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| 1 | 电动牙刷与手动牙刷对口腔卫生的效果比较显示文摘目的对电动牙刷和手动牙刷在去除菌斑、维护牙龈健康、对色素和牙结石的作用、可靠性、不良作用和成本等进行比较.方法计算机检索Cochrane口腔健康协作组临床试验资料库(截至2004年6月17日)、Cochran临床对照试验中心资料库(Cochrane图书馆2004第2期)、MEDLINE(1966~2004)、EMBASE(1980~2004第2周)和CINAHL(1982~2004第2周),并与制造商联系以获取更多资料.根据下列标准纳入随机对照试验:随机分配研究对象;参加者为手运动无障碍的普通人群;干预措施为无监督的手动或电动牙刷刷牙,至少4周;主要结局指标为试验期间菌斑和牙龈炎的变化.由6个作者独立评价并纳入研究资料.用随机效应模型进行Meta分析,用标准化均数差(SMD)及其95%CI测量效果.检查可能的异质性来源,并针对研究质量和发表偏倚进行敏感性分析.为便于讨论,将SMD转换为百分率.结果对包含3 855例研究对象的42个试验进行系统评价,结果显示,旋转振动型电动牙刷去除菌斑和减低牙龈炎的效果在短期内明显优于手动牙刷,并在3个月以上的研究中显示降低了牙龈炎指数.在1~3个月的研究中,菌斑SMD为-0.43 [95%CI (-0.72, 0.14)],牙龈炎SMD为-0.62 [95%CI (-0.90, 0.34)],Quigley Hein菌斑指数降低11%,Loe and Silness龈炎指数降低6%.在3个月以上的研究中,菌斑指数SMD为-1.29 [95%CI (-2.67, 0.08)], 龈炎指数为-0.51 [95%CI (-1.76, 0.25)],Ainamo Bay探诊出血指数降低17%.短期研究之间有异质性,敏感性分析显示当选择高质量的研究时结果是肯定的,没有证据表明有发表偏倚.采取其他设计的电动牙刷并不比手动牙刷更优.对成本、可靠性和不良作用的报道不一致,已报道的不良作用都是局限的、暂时的.结论旋转振动型电动牙刷去除牙菌斑、减少牙龈炎的效果优于手动牙刷.遵守方法学指南和更标准化的设计有益于将来的研究和Meta分析. | Robinson PG Deacon SA Deery C Heanue M Walmsley AD Worthington HV Glenny AM Shaw WC 陈娥 史宗道 | 2005 | 中国循证医学杂志2005，5，11： | 8 |
| 2 | WONCA研究论文摘要汇编——儿童急性呼吸道感染诊治的交流技巧和抗生素使用显示文摘目的探讨儿童急性呼吸道感染(ARTI)问诊过程中医生交流技巧与抗生素处方关系。方法采取横断面调查2007年11月—2009年4月西雅图10家诊所28名医生对1 285例ARTI患儿的诊疗过程。每次问诊结束后,对医生进行调查,调查内容包括患儿症状、查体结果、诊断和处方。同时对患儿家长进行调查,调查内容为医生的沟通技巧。结果不论是仅提出积极治疗建议〔OR=0.48,95%CI(0.24,0.95)〕,还是同时提出积极治疗建议和消极治疗建议(排除抗生素使用的需要)的医生〔OR=0.15,95%CI(0.06,0.40)〕,使用抗生素处方的概率均降低。结论医生同时提供积极和消极治疗建议可以降低病毒性ARTI患儿使用抗生素处方的风险。随着抗生素耐药的愈发严重,这一交流技巧可作为医生应对该医疗问题的举措之一。 | Mangione-Smith R Zhou C Robinson JD 本刊编辑部 | 2015 | 中国全科医学2015，18，23： | 8 |
| 3 | Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013显示文摘 | Marie Ng Tom Fleming Margaret Robinson Blake Thomson Nicholas Graetz Christopher Margono Erin C Mullany Stan Biryukov Cristiana Abbafati Semaw Ferede Abera Jerry P Abraham Niveen M E Abu-Rmeileh Tom Achoki Fadia S AlBuhairan Zewdie A Alemu Rafael Alfonso | 2014 | The Lancet2014，，： | 7 |
| 4 | Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Pain, Agitation, and Delirium in Adult Patients in the Intensive Care Unit显示文摘 | Juliana Barr Gilles L. Fraser Kathleen Puntillo E. Wesley Ely Céline Gélinas Joseph F. Dasta Judy E. Davidson John W. Devlin John P. Kress Aaron M. Joffe Douglas B. Coursin Daniel L. Herr Avery Tung Bryce R. H. Robinson Dorrie K. Fontaine Michael A. Ramsa | 2013 | Critical Care Medicine2013，，1： | 6 |
| 5 | Recurrent ectopic pancreatitis of the jejunum and mesentery over a 30-year period显示文摘BACKGROUND:Ectopic pancreas is defined as pancreatic tissue found outside its usual anatomical position,with no ductal or vascular communication with the native pancreas. We describe a case of ectopic pancreas of the small bowel and mesentery causing recurrent episodes of pancreatitis, initially suspected on computed tomography(CT)and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRCP),and confirmed on histological review of the resection. METHODS:A 67-year-old woman presented with clinical symptoms and biochemical evidence of pancreatitis.She had similar episodes over the past 30 years with unrevealing investigations,and was concluded to have idiopathic pancreatitis. She underwent CT and MRCP,with findings suggestive of ectopic pancreas,a diagnosis confirmed on histology of the resection. RESULTS:MRCP identified a mass in the proximal small bowel mesentery isointense to the native pancreas,with a small duct draining into a proximal jejunal loop.The resected specimen consisted of normal parenchyma with lobulated acinar tissue with scattered islets of Langerhans,an occasional ductular structure,and admixed areas of adipose tissue.The patient remained asymptomatic with normal biochemistry six months post-operatively. CONCLUSION:In an individual with abdominal pain,elevated serum amylase/lipase,but imaging findings of a normal native pancreas,ectopic pancreatitis should be considered,and can be evaluated by CT and MRCP. | John CT Wong Charlotte Robinson Edward C Jones Alison Harris Charles Zwirewich Robert Wakefield Richard K Simons Eric M Yoshida | 2011 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2011，10，2： | 4 |
