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| 1 | Spontaneous fungal peritonitis: Epidemiology, current evidence and future prospective显示文摘Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is a complication of ascitic patients with end-stage liver disease(ESLD); spontaneous fungal peritonitis(SFP) is a complication of ESLD less known and described. ESLD is associated to immunodepression and the resulting increased susceptibility to infections. Recent perspectives of the management of the critically ill patient with ESLD do not specify the rate of isolation of fungi in critically ill patients,not even the antifungals used for the prophylaxis,neither optimal treatment. We reviewed,in order to focus the epidemiology,characteristics,and,considering the high mortality rate of SFP,the use of optimal empirical antifungal therapy the current literature. | Marco Fiore Sebastiano Leone | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，34： | 19 |
| 2 | From targeting the tumor to targeting the immune system: Transversal challenges in oncology with the inhibition of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis显示文摘After that the era of chemotherapy in the treatment of solid tumors have been overcome by the 'translational era', with the innovation introduced by targeted therapies, medical oncology is currently looking at the dawn of a new 'immunotherapy era' with the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors(CKI) antibodies.The onset of PD-1/PD-L1 targeted therapy has demonstrated the importance of this axis in the immune escape across almost all human cancers.The new CKI allowed to significantly prolong survival and to generate durable response, demonstrating remarkable efficacy in a wide range of cancer types.The aim of this article is to review the most up to date literature about the clinical effectiveness of CKI antibodies targeting PD-1/PD-L1 axis for the treatment of advanced solid tumors and to explore transversal challenges in the immune checkpoint blockade. | Melissa Bersanelli Sebastiano Buti | 2017 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2017，8，1： | 15 |
| 3 | Current concepts and future strategies in the antimicrobial therapy of emerging Gram-positive spontaneous bacterial peritonitis显示文摘Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(SBP) is the most common infection in end-stage liver disease patients.SBP is defined as an ascitic fluid infection with a polymorphonuclear leucocyte count ≥ 250/mm^3 without an evident intra-abdominal surgically treatable source.Several mechanisms contribute to SBP occurrence,including translocation of gut bacteria and their products,reduced intestinal motility provoking bacterial overgrowth,alteration of the gut's barrier function and local immune responses.Historically,Gram-negative enteric bacteria have been the main causative agents of SBP,thereby guiding the empirical therapeutic choice.However,over the last decade,a worryingly increasing prevalence of Gram-positive and multi-drug resistant(MDR) SBP has been seen.Recently,the microbiological spectrum of SBP seems to have changed in Europe due to a high prevalence of Gram-positive bacteria(48%-62%).The overall proportion of MDR bacteria is up to 22%-73% of cases.Consequently,empirical therapy based on thirdgeneration cephalosporins or amoxicillin/clavulanic acid,can no longer be considered the standard of care,as these drugs are associated with poor outcomes.Theaim of this review is to describe,with an epidemiological focus,the evidence behind this rise in Gram-positive and MDR SBP from 2000 to present,and illustrate potential targeted therapeutic strategies.An appropriate treatment protocol should include daptomycin plus ceftaroline and meropenem,with prompt stepdown to a narrower spectrum when cultures and sensitivity data are available in order to reduce both cost and potential antibiotic resistance development. | Marco Fiore Alberto Enrico Maraolo Ivan Gentile Guglielmo Borgia Sebastiano Leone Pasquale Sansone Maria Beatrice Passavanti Caterina Aurilio Maria Caterina Pace | 2017 | World Journal of Hepatology2017，9，30： | 13 |
