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| 1 | 中国文化消费影响因素分析和水平预测--基于误差修正与历史趋势外推模型显示文摘我国文化消费在快速增长的同时也存在诸多问题。在对文化消费的主要影响因素收入水平、价格水平、教育水平、供给水平、政府投入水平进行理论分析后,构建文化消费函数并采用误差修正模型来对上述影响因素进行实证分析。研究发现:长期来看,收入水平、教育水平与文化消费水平呈正相关关系,而文化产品供给水平、政府投入水平与文化消费水平呈负相关关系;短期来看,收入水平、教育水平、供给水平和政府投入水平均较大程度地影响着文化消费支出,即不仅上述各因素的当期变化影响着文化消费支出,而且滞后期内文化消费支出水平与均衡水平的偏离也会对其有重要影响。此外,根据影响文化消费主要因素的历史数据,采用历史趋势外推预测法对2016-2030年我国文化消费水平及影响因素进行了预测和分析。在上述基础上,提出加快我国文化消费的相关政策建议。 | 赵卫军 张爱英 Muhammad Waqas Akbar | 2018 | 经济问题2018，，7： | 22 |
| 2 | Is it time to replace propranolol with carvedilol for portal hypertension?显示文摘Beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists(β-blockers) have been well established for use in portal hypertension for more than three decades. Different Non-selective β-blockers like propranolol, nadolol, timolol, atenolol, metoprolol and carvedilol have been in clinical practice in patients with cirrhosis. Carvedilol has proven 2-4 times more potent than propranolol as a beta-receptor blocker in trials conducted testing its efficacy for heart failure. Whether the same effect extends to its potency in the reduction of portal venous pressures is a topic of on-going debate. The aim of this review is to compare the hemodynamic and clinical effects of carvedilol with propranolol, and attempt assess whether carvedilol can be used instead of propranolol in patients with cirrhosis. Carvedilol is a promising agent among the beta blockers of recent time that has shown significant effects in portal hypertension hemodynamics. It has also demonstrated an effective profile in its clinical application specifically for the prevention of variceal bleeding. Carvedilol has more potent desired physiological effects when compared to Propranolol. However, it is uncertain at the present juncture whether the improvement in hemodynamics also translates into a decreased rate of disease progression and complications when compared to propranolol. Currently Carvedilol shows promise as a therapy for portal hypertension but more clinical trials need to be carried out before we can consider it as a superior option and a replacement for propranolol. | Shahab Abid Saadat Ali Muhammad Asif Baig Anam Akbar Waheed | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2015，7，5： | 13 |
| 3 | Evidence-based consensus on the diagnosis, prevention and management of hepatitis C virus disease显示文摘Hepatitis C virus(HCV) is a potent human pathogen and is one of the main causes of chronic hepatitis round the world. The present review describes the evidencebased consensus on the diagnosis, prevention and management of HCV disease. Various techniques, for the detection of anti-HCV immunoglobulin G immunoassays, detection of HCV RNA by identifying virus-specific molecules nucleic acid testings, recognition of core antigen for diagnosis of HCV, quantitative antigenassay, have been used to detect HCV RNA and core antigen. Advanced technologies such as nanoparticlebased diagnostic assays, loop-mediated isothermal amplification and aptamers and Ortho trak-C assay have also come to the front that provides best detection results with greater ease and specificity for detection of HCV. It is of immense importance to prevent this infection especially among the sexual partners, injecting drug users, mother-to-infant transmission of HCV, household contact, healthcare workers and people who get tattoos and piercing on their skin. Management of this infection is intended to eradicate it out of the body of patients. Management includes examining the treatment(efficacy and protection), assessment of hepatic condition before commencing therapy, controlling the parameters upon which dual and triple therapies work, monitoring the body after treatment and adjusting the co-factors. Examining the treatment in some special groups of people(HIV/HCV co-infected, hemodialysis patients, renal transplanted patients). | Mahrukh Akbar Shaheen Muhammad Idrees | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，3： | 9 |
