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132篇 您的检索式:作者名="Shaw WC"
    题名 作者 年代 出处 被引量
1电动牙刷与手动牙刷对口腔卫生的效果比较显示文摘目的对电动牙刷和手动牙刷在去除菌斑、维护牙龈健康、对色素和牙结石的作用、可靠性、不良作用和成本等进行比较.方法计算机检索Cochrane口腔健康协作组临床试验资料库(截至2004年6月17日)、Cochran临床对照试验中心资料库(Cochrane图书馆2004第2期)、MEDLINE(1966~2004)、EMBASE(1980~2004第2周)和CINAHL(1982~2004第2周),并与制造商联系以获取更多资料.根据下列标准纳入随机对照试验:随机分配研究对象;参加者为手运动无障碍的普通人群;干预措施为无监督的手动或电动牙刷刷牙,至少4周;主要结局指标为试验期间菌斑和牙龈炎的变化.由6个作者独立评价并纳入研究资料.用随机效应模型进行Meta分析,用标准化均数差(SMD)及其95%CI测量效果.检查可能的异质性来源,并针对研究质量和发表偏倚进行敏感性分析.为便于讨论,将SMD转换为百分率.结果对包含3 855例研究对象的42个试验进行系统评价,结果显示,旋转振动型电动牙刷去除菌斑和减低牙龈炎的效果在短期内明显优于手动牙刷,并在3个月以上的研究中显示降低了牙龈炎指数.在1~3个月的研究中,菌斑SMD为-0.43 [95%CI (-0.72, 0.14)],牙龈炎SMD为-0.62 [95%CI (-0.90, 0.34)],Quigley Hein菌斑指数降低11%,Loe and Silness龈炎指数降低6%.在3个月以上的研究中,菌斑指数SMD为-1.29 [95%CI (-2.67, 0.08)], 龈炎指数为-0.51 [95%CI (-1.76, 0.25)],Ainamo Bay探诊出血指数降低17%.短期研究之间有异质性,敏感性分析显示当选择高质量的研究时结果是肯定的,没有证据表明有发表偏倚.采取其他设计的电动牙刷并不比手动牙刷更优.对成本、可靠性和不良作用的报道不一致,已报道的不良作用都是局限的、暂时的.结论旋转振动型电动牙刷去除牙菌斑、减少牙龈炎的效果优于手动牙刷.遵守方法学指南和更标准化的设计有益于将来的研究和Meta分析.Robinson PG Deacon SA Deery C Heanue M Walmsley AD Worthington HV Glenny AM Shaw WC 陈娥 史宗道 2005中国循证医学杂志2005,5,11:8
2Influence of childrens dentofacial appear- ance on teachea expectations显示文摘Shaw WC Humphreys S 1982Community Dent Oral Epidemiol1982,10,6:1
3The PAR index(peer assessment rating) : methods to determine outcome of orthodontic treatment in terms of improvement and standards 显示文摘Richmond S Shaw WC Roberts CT 1992Eur J Orthod1992,14,3:1
4The development of the PAR index (Peer Assessment Rating) : reliability and validi- ty 显示文摘Richmond S Shaw WC O'Brien KD 1992Eur J Orthod1992,14,2:1
5The development of an index of orthodontic treatment priority显示文摘Brook PH Shaw WC 1989Eur J Orthod1989,11,3:1
6The development of an index of orthodontic treatment priority显示文摘Brook PH Shaw WC 1989Eur J Orthod1989,11,3:1
7The development of the PAR index(Peer Assessment Rating):reliability and validity显示文摘Richmond S Shaw WC O'Brien KD 1992Euro J Orthod1992,14,:1
8The development of an index of orthodontic treatment priority显示文摘Brook PH Shaw WC 1989Eur J Orthod1989,11,4:1
9The devel- opment of the PAR index(peer assessment rating): Reli- ability and validity显示文摘Richmond S Shaw WC O' Brien KD 1992Eur J Orthod1992,14,2:1
10A practice-based randomised controlled trial of the efficacy of an electric and a manual toothbrush on gingival health in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances显示文摘Clerehugh V Williams P Shaw WC 0,,08:1
11The determinants of life expectancy: an analysis of the OECD health data 显示文摘Shaw JW Horrance WC Vogel RJ 2005Southern Economic Journal2005,71,4:1
12The PAR Index (peer assessment rating):Methods to determine outcome of orthodontic treatment in terms of improvement and stan- dards 显示文摘Richmond S Shaw WC Roberts CT 1992Eur J Orthod1992,14,3:1
13The determinants of life expectancy:an analysis of the OECD health data显示文摘Shaw JW Horrace WC Vogel RJ 0,,04:1
14A comparison of the reliability and validity of the PAR Index and Sum- mers'Ocelusal Index 显示文摘Buchana IB Shaw WC Richmond S 1993Eur J Orthod1993,15,1:1
15Photogrammetric Assessment of the Soft Tissue Profile in Unilateral CleftLip and Palate显示文摘Beam DR Sandy JR Shaw WC 2002Cleft Palate Craniofac J2002,39,6:1
16Factors influencing the desire for orthodontic treatment 显示文摘Shaw WC 1981Eur J Orthod1981,3,3:1
17A six - center international study of treatment outcome in patients with clefts of the lip and palate: Part 5: General discussion and conclusion 显示文摘Shaw WC Dahl E Asher McDade C 1992Cleft Palate Cranionfac J1992,29,5:1
18The expectations of orthodonticpatients in South Wales and St Louis,Missouri显示文摘Shaw WC Gbe MJ Jones BM 1979Br J Orthod1979,6,4:1
19The development of an index of orthodontic treatment priority 显示文摘Brook PH Shaw WC 1989Eur J Orthod1989,11,3:1
20The PAR index(peer assessment rating):Methods to detemine outcome of orthodontic treament in tems of improvement and standars显示文摘Richmond S Shaw WC Roberts CT et a1 1992Eur J0rthod1992,14,3:1
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