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| 1 | 老年人衰弱综合征的发病机制和评估及管理显示文摘随着全球老龄化和衰老与疾病相关研究的深入,衰弱已经成为现代老年医学研究的热点问题之一。衰弱是一种常见的重要老年综合征,表现为机体的脆弱性增加,维持稳态的能力下降,面对各种应激时,发病和死亡的风险增加。其核心特点是多个生理系统(神经肌肉、代谢及免疫系统等)的储备功能下降。 | 宁晓暄 欧阳敏 Leng Sean X | 2015 | 中华老年医学杂志2015，34，12： | 50 |
| 2 | Portal vein thrombosis, mortality and hepatic decompensation in patients with cirrhosis: A meta-analysis显示文摘AIM: To determine the clinical impact of portal vein thrombosis in terms of both mortality and hepatic decompensations(variceal hemorrhage, ascites, portosystemic encephalopathy) in adult patients with cirrhosis.METHODS: We identified original articles reported through February 2015 in MEDLINE, Scopus, Science Citation Index, AMED, the Cochrane Library, and relevant examples available in the grey literature. Two independent reviewers screened all citations for inclusion criteria and extracted summary data. Random effects odds ratios were calculated to obtain aggregate estimates of effect size across included studies, with 95%CI.RESULTS: A total of 226 citations were identified and reviewed, and 3 studies with 2436 participants were included in the meta-analysis of summary effect. Patients with portal vein thrombosis had an increased risk of mortality(OR = 1.62, 95%CI: 1.11-2.36, P = 0.01). Portal vein thrombosis was associated with an increased risk of ascites(OR = 2.52, 95%CI: 1.63-3.89, P < 0.001). There was insufficient data available to determine the pooled effect on other markers of decompensation including gastroesophageal variceal bleeding or hepatic encephalopathy. CONCLUSION: Portal vein thrombosis appears to increase mortality and ascites, however, the relatively small number of included studies limits more generalizable conclusions. More trials with a direct comparison group are needed. | Jonathan G Stine Puja M Shah Scott L Cornella Sean R Rudnick Marwan S Ghabril George J Stukenborg Patrick G Northup | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，27： | 42 |
| 3 | 探索MOOC教学方法在mLearning中的运用显示文摘本文把大型开放式网络课程(Massively Open Online Course,以下简称MOOC)作为适应移动学习(mLearning)的一种可能的教学方法,这种教学方法建立在与当前学习或教学形式相适宜的基础上。本文呈现了一个MobiMOOC应用的案例研究,该案例使用MOOC形式创建一门课程,研究展示了MOOC和mLearning之间的协同特性,并将当前数字化的协作学习和知识建构这两个理想领域结合在一起。MobiMOOC是聚焦于mlearning、为期六周的网上课程,于2011年的4月到5月之间进行。MobiMOOC是免费开放的课程,有556位学习者加入了课程谷歌群组。课程结束时的调查结果有力地证明了MOOCs和mLearning之间的协同作用。本篇论文对时间和地点的独立性、情境学习、协作学习、潜在的跨学科信息交流,以及应用于网上学习的技术,如社交媒体,移动设备等方面进行了探讨。 | Inge DE Waard Apostolos Koutropoulos Nilgün zdamar Keskin Sean C.Abajian Rebecca Hogue C.Osvaldo Rodriguez Michael Sean Gallagher 何伏刚 马东明 孙海民 | 2012 | 中国远程教育2012，，5： | 39 |
| 4 | The PI3K/AKT Pathway and Renal Cell Carcinoma显示文摘The phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase(PI3K)/AKT pathway is genetically targeted in more pathway components and in more tumor types than any other growth factor signaling pathway,and thus is frequently activated as a cancer driver.More importantly,the PI3K/AKT pathway is composed of multiple bifurcating and converging kinase cascades,providing many potential targets for cancer therapy.Renal cell carcinoma(RCC) is a high-risk and high-mortality cancer that is notoriously resistant to traditional chemotherapies or radiotherapies.The PI3K/AKT pathway is modestly mutated but highly activated in RCC,representing