| 4 | Validating a point of care lactate meter in adult patients with sepsis presenting to the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital of a low-to middle-income country显示文摘BACKGROUND: Timely identifi cation of high blood lactate levels in septic patients may allow faster detection of those patients requiring immediate resuscitation. Point-of-care(POC) testing is being increasingly utilized in the emergency department(ED). We examined the accuracy and timesaving effect of a handheld POC lactate device for the measurement of fingertip and whole blood lactate as compared with reference laboratory blood testing in septic ED patients.METHODS: A convenience sample of adult ED patients receiving serum lactate testing were enrolled prospectively in the ED of a multidisciplinary tertiary care hospital serving the population of one of the major cities of Pakistan. Participants underwent fi ngertip POC lactate measurement with a portable device and simultaneous whole blood sampling for analysis by both the POC lactate device and standard laboratory method. Lactate measurements were compared by intraclass correlation(ICC) and Bland and Altman plots.RESULTS: Forty-three septic patients were included in the study. The fingertip POC & whole blood POC lactate measurements each correlated tightly with the reference method(ICC=0.93 & ICC=0.92, respectively). Similarly at 6 hours, the fingertip POC & whole blood POC lactate measurements demonstrated satisfactory correlation with the reference method(ICC=0.95 & ICC=0.97, respectively).CONCLUSION: Fingertip POC lactate measurement is an accurate method to determine lactate levels in septic ED patients.KEY WORDS: Sepsis; Point of care; Lactate; Emergency department; | Muhammad Akbar Baig Hira Shahzad Erfan Hussain Asad Mian | 2017 | World Journal of Emergency Medicine2017，8，3： | 7 |
| 5 | Composite insulators and their aging: An overview显示文摘The aging (biological deterioration) is a major problem of composite insulators now-a-days. The main thing in aging is to predict how, when and with what speed it occurs and under what conditions it can lead to failure and what overall average expected life of a composite insulator is. For this a lot of researches have been done. This review summarizes the methods of artificial field testing (aging), natural testing, standards the developed for aging, techniques of analysis, results achieved until now about various parameters from various locations, handling guidelines and a conclusion on what is further needed. | Muhammad AMIN Muhammad AKBAR Muhammad SALMAN | 2007 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2007，50，6： | 4 |
| 6 | Enhancing through-plane thermal conductivity of fluoropolymer composite by developing in situ nano-urethane linkage at graphene–graphene interface显示文摘Attributed to the intense development and complexity in electronic devices,energy dissipation is becoming more essential nowadays.The carbonaceous materials particularly graphene(Gr)-based thermal interface materials(TIMs)are exceptional in heat management.However,because of the anisotropic behavior of Gr in composites,the TIMs having outstanding through-plane thermal conductivity(┴TC)are needed to fulfill the upcoming innovation in numerous devices.In order to achieve this,herein,nano-urethane linkage-based modified Gr and carbon fibers architecture termed as nanourethane linkage(NUL)-Gr/carbon fibers(CFs)is fabricated.Wherein,toluene diisocyanate is utilized to develop a novel but simple NUL to shape a new interface between graphene sheets.Interestingly,the prepared composite of NUL-Gr/CFs with polyvinylidene fluoride matrix shows outstanding performance in heat management.Owing to the unique structure of NUL-Gr/CFs,an unprecedented value of┴TC(~7.96 W·m^–1·K^–1)is achieved at a low filler fraction of 13.8 wt.%which translates into an improvement of^3,980%of pristine polymer.The achieved outcomes elucidate the significance of the covalent interaction between graphene sheets as well as strong bonding among graphene and matrix in the composites and manifest the potential of proposed NUL-Gr/CFs architecture for practical applications. | Muhammad Maqbool Haichang Guo Akbar Bashir Ali Usman Adeel YAbid Guansong He Yanjuan Ren Zeeshan Ali Shulin Bai | 2020 | Nano Research2020，13，10： | 3 |
| 7 | Growth,yield and water productivity of dry direct seeded rice and transplanted aromatic rice under different irrigation management regimes显示文摘Sustainability of traditionally cultivated rice in the rice-wheat cropping zone(RWCZ)of Pakistan is dwindling due to the high cost of production,declining water resources and escalating labour availability.Thus,farmers and researchers are compelled to find promising alternatives to traditional transplanted rice(TPR).A field study was conducted in Punjab,Pakistan,in 2017 and 2018 to explore the trade-offs between water saving and paddy yield,water productivity and economics of two aromatic rice varieties under dry direct seeded rice(DDSR)and TPR.The experiment was comprised of three irrigation regimes on the basis of soil moisture tension(SMT)viz.,continuous flooded(>–10 kPa SMT),alternate wetting and drying(AWD)(–20 kPa SMT)and aerobic rice(–40 kPa SMT),maintained under