| 6 | Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Pain, Agitation, and Delirium in Adult Patients in the Intensive Care Unit显示文摘 | Juliana Barr Gilles L. Fraser Kathleen Puntillo E. Wesley Ely Céline Gélinas Joseph F. Dasta Judy E. Davidson John W. Devlin John P. Kress Aaron M. Joffe Douglas B. Coursin Daniel L. Herr Avery Tung Bryce R. H. Robinson Dorrie K. Fontaine Michael A. Ramsa | 2013 | Critical Care Medicine2013，，1： | 2 |
| 7 | Purification and characteriztion of the periplasmic nitrate reductase from Thiosphaera pantotropha 显示文摘 | Berks BC Richardson DJ Robinson C | 1994 | Eur J Biochem1994，220，： | 2 |
| 8 | A field comparison of ten Cavendish subgroup banana cultivars and selection (Musa AAA) over four crop cycles in the subtropics显示文摘 | ROBINSON J C NEL D J ECSTEIN K | 1993 | J Hort Sci1993，68，4： | 2 |
| 9 | Dental CT evaluation of mandibular first premolar root configurations and canal variations 显示文摘 | Robinson S Czerny C Gahleitner A | 2002 | Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod2002，93，3： | 1 |
| 10 | spherical theorems of Helly type and congruence indices of spherical caps显示文摘 | | 1942 | Am J Math1942，，64： | 1 |
| 11 | Spratt the evolutionary history of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus anreus (MRSA)显示文摘 | Enright D Ashley Robinson | 2002 | PNAS2002，99，11： | 1 |
| 12 | Expression patterns of cell wall-modifying enzymes during grape berry development 显示文摘 | NUNAN K DAVIES C ROBINSON S FINCHER G | 2001 | Planta2001，214，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Defining the concept of supply chain quality management and its relevance to academic and industrial practice显示文摘 | Robinson C J Malhotra M K | 2005 | International Journal of Production Economies2005，96，3： | 1 |
| 14 | An integrated mental health clinical rotation显示文摘 | Roberts KT Robinson KM Stewart C | 2009 | J Nurs Educ2009，48，8： | 1 |
| 15 | Effects of hypercholestero-lemia on the microsomalmembrane fluidity of intimal-media versus medial layers of swine aorta:implication for the pathogenesis of vasospasm显示文摘 | Gillies P Robinson C Chapple R | 1987 | J Exp Mol Pathol1987，47，： | 1 |
| 16 | Enzyme-replacement therapy with agalsidase alfa inchildren with Fabry disease显示文摘 | Ries M Clarke JT Whybra C Timmons M Robinson C Schlaggal BL | 2006 | Pediatrics2006，118，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Catalysis of nucleophilic substitutions by micelles of dicationic detergent显示文摘 | Bunton C A Robinson L Schaak J | 1971 | J Org Chem1971，36，16： | 1 |
| 18 | Impact of changes in natural ultraviolet radiation on pigment com- position, physiological and morphological characteristics of the Antarctic moss, Grimmia antarctici 显示文摘 | Robinson S A Turnbull J D Lovelock C E | 2005 | Global Change Biology2005，11，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Analytical formulation for the shielding effectiveness of enclosures with apertures显示文摘 | Robinson M P Benson T M Christopoulos C | 1998 | IEEE Trans on Electromagn Compat1998，40，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Effects of supplemental ruminally degradable pro- tein versus increasing amounts of supplemental rumi- nally undegradable protein on nitrogen retention, ap- parent digestibility, and nutrient flux across visceral tissues in lambs fed low-quality forage 显示文摘 | ATKINSON R L TOONE C D ROBINSON T J | 2007 | Journal of Animal Science2007，85，12： | 1 |
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