| 4 | Nosocomial spontaneous bacterial peritonitis antibiotic treatment in the era of multi-drug resistance pathogens: A systematic review显示文摘AIM To systematically review literature upon aetiology of nosocomial spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(N-SBP) given the rising importance of multidrug-resistant(MDR) bacteria.METHODS A literature search was performed on MEDLINE and Google Scholar databases from 2000 to 15 th of November 2016, using the following search strategy: 'spontaneous' AND 'peritonitis'.RESULTS The initial search through electronic databases retrieved 2556 records. After removing duplicates, 1958 records remained. One thousand seven hundred and thirty-five of them were excluded on the basis of the screening of titles and abstract, and the ensuing number of remaining articles was 223. Of these records, after careful evaluation, only 9 were included in the qualitative analysis. The overall proportion of MDR bacteria turned out to be from 22% to 73% of cases across the studies.CONCLUSION N-SBP is caused, in a remarkable proportion, by MDR pathogens. This should prompt a careful re-assessment of guidelines addressing the treatment of this clinical entity. | Marco Fiore Alberto Enrico Maraolo Ivan Gentile Guglielmo Borgia Sebastiano Leone Pasquale Sansone Maria Beatrice Passavanti Caterina Aurilio Maria Caterina Pace | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，25： | 9 |
| 5 | Fiat公司的共轨式发动机显示文摘在生产轿车用直喷柴油机的先驱——Fiat公司成功地结束了称为Unijet的共轨式喷油系统的开发工作之后,该系统现已首次装入Alfa Romeo 156型汽车。所用的发动机是排量为1.9 L和2.4L的4缸或5缸直列式发动机。其运转平稳性、行驶性能和噪声性能非常突出。 | Maiorana G Sebastiano GR Ugglia C 平增荣 | 1999 | 国外内燃机1999，31，1： | 8 |
| 6 | Advances in fatty acids nutrition in dairy cows: from gut to cells and effects on performance显示文摘High producing dairy cows generally receive in the diet up to 5–6% of fat. This is a relatively low amount of fat in the diet compared to diets in monogastrics;however, dietary fat is important for dairy cows as demonstrated by the benefits of supplementing cows with various fatty acids(FA). Several FA are highly bioactive, especially by affecting the transcriptome;thus, they have nutrigenomic effects. In the present review, we provide an up-to-date understanding of the utilization of FA by dairy cows including the main processes affecting FA in the rumen,molecular aspects of the absorption of FA by the gut, synthesis, secretion, and utilization of chylomicrons;uptake and metabolism of FA by peripheral tissues, with a main emphasis on the liver, and main transcription factors regulated by FA. Most of the advances in FA utilization by rumen microorganisms and intestinal absorption of FA in dairy cows were made before the end of the last century with little information generated afterwards. However,large advances on the molecular aspects of intestinal absorption and cellular uptake of FA were made on monogastric species in the last 20 years. We provide a model of FA utilization in dairy cows by using information generated in monogastrics and enriching it with data produced in dairy cows. We also reviewed the latest studies on the effects of dietary FA on milk yield, milk fatty acid composition, reproduction, and health in dairy cows. The reviewed data revealed a complex picture with the FA being active in each step of the way, starting from influencing rumen microbiota, regulating intestinal absorption, and affecting cellular uptake and utilization by peripheral tissues, making prediction on in vivo nutrigenomic effects of FA challenging. | Massimo Bionaz Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez Sebastiano Busato | 2021 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2021，12，1： | 8 |
| 7 | Proangiogenic Cytokines as Hypoxia-Dependent Factors Stimulating Migration of Human Hepatic Stellate Cells显示文摘 | Erica Novo Stefania Cannito Elena Zamara Lorenzo Valfrè di Bonzo Alessandra Caligiuri Carlo Cravanzola Alessandra Compagnone Sebastiano Colombatto Fabio Marra Massimo Pinzani Maurizio Parola | 2007 | The American Journal of Pathology2007，，6： | 6 |