a promising drug target.Indeed,PI3 K pathway inhibitors of the rapalog family are approved for use in RCC.Recent large-scale integrated analyses of a large number of patients have provided a molecular basis for RCC,reiterating the critical role of the PI3K/AKT pathway in this cancer.In this review,we summarize the genetic alterations of the PI3K/AKT pathway in RCC as indicated in the latest large-scale genome sequencing data,as well as treatments for RCC that target the aberrant activated PI3K/AKT pathway. | Huifang Guo Peter German Shanshan Bai Sean Barnes Wei Guo Xiangjie Qi Hongxiang Lou Jiyong Liang Eric Jonasch Gordon B.Mills Zhiyong Ding | 2015 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2015，42，7： | 39 |
| 5 | CONFLICT ANALYSIS APPROACHES FOR INVESTIGATING ATTITUDES AND MISPERCEPTIONS IN THE WAR OF 1812显示文摘设计途径到为错误感觉和态度建模的正式系统在图模型的框架以内被采用让冲突分辨率系统地学习在美国和大 Britainin 顺序之间的 1812 的战争提供提高的卓见进战争的原因。更明确地,为偏爱,运动和稳定性概念的关系定义为描述态度被定义并且联系了涉及冲突的决定制造者的行为。到在 1812 的战争的决定制造者的俘获错误感觉,态度在一场亢奋的比赛的结构以内被学习。在图模型的范例以内的 Combiningattitudes 和错误感觉供应证明由英国和美国的态度的那误解可能贡献了这不干净的战争的爆发的灵活分析工具。 | Takehiro INOHARA Keith W. HIPEL Sean WALKER | 2007 | Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering2007，16，2： | 29 |
| 6 | 成都市大学生男男性行为人群艾滋病性病高危行为现状调查显示文摘[目的]了解成都市大学生男男性行为(MSM)人群性行为现状,为制定高危人群防治策略提供依据。[方法]采取'网络调查'和传统'滚雪球'调查相结合的方法对成都市大学生MSM人群性行为进行调查,所有数据使用SPSS13.0进行分析。[结果]回收有效问卷共617份。调查对象平均年龄(21.51±2.27)岁。62.4%的受访者自我认同为同性恋,28.8%的受访者自我认同为双性恋。89.5%的受访者认为同性恋是正常性行为,21.5%的受访者认为自己以后不会与异性结婚,有21.4%的受访者已经与异性发生过性行为。41.8%的受访者近1个月与固定性伴每次肛交都使用安全套,62.9%的受访者与固定性伴最近1次肛交时使用了安全套;56.7%的受访者近1个月与非固定性伴每次肛交都使用安全套,25.1%受访者与非固定性伴最近1次肛交时未使用安全套。艾滋病性病知识来源于综合网站和同志网站分别是59.8%和42.5%,来源于朋友和同志工作组分别为24.5%和15.4%。[结论]高危行为在大学生MSM群体中存在,该群体大多数同志并未意识到所面临的HIV及性病威胁。未来的干预应重点增加对大学生男同性恋群体自我认同及心理支持的关注,有针对性的开发安全套推广策略以及创新性的动员大学生同志开展与其环境和群体文化相适应的干预活动形式。 | 邓斌 江华 王文渊 Charles Damien Lu Sean Robert Dickson 赖文红 杨浩 刘毅 | 2010 | 现代预防医学2010，37，8： | 29 |
| 7 | Epidemiology, causes, clinical manifestation and diagnosis, prevention and control of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) during the early outbreak period: a scoping review显示文摘Background:The coronavirus disease(COVID-19)has been identified as the cause of an outbreak of respiratory illness in Wuhan,Hubei Province,China beginning in December 2019.As of 31 January 2020,this epidemic had spread to 19 countries with 11791 confirmed cases,including 213 deaths.The World Health Organization has declared it a Public Health Emergency of International Concern.Methods:A scoping review was conducted following the methodological framework suggested by Arksey and O'Malley.In this scoping review,65 research articles published before 31 January 2020 were analyzed and discussed to better understand the epidemiology,causes,clinical diagnosis,prevention and control of this virus.The research domains,dates of publication,journal language,authors'affiliations,and methodological characteristics were included in the analysis.All the findings and statements in this review regarding the outbreak are based on published information as listed in the references.Results:Most of the publications were written using the English language(89.2%).The largest proportion of published articles were related to causes(38.5%)and a majority(67.7%)were published by Chinese