TPR and DDSR systems.Two aromatic rice verities:Basmati-515 and Chenab Basmati-2016 were used during both years of study.In both years,DDSR produced higher yields(13–18%)and reduced the total water inputs(8–12%)in comparison to TPR.In comparison to traditional continuous flooded(CF),AWD under DDSR reduced total water input by 27–29%and improved the leaf area index(LAI),tillering,yield(7–9%),and water productivity(44–50%).The performance of AWD with regard to water savings and increased productivity was much higher in DDSR system as compared to AWD in TPR system.Cultivation of DDSR with aerobic irrigation improved water savings(49–55%)and water productivity(22–30%)at the expense of paddy yield reduction(36–39%)and spikelet sterility.With regard to variety,the highest paddy yield(6.6 and 6.7 t ha–1)was recorded in DDSR using Chenab Basmati-2016 under AWD irrigation threshold that attributed to high tiller density and LAI.The economic analysis showed DDSR as more beneficial rice establishment method than TPR with a high benefit-cost ratio(BCR)when the crop was irrigated with AWD irrigation threshold.Our results highlighted that with the use of short duration varieties,DDSR cultivation in conjunction with AWD irrigation can be more beneficial for higher productivity and crop yield. | Muhammad Ishfaq Nadeem Akbar Shakeel Ahmed Anjum Muhammad Anwar-Ul-haq | 2020 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2020，19，11： | 2 |
| 8 | Candida esophagitis:Risk factors in non-HIV population in Pakistan显示文摘AIM:Candida esophagitis is a frequent infection in immunocompromised patients. This study was designed to determine its characteristics in non- human immune deficiency virus (HIV) infected patients attending a teaching hospital.METHODS: Clinical records of all patients coded by international classification of diseases 9th revision with clinical modifications'(ICD-9-CM), with candida esophagitis diagnosed by esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and histopathology over a period of 5 years were studied.RESULTS: Fifty-one patients (27 males, 24 females, range 21-77 years old and mean age 52.9 years) fulfilled the criteria (0.34% of the EGD). The common predisposing factors were carcinoma (OR 3.87, CI 1.00-14.99) and diabetes mellitus (OR 4.39, CI 1.34-14.42). The frequent clinical symptoms were retrosternal discomfort, dysphagia and epigastric abdominal pain with endoscopic appearance of scattered mucosal plaques. Another endoscopic lesion was associated with candida esophagitis in 15% patients.CONCLUSION: Carcinomas, diabetes mellitus, corticosteroid and antibiotic therapy are major risk factors for candida esophagitis in Pakistan. It is an easily managed complication that responds to treatment with nystatin. | Javed Yakoob Wasim Jafri Shahab Abid Nadeem Jafri Muhammad Islam Saeed Hamid Hasnain A Shah Akbar S Hussainy | 2003 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2003，9，10： | 2 |
| 9 | The changing epidemiology pattern and frequency distribution of hepatitis C virus in Pakistan显示文摘 | Sadia Butt Muhammad Idrees Haji Akbar Irshad ur Rehman Zunaira Awan Samia Afzal Abrar Hussain Muhammad Shahid Sobia Manzoor Shazia Rafique | 2010 | Infection Genetics and Evolution2010，，5： | 2 |
| 10 | Management and Outcome of Permanent Pacemaker and Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Infections显示文摘 | Muhammad R. Sohail Daniel Z. Uslan Akbar H. Khan Paul A. Friedman David L. Hayes Walter R. Wilson James M. Steckelberg Sarah Stoner Larry M. Baddour | 2007 | Journal of the American College of Cardiology2007，，18： | 2 |
| 11 | Degradation of polyacrylamide (PAM) and methane production by mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestion: Effect of temperature and concentration显示文摘Polyacrylamide(PAM)is generally employed in wastewater treatment processes such as sludge dewatering and therefore exists in the sludge.Furthermore,it degrades slowly and can deteriorate methane yield during anaerobic digestion(AD).The impact or fate of PAM in AD under thermophilic conditions is still unclear.This study mainly focuses on PAM degradation and enhanced methane production from PAM-added sludge during 15 days of thermophilic(55°C)AD compared to mesophilic(35°C)AD.Sludge and PAM dose from 10 to 50 g/kg TSS were used.The results showed that PAM degraded by 76%to 78%with acrylamide(AM)content of 0.2 to 3.3 mg/L in thermophilic AD.However,it degraded only 21%to 30%with AM content of 0.5 to 7.2 mg/L in mesophilic AD.The methane yield was almost 230 to 238.4 mL/g VSS on the 8th day in thermophilic AD but was 115.2 to 128.6 mL/g VSS in mesophilic AD.Mechanism investigation revealed that thermophilic AD with continuous stirring not only enhanced PAM degradation but also boosted the organics release from the sludge with added PAM and gave higher methane yield than mesophilic AD. | Mona Akbar Muhammad Farooq Saleem Khan Ling Qian Hui Wang | 2020 | Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering2020，14，6： | 2 |