| 8 | Surgical management of moderate ischemic mitral valve regurgitation: Where do we stand?显示文摘Ischemic mitral regurgitation(IMR) represents a common complication after myocardial infarction. The valve is anatomically normal and the incompetence is the result of papillary muscles displacement and annular dilatation, causing leaflets tethering. Functionally the leaflets present a restricted systolic motion due to tethering forces that displaces the coaptation surface toward the left ventricle apex. The patients present poor left ventricular function at the time of surgery and the severity of the mitral regurgitation increases the risk of mortality. Currently there is general agreement to treat surgically severe IMR nevertheless strong evidences for patient with moderate insufficiency remains poor and proper treatment debated. The most effectivesurgical approach for the treatment of IMR remains debated. Some authors demonstrated that coronary artery bypass graft(CABG) alone is beneficial in patients with IMR. Conversely, in most patients, moderate IMR will persist or worsen after CABG alone which translate in higher long-term mortality as a function of residual mitral regurgitation severity. A probable reason for this unclear surgical management of functional MR is due to the contemporary suboptimal results of reparative techniques. The standard surgical treatment of chronic IMR is CABG associated with undersized annuloplasty using complete ring. Though, the recurrence of mitral regurgitation remains high(> 30%) because of continous left ventricle remodeling. To get better long term results, in the last decade, several subvalvular procedures in adjunct to mitral anuloplasty have been developed. Among them, surgical papillary muscle relocation represents the most appreciated option capable to restore normal left ventricle geometry. In the next future new preoperative predictors of increased mitral regurgitation recurrence are certainly needed to find an individual time period of treatment in each patient with moderate IMR. | Khalil Fattouch Sebastiano Castrovinci Giacomo Murana Marco Moscarelli Giuseppe Speziale | 2014 | World Journal of Cardiology2014，6，11： | 5 |
| 9 | Acupuncture for paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation:An effective non-pharmacological tool?显示文摘In Traditional Chinese Medicine,stimulation of the Neiguan spot has been utilized to treat palpitations and symptoms related to different cardiovascular diseases.We evaluated whether acupuncture might exert an antiarrhythmic effect on patients with paroxysmal or persistent atrial fibrillation(AF).Two sets of data are reviewed.The first included patients with persistent AF who underwent electrical cardioversion to restore sinus rhythm.The second included patients with symptomatic paroxysmal AF.All subjects had normal ventricular function.Acupuncture treatment consisted of 10 acupuncture sessions on a once a week basis with puncturing of the Neiguan,Shenmen and Xinshu spots.In patients with persistent AF,the recurrence rate after acupuncture treatment was similar to that observed in patients on amiodarone,but significantly smaller than that measured after sham acupuncture treatment or in the absence of any antiarrhythmic drugs.In a small group of patients with paroxysmal AF,acupuncture resulted in a significant reduction in the number and duration of symptomatic AF episodes.In conclusion,we observed that acupuncture of the Neiguan spot was associated with an antiarrhythmic effect,which was evident in patients with both persistent and paroxysmal AF.These preliminary data,observed in 2 small groups of AF patients,need to be validated in a larger population but strongly suggest that acupuncture may be an effective non-invasive and safe antiarrhythmic tool in the management of these patients. | Federico Lombardi Sebastiano Belletti Pier Maria Battezzati Alberto Lomuscio | 2012 | World Journal of Cardiology2012，4，3： | 4 |