scholars.Research articles initially focused on causes,but over time there was an increase of the articles related to prevention and control.Studies thus far have shown that the virus7 origination is in connection to a seafood market in Wuhan,but specific animal associations have not been confirmed.Reported symptoms include fever,cough,fatigue,pneumonia,headache,diarrhea,hemoptysis,and dyspnea.Preventive measures such as masks,hand hygiene practices,avoidance of public contact,case detection,contact tracing,and quarantines have been discussed as ways to reduce transmission.To date,no specific antiviral treatment has proven effective;hence,infected people primarily rely on symptomatic treatment and supportive care.Conclusions:There has been a rapid surge in research in response to the outbreak of COVID-19.During this early period,published research primarily explored the epidemiology,causes,clinical manifestation and diagnosis,as well as prevention and control of the novel coronavirus.Although these studies are relevant to control the current public emergency,more high-quality research is needed to provide valid and reliable ways to manage this kind of public health emergency in both the short-and long-term. | Sasmita Poudel Adhikari Sha Meng Yu-Ju Wu Yu-Ping Mao Rui-Xue Ye Qing-Zhi Wang Chang Sun Sean Sylvia Scott Rozelle Hein Raat Huan Zhou | 2020 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2020，9，2： | 28 |
| 8 | 改善2型糖尿病患者的生活质量--快乐生活俱乐部^(TM_注)项目报告(六)显示文摘背景和目的糖尿病明显地影响病人的心理健康,而心理问题又反过来影响病人参与治疗和自我管理的能力。快乐生活俱乐部的健康教练采用动机谈话和心理学技术,帮助病人改变行为,更好地管理慢性病。本项目采用凯斯勒心理忧虑量表(Kessler psychological d istress scale,K10)评价干预对参加者心理健康的影响。方法将100名55岁及以上的糖尿病患者随机分为动机谈话组(干预组)和对照组,10名社区卫生工作者接受健康心理学专家培训,为干预组提供动机谈话服务。干预组和对照组都接受常规的糖尿病管理。在干预实施前、实施后6个月和12个月时以问卷调查方式收集数据。计算K10每个指标的平均值,并按照低、中、高、很高对K10总分进行心理问题严重程度的分析。将K10总分≥16确定为焦虑或抑郁风险较高,K10总分≥30确定为心理疾病筛选阳性,比较干预前后两组间的差异。结果 (1)干预1~6个月时,干预组10个指标中有6个明显下降,差异有统计学意义。干预7~12个月时,这6个指标中有5个继续下降,另外还有2个指标开始下降。(2)干预1~6个月时,两组较高焦虑或抑郁风险的比例都明显下降,7~12个月时未呈继续下降。(3)基线时,心理疾病筛选阳性(K10分值30~50)率为6%,高于中国和澳大利亚以往调查的结果。该率在干预6个月后明显下降。结论项目干预对改善糖尿病患者非特异性心理抑郁产生积极影响。建议今后的卫生调查和干预研究中,开展对K10的心理测量学研究。建议该项目的干预组和对照组分别设置在不同的社区卫生服务中心,并增加观察样本量,以更好地评估动机谈话等心理学技术的干预效果。 | Colette Browning Shane Thomas 杨辉 Anna Chapman Sean Cowlishaw 李志新 张拓红 | 2011 | 中国全科医学2011，14，19： | 21 |
| 9 | 北京协和医院临床老年医学发展经验显示文摘为了适应中国人口老龄化现状,打破以单器官为中心的传统诊疗模式,在中国推广现代老年医学理念,北京协和医院自2006年起与美国约翰.霍普金斯医学院开展老年医学合作项目。文章强调了在中国发展现代老年医学的重要性,并介绍了北京协和医院老年科的工作成果。以普通老年人为服务对象;老年综合评估成为入院病人的常规项目;建立了一支老年医学多学科整合团队,参与病房查房和门诊;开展了骨科的术前会诊和多重用药的管理等。最后,分析了中国老年医学发展所面临的问题。 | 刘晓红 沈悌 Leng Sean X | 2012 | 中国实用内科杂志2012，32，4： | 21 |
| 10 | 打破传统亚专科片段医疗服务模式引进现代老年医学观念显示文摘从分析老年患者群体的特殊性着手,引进现代老年医学以患者为中心的个体化医疗保健服务的理念,旨在打破以单个器官系统为中心的单病诊疗的传统亚专科片段医疗服务模式。基于这一核心理念,现代老年医学以满足患者与家属的医疗保健的需求为宗旨,强调整体性、系统性和连续性、多学科协作,以及功能和生活质量的评估、维护与康复。同时,我们也扼要介绍现代老年医学几种新型的医疗模式包括老年病房、髋部骨折专诊、亚急性和转诊医疗、全面的老年人服务项目以及退休养老社区连续性医疗保健服务。在美国中华医学基金会以及刚创建的米尔斯丁亚美医学基金会、米尔斯丁现代老年医学专项的大力支持下,在我们这个世界上最多的老年人口之国引进和发展现代老年医学,将对提高老年人的医疗照护能力有重要意义。 | Leng Sean X | 2012 | 中华老年医学杂志2012，31，1： | 21 |
| 11 | 北京地区对于生前预嘱态度的初步调查显示文摘生前预嘱(advanced care planning,ACP)指患者本人对自己将来可能涉及到的医疗问题事先做出选择,以便在自己不能做决定时,使当时的医疗决策符合自己的意愿,其内容主要包括指定医疗决策代理人、预定在疾病终末期或特殊情况下是否进行生命支持治疗。 | 朱鸣雷 刘晓红 刘亚玲 徐宝红 谢鹏雁 Sean X.Leng | 2012 | 中华老年多器官疾病杂志2012，11，11： | 21 |
