| 3 | 尼古丁透皮贴剂用于手术后镇痛:一项剂量-范围的初步研究显示文摘背景一些动物研究已证实尼古丁在手术后有镇痛作用。然而,尼古丁经鼻喷雾剂在临床试验中得到的结果却好坏参半,这可能与其药代动力学的差异有关,或者受试者中有接触过尼古丁的吸烟者。本初步研究在手术前对非吸烟患者应用尼古丁透皮贴剂,旨在观察其镇痛作用。方法40例接受普外科手术的受试者参加此项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的前瞻性研究,患者手术后需留院一晚并采用患者自控镇痛。手术前即刻分别给予受试者剂量为0、5、10或15mg的尼古丁透皮贴剂。本研究观察的主要指标为手术后第1小时及此后5天的疼痛程度,使用数字评价量表(NRS)进行评分。次要指标为镇痛药的用量、血流动力学数据、恶心及镇静情况。结果应用尼古丁透皮贴剂的治疗组在手术后第1小时及手术后5天中,疼痛评分均低于使用安慰剂的对照组,手术后第1小时:P=0.003,NRS均值下降1.4,95%CI=0.3~2.6;手术后5天:P=0.03,NRS均值下降1.0,95%CI=0.1-1.9。尼古丁剂量超过5mg时镇痛效果没有明显的提升。治疗组中有镇痛药的使用量减少、恶心增加、心动过速减少和收缩期血压轻度下降的趋势,但无统计学意义。结论剂量为5—15mg的尼古丁透皮贴剂可降低普外科手术后的疼痛评分,但是不能减少阿片类镇痛药的需求及其产生的副作用。 | Daewha Hong Jessamyn Conell-Price Sean Cheng Pamela Flood 王聪(译) 陈卫民(校) | 2010 | 麻醉与镇痛2010，，4： | 2 |
| 6 | Fungal diversity notes 253-366:taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal taxa显示文摘Notes on 113 fungal taxa are compiled in this paper,including 11 new genera,89 new species,one new subspecies,three new combinations and seven reference specimens.Awide geographic and taxonomic range of fungal taxa are detailed.In the Ascomycota the new genera Angustospora(Testudinaceae),Camporesia(Xylariaceae),Clematidis,Crassiparies(Pleosporales genera incertae sedis),Farasanispora,Longiostiolum(Pleosporales genera incertae sedis),Multilocularia(Parabambusicolaceae),Neophaeocryptopus(Dothideaceae),Parameliola(Pleosporales genera incertae sedis),and Towyspora(Lentitheciaceae)are introduced.Newly introduced species are Angustospora nilensis,Aniptodera aquibella,Annulohypoxylon albidiscum,Astrocystis thailandica,Camporesia sambuci,Clematidis italica,Colletotrichum menispermi,C.quinquefoliae,Comoclathris pimpinellae,Crassiparies quadrisporus,Cytospora salicicola,Diatrype thailandica,Dothiorella rhamni,Durotheca macrostroma,Farasanispora avicenniae,Halorosellinia rhizophorae,Humicola koreana,Hypoxylon lilloi,Kirschsteiniothelia tectonae,Lindgomyces okinawaensis,Longiostiolum tectonae,Lophiostoma pseudoarmatisporum,Moelleriella phukhiaoensis,M.pongdueatensis,Mucoharknessia anthoxanthi,Multilocularia bambusae,Multiseptospora thysanolaenae,Neophaeocryptopus cytisi,Ocellularia arachchigei,O.ratnapurensis,Ochronectria thailandica,Ophiocordyceps karstii,Parameliola acaciae,P.dimocarpi,Parastagonospora cumpignensis,Pseudodidymosphaeria phlei,Polyplosphaeria thailandica,Pseudolachnella brevifusiformis,Psiloglonium macrosporum,Rhabdodiscus albodenticulatus,Rosellinia chiangmaiensis,Saccothecium rubi,Seimatosporium pseudocornii,S.pseudorosae,Sigarispora ononidis and Towyspora aestuari.New combinations are provided for Eutiarosporella dactylidis(sexual morph described and illus trated)and Pseudocamarosporium pini.Descriptions,illustrations and/or reference specimens are designated for Aposphaeria corallinolutea,Cryptovalsa ampelina,Dothiorella vidmadera,Ophiocordyceps formosana,Petrakia echinata,Phragmoporthe conformis and Pseudocamarosporium pini.The new species of Basidiomycota are Agaricus coccyginus,A.luteofibrillosus,Amanita atrobrunnea,A.digitosa,A.gleocystidiosa,A.pyriformis,A.strobilipes,Bondarzewia tibetica,Cortinarius albosericeus,C.badioflavidus,C.dentigratus,C.duboisensis,C.fragrantissimus,C.roseobasilis,C.vinaceobrunneus,C.vinaceogrisescens,C.wahkiacus,Cyanoboletus hymenoglutinosus,Fomitiporia atlantica,F.subtilissima,Ganoderma wuzhishanensis,Inonotus shoreicola,Lactifluus armeniacus,L.ramipilosus,Leccinum indoaurantiacum,Musumecia alpina,M.sardoa,Russula amethystina subp.tengii and R.wangii are introduced.Descriptions,illustrations,notes and/or reference specimens are designated for