| 10 | Digoxin:A systematic review in atrial fibrillation,congestive heart failure and post myocardial infarction显示文摘AIM: To review digoxin use in systolic congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and after myocardial infarction. METHODS: A comprehensive Pub Med search was performed using the key words 'digoxin and congestive heart failure', 'digoxin and atrial fibrillation', 'digoxin, atrial fibrillation and systolic congestive heart failure', and 'digoxin and myocardial infarction'. Only articles written in English were included in this study. We retained studies originating from randomized controlled trials, registries and included at least 500 patients. The studies included patients with atrial fibrillation or heart failure or myocardial infarction and had a significant proportion of patients(at least 5%) on digoxin. A table reviewing the different hazard ratios was developed based on the articles selected. Our primary endpoint was the overall mortality in the patients on digoxin vs those without digoxin, among patients with atrial fibrillation and also among patients with atrial fibrillation and systolic heart failure. We reviewed the most recent international guidelines to discuss current recommendations.RESULTS: A total of 18 studies were found that evaluated digoxin and overall mortality in different clinical settings including systolic congestive heart failure and normal sinus rhythm(n = 5), atrial fibrillation with and without systolic congestive heart failure(n = 9), and myocardial infarction(n = 4). Overall, patients with systolic congestive heart failure with normal sinus rhythm, digoxin appears to have a neutral effect on mortality especially if close digoxin level monitoring is employed. However, most of the observational studies evaluating digoxin use in atrial fibrillation without systolic congestive heart failure showed an increase in overall mortality when taking digoxin. In the studies evaluated in this systematic review, the data among patients with atrial fibrillation and systolic congestive heart failure, as well as post myocardial infarction were more controversial. The extent to which discrepancies among studies are based on statistical methods is currently unclear, as these studies' findings are generated by retrospective analyses that employed different techniques to address confounding. CONCLUSION: Based on the potential risks and benefits, as well as the presence of alternative drugs, there is a limited role for digoxin in the management of patients with normal sinus rhythm and congestive heart failure. Based on the retrospective studies reviewed there is a growing volume of data showing increased mortality in those with only atrial fibrillation. The pro-per role of digoxin is, however, less certain in other subgroups of patients, such as those with both atrial fibrillation and systolic congestive heart failure or after a myocardial infarction. Further studies may provide helpful information for such subgroups of patients. | Sebastiano Virgadamo Richard Charnigo Yousef Darrat Gustavo Morales Claude S Elayi | 2015 | World Journal of Cardiology2015，7，11： | 4 |
| 11 | Aortic valve stenosis: treatments options in elderly high-risk patients显示文摘 | Khalil Fattouch Sebastiano Castrovinci Patrizia Carita | 2016 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2016，13，6： | 4 |
| 12 | Safety and feasibility of thullium laser transurethral resection of prostate for the treatment of benign prostatic enlargement in overweight patients显示文摘Objective:We aimed to determine safety and feasibility of thulium laser transurethral vapoenucleation of prostate(ThuVEP)for treatment of obese patients affected by benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).Methods:We retrospectively analysed data of 452 patients with BPH who underwent ThuVEP from February 2012 to March 2016 in a single center.Patients were divided into three groups according to body mass index(BMI,kg/m^2):Normal weight(18.5≤BMI<25;Group A),overweight(25≤BMI<30;Group B)and obese(BMI≤30;Group C),for a total of 412 patients evaluable for this study.Preoperative total serum prostate-specific antigen(PSA),digital rectal examination of the prostate,transrectal ultrasound(TRUS),renal ultrasound,urine culture,uroflowmetry,International Prostate Symptoms Score(IPSS),and Quality of Life(QoL)score were analyzed.Post-operative complications,hospital stay and days of catheterization,questionnaires and uroflowmetry at 1 and 3 months