| 12 | 内侧固定平台单髁置换术后的冠状面下肢力线是翻修的影响因素显示文摘膝关节单髁置换术(unicompartmental knee arthroplasty,UKA)后患者冠状面的下肢力线被认为是影响手术长期疗效的一个重要因素,但关于最佳的UKA术后下肢力线还没有形成明确共识。一些研究主张术后下肢力线应保持在中立位,而另一些研究认为即使术后下肢力线存在10°的内翻也可获得良好的临床效果。 | Sean E Slaven John P Cody Robert A Sershon Henry Ho Robert H Hopper Jr Kevin B Fricka 李亚坤(整理) 张民(整理) | 2020 | 实用骨科杂志2020，26，12： | 15 |
| 13 | 对我国老年医学专科医师培养途径与模式的粗浅认识显示文摘随着我国进入老龄化社会,建立一支为之服务的老年医学医师队伍是保证老年人医疗健康服务的基础。但如何培养并建立起这支既能满足老年社会的基本医疗需求又能兼顾老年医学学科发展的队伍是摆在我们面前的重要任务。从内科高年住院医师中选拔高素质人才,进行现代老年医学相关专科培训,同时建立一支多学科老年医学临床工作团队,从临床上培养老年医学专科医师是一种可行的培养模式;另外建立导师制,从科研与个人职业发展方向两方面给予指导是培养高层次老年医学领军人才的可借鉴模式;将这些培养模式与社区医师培养相结合,使老年医学专科人才资源延伸到社区是快速培养我国老年医学医师队伍的可能方式。 | 田新平 Leng Sean X | 2012 | 中华老年医学杂志2012，31，1： | 14 |
| 14 | Epigenetic mechanisms in cardiac development and disease显示文摘在哺乳动物的开发期间,心脏的说明并且最终,对一种特定的心脏的房间类型的系承诺被特定的抄写因素(TF ) 和他们的过细的控制的行动在 epigenetic 水平上完成。在这评论,我们详细说明心脏特定的 TF 怎么与 nucleosome 改变和修改 histone 酶调整为象房间生长和增长那样的进程要求的基因的一个多样的网络在音乐会工作,或对间充质的转变(EMT ) 上皮例如。我们提供几心脏的 TF 例如 Nkx2.5 , WHSC1 , Tbx5 ,和 Tbx1 ,它与发展、先天的心缺点被联系,怎么为 histone 修饰词的招募被要求的例子,例如 Jarid2 , p300 ,和 Ash2l ,并且ATP依赖的改变的酶的部件喜欢 Brg1 , Baf60c ,和 Baf180 。到他们在心脏的基因的各自的地点的这些 TF 的绑定与 histone 标记的一个不同模式与一致,显示心脏的基因网络的精确规定被在 TF 和 epigenetic 修饰词之间的相互作用安排。而且,我们推测那 epigenetic 签名, TF 包括了占有, histone 修正,和全面染色质组织,是管理心脏的形态发生和疾病的内在的机制。 | Marcus Vallaster Caroline Dacwag Vallaster Sean M.Wu | 2012 | Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica2012，44，1： | 14 |
| 15 | 适应体育运动干预对孤独症谱系障碍儿童视觉工作记忆的影响显示文摘孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童的一个关键缺陷在于工作记忆。因此,本研究的目的在于讨论ASD儿童经过适应体育(APE)运动干预后,工作记忆能力是否能得到改善。采用视觉工作记忆的电脑程序进行测试,采用实验前后的被试间设计,测试适应体育运动干预对ASD儿童视觉工作记忆能力的影响。研究结果显示:1)APE干预可以显著改善ASD个体视觉工作记忆任务表现和视觉工作记忆能力。研究结果证实APE运动干预的有效性。适应体育运功干预可作为对于低工作记忆能力的、存在发展障碍的ASD个体的补救干预措施。2)复杂球类技能运动干预可以改善ASD个体视觉工作记忆能力。3)未来的研究应根据不同群体的认知特征,针对适应体育的学科特征,发展更多有效的运动干预内容和干预方法,手段。 | 朱瑜 许翀 万芹 郭立亚 Sean X.Cai | 2017 | 中国体育科技2017，53，3： | 13 |
| 16 | Retroperitoneal cystic lymphangioma in an adult:A case report and review of the literature显示文摘Lymphangiomas are rare benign cystic tumors of the lymphatic system.Retroperitoneal lymphangiomas account for 1%of all lymphangiomas,and approximately 186 cases have been reported.They may clinically present as a palpable abdominal mass and can cause diagnostic dilemmas with other retroperitoneal cystic tumors,including those arising from the liver,kidney and pancreas.This report describes the rare case of a cystic retroperitoneal lymphangioma in a 54-year-old male patient.The lymphangioma had progressed to the point of inducing clinical symptoms of abdominal distention,abdominal pain,anorexia,fever,nausea and diarrhea.Radiological imaging revealed a large multiloculated cystic abdominal mass with enhancing septations involving the upper retroperitoneum and extending into the pelvis.Surgical removal of the cyst was accomplished without incident.A benign cystic retroperitoneal lymphangioma was diagnosed on histology and confirmed with immunohistochemical stains. | Tapan Bhavsar Daryoush Saeed-Vafa Sean Harbison Susan Inniss | 2010 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2010，1，5： | 12 |
| 17 | Surviving Sepsis Campaign: International Guidelines for Management of Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock: 2012显示文摘 | R. Phillip Dellinger Mitchell M. Levy Andrew Rhodes Djillali Annane Herwig Gerlach Steven M. Opal Jonathan E. Sevransky Charles L. Sprung Ivor S. Douglas Roman Jaeschke Tiffany M. Osborn Mark E. Nunnally Sean R. Townsend Konrad Reinhart Ruth M. Kleinpell | 2013 | Critical Care Medicine2013，，2： | 12 |
