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| 1 | The darker side of follicular helper T cells: from autoimmunity to immunodeficiency显示文摘小囊的助手 T (T FH ) 房间代表 CD4 + 助手 T 的一个不同子集(T H ) 房间擅长于提供帮助给 B 房间。他们被他们的唯一的 transcriptional 侧面(Bcl6 ) 描绘,表面标记表示(CXCR5, PD-1, ICOS 和 CD40L ) 和 cytokine 生产模式(IL-21 和 IL-6 ) 。T FH 房间提供帮助给 B 房间形成幼芽的中心(GC ) 并且为体液的回答的产生区分进记忆 B 房间和血浆房间。然而,正在出现含有的证据 T 在各种各样的人的病理的发展的 FH 房间例如自体免疫的疾病,免疫不全和淋巴瘤。这评论包括老鼠和人的研究在这个区域集中于当前的进步。T FH 调停房间的免疫和病理可以为治疗学的策略的合理开发被利用。 | Sudhanshu Shekhar Xi Yang | 2012 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2012，9，5： | 14 |
| 2 | Effect of preoperative biliary drainage on outcome of classical pancreaticoduodenectomy显示文摘AIM: To investigate the role of preoperative biliary drainage (PBD) in the outcome of classical pancreaticodu odenectomy. METHODS: A 10-year retrospective data analysis was performed on patients (n = 48) undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy from March 1994 to March 2004 in department of surgery at SMS medical college, Jaipur, India. Demographic variables, details of preoperative stenting, operative procedure and post operative complications were noted. RESULTS: Preoperative biliary drainage was performed in 21 patients (43.5%). The incidence of septic complications was significantly higher in patients with biliary stent placement (P < 0.05, 0 vs 4). This group of patients also had a significantly higher minor biliary leak rate. Mortality and hospital stay in each group was comparable. CONCLUSION: Within this study population the use of PBD by endoscopic stenting was associated with a high incidence of infective complications. These findings do not support the routine use of biliary stenting in patients prior to pancreatico-duodenectomy. | Chandra Shekhar Bhati Chandrashekhar Kubal Pankaj Kumar Sihag Ankur Atal Gupta Raj Kamal Jenav Nicholas G Inston Jagdish M Mehta | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，8： | 12 |
| 3 | ICD-11精神与行为障碍(草案)诊断类别与标准修订进展显示文摘ICD是WHO疾病分类家族的核心成员,其现行的版本为1992年发布的第10版(ICD-10),目前WHO正在对其进行修订,本次修订以"建立和修订必要的疾病、死亡原因和公共卫生国际术语"及"规范必要的诊断程序"为总原则,历经建立内容模型的Alpha阶段和接受公开评审的Beta阶段后,预计于2017年全面完成修订,待世界卫生大会(World Health Assembly)审议通过后正式发表,预计于2018年正式使用. | 黄晶晶 赵敏 肖泽萍 谢斌 王振 Shekhar Saxena Geoffrey M. Reed 徐一峰 | 2017 | 中华精神科杂志2017，50，5： | 10 |
| 4 | Design and analysis of high birefringence and nonlinearity with small confinement loss photonic crystal fiber显示文摘High birefringence with low confinement loss photonic crystal fiber (PCF) has significant advantages in the field of sensing, dispersion compensation devices, nonlinear applications, and polarization filter. In this report, two different models of PCFs are presented and compared. Both the models contain five air holes rings with combination of circular and elliptical air holes arrangement. Moreover, the elliptical shaped air holes polarization and the third ring air holes rotational angle are varied. To examine different guiding characteristics, finite element method (FEM) with perfectly matched layer (PML) absorbing boundary condition is applied from 1.2 to 1.8 |im wavelength range. High birefringence, low confinement loss, high nonlinearity, and moderate disper-sion values are successfully achieved in both the PCFs models. Numeric analysis shows that model-1 gives higher birefringence (2.75 ×10^-2) and negative dispersion (-540.67 ps/(nm ·km)) at 1.55 |im wavelength. However, model-2 gives more small confinement loss than model-1 at the same wavelength. In addition, the proposed design demonstrates the variation of rotation angle has great impact to enhance guiding properties especially the birefringence. | Rekha SAHA Md.Mahbub HOSSAIN Md. Ekhlasur RAHAMAN Himadri Shekhar MONDAL | 2019 | Frontiers of Optoelectronics2019，12，2： | 6 |