| 12 | Chopper-modulated gas chromatography electroantennography enabled using high-temperature MEMS flow control device显示文摘We report the design,fabrication and characterization of a microelectromechanical systems(MEMS)flow control device for gas chromatography(GC)with the capability of sustaining high-temperature environments.We further demonstrate the use of this new device in a novel MEMS chopper-modulated gas chromatography-electroantennography(MEMS-GC-EAG)system to identify specific volatile organic compounds(VOCs)at extremely low concentrations.The device integrates four pneumatically actuated microvalves constructed via thermocompression bonding of the polyimide membrane between two glass substrates with microstructures.The overall size of the device is 32 mm×32 mm,and it is packaged in a 50 mm×50 mm aluminum housing that provides access to the fluidic connections and allows thermal control.The characterization reveals that each microvalve in the flow control chip provides an ON to OFF ratio as high as 1000:1.The device can operate reliably for more than 1 million switching cycles at a working temperature of 300℃.Using the MEMS-GC-EAG system,we demonstrate the successful detection of cis-11-hexadecenal with a concentration as low as 1 pg at a demodulation frequency of 2 Hz by using an antenna harvested from the male Helicoverpa Virescens moth.In addition,1μg of a green leafy volatile(GLV)is barely detected using the conventional GC-EAG,while MEMS-GC-EAG can readily detect the same amount of GLV,with an improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)of~22 times.We expect that the flow control device presented in this report will allow researchers to explore new applications and make new discoveries in entomology and other fields that require high-temperature flow control at the microscale. | Ming-Da Zhou Muhammad Akbar Andrew J.Myrick Yiqiu Xia Waleed J.Khan Xiang Gao Thomas C.Baker Si-Yang Zheng | 2017 | Microsystems & Nanoengineering2017，3，1： | 2 |
| 13 | Pulsed Corona Discharges and Their Applications in Toxic VOCs Abatement显示文摘plasma processes are among the emerging technologies for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) sbatoment. Both thermal plasmas and non-equil[brimn plasmas (cold plasmas) are being developed for VOCs clesnup. Particularly, pulsed corona discharges offer several edvantages over conventional VOCs abatement tochniqvee, To optimize the existing technology and to developit further, there is need to understand the mechanlsms involved in plasma chemical reacticms, Furthermore, it is strongly desirable to be able to predict the behavior of new VOCs in non-equillbrlum plasma enviromuent from the data known for a few representative oompounds, Pulsed corona discharge technique is introduced here with dtafion of refevant literature, Fundamental principfes,useful for predicting the VOCs' decomposition behavior, have been worked out from the published literature. Latest developments in the area, targeted to minimize the enersy losses, improve the VOCs destruction efficiency and reduce the generation of unwanted organic and inorganic by-products, are presented. | Muhammad Arif Malik Salman Akbar Malik | 1999 | Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering1999，7，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Effect of Culture Medium on Direct Organogenesis from Different Explants of Various Potato Genotypes显示文摘 | MUHAMMAD AKBAR ANJUM HAKOOMAT ALI | 2004 | Biotechnology2004，3，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Quantitative estimation of dust fall and smoke particles in Quetta Valley显示文摘Tightening of air quality standards for populated urban areas has led to increasing attention to assessment of air quality management areas, where violation of air quality standards occurs, and development of control strategies to eliminate such vio-lation of air quality standards. The Quetta urban area is very densely built and has heavy motorized traffic. The increase of emis-sions mainly from traffic and industry are responsible for the increase in atmospheric pollution levels during the last years. The dust examined in the current study was collected by both deposit gauge and Petri dish methods at various sites of Quetta Valley. Smoke particles were obtained by bladder method from the exhausts of various types of motor vehicles. The concentration of lead found in the smoke ranged from 1.5×10?6 to 4.5×10?6. | SAMI Muhammad WASEEM Amir AKBAR Sher | 2006 | Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology)2006，7，7： | 1 |