| 18 | 中国农村医生医疗服务质量的测量——基于标准化病人法的实验研究显示文摘过去十年中,中国政府在农村地区进行了一系列的医疗改革,这些改革极大地提高了医疗服务的可及性,但却很少关注医疗服务的质量。本文采用标准化病人法,测量和评估中国农村基层医疗服务的质量。我们招募样本地区的农民作为'标准化病人',培训他们稳定地展示小儿痢疾和心绞痛这两种常见疾病的症状。基于标准化病人在村卫生室的就诊案例,我们发现作为基层医疗服务第一线的村医可能无法给患者提供高质量的医疗服务。村医在诊断过程中仅完成了18%的建议问诊条目,诊断正确率仅为26%;在所有开具处方的病例中,有64%的药物是不必要的,甚至是有害的。进一步分析表明,医疗服务质量与医生的受教育水平和是否获得医疗资格证书密切相关。此外,我们发现农民患者并不能很好地识别出哪些医生是相对好的医生,这样的医患信息不对称的情况可能使村医更加缺乏提高医疗服务质量的激励。研究结果建议政府在投资硬件改善基层医疗服务设施的同时,应更加注重提高农村医生的诊断和治疗水平。 | 史耀疆 薛浩 王欢 Sean Sylvia Alexis Medina Scott Rozelle | 2016 | 劳动经济研究2016，4，2： | 10 |
| 19 | Prospective randomized controlled trial evaluating cap-assisted colonoscopy vs standard colonoscopy显示文摘AIM: To study the significance of cap-fitted colonoscopy in improving cecal intubation time and polyp detection rate. METHODS: This study was a prospective randomized controlled trial conducted from March 2008 to February 2009 in a tertiary referral hospital at Sydney. The primary end point was cecal intubation time and the secondary endpoint was polyp detection rate. Consecutive cases of total colonoscopy over a 1-year period were recruited. Randomization into either standard colonoscopy (SC) or cap-assisted colonoscopy (CAC) was performed after consent was obtained. For cases randomized to CAC, one of the three sizes of cap was used: D-201-15004 (with a diameter of 15.3 mm), D-201-14304 (14.6 mm) and D-201-12704 (13.0 mm). All of these caps were produced by Olympus Medical Systems, Japan. Independent predictors for faster cecal time and better polyp detection rate were also determined from this study. RESULTS: There were 200 cases in each group. There was no signif icant difference in terms of demographic characteristics between the two groups. CAC, when compared to the SC group, had no signif icant difference in terms of cecal intubation rate (96.0% vs 97.0%, P = 0.40) and time (9.94 ± 7.05 min vs 10.34 ± 6.82 min, P = 0.21), or polyp detection rate (32.8% vs 31.3%, P = 0.75). On the subgroup analysis, there was no significant difference in terms of cecal intubation time by trainees (88.1% vs 84.8%, P = 0.40), ileal intubation rate (82.5% vs 79.0%, P = 0.38) or total colonoscopy time (23.24 ± 13.95 min vs 22.56 ± 9.94 min, P = 0.88). On multivariate analysis, the independent determinants of faster cecal time were consultant-performed procedures (P < 0.001), male patients (P < 0.001), non-usage of hyoscine (P < 0.001) and better bowel preparation (P = 0.01). The determinants of better polyp detection rate were older age (P < 0.001), no history of previous abdominal surgery (P = 0.04), patients not having esophagogastroduodenoscopy in the same setting (P = 0.003), trainee-performed procedures (P = 0.01), usage of hyoscine (P = 0.01) and procedures performed for polyp follow-up (P = 0.01). The limitations of the study were that it was a single-center experience, no blinding was possible, and there were a large number of endoscopists. CONCLUSION: CAC did not signif icantly different from SC in term of cecal intubation time and polyp detection rate. | Hoi-Poh Tee Crispin Corte Hamdan Al-Ghamdi Emilia Prakoso John Darke Raman Chettiar Wassim Rahman Scott Davison Sean P Griffin Warwick S Selby Arthur J Kaffes | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，31： | 10 |