| 5 | 双膦酸盐辅助治疗骨巨细胞瘤的临床研究显示文摘目的:探讨双膦酸盐作为辅助治疗方法降低四肢骨巨细胞瘤复发率的可行性。方法:2001年2月~2007年8月我院及香港中文大学威尔士亲王医院收治的39例四肢骨巨细胞瘤患者,男性28例,女性11例,年龄18~45岁。肿瘤影像学分级按Campanacci分级标准,其中Ⅱ级18例,Ⅲ级21例。所有患者治疗前均经过病理活检诊断为骨巨细胞瘤。分为治疗组和对照组。对照组20例患者,未予双膦酸盐治疗。治疗组19例患者,于手术前给予1~3疗程的双膦酸盐治疗(唑来膦酸4mg,2~3周1次),术后继续给予3个疗程以上的双膦酸盐治疗。所有患者均接受了手术治疗,手术方式包括囊内切除+骨水泥或骨移植重建,瘤段切除+骨移植或人工关节重建。结果:随访19~34个月。双膦酸盐治疗后患者疼痛减轻,VAS疼痛评分由8.19±1.33减轻至2.42±1.01,差异有显著性意义(t=15.304.P=0.000)。78.9%的患者肿胀减轻,63.2%的患者在唑来膦酸治疗2~3疗程后X线片上肿瘤内出现明显的骨矿化增加或骨生成。治疗组的复发率为5.3%,低于对照组35%,差异有显著性意义(χ2=5.284,P=0.022)。3级骨巨细胞瘤对照组的复发率为50.0%,治疗组为9.1%,差异有显著性意义(χ2=4.295,P=0.038)。结论:双膦酸盐作为辅助治疗能够显著降低四肢骨巨细胞瘤的复发率。用药后症状与体征的改善,影像学中骨矿化或骨生成都可作为双膦酸盐疗效的评价方法。 | 郑小飞 尹庆水 Shekhar Madhukar Kumta 黄华扬 张余 张涛 | 2009 | 临床肿瘤学杂志2009，14，12： | 6 |
| 6 | Gallbladder cancer:Historical treatment and new management options显示文摘Gallbladder cancer is a rare,aggressive malignancy that has a poor overall prognosis.Effective treatment consists of early detection and surgical treatment.With the wide spread treatment of gallbladder disease with minimally invasive techniques,the rate of incidental gallbladder cancer has seen an equitable rise along with stage migration towards earlier disease.Although the treatment remains mostly surgical,newer modalities such as regional therapy as well as directed therapy based on molecular medicine has led to improved outcomes in patients with advanced disease.We aim to summarize the management of gallbladder cancer along with the newer developments in this formidable disease process. | Kenji Okumura Shekhar Gogna Mahir Gachabayov Daniel Moritz Felsenreich Matthew McGuirk AramRojas Luis Quintero Ramanathan Seshadri Katie Gu Xiang Da Dong | 2021 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2021，13，10： | 5 |
| 7 | Urolithiasis in inflammatory bowel disease and bariatric surgery显示文摘AIM To analyse current literature focusing on pathogenesis and therapeutic aspects of urolithiasis with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) and following bariatric surgery. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, supplemented with additional references. Studies assessing the association of IBD or bariatric surgery with renal stones in both paediatric and adulthood were included. RESULTS Certain types of stones are seen more frequently with IBD. Hyperoxaluria and hypocitraturia are the main metabolic changes responsible for urolithiasis. The incidence of renal stones in malabsorptive types of bariatric surgery such as gastric bypass is high; this is not as common in modern restrictive surgical methods. Preventative methods and urine alkalinisation have been shown to be beneficial.CONCLUSION Both conditions are associated with renal stones. Patients' counselling and prevention strategies are the mainstay of urolithiasis management in these patients. | Agapios Gkentzis Michael Kimuli Jon Cartledge Olivier Traxer Chandra Shekhar Biyani | 2016 | World Journal of Nephrology2016，5，6： | 5 |
| 8 | Role of locking plates in treatment of difficult ununited fractures: a clinical study显示文摘我们在长骨头与锁在长骨头破裂的 10 困难的 nonunions 锁板固定的 plateMethodsRetrospective 评估折断的困难的 ununited 的处理的经验被做的在场的 ObjectiveTo。固定为大腿骨的柄骨折( 3 个病人)用完了锁住的板腿节的 supracondylar 骨折(差距不属于工会)两根前臂骨头(半径和尺骨)的锁骨骨折的骨折胫骨的骨干的肱骨骨折的柄的尺骨骨折的骨折和肱骨的 supracondylar 骨折(一耐心的各个)。五破裂有超过一以前的没有通过的内部固定。一个病人感染了不属于工会它被清创术管理,演员组固定与在六个星期锁板由固定列在后面。七破裂是衰退的二是寡营养的,一个人是 hypertrophic。腓骨的自体移植在 2 种情况和在所有 patientsResultsMinimum 后续使用的肠骨的冠 cancellous 骨头接枝中被使用是 6 月(范围, 6 月到 2.5 年) 。联合的平均时间是 3.4 月(范围 2.5 ~ 6 月) 。任何一个都没与与锁压缩板,过细的软织物解剖,可接受的减小,好固定技术和骨头 grafting 完成稳定性病人让板相关的复杂并发症或手术后的创伤 infections.ConclusionAlong 能帮助在困难的不属于工会的盒子中完成联合。尽管锁住的板不由自己做,保证多骨的联合,我们发现了它是我们为对待困难的破裂 nonunions 的一套设备的另一有用增加。 | Ashok Kumar Himanshu Gupta Chandra Shekhar Yadav Shah Alam Khan Shishir Rastogi | 2013 | Chinese Journal of Traumatology2013，16，1： | 5 |