| 16 | High-temperature stress suppresses allene oxide cyclase 2 and causes male sterility in cotton by disrupting jasmonic acid signaling显示文摘Cotton(Gossypium spp.) yield is reduced by stress. In this study, high temperature(HT) suppressed the expression of the jasmonic acid(JA) biosynthesis gene allene oxide cyclase 2(GhAOC2), reducing JA content and causing male sterility in the cotton HT-sensitive line H05. Anther sterility was reversed by exogenous application of methyl jasmonate(MeJA) to early buds. To elucidate the role of GhAOC2 in JA biosynthesis and identify its putative contribution to the anther response to HT, we created gene knockout cotton plants using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Ghaoc2 mutant lines showed male-sterile flowers with reduced JA content in the anthers at the tetrad stage(TS), tapetum degradation stage(TDS), and anther dehiscence stage(ADS). Exogenous application of MeJA to early mutant buds(containing TS or TDS anthers) rescued the sterile pollen and indehiscent anther phenotypes, while ROS signals were reduced in ADS anthers. We propose that HT downregulates the expression of GhAOC2 in anthers, reducing JA biosynthesis and causing excessive ROS accumulation in anthers, leading to male sterility. These findings suggest exogenous JA application as a strategy for increasing male fertility in cotton under HT. | Aamir Hamid Khan Yizan Ma Yuanlong Wu Adnan Akbar Muhammad Shaban Abid Ullah Jinwu Deng Abdul Saboor Khan Huabin Chi Longfu Zhu Xianlong Zhang Ling Min | 2023 | The Crop Journal2023，11，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Outcomes after stenting for malignant large bowel obstruction without radiologist support显示文摘AIM:To assess outcomes after colonic stent insertion for obstructing colorectal malignancies performed by an endoscopist without radiologist support.METHODS:This is a retrospective study of all stents inserted by a single surgeon in a District General Hospital over an eight year period.All stents were inserted for patients with acute large bowel obstruction secondary to a malignant colorectal pathology either for palliation or as a bridge to surgery.Procedures were performed by a single surgeon endoscopically with fluoroscopic control in the X-ray department but withoutthe support of an interventional radiologist.Data was collected prospectively on a pre-designed database.RESULTS:The indication for all stent procedures was an obstructing colorectal malignancy.Out of 53patients,the overall success rate was 90.6%.Eight patients had a stent intended as a bridge to surgery and 45 as a palliative procedure.Technical success was achieved in 50 out of 53 procedures(94.3%)and clinical success in 48 of those remaining 50(96.0%).Those with unsuccessful technical or clinical procedures went on to have defunctioning stomas to treat their obstruction.There were six complications from the technically successful stents(12.0%).These included one migration,one persisting obstructive symptoms and four cases of tumour overgrowth of the stents at a later date.Haemorrhagic complications,perforation or mortality were not observed in our series.Our results are comparable to several other studies assessing stent outcomes for obstructing bowel cancer.CONCLUSION:Our data suggests that colorectal stents can be inserted without radiologist support by an adequately trained individual with good outcomes. | Rao Khalid Mehmood Jody Parker Patricia Kirkbride Shakil Ahmed Fayyaz Akbar Eays Qasem Muhammad Zeeshan Ernest Jehangir | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，20： | 1 |
| 18 | Effect of post-irradiation ageing on onion seeds显示文摘 | Muhammad Amjad Muhammad Akbar Anjum | 2007 | Acta Physiologiae Plantarum2007，29，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Holadysenterine, a natural herbicidal constituent from Drechslera australiensis for management of Rumex dentatus显示文摘 | MUHAMMAD AKBAR ARSHAD JAVAID EJAZ AHMED | 2015 | Agricultural and Food Chemistry2015，62，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Relationship Between Customer Satisfaction andService Quality of Islamic Banks显示文摘 | Muhammad Naeem Akhtar Ahmed Imran Hunjra Syed Waqar Akbar Kashif-Ur-Rehman and Ghulam Shabbir Khan Niazi | | 0，，03： | 1 |
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