| 20 | Defining the advantages and exposing the limitations of endoscopic variceal ligation in controlling acute bleeding and achieving complete variceal eradication显示文摘BACKGROUND Bleeding esophageal varices(BEV)is a potentially life-threatening complication in patients with portal hypertension with mortality rates as high as 25%within six weeks of the index variceal bleed.After control of the initial bleeding episode patients should enter a long-term surveillance program with endoscopic intervention combined with non-selectiveβ-blockers to prevent further bleeding and eradicate EV.AIM To assess the efficacy of endoscopic variceal ligation(EVL)in controlling acute variceal bleeding,preventing variceal recurrence and rebleeding and achieving complete eradication of esophageal varices(EV)in patients who present with BEV.METHODS A prospectively documented single-center database was used to retrospectively identify all patients with BEV who were treated with EVL between 2000 and 2018.Control of acute bleeding,variceal recurrence,rebleeding,eradication and survival were analyzed using Baveno assessment criteria.RESULTS One hundred and forty patients(100 men,40 women;mean age 50 years;range,21-84 years;Child-Pugh grade A=32;B=48;C=60)underwent 160 emergency and 298 elective EVL interventions during a total of 928 endoscopy sessions.One hundred and fourteen(81%)of the 140 patients had variceal bleeding that was effectively controlled during the index banding procedure and never bled again from EV,while 26(19%)patients had complicated and refractory variceal bleeding.EVL controlled the acute sentinel variceal bleed during the first endoscopic intervention in 134 of 140 patients(95.7%).Six patients required balloon tamponade for control and 4 other patients rebled in hospital.Overall 5-d endoscopic failure to control variceal bleeding was 7.1%(n=10)and four patients required a salvage transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt.Index admission mortality was 14.2%(n=20).EV were completely eradicated in 50 of 111 patients(45%)who survived>3 mo of whom 31 recurred and 3 rebled.Sixteen(13.3%)of 120 surviving patients subsequently had 21 EV rebleeding episodes and 10 patients bled from other sources after discharge from hospital.Overall rebleeding from all sources after 2 years was 21.7%(n=26).Sixty-nine(49.3%)of the 140 patients died,mainly due to liver failure(n=46)during follow-up.Cumulative survival for the 140 patients was 71.4%at 1 year,65%at 3 years,60%at 5 years and 52.1%at 10 years.CONCLUSION EVL was highly effective in controlling the sentinel variceal bleed with an overall 5-day failure to control bleeding of 7.1%.Although repeated EVL achieved complete variceal eradication in less than half of patients with BEV,of whom 62%recurred,there was a significant reduction in subsequent rebleeding. | Jake Krige Eduard Jonas Urda Kotze Christo Kloppers Karan Gandhi Hisham Allam Marc Bernon Sean Burmeister Mashiko Setshedi | 2020 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2020，12，10： | 10 |
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