| 9 | CD103+ lung dendritic cells(LDCs)induce stronger Th1/Th17 immunity to a bacterial lung infection than CD11b^(hi) LDCs显示文摘Recent studies suggest differential roles for CD103+and CD11bhi lung dendritic cells(LDCs)in host defense against viral and bacterial infections.In this study,we examined the contribution of these LDC subsets in protective immunity to chlamydial lung infection using a Chlamydia muridarum mouse infection model.We found that CD103+LDCs showed higher expression of costimulatory molecules(CD40,CD80 and CD86)and increased production of cytokines(IL-12p70,IL-10,IL-23 and IL-6)compared with CD11bhi LDCs,but the expression of programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)was similar between the two subsets.More importantly,we found,in adoptive transfer experiments,that the mice receiving CD103+LDCs from Chlamydia-infected mice exhibited better protection than the recipients of CD11bhi LDCs,which was associated with more robust Th1/Th17 cytokine responses.In addition,in vitro experiments showed that CD103+LDCs induced stronger IFN-γand IL-17 responses,when cocutured with chlamydial antigen-primed CD4+T cells,than CD11bhi LDCs.Furthermore,the blockade of PD1 in the culture of CD4+T cells with either CD103+or CD11bhi LDCs enhanced production of IFN-γand IL-17.In conclusion,our data provide direct evidence that CD103+LDCs are more potent in promoting Th1/Th17 immunity to chlamydial lung infection than CD11bhi LDCs. | Sudhanshu Shekhar Ying Peng Shuhe Wang Xi Yang | 2018 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2018，15，4： | 4 |
| 10 | Effect of diabetes mellitus on sleep quality显示文摘Diabetes mellitus(DM) is a highly prevalent condition affecting about 347 million people worldwide. In addition to its numerous clinical implications, DM also exerts a negative effect on patient's sleep quality.Impaired sleep quality disrupts the adequate glycemic control regarded as corner stone in DM management and also lead to many deleterious effects causing a profound impact on health related quality of life. This article outlines various factors leading to impaired sleep quality among diabetics and delineates how individual factor influences sleep. The article also discusses potential interventions and lifestyle changes to promote healthy sleep among diabetics. | Salim Surani Veronica Brito Asif Surani Shekhar Ghamande | 2015 | World Journal of Diabetes2015，6，6： | 3 |
| 11 | Critically ill patients and gut motility: Are we addressing it?显示文摘Gastrointestinal(GI) dysmotility is a common problemin the critically ill population. It can be a reflection and an early sign of patient deterioration or it can be an independent cause of morbidity and mortality. GI dysmotility can be divided for clinical purposes on upper GI dysmotility and lower GI dysmotility. Upper GI dysmotility manifests by nausea, feeding intolerance and vomiting; its implications include aspiration into the airway of abdominal contents and underfeeding. Several strategies to prevent and treat this condition can be tried and they include prokinetics and post-pyloric feeds. It is important to note that upper GI dysmotility should be treated only when there are clinical signs of intolerance(nausea, vomiting) and not based on measurement of gastric residual volumes. Lower GI dysmotility manifests throughout the spectrum of ileus and diarrhea. Ileus can present in the small bowel and the large bowel as well. In both scenarios the initial treatment is correction of electrolyte abnormalities, avoiding drugs that can decrease motility and patient mobilization. When this fails, in the case of small bowel ileus, lactulose and polyethylene glycol solutions can be useful. In the case of colonic pseudo obstruction, neostigmine, endoscopic decompression and cecostomy can be tried when the situation reaches the risk of rupture. Diarrhea is also a common manifestation of GI dysmotility and the most important step is to differentiate between infectious sources and non-infectious sources. | Alfredo Vazquez-Sandoval Shekhar Ghamande Salim Surani | 2017 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics2017，8，3： | 2 |
