in mantle fluids were controlled by other,not yet understood factors.The experimental results provide hints that the isotopic composition of carbon and its original sources were different in metasomatic fluids controlling diamond formation in the mantle beneath the North China Craton and the Yangtze Craton. | CHEN Hua QIU ZhiLi LU TaiJin STERN Richard STACHEL Thomas SUN Yuan ZHANG Jian KE Jie PENG ShuYi QIN SheCai | 2013 | Chinese Science Bulletin2013，58，1： | 7 |
| 16 | 从经济学角度重新审视美国教育的公共目的显示文摘教育是公共产品还是私人产品近年来受到广泛的讨论,本文从经济学的角度回顾了美国教育的目的。中小学教育的公共性主要体现在公民教育;高等教育的公共性主要体现在知识创造和文化传承;职业教育的公共性主要体现在培养合格的劳动者。教育应该重新强调其公共性。 | 陈小红(译) | 2006 | 教育与经济2006，22，2： | 7 |
| 17 | A one-dimensional polynomial chaos method in CFD–Based uncertainty quantification for ship hydrodynamic performance显示文摘A one-dimensional non-intrusive Polynomial Chaos(PC)method is applied in Uncertainty Quantification(UQ)studies for CFD–based ship performances simulations.The uncertainty properties of Expected Value(EV)and Standard Deviation(SD)are evaluated by solving the PC coefficients from a linear system of algebraic equations.The one-dimensional PC with the Legendre polynomials is applied to:(1)stochastic input domain and(2)Cumulative Distribution Function(CDF)image domain,allowing for more flexibility.The PC method is validated with the Monte-Carlo benchmark results in several high-fidelity,CFD-based,ship UQ problems,evaluating the geometrical,operational and environmental uncertainties for the Delft Catamaran 372.Convergence is studied versus PC order P for both EV and SD,showing that high order PC is not necessary for present applications.Comparison is carried out for PC with/without the least square minimization when solving the PC coefficients.The least square minimization,using larger number of CFD samples,is recommended for current test cases.The study shows the potentials of PC method in Robust Design Optimization(RDO)and Reliability-Based Design Optimization(RBDO)of ship hydrodynamic performances. | 贺伟 DIEZ Matteo CAMPANA Emilio Fortunato STERN Frederick 邹早建 | 2013 | Journal of Hydrodynamics2013，25，5： | 5 |
| 18 | 从微孔洞起始的热冲击裂纹的数值研究——Ⅰ:热应力分析显示文摘陶瓷材料在热冲击荷载作用下的典型破坏模式是裂纹的起始和扩展。当高温的材料或构件突然处于低温环境时 ,裂纹将由材料或构件的表面开始产生和发展。因此 ,材料表面及其表面附近的材料微结构对裂纹的起始有着非常重要的影响。实验表明 :某些具有微孔洞结构的陶瓷材料比相应的密实材料的抗热冲击性能有所提高 ,但相关的机制目前还没有得到定量的解释。本文作者利用商业有限元软件 ABAQUS,分析了受热冲击表面上的开口微孔洞、处于表面附近的闭口微孔洞周围的热应力场 ,以及微孔洞的大小、微孔洞与表面的距离对热应力场的影响 ,其目的是为进一步分析裂纹的起始和扩展做准备。数值结果表明 :一般情况下 ,闭口微孔洞引起的应力集中比开口微孔洞引起的应力集中更为严重 ,特别当闭口微孔洞与表面之间的距离很小时 ,和没有微孔洞情况相比 ,闭口微孔洞引起的最大的应力集中系数超过 | 贺鹏飞 李京剑 Yuan C Stern R Clegg W J | 2002 | 复合材料学报2002，19，5： | 5 |
| 19 | 金刚石中硫同位素组成揭示大陆形成过程的差异性显示文摘厚的岩石圈地幔的出现使得地球古老大陆变得稳定,然而关于这些古老大陆岩石圈地幔的形成却存在不同的成因解释。一些学者认为古老的大陆岩石圈地幔可通过俯冲洋壳平流增厚或堆叠等水平构造过程形成,而其他学者则认为地幔柱增生、海洋高原基底的熔融或地幔柱熔融残留物的底辟作用等垂向构造过程,在古老大陆岩石群地幔的形成过程中扮演了重要角色。目前,关于最早岩石圈的形成是通过水平还是垂向增生方式完成依然存在很大的争议,而不同的增生模式对于理解地球早期演化和板块作用的起始时限具有完全不同的意义。 | Smit K V Shirey S B Hauri E H Stern R A 袁超 | 2019 | 矿物岩石地球化学通报2019，38，5： | 5 |
| 20 | Correlation of endoscopic disease severity with pediatric ulcerative colitis activity index score in children and young adults with ulcerative colitis显示文摘AIM To investigate of pediatric ulcerative colitis activity index(PUCAI) in ulcerative colitis correlate with mucosal inflammation and endoscopic assessment of disease activity(Mayo endoscopic score).METHODS We reviewed charts from ulcerative colitis patients who had undergone both colonoscopy over 3 years. Clinical assessment of disease severity within 35 d(either before or after) the colonoscopy were included. Patients were excluded if they had significant therapeutic interventions(such as the start of corticosteroids or immunosuppressive agents) between the colonoscopy and the clinical assessment. Mayoendoscopic score of the rectum and sigmoid were done by two gastroenterologists. Inter-observer variability in Mayo score was assessed.RESULTS We identified 99 patients(53% female, 74% pancolitis) that met inclusion criteria. The indications for colonoscopy included ongoing disease activity(62%), consideration of medication change(10%), assessment of medication efficacy(14%), and cancer screening(14%). Based on PUCAI scores, 33% of patients were in remission, 39% had mild disease, 23% had moderate disease, and 4% had severe disease. There was 'moderate-substantial' agreement between the two reviewers in assessing rectal Mayo scores(kappa = 0.54, 95%CI: 0.41-0.68). CONCLUSION Endoscopic disease severity(Mayo score) assessed by reviewing photographs of pediatric colonoscopy has moderate inter-rater reliability, and agreement was less robust in assessing patients with mild disease activity. Endoscopic disease severity generally correlates with clinical disease severity as measured by PUCAI score. However, children with inflamed colons can have significant variation in their reported clinical symptoms. Thus, assessment of both clinical symptoms and endoscopic disease severity may be required in future clinical studies. | Basavaraj Kerur Heather J Litman Julia Bender Stern Sarah Weber Jenifer R Lightdale Paul A Rufo Athos Bousvaros | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，18： | 5 |
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