after surgery were evaluated.Preoperative data,surgical outcomes,complication rate and clinical outcomes were compared between groups.Results:The median age of patients was 69 years(Interquartile Range[IQR 10]).The preoperative median IPSS among groups was 19(IQR 8.75),20(IQR 10),and 18(IQR 10)respectively.At 1 and 3 months of follow-up,this value was 8(IQR 7),8(IQR 4),7(IQR 5)and 5(IQR 6.25),5(IQR 6),6(IQR 5),respectively(all p between groups>0.05).There was no statistically significant difference among three groups as for hospital stay and days of catheterization(p>0.05).Conclusion:Our results showed that ThuVEP was safe and feasible even in overweight patients with substantially enlarged prostate. | Luca Carmignani Maria Chiara Clementi Claudia Signorini Gloria Motta Sebastiano Nazzani Franco Palmisano Elisa De Lorenzis Michele Catellani Alessandro Francesco Mistretta Andrea Conti Valeria Tringali Maria Beatrice Costa Damiano Vizziello | 2019 | Asian Journal of Urology2019，6，3： | 3 |
| 13 | Novel endoscopic management for pancreatic pseudocyst with fistula to the common bile duct显示文摘Pancreatic pseudocyst formation is a well-known complication of pancreatitis. It represents about 75% of the cystic lesions of the pancreas and might be located within or surrounding the pancreatic tissue. Sixty percent of the occurrences resolve spontaneously and only persistent, symptomatic or complicated cysts need to be treated. Complications include infection, hemorrhage, gastric outlet obstruction, splenic infarction and rupture. The formation of fistulas to other viscera is rare and most commonly occurs within the stomach, duodenum or colon. We report a case of a patient with a pancreatic pseudocyst in communication with the common bile duct. There have been only few cases reported in the literature. We successfully managed our case by performing an endoscopicultrasound-guided drainage of the pancreatic collection and a contemporaneous stenting of the common bile duct. Performed independently, both drainages are effective, safe and well-coded and the expertise on these procedures is widespread. By our knowledge this therapeutic approach was never reported in literature but we retain this is the most correct treatment for this very rare condition. | Stefano Francesco Crinò Giuseppe Scalisi Pierluigi Consolo Doriana Varvara Antonio Bottari Sebastiano Pantè Socrate Pallio | 2014 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2014，6，12： | 3 |
| 14 | Aortic stenosis: insights on pathogenesis and clinical implications显示文摘大动脉的狭窄(作为) 是在西方的人口的普通的瓣膜的心疾病,与在在 75 年的成年人的 3% 的估计的全面流行。为了理解它的 patho 生物的过程,代表优先级。在老病人,作为通常包含 trileaflet 阀门并且被叫作退化石灰质的过程。科学证据建议活跃 “ 的参与; atherosclerosis-like”在开始阶段的致病退化作为。到矛盾,前进能被不同力量驾驶(例如在发炎和石灰化之间的机械应力,基因因素和相互作用) 。改进理解为阻止并且禁止疾病的发展和前进介绍潜在地新的治疗学的目标。而且,在临床的实践管理作为病人暗示概括动脉粥样硬化患者表明的评估(即,在里面冠并且颈动脉动脉) 甚至为预示的原因。在 counselling 老病人,风险层化应该超过通用风险分数探讨单个脆弱。在这些,问候,合作病态,和特别地那些连接了到全球动脉粥样硬化患者负担,应该小心地被调查以便为侵略治疗策略定义风险 / 利益比率。我们在场在致病的卓见的详细概述就象可能的实际含意。 | Patrizia Carita Giuseppe Coppola Giuseppina Novo Giuseppa Caccamo Marco Guglielmo FabioBalasus Salvatore Novo Sebastiano Castrovinci Marco Moscarelli Khalil Fattouch Egle Corrado | 2016 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2016，13，6： | 3 |
| 15 | Reduced levels of N-terminal-proatrial natriuretic peptide in hypertensive patients with metabolic syndrome and their relationship with left ventricular mass显示文摘 | Speranza Rubattu Sebastiano Sciarretta Giuseppino Massimo Ciavarella Vanessa Venturelli Paola De Paolis Giuliano Tocci Luciano De Biase Andrea Ferrucci Massimo Volpe | 2007 | Journal of Hypertension2007，，4： | 2 |
| 16 | LED Failure Modes Implications in Ex-e Applications显示文摘 | Roberto Sebastiano Faranda Lorenzo Fame Kim Fumagalli | 2015 | Journal of Energy and Power Engineering2015，9，11： | 2 |