| 12 | 3.0动态增强MR血管成像对乳腺良恶性病变的诊断价值(英文)显示文摘目的:回顾性评估3.0T动态增强MR血管成像(MRA)对乳腺良恶性病变的诊断价值。方法:经病理证实的108例乳腺疾病患者(52例恶性,56例良性)作为研究对象,借助3D MRA图像计算患侧血管增加(双侧差异血管数≥2)及病变邻近血管数。结果:52例乳腺恶性病变中41例、56例良性病变中9例出现患侧血管增加,以患侧血管增加作为诊断标准,其对乳腺恶性病变诊断的敏感性、特异性及准确度分别79%、84%及84%;52例乳腺恶性病变中46例、56例良性病变中18例出现病灶邻近血管,以病灶邻近血管作为诊断标准,其对乳腺恶性病变诊断的敏感性、特异性及准确度分别为89%、68%及76%;患侧血管增加的阳性预测值及阴性预测值分别为82%、81%,病灶邻近血管的阳性预测值及阴性预测值分别为82%、79%。结论:3D MRA能有效评估双侧乳腺血管形成。乳腺恶性病变比良性病变更容易出现患侧血管增加及病灶邻近血管。 | SHEKHAR Kumar Mehta 刘万花 | 2013 | 东南大学学报(医学版)2013，32，4： | 2 |
| 13 | Fabrication of Self-cleaning Antireflective Polymer Surfaces by Mimicking Underside Leaf Hierarchical Surface Structures显示文摘In this work, we utilized underside of four different plant leaves with different scale of hierarchical surface roughness to fabricate large area self-cleaning antireflective polymer surfaces. A simple and precise two-step soft-lithography replica molding technique was deployed by using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymer as a replicating material. In the first step, a negative PDMS replica was fabricated by using the underside of an original leaf as a template material. In the second step, a positive PDMS replica was fabricated through a negative PDMS replica used as a template. In order to study the non-wetting and light trapping properties, as-replicated polymer surfaces were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), contact angle goniometer, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. SEM images confirmed the successful replication of complex hierarchical structures while contact angle measurement studies established retaining high non-wetting properties in polymer replicas. Optical studies suggest near zero reflection in normal mode and less than 5% diffuse reflection when measured using integrated sphere mode. These results have been correlated and explained with the air-liquid fraction and roughness factor as measured using three-dimensional optical profilometer. | Srinadh Mattaparthi Chandra Shekhar Sharma | 2019 | Journal of Bionic Engineering2019，16，3： | 2 |
| 14 | Eosinophilic enteritis presenting as a rare cause for ileo-ileal intussusception显示文摘Eosinophilic enteritis,a relatively rare entity,usually involves gastric antrum or proximal small bowel. Our case is rarer in its involvement of the distal small bowel and presents unusually as intussusception. The disease if diagnosed in the initial stages responds well to medical treatment but if associated with complications or misdiagnosed,surgical modality is the treatment of choice. In our case,the patient presented with acute intestinal obstruction due to intussusception and emergency laparotomy with ileoileal anastomosis was done. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis as eosinophilic enteritis. This case with such a presentation is discussed here. | Ashok Yadavrao Kshirsagar Sunil Vitthalrao Jagtap Rajkamal Prabhudayal Kanojiya Yogesh Bhupal Langade Sanjay Laxman Shinde Niraj Shekhar | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，47： | 2 |
| 15 | In vitro anti- Helicobacter pylori activity of a flavonoid rich extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra and its probable mechanisms of action显示文摘 | Mannanthendil Kumaran Asha Debnath Debraj D’souza Prashanth Jothie Richard Edwin H.S. Srikanth Nithyanantham Muruganantham Shekhar Michael Dethe Bhaskar Anirban Balachandran Jaya Mundkinajeddu Deepak Amit Agarwal | 2012 | Journal of Ethnopharmacology2012，，： | 2 |