Clarkeinda trachodes,Dentocorticium ussuricum,Galzinia longibasidia,Lentinus stuppeus and Leptocorticium tenellum.The other new genera,species new combinations are Anaeromyces robustus,Neocallimastix californiae and Piromyces finnis from Neocallimastigomycota,Phytophthora estuarina,P.rhizophorae,Salispina,S.intermedia,S.lobata and S.spinosa from Oomycota,and Absidia stercoraria,Gongronella orasabula,Mortierella calciphila,Mucor caatinguensis,M.koreanus,M.merdicola and Rhizopus koreanus in Zygomycota. | Guo Jie Li Kevin D.Hyde Rui Lin Zhao Sinang Hongsanan Faten Awad Abdel-Aziz Mohamed A.Abdel-Wahab Pablo Alvarado Genivaldo Alves-Silva Joseph F.Ammirati Hiran A.Ariyawansa Abhishek Baghela Ali Hassan Bahkali Michael Beug D.Jayarama Bhat Dimitar Bojantchev Thitiya Boonpratuang Timur S.Bulgakov Erio Camporesi Marcela CBoro Oldriska Ceska Dyutiparna Chakraborty Jia Jia Chen K.W.Thilini Chethana Putarak Chomnunti Giovanni Consiglio Bao Kai Cui Dong Qin Dai Yu Cheng Dai Dinushani A.Daranagama Kanad Das Monika C.Dayarathne Eske De Crop Rafael J.V.De Oliveira Carlos Alberto Fragoso de Souza JoséIde Souza Bryn T.M.Dentinger Asha J.Dissanayake Mingkwan Doilom E.Ricardo Drechsler-Santos Masoomeh Ghobad-Nejhad Sean P.Gilmore Aristóteles Góes-Neto MichałGorczak Charles H.Haitjema Kalani Kanchana Hapuarachchi Akira Hashimoto Mao Qiang He John K.Henske Kazuyuki Hirayama Maria J.Iribarren Subashini C.Jayasiri Ruvishika S.Jayawardena Sun Jeong Jeon Gustavo H.Jerônimo Ana L.Jesus E.B.Gareth Jones Ji Chuan Kang Samantha C.Karunarathna Paul M.Kirk Sirinapa Konta Eric Kuhnert Ewald Langer Haeng Sub Lee Hyang Burm Lee Wen Jing Li Xing Hong Li Kare Liimatainen Diogo Xavier Lima Chuan Gen Lin Jian Kui Liu Xings Zhong Liu Zuo Yi Liu J.Jennifer Luangsa-ard Robert Lücking H.Thorsten Lumbsch Saisamorn Lumyong Eduardo M.Leaño Agostina V.Marano Misato Matsumura Eric H.C.McKenzie Suchada Mongkolsamrit Peter E.Mortimer Thi Thuong Thuong Nguyen Tuula Niskanen Chada Norphanphoun Michelle A.O’Malley Sittiporn Parnmen Julia Pawłowska Rekhani H.Perera Rungtiwa Phookamsak Chayanard Phukhamsakda Carmen L.A.Pires-Zottarelli Olivier Raspé Mateus A.Reck Sarah C.O.Rocha AndréL.C.M.Ade Santiago Indunil C.Senanayake Ledo Setti Qiu Ju Shang Sanjay K.Singh Esteban B.Sir Kevin V.Solomon Jie Song Prasert Srikitikulchai Marc Stadler Satinee Suetrong Hayato Takahashi Takumasa Takahashi Kazuaki Tanaka Li Ping Tang Kasun M.Thambugala Donnaya Thanakitpipattana Michael K.Theodorou Benjarong Thongbai Tuksaporn Thummarukcharoen Qing Tian Saowaluck Tibpromma Annemieke Verbeken Alfredo Vizzini Josef Vlasák Kerstin Voigt Dhanushka N.Wanasinghe Yong Wang Gothamie Weerakoon Hua An Wen Ting Chi Wen Nalin N.Wijayawardene Sarunyou Wongkanoun Marta Wrzosek Yuan Pin Xiao Jian Chu Xu Ji Ye Yan Jing Yang Shu Da Yang Yu Hu Jin Feng Zhang Jie Zhao Li Wei Zhou Derek Peršoh Alan J.L.Phillips Sajeewa S.N.Maharachchikumbura | 2016 | Fungal Diversity2016，，3： | 1 |
| 14 | 麻醉相关效应:丙泊酚麻醉患者的手术后疼痛轻于异氟烷麻醉患者显示文摘背景临床前期实验显示某些挥发性麻醉药可能通过抑制烟碱受体引起痛觉过敏。早期的实验证实,给予异氟烷麻醉的女性患者鼻腔内喷雾烟碱,具有手术后镇痛作用。为了确定烟碱是逆转了异氟烷引起的痛觉过敏,还是单纯充当了镇痛药的角色,本研究探讨了烟碱对异氟烷+芬太尼或丙泊酚+芬太尼麻醉的女性患者手术后疼痛的影响。方法此项随机、前瞻、双盲研究,对80例采用异氟烷或丙泊酚麻醉行开腹子宫手术的女性患者加以研究。在2个麻醉组中,受试者又被随机分为烟碱3mg组或安慰剂组。数字模拟疼痛评分是首要的观察指标。结果患者的基本情况相似。丙泊酚麻醉组手术后第1天的疼痛评分及吗啡用量要小于异氟烷麻醉组(P〈0.01,P〈0.01)。烟碱的使用没有改变任一组的疼痛评分及吗啡用量(P〉0.05)。结论采用丙泊酚行全身麻醉的患者手术后疼痛及吗啡用量要小于异氟烷麻醉的患者。本研究中烟碱不具有镇痛作用。若上述结果在其他人群中具有可重复性,那么丙泊酚麻醉除具有以前报道的改善恶心、呕吐外的潜在优势外,还能减轻手术后疼痛。 | Sean S. Cheng, MS Janet Yeh, BS Pamela Flood, MD 浦少峰(译) | 2009 | 麻醉与镇痛2009，，2： | 0 |
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