| 17 | Current controversies and future perspectives on treatment of intensive care unit delirium in adults显示文摘Delirium is the most frequent manifestation of acute brain dysfunction in intensive care unit(ICU).Although antipsychotics are widely used to treat this serious complication,recent evidence has emphasized that these agents did not reduce ICU delirium(ICU-D)prevalence and did not improve survival,length of ICU or hospital stay after its occurrence.Of note,no pharmacological strategy to prevent or treat delirium has been identified,so far.In this scenario,new scientific evidences are urgently needed.Investigations on specific ICU-D subgroups,or focused on different clinical settings,and studies on medications other than antipsychotics,such as dexmedetomidine or melatonin,may represent interesting fields of research.In the meantime,because there is some evidence that ICU-D can be effectively prevented,the literature suggests strengthening all the strategies aimed at prevention through no-pharmacological approaches mostly focused on the correction of risk factors.The more appropriate strategy useful to treat established delirium remains the use of antipsychotics managed by choosing the right doses after a careful case-by-case analysis.While the evidence regarding the use of dexmedetomidine is still conflicting and sparse,this drug offers interesting perspectives for both ICU-D prevention and treatment.This paper aims to provide an overview of current pharmacological approaches of evidence-based medicine practice.The state of the art of the on-going clinical research on the topic and perspectives for future research are also addressed. | Marco Cascella Marco Fiore Sebastiano Leone Domenico Carbone Raffaela Di Napoli | 2019 | World Journal of Critical Care Medicine2019，8，3： | 2 |
| 18 | Role of Octreotide, Scopolamine Butylbromide, and Hydration in Symptom Control of Patients with Inoperable Bowel Obstruction and Nasogastric Tubes显示文摘 | Carla Ripamonti Sebastiano Mercadante Liliana Groff Ernesto Zecca Franco De Conno Alessandra Casuccio | 2000 | Journal of Pain and Symptom Management2000，，1： | 2 |
| 19 | Mechanisms involved in selecting and maintaining neuroblastoma cancer stem cell populations, and perspectives for therapeutic targeting显示文摘Pediatric neuroblastomas(NBs)are heterogeneous,aggressive,therapy-resistant embryonal tumours that originate from cells of neural crest(NC)origin and in particular neuroblasts committed to the sympathoadrenal progenitor cell lineage.Therapeutic resistance,post-therapeutic relapse and subsequent metastatic NB progression are driven primarily by cancer stem cell(CSC)-like subpopulations,which through their self-renewing capacity,intermittent and slow cell cycles,drug-resistant and reversibly adaptive plastic phenotypes,represent the most important obstacle to improving therapeutic outcomes in unfavourable NBs.In this review,dedicated to NB CSCs and the prospects for their therapeutic eradication,we initiate with brief descriptions of the unique transient vertebrate embryonic NC structure and salient molecular protagonists involved NC induction,specification,epithelial to mesenchymal transition and migratory behaviour,in order to familiarise the reader with the embryonic cellular and molecular origins and background to NB.We follow this by introducing NB and the potential NC-derived stem/progenitor cell origins of NBs,before providing a comprehensive review of the salient molecules,signalling pathways,mechanisms,tumour microenvironmental and therapeutic conditions involved in promoting,selecting and maintaining NB CSC subpopulations,and that underpin their therapy-resistant,self-renewing metastatic behaviour.Finally,we review potential therapeutic strategies and future prospects for targeting and eradication of these bastions of NB therapeutic resistance,post-therapeutic relapse and metastatic progression. | Antonietta Rosella Farina Lucia Annamaria Cappabianca Veronica Zelli Michela Sebastiano Andrew Reay Mackay | 2021 | World Journal of Stem Cells2021，13，7： | 2 |
| 20 | Interplay between SOX9, β-catenin and PPARγ activation in colorectal cancer显示文摘 | Anna Panza Valerio Pazienza Maria Ripoli Giorgia Benegiamo Annamaria Gentile Maria Rosaria Valvano Bartolomeo Augello Giuseppe Merla Clelia Prattichizzo Francesca Tavano Elena Ranieri Pierluigi di Sebastiano Manlio Vinciguerra Angelo Andriulli Gianluigi M | 2013 | BBA - Molecular Cell Research2013，，8： | 2 |
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