| 16 | Model tests and numerical analyses on horizontal impedance functions of inclined single piles embedded in cohesionless soil显示文摘Horizontal impedance functions of inclined single piles are measured experimentally for model soil-pile systems with both the effects of local soil nonlinearity and resonant characteristics.Two practical pile inclinations of 5° and 10° in addition to a vertical pile embedded in cohesionless soil and subjected to lateral harmonic pile head loadings for a wide range of frequencies are considered.Results obtained with low-to-high amplitude of lateral loadings on model soil-pile systems encased in a laminar shear box show that the local nonlinearities have a profound impact on the horizontal impedance functions of piles.Horizontal impedance functions of inclined piles are found to be smaller than the vertical pile and the values decrease as the angle of pile inclination increases.Distinct values of horizontal impedance functions are obtained for the 'positive' and 'negative' cycles of harmonic loadings,leading to asymmetric force-displacement relationships for the inclined piles.Validation of these experimental results is carried out through three-dimensional nonlinear finite element analyses,and the results from the numerical models are in good agreement with the experimental data.Sensitivity analyses conducted on the numerical models suggest that the consideration of local nonlinearity at the vicinity of the soil-pile interface influence the response of the soil-pile systems. | Chandra Shekhar Goit Masato Saitoh | 2013 | Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration2013，12，1： | 2 |
| 17 | Sliding mode controller design for frequency regulation in an interconnected power system显示文摘In this paper, a Sliding mode controller design method for frequency regulation in an interconnected power system is presented. A sliding surface having four parameters has been selected for the load frequency control (LFC) system model. In order to achieve an optimal result, the parameter of the controller is obtained by grey wolf optimization (GWO) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) techniques. The objective function for optimization has been considered as the integral of square of error of deviation in frequency and tie-line power exchange. The method has been validated through simulation of a single area as well as a multi-area power system. The performance of the Sliding mode controller has also been analyzed for parametric variation and random loading patterns. The performance of the proposed method is better than recently reported methods. The performance of the proposed Sliding mode controller via GWO has 88.91% improvement in peak value of frequency deviation over the method of Anwar and Pan in case study 1 and similar improvement has been observed over different case studies taken from the literature. | Anand Kumar Md Nishat Anwar Shekhar Kumar | 2021 | Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems2021，6，1： | 2 |
| 18 | 基于RAPD-PCR标记的印度亚麻品种遗传多样性和指纹图谱分析(英文)显示文摘栽培的亚麻(L.usitatissimum)通常为亚麻籽,以其油分和纤维而被认为是具有较高经济价值的作物之一。开发亚麻遗传资源并进一步进行遗传改良,须了解其遗传变异的范围和结构。位于坎普尔的C.S.农业科技大学种质管理单位保存有广泛收集而来的2772份栽培和野生亚麻资源。从中选出23份不同基因型栽培亚麻品种包括5份两用品种、4份种用品种、14份具有不同形态和经济特性的引进种用品种以及1份野生品系(L.grandiflorum),采用RAPD标记进行遗传多样性分析。20条随机引物共产生242条带,每条引物扩增带数为1~20条,平均为10.95条。所有基因型和位点的RAPD多态性比例为90.49%。DICE系数相似矩阵分析揭示其遗传相似性为0.63~0.97,平均相似系数为82%,说明这些亚麻品种(系)的遗传背景较窄。采用UPGMA法以及NTSYS-pc软件的SAHN聚类分析模型对遗传相似矩阵进行聚类分析,发现属于L.uitatisimums的所有栽培品种在X轴上可聚为一类,而L.grandiflorum野生种单独在Y轴上聚为一类。主成分分析结果表明,除了Shekha(r优良种用品种)和野生种L.grandiflorum广泛分布外,其他所有种用品种、两用品种和外来品种聚类很近。由于亚麻栽培品种的遗传关系相近,须对亚麻种质的各种基因型进行鉴定,以拓宽今后育种计划中的遗传基础。 | Prashant Shekhar Gupta Sangeeta Srivastava Manoj Kumar Srivastava Abhilash Gupta | 2010 | 广西农业科学2010，41，3： | 2 |
| 19 | Intussusception in adults: Institutional review显示文摘 | Rakesh Kr. Gupta Chandra Shekhar Agrawal Rohit Yadav Amir Bajracharya Panna Lal Sah | 2010 | International Journal of Surgery2010，，1： | 2 |
| 20 | Modeling and optimizing of steam pyrolysis of dimethyl formamide by using response surface methodology coupled with Box-Behnken design 显示文摘 | Deepak D D Vilas G G Shekhar K | 2012 | Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis2012，96，： | 1 |
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